CN212931157U - Backwashing device for fan cooler of sewage treatment plant - Google Patents
Backwashing device for fan cooler of sewage treatment plant Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN212931157U CN212931157U CN202022682267.7U CN202022682267U CN212931157U CN 212931157 U CN212931157 U CN 212931157U CN 202022682267 U CN202022682267 U CN 202022682267U CN 212931157 U CN212931157 U CN 212931157U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- backwashing
- pipeline
- electromagnetic valve
- branch
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Landscapes
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of water quality purification equipment, and provides a backwashing device for a fan cooler of a sewage treatment plant, wherein a first solenoid valve is arranged on an inlet water pipeline, a second solenoid valve is arranged on an outlet water pipeline, a backwashing first branch is communicated with the water outlet end of the first solenoid valve and the water outlet end of the second solenoid valve, a backwashing second branch is communicated with the water inlet end of the first solenoid valve and the water inlet end of the second solenoid valve, a third solenoid valve is arranged on the backwashing first branch, and a fourth solenoid valve is arranged on the backwashing second branch; a first pressure gauge is arranged on the water inlet pipeline, and a second pressure gauge is arranged on the water outlet pipeline; the automatic control module collects the pressure data of the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge in real time, controls the back washing pipeline to be opened or closed according to the data analysis result, is favorable for realizing the real-time automatic detection of the blockage condition of the cooler by utilizing the pressure data of the pipeline, automatically controls the back washing device to be opened or closed, timely cleans the cooler and ensures the normal operation of the fan.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a water purification equipment's technical field, more specifically say, relate to a sewage treatment plant fan cooler back flush device.
Background
Aeration or agitation of sewage in a sewage treatment plant is usually achieved by discharging air from a blower, which is generally equipped with a water-cooled cooler to meet the heat dissipation requirements of the blower. In order to save water and realize sewage recycling, the cooling water for cooling usually adopts reclaimed water, and impurities in the reclaimed water easily block the cooler in the cooling circulation process, so that the cooler needs to be frequently disassembled for clearing, the fan needs to be frequently shut down, the process of disassembling and assembling the cooler each time is complicated, great manpower needs to be consumed, and the frequent shutdown also has serious influence on the production efficiency; therefore, a backwashing device is often added to the cooler, and the dirt in the cooler is cleaned in a backwashing mode, so that the labor cost is greatly saved, and the production efficiency is guaranteed. The conventional backwashing device usually depends on manual work to open the valve regularly through experience to perform backwashing operation, and the phenomenon that the temperature of oil is too high due to the fact that the backwashing device is not opened timely when a cooler is blocked often occurs, and normal operation of a fan is affected. Therefore, it is necessary to design a device capable of automatically detecting the blockage of the cooler in real time and automatically controlling the start of the backwashing operation.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a sewage treatment plant fan cooler back flush unit, aim at solving prior art, back flush unit often relies on the manual work to rely on the experience to carry out the periodic opening valve, carries out the back flush operation, can't in time solve the cooler and block up to influence the technical problem of fan normal operating.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a sewage treatment plant fan cooler back flush device, including connecting water inlet pipeline and the outlet pipe way on the cooler protecgulum, still include:
the backwashing device comprises a backwashing pipeline, a water inlet pipeline and a backwashing pipeline, wherein the backwashing pipeline comprises a first backwashing branch and a second backwashing branch, a first electromagnetic valve is installed on the water inlet pipeline, a second electromagnetic valve is installed on the water outlet pipeline, the first backwashing branch is communicated with the water outlet end of the first electromagnetic valve and the water outlet end of the second electromagnetic valve, the second backwashing branch is communicated with the water inlet end of the first electromagnetic valve and the water inlet end of the second electromagnetic valve, a third electromagnetic valve is installed on the first backwashing branch, and a fourth electromagnetic valve is installed on the second backwashing branch;
the pressure detection module comprises a first pressure gauge arranged on the water inlet pipeline and positioned in front of the water inlet end of the first electromagnetic valve, and a second pressure gauge arranged on the water outlet pipeline and positioned behind the water outlet end of the second electromagnetic valve;
the automatic control module comprises a data acquisition module and a control module, the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the pressure data information of the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge in real time, and feeds the pressure data information back to the control module, the control module is used for receiving the pressure data information and analyzing and processing the pressure data information to obtain an automatic control decision, controlling the third solenoid valve and the fourth solenoid valve to be opened according to the automatic control decision, and the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve to be closed to open the backwashing first branch and the backwashing second branch, or controlling the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve to open according to the automatic control decision, and the third electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve are closed to close the backwashing first branch and the backwashing second branch.
