CN212965421U - Image forming apparatus and image forming system - Google Patents
Image forming apparatus and image forming system Download PDFInfo
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- CN212965421U CN212965421U CN202021776175.9U CN202021776175U CN212965421U CN 212965421 U CN212965421 U CN 212965421U CN 202021776175 U CN202021776175 U CN 202021776175U CN 212965421 U CN212965421 U CN 212965421U
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Abstract
The present application relates to an imaging apparatus and an imaging system, wherein, in the imaging apparatus: the receiving lens is used for receiving the light reflected by the target object and imaging the light onto the spatial light modulator; the spatial light modulator is used for carrying out light field modulation on a target signal received by the receiving lens according to the received modulation signal; the polarization light splitting device is used for receiving the light beam modulated by the spatial light modulator, dividing the light beam into two beams of light with different propagation directions and mutually vertical polarization, and projecting the two beams of light to the first detector and the second detector respectively; and obtaining a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal; the controller is respectively electrically connected with the spatial light modulator, the first detector and the second detector, outputs a modulation signal, and obtains an image of a target object according to the first electric signal, the second electric signal and the modulation signal. The polarization beam splitter and the polarization difference are utilized to separate the reflected light of the object according to polarization, so that the detection and imaging of the diffuse reflection object and the specular reflection object are considered, and the imaging effect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an associated imaging technology field especially relates to an imaging device and imaging system.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present application and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The single-pixel camera is an indirect imaging mode without an array detector. The reflected light of the object is received by the receiving lens for light to be measured and imaged on the spatial light modulator; modulating the signal to be measured by the spatial light modulator; the modulated optical signal is detected by a detector and converted into an electric signal, and the collected signal and the modulated signal sent by the control system are calculated by a calculation system to obtain the image of the target object. Compared with the traditional imaging mode, ghost imaging has the advantages of high sensitivity, low cost and the like, and is applied to the fields of remote sensing, laser radar, video monitoring and the like.
When imaging is carried out, the target object may be a diffuse reflection object, and the return light signal is weak; it may also be a specular object, with a strong return light signal. If a detector with high sensitivity is adopted, when the target object is a specular reflection object, the detector can be saturated or even damaged due to the light intensity received by the detector; if a detector with low sensitivity is adopted, when a target object is a diffuse reflection object, the light received by the detector is weak, and a clear image cannot be recovered by obtaining enough signal-to-noise ratio; if a detector with a detection range capable of simultaneously considering both large signals and small signals is adopted, the cost is high.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Therefore, it is necessary to provide an imaging device and an imaging system for solving the problem that a detector cannot measure both large signals and small signals at the same time, and ensuring the imaging effect, aiming at the problem that the reflected light intensities of a diffuse reflection object and a specular reflection object are different.
An embodiment of the utility model provides an imaging device, include: the system comprises a receiving lens, a first detector, a second detector, a polarization beam splitter, a spatial light modulator and a controller;
the receiving lens is used for receiving the light reflected by the target object and imaging the light onto the spatial light modulator;
the spatial light modulator is used for carrying out light field modulation on a target signal received by the receiving lens according to a received modulation signal, wherein the target signal is light reflected by a target object;
the polarization light splitting device is used for receiving the light beam modulated by the spatial light modulator, splitting the light beam into two beams of light with different propagation directions and mutually vertical polarization, and projecting the two beams of light to the first detector and the second detector respectively;
the first detector and the second detector correspondingly receive the two beams of light of the polarization light splitting device one by one, and a first electric signal and a second electric signal are obtained after photoelectric conversion;
the controller is electrically connected with the spatial light modulator, the first detector and the second detector respectively, and is used for outputting the modulation signal and obtaining the image of the target object according to the first electric signal, the second electric signal and the modulation signal.
In one embodiment, the target object includes: specular reflective objects and/or diffuse reflective objects.
In one embodiment, the polarization beam splitter is a polarization beam splitter prism.
In one embodiment, the polarization splitting device is a Glan Taylor prism.
In one embodiment, the first detector is a single pixel detector; and/or
The second detector is a single pixel detector.
In one embodiment, the spatial light modulator is a digital micromirror device.
In one embodiment, the controller comprises:
the modulation module is electrically connected with the spatial light modulator and is used for outputting the modulation signal;
and the computing module is respectively electrically connected with the modulation module and the detector and is used for obtaining the image of the target object according to the first electric signal, the second electric signal and the modulation signal.
In one embodiment, the digital micromirror device comprises: the driving module and the micromirrors;
the driving module is electrically connected with the controller and is used for driving the on-off state of each micromirror according to the modulation signal.
