CN212955220U

CN212955220U - Annealing equipment

Info

Publication number: CN212955220U
Application number: CN202021589574.4U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 向海峰; 卜登学; 曾利娟
Original assignee: Chengdu Rongdong Automobile Fitting Dies Co ltd
Current assignee: Chengdu Rongdong Automobile Fitting Dies Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-03
Filing date: 2020-08-03
Publication date: 2021-04-13
Anticipated expiration: 2030-08-03

Abstract

The utility model provides an annealing device, which belongs to the technical field of hot processing. The annealing equipment comprises a furnace body, an electric heating tube, a circulating fan and an annealing cooling device, wherein the furnace body comprises a furnace lining and a furnace door, and the furnace lining encloses an accommodating space with a one-way opening; the electric heating tubes are arranged in the accommodating space; the circulating fan is arranged in the accommodating space and fixed at the top of the furnace body, the circulating fan is an axial fan, and the axial flow direction of the circulating fan is from top to bottom; the annealing cooling device comprises a fan, an induced draft pipe, a water tank, a bypass pipe and a gas-liquid spray pipe. The utility model arranges the circulating fan in the accommodating space of the furnace body, which can effectively improve the temperature uniformity in the furnace body and ensure the quality uniformity of the annealing workpieces in the same batch; through setting up annealing cooling device, slow cooling is gone on through the forced air cooling on the one hand, and on the other hand utmost point speed cooling is gone on through spraying gas-liquid mixture, has improved the cooling rate of work piece in utmost point speed cooling stage, has ensured the quality of work piece moreover.

Description

Annealing equipment

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a hot working technical field particularly, relates to an annealing equipment.

Background

Annealing is a heat treatment process that refers to slowly heating a metal to a certain temperature, holding for a sufficient time, and then cooling at a suitable rate. The purpose is to reduce the hardness of the material and improve the machinability of the material; the residual stress of the material is reduced, the size of the material is stabilized, and the deformation and crack tendency of the material are reduced; refining grains, adjusting the structure and eliminating the structure defects. Specifically, annealing is a heat treatment process for materials, including metallic materials and non-metallic materials.

The annealing process comprises the following steps: 1. a heating stage; generally, the temperature of the workpiece before entering the annealing furnace is lower than the annealing temperature required by us, and heating is needed. 2. A heat preservation stage; the workpiece is heated to the annealing temperature and then is subjected to heat preservation so as to eliminate the stress generated on different sections of the workpiece. 3. A slow cooling stage; after the workpiece is kept at the annealing temperature for a period of time, gradually slowly cooling the workpiece to the lowest annealing temperature of the workpiece, and avoiding stress generated by too fast cooling. 4. A quenching stage; after the workpiece is cooled to the minimum annealing temperature, the cooling rate of the workpiece can be increased, so that the workpiece is cooled to room temperature.

However, in the existing annealing process, because batch annealing is mostly adopted for workpieces, the temperature uniformity in the annealing furnace is poor due to uneven distribution of heating heat sources in the annealing furnace, and the quality uniformity of the workpieces after annealing is poor; and adopt the forced air cooling in order to ensure work piece slow cooling more in the cooling stage, however in the rapid cooling stage, because the specific heat capacity of air is lower, even if still can not reach higher heat exchange efficiency under large-traffic fan blast air cooling effect, adopt liquid direct spray cooling rate too fast, easily lead to the work piece to produce the internal stress, make annealing failure.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide an annealing equipment, it not only can improve annealing efficiency, can also ensure the quality of annealing work piece.

The utility model discloses a realize like this:

an annealing apparatus, comprising:

the furnace body comprises a furnace lining and a furnace door, the furnace lining encloses an accommodating space with a one-way opening, and the side edge of the furnace door is hinged with the furnace lining and is used for opening or closing the accommodating space;

the electric heating tubes are arranged in the accommodating space and are arranged in the middle area of the top of the furnace body in parallel;

the circulating fan is arranged in the accommodating space and fixed at the top of the furnace body, the circulating fan is an axial flow fan, and the axial flow direction of the circulating fan is from top to bottom;

the annealing cooling device comprises a fan, an induced draft pipe, a water tank, a bypass pipe and a gas-liquid spray pipe, wherein the fan is arranged outside the furnace body, one end of the induced draft pipe is connected with an air outlet of the fan, and the other end of the induced draft pipe penetrates through the furnace lining and extends into the accommodating space; one end of the gas-liquid spray pipe is connected with an air outlet of the fan, the other end of the gas-liquid spray pipe penetrates through the furnace lining and extends into the accommodating space, and one end of the by-pass pipe is communicated with the gas-liquid spray pipe, and the other end of the by-pass pipe is connected with the water tank.