Further, a water pump is installed on the water inlet pipeline.
Furthermore, an overflow branch is arranged at the rear end of the water pump on the water inlet pipeline, and an overflow valve is arranged on the overflow branch.
Furthermore, manual isolation valves are arranged in front of and behind the overflow valve.
Furthermore, the water inlet pipeline and the water outlet pipeline are respectively provided with a one-way valve.
The utility model provides a sewage treatment plant fan cooler back flush device's beneficial effect lies in: compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses a back flush device of sewage treatment plant fan cooler includes the back flush pipeline, including back flush first branch road and back flush second branch road, install first solenoid valve on the oral siphon road, install the second solenoid valve on the play water pipeline, back flush first branch road intercommunication first solenoid valve's the play water end and the play water end of second solenoid valve, back flush second branch road intercommunication first solenoid valve's the oral siphon end and the oral siphon end of second solenoid valve, back flush first branch road is installed the third solenoid valve, back flush second branch road is installed the fourth solenoid valve; the pressure detection module comprises a first pressure gauge arranged on the water inlet pipeline and positioned in front of the water inlet end of the first electromagnetic valve, and a second pressure gauge arranged on the water outlet pipeline and positioned behind the water outlet end of the second electromagnetic valve; the automatic control module comprises a data acquisition module and a control module, the data acquisition module is used for acquiring pressure data information of the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge in real time and feeding the pressure data information back to the control module, the control module is used for receiving the pressure data information, analyzing and processing the pressure data information to obtain an automatic control decision, and each electromagnetic valve is controlled according to the automatic control decision to control the opening or closing of the backwashing first branch and the backwashing second branch. By utilizing the characteristic that the pressure difference value between the water inlet pipeline and the water outlet pipeline changes when the interior of the cooler is blocked, the automatic control module acquires pressure data information on the pipelines in real time and analyzes the data to judge whether the backwashing device needs to be started or not, so that the real-time automatic detection of the blockage condition of the cooler is favorably realized, the backwashing device is automatically controlled to be started or closed, the cooler can be cleaned more timely, and the normal operation of a fan is ensured.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained without inventive work, and in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a back washing device of a fan cooler of a sewage treatment plant in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a honeycomb duct at the end cap of the cooler of fig. 1.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a water inlet pipeline; 11. a first solenoid valve; 12. a first pressure gauge; 13. a water pump; 14. an overflow valve; 2. a water outlet pipeline; 21. a second solenoid valve; 22. a second pressure gauge; 3. backwashing the first branch; 31. a third electromagnetic valve; 4. backwashing the second branch; 41. a fourth solenoid valve; 5. an automatic control module; 6. a cooler; 7. a one-way valve.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The following embodiments with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "front", "back", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit to a number of indicated technical features. Thus, features defined as "first", "second", "third", "fourth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "communicating" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning mechanically or electrically connected; the connection may be direct, indirect or internal, or may be a connection between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the utility model discloses a back flush unit mainly is applicable to the inside pipeline clearance of shell and tube cooler, as shown in figure 2, the honeycomb pipeline mouth of shell and tube cooler end cover department often takes place the place of jam easily, of course as required, also can be applicable to other similar type's cooler or heat exchanger, only uses the application scene of shell and tube cooler as the illustration in the following embodiment, does not do the only restriction.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the backwashing device of the fan cooler of the sewage treatment plant includes a water inlet pipeline 1 and a water outlet pipeline 2 connected to a front cover of the cooler 6, and further includes a backwashing pipeline, the backwashing pipeline includes a backwashing first branch 3 and a backwashing second branch 4, the water inlet pipeline 1 is provided with a first electromagnetic valve 11, the water outlet pipeline 2 is provided with a second electromagnetic valve 21, the backwashing first branch 3 is communicated with a water outlet end of the first electromagnetic valve 11 and a water outlet end of the second electromagnetic valve 21, the backwashing second branch 4 is communicated with a water inlet end of the first electromagnetic valve 11 and a water inlet end of the second electromagnetic valve 21, the backwashing first branch 3 is provided with a third electromagnetic valve 31, and the backwashing second branch 4 is provided with a fourth electromagnetic valve 41; the pressure detection module comprises a first pressure gauge 12 arranged on the water inlet pipeline 1 and positioned in front of the water inlet end of the first electromagnetic valve 11, and a second pressure gauge 22 arranged on the water outlet pipeline 2 and positioned behind the water outlet end of the second electromagnetic valve 21; the automatic control module 5 comprises a data acquisition module and a control module, the data acquisition module is used for acquiring pressure data information of the first pressure gauge 12 and the second pressure gauge 22 in real time and feeding the pressure data information back to the control module, the control module is used for receiving the pressure data information and analyzing and processing the pressure data information to obtain an automatic control decision, and the third electromagnetic valve 31 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 41 are controlled to be opened according to the automatic control decision, and the first electromagnetic valve 11 and the second electromagnetic valve 21 are closed to open the backwashing first branch 3 and the backwashing second branch 4, or the first electromagnetic valve 11 and the second electromagnetic valve 21 are controlled to be opened according to the automatic control decision, and the third electromagnetic valve 31 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 41 are closed to close the backwashing first branch 3 and the backwashing second branch 4.