An imaging system, comprising:
a light source providing illumination light;
an emission lens that emits the illumination light to the target object; and
the imaging device is provided. In one embodiment, the illumination light emitted by the light source is p-light, s-light, or completely unpolarized light.
No matter whether incident light is completely unpolarized light or linearly polarized light, the polarization characteristics of a diffuse reflection object with low reflectivity and the polarization characteristics of a specular reflection object with high reflectivity are different, reflected light of the diffuse reflection object has the polarization characteristics of completely unpolarized light, and the specular reflection light is still linearly polarized light or partially polarized light, according to the difference, the imaging device provided by the embodiment of the application separates the reflected light of the object according to polarization by using a polarization beam splitter and the polarization difference, for example, the polarization beam splitter is used for splitting light, all light signals modulated by a spatial light modulator pass through the polarization beam splitter, the intensity of transmitted light and the intensity of reflected light have difference, the transmitted light and the reflected light are respectively detected by a first detector and a second detector with different sensitivities and correspondingly generate a first electric signal and a second electric signal, and the controller calculates according to the received first electric signal and the second electric signal and a modulation signal sent to the spatial light modulator, a complete image of the target object can be obtained. The imaging device that this application example provided can compromise the detection and the formation of image of diffuse reflection object and specular reflection object, and it is effectual to form an image.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an image forming apparatus in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an image forming apparatus in another embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an imaging system in one embodiment;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of an imaging system in still another embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. The invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element and be integral therewith, or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "mounted," "one end," "the other end," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
An embodiment of the utility model provides an imaging device, as shown in FIG. 1, include: a receiving lens 10, a first detector 20, a second detector 30, a polarization beam splitter 50, a spatial light modulator 40 and a controller 60; the receiving lens 10 is used for receiving the light reflected by the target object and imaging the light onto the spatial light modulator 40; the spatial light modulator 40 is configured to perform light field modulation on a target signal received by the receiving lens 10 according to a received modulation signal, where the target signal is light reflected by a target object; the polarization beam splitter 50 is configured to receive the light beam modulated by the spatial light modulator 40, split the light beam into two beams of light with different propagation directions and mutually perpendicular polarizations, and respectively project the two beams of light to the first detector 20 and the second detector 30; the first detector 20 and the second detector 30 correspondingly receive the two beams of light of the polarization beam splitter 50 one by one, and perform photoelectric conversion to obtain a first electrical signal and a second electrical signal; the controller 60 is electrically connected to the spatial light modulator 40, the first detector 20, and the second detector 30, respectively, for outputting the modulation signal, and for obtaining an image of the target object according to the first electrical signal, the second electrical signal, and the modulation signal.
Among them, the receiving lens 10 may be a single lens, a cemented lens, or a lens group including a plurality of lenses. The specular reflection object is an object with reflected light concentrated in a specific direction, and the light received by the detector is strong. The spatial light modulator 40 is composed of a plurality of spatial light modulation units, each of which can independently modulate a parameter of the light field, for example, modulate the amplitude of the light field, modulate the phase through the refractive index, modulate the polarization state through the rotation of the polarization plane, or realize the conversion of incoherent-coherent light, thereby writing a certain information into the light wave to achieve the purpose of modulating the light wave. The spatial light modulator 40 is composed of a plurality of spatial light modulation units, and each spatial light modulation unit can independently modulate a parameter of the light field according to the modulation signal, for example, by modulating the amplitude of the light field, modulating the phase by the refractive index, modulating the polarization state by the rotation of the polarization plane, or realizing the conversion of incoherent-coherent light, so as to write a certain amount of information into the light wave, thereby achieving the purpose of light field modulation. The spatial light modulator 40 may be a digital micromirror device, an Acousto-optic deflection crystal (AOD), a liquid crystal spatial light modulator 40, or a metamaterial. When the spatial light modulator 40 is a digital micromirror device, the spatial light modulator 40 can achieve light modulation by driving micromirrors thereon on or off. When the spatial light modulator 40 is an acousto-optic deflection crystal, the optical modulation can be realized by changing the applied signal so that the refractive index changes with the externally applied signal. When the spatial light modulator 40 is a metamaterial (which may be a light-operated metamaterial), the nanostructure of the metamaterial can scatter light in a specific manner, and light modulation can be achieved by adjusting the absorption characteristics of the surface of the metamaterial. The modulation signal is used for controlling the change of the spatial refractive index of the spatial light modulator 40, the modulation signal may be a pseudo-random signal, and the like, and the implementation of the imaging by the controller 60 according to the first electrical signal, the second electrical signal and the modulation signal may be implemented according to an existing associated imaging algorithm or a compressed sensing algorithm, and the like. The polarization beam splitter is a device capable of separating light with different polarization characteristics from received light, and may be a polarization beam splitter prism or a glan-taylor prism. The first and second detectors (20, 30) are photodetectors capable of detecting optical signals and converting the optical signals into electrical signals, and can output current, voltage or digital signals of corresponding intensities according to incident light intensities. According to the wavelength of the optical signal to be processed, the detector can take silicon, germanium, indium gallium arsenic, cadmium selenide and the like as detection materials. Specifically, the detector may be, but is not limited to, a single-pixel detector, and may also be a CCD (Charge Coupled Device), a CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor), an MPPC (multi-pixel photo multiplier), or the like, and it should be noted that the examples herein do not limit the actual protection scope of the present application.