Furthermore, the annealing cooling device also comprises a pressure collection box, the pressure collection box is a hollow sealed box body, the wall surface of the pressure collection box is provided with an air inlet hole, and the air inlet hole is communicated with the induced draft pipe; the pressure collection box is also provided with a plurality of jet pipes, one end of each jet pipe is communicated with the inside of the pressure collection box, and the other end of each jet pipe penetrates through the furnace lining and extends into the containing space.

Furthermore, the induced duct includes first branch pipe and second branch pipe, the tip of first branch pipe with the second branch pipe respectively connects one pressure collecting box, two pressure collecting boxes set up respectively in the furnace body both sides, two efflux pipe on the pressure collecting box all passes the furnace lining, and stretch into to in the accommodation space, and relative and establish.

Further, the jet pipe comprises a one-way check valve plate, and the one-way check valve plate is arranged in the jet pipe; the one-way check valve is provided with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is arranged on the center of the valve plate, and two ends of the rotating shaft are fixed on the inner wall of the jet pipe.

Furthermore, a first limiting block and a second limiting block are installed on the inner wall of the jet pipe, the first limiting block and the second limiting block are arranged oppositely, and the first limiting block and the second limiting block are respectively located on two sides of the one-way check valve block.

Furthermore, a first accommodating groove and a second accommodating groove are formed in the inner wall of the jet pipe, the first accommodating groove and the second accommodating groove are respectively provided with an arc-shaped lead end and a butting end, the first accommodating groove and the second accommodating groove are arranged oppositely, and the first accommodating groove and the second accommodating groove are respectively used for accommodating and butting two end parts of the one-way check valve plate; the first limiting block and the second limiting block are respectively arranged in the first accommodating groove and the second accommodating groove; the lead connecting end of the first accommodating groove is arranged in the direction opposite to that of the second accommodating groove.

Furthermore, a wind return cover and a flow guide cover are arranged on the circulating fan, the wind return cover and the flow guide cover are fixedly installed, and the wind return cover is arranged on the upper portion of the flow guide cover;

the air return cover comprises a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate, the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate are arranged in parallel up and down, and an air return opening is formed between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate; a through hole is formed in the second mounting plate and is communicated with the air return opening; the first mounting plate is fixed on the top wall of the furnace lining and is positioned in the accommodating space;

the air guide sleeve is an annular sleeve, one end part of the air guide sleeve is fixed at the through hole of the second mounting plate, and the circulating fan is located in the annular sleeve formed by the air guide sleeve.

Furthermore, a plurality of air return holes are formed in the second mounting plate, and the air return holes are distributed around the through holes.

Furthermore, the tail end of the gas-liquid spray pipe is provided with a spray head, and the spray head is provided with a plurality of spray holes.

Further, the furnace body still includes pressure relief device, pressure relief device includes the pressure release pipe, pressure release pipe one end stretches into in the accommodation space, the other end set up in outside the furnace body.

The utility model has the advantages that:

according to the annealing equipment obtained by the design, the circulating fan is arranged in the accommodating space of the furnace body, so that the temperature uniformity in the furnace body can be effectively improved, and the quality uniformity of annealing workpieces in the same batch is guaranteed; through setting up annealing cooling device, ensured that the interior work piece annealing cooling process of stove can control, slowly cool down on the one hand and go on through the forced air cooling, on the other hand utmost point speed cooling is gone on through spraying gas-liquid mixture, has both guaranteed the stability of cooling process simultaneously under the circulating fan effect, has also improved the cooling rate of work piece in utmost point speed cooling stage simultaneously, has ensured the quality of work piece moreover.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an annealing apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of a first structure of a circulation fan according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a second structural schematic diagram of a circulation fan according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a first structure outside a furnace body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a second schematic structural view of the exterior of the furnace body according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the liquid shower pipe according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Icon: 10-furnace lining; 11-furnace door; 100-a containing space; 20-pressure collecting box; 2011-draught tube; 202-a jet pipe; 201-a first branch pipe; 203-one-way check valve plate; 204-a first stopper; 205-a second stopper; 206-a first receiving groove; 207-a second receiving groove; 2021-pigtail end; 2022-holding end; 208-a rotation axis; 2001-second branch tube; 200-a fan; 30-a spray head; 300-a water tank; 301-gas-liquid shower; 3012-a bypass line; 40-air return cover; 401-return air inlet; 402-a first mounting plate; 403-a second mounting plate; 4021-a through hole; 4022-return air hole; 50-a flow guide sleeve; 51-a circulating fan; 60-electric heating tubes; 70-pressure relief pipe.

Detailed Description

To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention are combined to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate the position or positional relationship based on the position or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the position or positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific position, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the present disclosure, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature may comprise both the first and second features directly contacting each other, and also may comprise the first and second features not being directly contacting each other but being in contact with each other by means of further features between them. Also, the first feature being above, on or above the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature that underlies, and underlies a second feature includes a first feature that is directly under and obliquely under a second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lesser level than the second feature.

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an annealing apparatus, including: a furnace body, an electric heating tube 60, a circulating fan 51 and an annealing cooling device.

The furnace body comprises a furnace lining 10 and a furnace door 11, the furnace lining 10 encloses an accommodating space 100 with a one-way opening, and the side edge of the furnace door 11 is hinged with the furnace lining 10 and used for opening or closing the accommodating space 100.

The electric heating tubes 60 are arranged in the accommodating space 100 and are arranged in the middle area of the top of the furnace body in parallel, so that a heating source is ensured to cover the accommodating space 100 in the furnace body from top to bottom; in this embodiment, the electric heating tube 60 is a high temperature resistant heating wire or a ceramic electric heating tube 60, so as to ensure the annealing temperature required for annealing.

The circulating fan 51 is arranged in the accommodating space 100 and fixed at the top of the furnace body, the circulating fan 51 is an axial fan, and the axial flow direction of the circulating fan 51 is from top to bottom; referring to fig. 2, it should be further explained that the circulating fan 51 is provided with a wind return cover 40 and a wind deflector 50, the wind return cover 40 and the wind deflector 50 are fixedly installed, and the wind return cover 40 is arranged on the upper portion of the wind deflector 50; the air return cover 40 comprises a first mounting plate 402 and a second mounting plate 403, the first mounting plate 402 and the second mounting plate 403 are arranged in parallel up and down, and an air return opening 401 is formed between the first mounting plate 402 and the second mounting plate 403; a through hole 4021 is formed in the second mounting plate 403, and the through hole 4021 is communicated with the air return port 401; the first mounting plate 402 is fixed to the top wall of the furnace lining 10 and is located in the accommodating space 100. When the circulating fan 51 performs the blowing function, a reasonable circulating process needs to be formed in the air flow in the closed space, if the air return port 401 is lacked, the air flow in the accommodating space 100 in the furnace body has a turbulent flow phenomenon, so that the overall heat uniformity in the furnace body is poor due to uneven distribution of the air flow in the accommodating space 100, the temperatures of the workpieces at different positions are uneven, and finally, whether the whole batch of workpieces reaches the annealing temperature is difficult to judge, and misjudgment is very easy to occur.

Further, in this embodiment, the pod 50 is an annular sleeve, one end of the pod 50 is fixed to the through hole 4021 of the second mounting plate 403, and the circulation fan 51 is located in the annular sleeve formed by the pod 50; on the one hand, kuppe 50 can protect circulating fan 51, and on the other hand, kuppe 50 will form a directional flow around circulating fan 51, can strengthen the fluidic effective working distance of air current to the guarantee is located the work piece of furnace body bottom and can carries out the heat exchange, further reduces and is located the furnace body, the work piece difference in temperature of upper portion and lower part.

Referring to fig. 3, in order to increase the air return area of the circulating fan 51 to reduce the operating energy consumption of the fan, a plurality of air return holes 4022 are formed in the second mounting plate 403, and the air return holes 4022 are distributed around the through holes 4021; when the discharge area of the circulation fan 51 is constant, the larger the return air area is, the better the suction effect of the circulation fan 51 is, and the smaller the ineffective loss of the power of the circulation fan 51 is.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the annealing cooling device includes a blower 200, an induced draft tube 2011, a water tank 300, a bypass pipe 3012 and a gas-liquid spray pipe 301, the blower 200 is disposed outside the furnace body, one end of the induced draft tube 2011 is connected to an air outlet of the blower 200, and the other end of the induced draft tube 2011 penetrates through the furnace lining 10 and extends into the accommodating space 100.

Further, the annealing cooling device further comprises a pressure collection box 20, the pressure collection box 20 is a hollow sealed box body, air inlet holes are formed in the wall surface of the pressure collection box 20, and the air inlet holes are communicated with the induced draft pipe 2011; the pressure collection box 20 is further provided with a plurality of jet pipes 202, one end of each jet pipe 202 is communicated with the inside of the pressure collection box, and the other end of each jet pipe 202 penetrates through the furnace lining 10 and extends into the accommodating space 100.

Furthermore, the induced duct 2011 includes a first branch pipe 201 and a second branch pipe 2001, the end portions of the first branch pipe 201 and the second branch pipe 2001 are respectively connected to one pressure collecting box 20, the two pressure collecting boxes 20 are respectively disposed on two sides of the furnace body, and the jet pipes 202 on the two pressure collecting boxes 20 both penetrate through the furnace lining 10 and extend into the accommodating space 100, and are disposed oppositely.

It explains that, through adopting pressure collection box 20 to set up, can convert single induced duct 2011 air inlet into a plurality of efflux pipe 202 array air inlets, array air inlet can cover the furnace body inside, with the even cooling to the work piece of cooling air to improve the stability of cooling process.

Referring to fig. 6, the jet pipe 202 comprises a one-way check valve plate 203, and the one-way check valve plate 203 is arranged in the jet pipe 202; the one-way check valve plate 203 is provided with a rotating shaft 208, the rotating shaft 208 is arranged on the center of the valve plate, and two ends of the rotating shaft 208 are fixed on the inner wall of the jet pipe 202. The jet pipe 202 is provided with a first limiting block 204 and a second limiting block 205 on the inner wall, the first limiting block 204 is opposite to the second limiting block 205, and the first limiting block 204 and the second limiting block 205 are respectively positioned at two sides of the one-way check valve plate 203. Thereby ensuring that the one-way check valve plate 203 is supported in two directions. It should be noted that the purpose of the one-way check valve plate 203 is to ensure that the air flow is transmitted into the furnace from the fan 200 side, and at the same time, to prevent the air in the furnace from leaking out through the jet pipe 202 when the pressure in the furnace is greater than the pressure outside the furnace, so that the fan 200 and other devices are damaged by the high-temperature air flow.

Further, a first containing groove 206 and a second containing groove 207 are formed on the inner wall of the jet pipe 202, the first containing groove 206 and the second containing groove 207 both have an arc-shaped lead end 2021 and a butting end 2022, the first containing groove 206 and the second containing groove 207 are arranged oppositely, and the first containing groove 206 and the second containing groove 207 are respectively used for containing and butting against two end portions of the one-way check valve plate 203; the first limiting block 204 and the second limiting block 205 are respectively installed in the first accommodating groove 206 and the second accommodating groove 207; the arrangement direction of the lead end 2021 of the first accommodating groove 206 is opposite to the arrangement direction of the lead end 2021 of the second accommodating groove 207. It should be noted that the first receiving groove 206 and the second receiving groove 207 are provided for the purpose of installing the first limiting block 204 and the second limiting block 205 in the first receiving groove 206 and the second receiving groove 207, so that on one hand, the first limiting block 204 and the second limiting block 205 are prevented from being dropped or worn by being impacted for a long time in the air jet process; on the other hand, the first limiting block 204 and the second limiting block 205 are arranged on the inner wall of the jet pipe 202 in a protruding mode, so that air circulation is prevented from being blocked, and dust and dirt are deposited in a flow dead zone under the long-term action, so that the jet pipe 202 is prevented from being blocked.