Specifically, an imaging device (polarization beam splitting single pixel camera) is shown in fig. 1. The external natural light illuminates a target object, reflected light of the target object passes through the receiving lens 10 and then is projected on the spatial light modulator 40, the reflected light is imaged on the spatial light modulator 40, the spatial light modulator 40 receives a modulation signal sent by the controller 60, performs light modulation on the received light to form light to be measured, and projects the light to be measured to the polarization light splitting device 50 through the lens 70, the polarization light splitting device 50 divides the light to be measured into two first light beams and two second light beams with different intensities by utilizing polarization characteristic difference between different objects, and then projects the light to the first detector 20 and the second detector 30 respectively, the first detector 20 and the second detector 30 correspondingly generate a first electric signal and a second electric signal, and by adopting the mode, the problem that due to the fact that the reflected light intensities of a diffuse reflection object and a specular reflection object are different, the detectors cannot easily take large signal and small signal into account simultaneously can be solved, therefore, the detection effect on objects with different reflectivity is ensured, the imaging effect is ensured, the requirement on the detector is reduced, and the cost is reduced. Wherein the target object includes: specular reflective objects and/or diffuse reflective objects.
The imaging device that this application embodiment provided is according to the polarization difference of object different grade type reverberation to utilize devices such as polarization beam splitter prism can fall into the characteristic of the light that two bundles of intensity are different according to the polarization difference, strong signal and weak signal are surveyed respectively to first detector of synchronous configuration and second detector, can survey diffuse reflection object and specular reflection object simultaneously, and detection effect is good, and the imaging quality is high.
In one embodiment, the imaging apparatus may further include: and the converging lens is used for converging the optical signal modulated by the spatial light modulator 40 to the polarization beam splitter 50.
In one embodiment, the target object includes a specular reflective object and a diffuse reflective object.
The diffuse reflection object is an object that reflects light reflected by the light source in all directions after the object is irradiated by the light source. The specular reflection object refers to an object with a smooth surface, such as a water surface or glass, and when a parallel incident light ray hits the reflection surface, the parallel incident light ray still reflects in one direction. When the illumination light source is completely unpolarized light, the reflected light from the diffuse reflection object is also completely unpolarized light, and the reflected light from the specular reflection object is partially polarized light (the s component is large and the p component is small). When the illumination light source is s-polarized light, the reflected light from the diffuse reflection object also has polarization characteristics of completely unpolarized light, while the reflected light from the specular reflection object is linearly polarized light (s-polarized light) or partially polarized light (s-polarized light is abundant and p-polarized light is scarce). When the illumination light source is p-polarized light, the reflected light from the diffuse reflection object also has polarization characteristics of completely unpolarized light, while the reflected light from the specular reflection object is linearly polarized light (p-polarized light) or partially polarized light (p-polarized light is abundant and s-polarized light is scarce). According to the polarization difference, before detection, a polarization light splitting device is added to separate p-polarized light and s-polarized light of the light beam, so that the light is split into a strong light part and a weak light part, and the two detectors with different sensitivities are used for detection respectively, so that the requirements on the detectors are reduced, and the imaging quality can be ensured.
The polarization beam splitter 50 is disposed between the spatial light modulator 40 and the detector to separate the light modulated by the spatial light modulator 40, and the detectors with different sensitivities are used for detecting, so as to ensure the imaging effect and the imaging quality of the target object, and thus, the imaging of two or more types of objects with large reflectivity difference can be realized.
In one embodiment, the polarization beam splitter device 50 is a Glan Taylor prism or a polarization beam splitter prism. The Glan Taylor prism is a birefringent polarizing beam splitter 50 made of natural calcite crystal, and its main component is CaCO3The rhombohedral crystal of (1). The transmittance and polarization purity are higher than those of other polarization splitting devices 50 (such as a polarizing plate). The polarization beam splitter prism is a device capable of splitting incident unpolarized light into two vertical linearly polarized light beams. The P polarized light passes through completely, the S polarized light is reflected at an angle of 45 degrees, and the emergent direction forms an angle of 90 degrees with the P light. The polarization beam splitter prism can be formed by gluing a pair of high-precision right-angle prisms, and the oblique side of one prism is coated with a polarization beam splitting dielectric film. When the polarization beam splitter 50 is a polarization beam splitter prism, and the light is illuminated by completely unpolarized light, the reflected light of the diffuse reflection object is still completely unpolarized light, and the reflected light of the specular reflection object is partially polarized light; when s-linear polarized light or p-linear polarized light is adopted for illumination, the reflected light of the diffuse reflection object is still completely unpolarized light, and the reflected light of the specular reflection object is linearly polarized light or partially polarized light. The light to be measured modulated and formed by the spatial light modulator 40 passes through the polarization beam splitter prism, the reflected light (s-polarized light) thereof forms a first light beam, the transmitted light (p-polarized light) forms a second light beam, and the second light beam is reflected according to a diffuse reflection objectThe polarization characteristics of light and specular reflection object reflected light are different, the polarization directions of reflected light and transmitted light of the polarization beam splitter prism are different, the light intensity is different, the first detector and the second detector with different sensitivities can be used for detection, and the requirements for the detectors are reduced. Other types of devices for analyzing the polarization may be used in addition to those listed herein, and other alternatives that may be contemplated by one skilled in the art based on the embodiments described herein are within the scope of the present application.
In one embodiment, the first detector 20 is a single pixel detector; and/or the second detector 30 is a single pixel detector. In one embodiment, the spatial light modulator 40 is a digital micromirror device.
A single pixel detector is a particle track detector with silicon as the detection material, a semiconductor detector with a single pixel to output data when a particle passes through the single pixel, for example, to convert received light modulated by a digital micromirror device into an electrical signal. The single-pixel detector is a general name of detectors which can only detect light intensity and cannot distinguish space information. Photodiodes, photomultiplier tubes, avalanche photodiodes, and the like are commonly used.
A digital micro-mirror device (DMD) is a spatial light modulator 40 consisting of an array of micron-sized aluminum mirrors, each having only two states, on and off (i.e., +12 ° and-12 ° rotation about its diagonal), capable of specific amplitude modulation of light. In performing the light modulation, the micromirrors in the DMD are turned in a row-driven fashion, often by outputting a random encoding matrix (modulation signal) to the DMD.
When the single-pixel detector is adopted, the digital micro-mirror device is matched, when an image of an object is shot on the DMD through the receiving lens 10, the image reflected by the DMD is focused on the single-pixel detector with only one pixel, and the single-pixel detector performs photoelectric conversion to generate an electric signal. During the shooting process, the light and shade matrix reflected by each lens on the DMD is rapidly transformed in the form of pseudo-random code, and the detector 20 collects the optical signal once every change and converts the optical signal into the electric signal. And finally, calculating the electric signal and the pseudo-random code each time to obtain an image of the object, wherein the imaging device provided by the embodiment of the application is a single-pixel camera.
To better explain the working principle of the imaging device provided in the embodiment of the present application, an example is given in which the imaging device is a single-pixel camera, and the target object includes a diffuse reflection object and a specular reflection object, and the single-pixel camera for simultaneously detecting the diffuse reflection object and the specular reflection object by using the polarization difference of the reflected light is shown in fig. 1. The diffuse reflection object and the specular reflection object are illuminated by external natural light, reflected light (target signals) of the two objects are projected on the spatial light modulator 40 through the receiving lens 10 to be imaged, light to be measured formed by modulation of the spatial light modulator 40 passes through the polarization beam splitter prism, transmitted light and reflected light of the light to be measured are detected by the first detector 20 and the second detector 30 respectively and are correspondingly converted into a first electric signal and a second electric signal, and the controller 60 calculates (correlation operation or compression perception algorithm and the like) the collected first electric signal and the collected second electric signal and a modulation signal sent by the controller 60 to obtain a complete object image.
In one embodiment, the controller 60 includes: a modulation module 61, wherein the modulation module 61 is electrically connected to the spatial light modulator 40, and is configured to output the modulation signal; a calculating module 62, wherein the calculating module 62 is electrically connected to the modulating module 61 and the detector, respectively, and is configured to obtain an image of the target object according to the first electrical signal, the second electrical signal, and the modulating signal.