One end of the gas-liquid spray pipe 301 is connected with an air outlet of the fan 200, the other end of the gas-liquid spray pipe passes through the furnace lining 10 and extends into the accommodating space 100, one end of the by-pass pipe 3012 is communicated with the gas-liquid spray pipe 301, and the other end of the by-pass pipe 3012 is connected with the water tank 300; the tail end of the gas-liquid spraying pipe 301 is provided with a spray head 30, and the spray head 30 is provided with a plurality of spraying holes, so that a gas-liquid mixture is uniformly sprayed onto a workpiece to be annealed; it should be noted that the bypass pipe 3012 is added to aim at reducing the pressure of the air flow flowing through the area under the blast action of the blower 200, so that the liquid in the water tank 300 is sucked through the bypass pipe 3012 and mixed with the air, and the mixed liquid is jetted onto the workpiece through the spraying holes at the tail end of the gas-liquid spraying pipe 301.

Further, the furnace body further comprises a pressure relief device, the pressure relief device comprises a pressure relief pipe 70, as shown in fig. 1, one end of the pressure relief pipe 70 extends into the accommodating space 100, and the other end of the pressure relief pipe is arranged outside the furnace body.

In summary, the following steps:

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An annealing apparatus, comprising:

2. An annealing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the annealing cooling device also comprises a pressure collection box, the pressure collection box is a hollow sealed box body, the wall surface of the pressure collection box is provided with an air inlet hole, and the air inlet hole is communicated with the induced draft pipe; the pressure collection box is also provided with a plurality of jet pipes, one end of each jet pipe is communicated with the inside of the pressure collection box, and the other end of each jet pipe penetrates through the furnace lining and extends into the containing space.

3. An annealing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: the induced draft pipe comprises a first branch pipe and a second branch pipe, the end parts of the first branch pipe and the second branch pipe are respectively connected with one pressure collecting box, the two pressure collecting boxes are respectively arranged at two sides of the furnace body, and the jet pipes on the two pressure collecting boxes penetrate through the furnace lining and extend into the accommodating space and are oppositely arranged.

4. An annealing apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that: the jet pipe comprises a one-way check valve plate, and the one-way check valve plate is arranged in the jet pipe; the one-way check valve is provided with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is arranged on the center of the valve plate, and two ends of the rotating shaft are fixed on the inner wall of the jet pipe.

5. An annealing apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: the jet pipe is characterized in that a first limiting block and a second limiting block are installed on the inner wall of the jet pipe, the first limiting block and the second limiting block are arranged oppositely, and the first limiting block and the second limiting block are respectively located on two sides of the one-way check valve block.

6. An annealing apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that: a first containing groove and a second containing groove are formed in the inner wall of the jet pipe, the first containing groove and the second containing groove are respectively provided with an arc-shaped lead end and a butting end, the first containing groove and the second containing groove are arranged oppositely, and the first containing groove and the second containing groove are respectively used for containing and butting two end parts of the one-way check valve plate; the first limiting block and the second limiting block are respectively arranged in the first accommodating groove and the second accommodating groove; the lead connecting end of the first accommodating groove is arranged in the direction opposite to that of the second accommodating groove.

7. An annealing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the circulating fan is provided with a wind return cover and a flow guide cover, the wind return cover and the flow guide cover are fixedly installed, and the wind return cover is arranged at the upper part of the flow guide cover;

8. An annealing apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that: a plurality of air return holes are formed in the second mounting plate, and the air return holes are distributed around the through holes.

9. An annealing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the tail end of the gas-liquid spray pipe is provided with a spray head, and the spray head is provided with a plurality of spray holes.

10. An annealing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the furnace body still includes pressure relief device, pressure relief device includes the pressure release pipe, pressure release pipe one end stretches into in the accommodation space, the other end set up in outside the furnace body.