The modulation module 61 mainly refers to a device capable of generating a modulation signal, and may be, for example, a pulse generator, a pseudo-random signal generator, or the like. The calculating module 62 is a device capable of calculating an image of the object according to the modulation signal and the electrical signal, and may be a device composed of a plurality of chip devices. Specifically, the modulation module 61 outputs a modulation signal to the driving module, and the driving module drives the mechanical flip of the micromirror. The driving module can drive line by line to carry out light modulation, light to be measured formed after modulation is split by the polarization light splitting device 50 to form a second light beam and a second light beam, then the first light beam and the second light beam are received by the first detector 20 and the second detector 30 and are correspondingly converted into a first electric signal and a second electric signal to be output to the calculating module 62, finally, the modulating signal, the first electric signal and the second electric signal are analyzed and processed by the calculating module 62 according to a compression perception algorithm or a correlation algorithm and the like, and finally, an image of a target object is obtained.
In one embodiment, the digital micromirror device comprises: the driving module and the micromirrors; the driving module is electrically connected to the controller 60, and the driving module is configured to drive the on/off state of each micromirror according to the modulation signal. The driving implementation process in which the driving module drives each micromirror to turn over line by line can be described with reference to the product of DMD and the working principle in the instruction manual of texas instruments.
The imaging apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present application, using polarization differences of different types of reflected lights of an object, according to polarization difference characteristics between a diffuse reflection object and a specular reflection object, realizes separation of the reflected lights of the different types of objects, for example, when the diffuse reflection object and the specular reflection object need to be measured simultaneously, the polarization beam splitter 50 may be used to divide the reflected lights into transmitted lights and reflected lights with different intensities according to polarization, the transmitted lights and the reflected lights are respectively subjected to photoelectric detection by the first detector 20 and the second detector 30 and are correspondingly converted into the first electrical signal and the second electrical signal, and the controller 60 calculates (correlation operation or compression sensing algorithm, etc.) the collected first electrical signal and the collected second electrical signal with the modulation signal sent by the controller 60, so as to obtain a complete image of the target object.
An imaging system, as shown in fig. 2, comprising: a light source 1 for supplying illumination light such as completely unpolarized light, p-polarized light, or s-polarized light; an emission lens 2 that emits the illumination light of the light source 1 to the target object; and the above-described image forming apparatus 3.
The light source 1 is an object that can emit light by itself and is emitting light. The imaging system provided in the embodiment of the present application can achieve the beneficial effects of the imaging device 3, and the working implementation process of the imaging system can refer to the description in the above embodiment of the imaging device 3, which is not described herein again.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only represent some embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An image forming apparatus, comprising: the device comprises a receiving lens, a first detector, a second detector, a polarization beam splitter, a spatial light modulator and a controller;
the receiving lens is used for receiving the light reflected by the target object and imaging the light onto the spatial light modulator;
the spatial light modulator is used for carrying out light field modulation on a target signal received by the receiving lens according to a received modulation signal, wherein the target signal is light reflected by a target object;
the polarization light splitting device is used for receiving the light beam modulated by the spatial light modulator, splitting the light beam into two beams of light with different propagation directions and mutually vertical polarization, and projecting the two beams of light to the first detector and the second detector respectively;
the first detector and the second detector correspondingly receive the two beams of light of the polarization light splitting device one by one, and a first electric signal and a second electric signal are obtained after photoelectric conversion;
the controller is electrically connected with the spatial light modulator, the first detector and the second detector respectively, and is used for outputting the modulation signal and obtaining the image of the target object according to the first electric signal, the second electric signal and the modulation signal.
2. The imaging apparatus of claim 1, wherein the target object comprises: specular reflective objects and/or diffuse reflective objects.
3. The imaging apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polarization splitting device is a polarization splitting prism.
4. An imaging apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polarization splitting device is a glan-taylor prism.
5. The imaging apparatus of claim 1 or 2, wherein the first detector is a single pixel detector; and/or
The second detector is a single pixel detector.
6. An imaging device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the spatial light modulator is a digital micromirror device.
7. The imaging apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the controller includes:
the modulation module is electrically connected with the spatial light modulator and is used for outputting the modulation signal;
and the computing module is respectively electrically connected with the modulation module and the detector and is used for obtaining the image of the target object according to the first electric signal, the second electric signal and the modulation signal.
8. The imaging apparatus of claim 6, wherein the digital micromirror device comprises: the driving module and the micromirrors;
the driving module is electrically connected with the controller and is used for driving the on-off state of each micromirror according to the modulation signal.
9. An imaging system, comprising:
a light source providing illumination light;
an emission lens that emits the illumination light to the target object; and
the imaging device of any one of claims 1-8.
10. The imaging system of claim 9, wherein the illumination light emitted by the light source is p-light, s-light, or completely unpolarized light.
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