Specifically, in the above embodiment, in the normal operation state of the pipeline, the back-flushing first branch 3 and the back-flushing second branch 4 do not function, that is, the first electromagnetic valve 11 and the second electromagnetic valve 21 are kept in the open state, and the third electromagnetic valve 31 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 41 are kept in the closed state, at this time, the cooling water enters the cooler 6 from the water inlet pipeline 1, cools the oil temperature inside the cooler 6 and then flows out through the water outlet pipeline 2, and the tail end of the water outlet pipeline 2 is discharged to the sewage treatment tank.
When the data acquisition module in the pipeline cooperates with the control module to judge that the interior of the cooler 6 is blocked, the control module automatically controls the back flushing pipeline to be opened, namely, the third electromagnetic valve 31 and the fourth electromagnetic valve 41 are controlled to be opened, the first electromagnetic valve 11 and the second electromagnetic valve 21 are closed, at the moment, cooling water enters from the water inlet pipeline 1, flows through the fourth electromagnetic valve 41, enters the cooler 6 from the upper pipeline (the water outlet pipeline 2 in a normal state), and after the pipeline in the cooler 6 is reversely flushed, the flushed water flows out of the cooler 6 from the lower pipeline (the water inlet pipeline 1 in a normal state), and is discharged from the water outlet pipeline 2 after passing through the third electromagnetic valve 31, and sewage with dirt after the reverse flushing is discharged to the sewage treatment tank through the tail end of the water outlet pipeline 2. Preferably, the time of the back flush can be preset in the system, and when the back flush reaches the preset time, the control module automatically closes the back flush pipeline and switches the back flush pipeline to a normal water cooling pipeline. Preferably, in order to enhance the back washing effect, the back washing operation and the forward cooling operation can be preset to be performed alternately, and after a set time, the control module controls the back washing pipeline to be closed and switched to a normal water cooling pipeline.
The back washing device of the blower cooler of the sewage treatment plant of the embodiment utilizes the characteristic that the pressure difference value between the water inlet pipeline 1 and the water outlet pipeline 2 changes when the inside of the cooler 6 is blocked, the data acquisition module in the automatic control module 5 acquires the pressure data information on the pipelines in real time, the control module analyzes the data to judge whether the back washing device needs to be started, when the pressure difference value exceeds the preset numerical range, the control module automatically controls the back washing pipeline to be started for back washing operation, when the back washing operation reaches the preset time, the control module automatically closes the back washing pipeline and switches to a normal water cooling pipeline, thereby being beneficial to realizing the real-time automatic detection of the blockage condition of the inside pipeline of the cooler 6, automatically controlling the back washing device to be started or closed, and being capable of more timely cleaning the inside pipeline of the cooler 6, the cooling effect is ensured, and the normal operation of the fan is ensured.
Pressure gauges are respectively arranged on the water inlet pipeline 1 and the water outlet pipeline 2 of the cooler 6, whether the internal pipeline of the cooler 6 is blocked and the serious condition of the blockage are judged according to the numerical difference value of the two pressure gauges, and compared with other blockage condition judgment methods, the method is more accurate. For example, most existing backwashing pipelines judge the blockage condition inside the cooler 6 through the temperature difference between the water inlet pipeline 1 and the water outlet pipeline 2, and the temperature difference has more influence factors, such as the fault of the fan itself, the influence of the seasonal change on the medium temperature, and the like, can influence the temperature difference between the water inlet pipeline 1 and the water outlet pipeline 2, so that more errors can be caused if the blockage is judged and the backwashing operation is started through the temperature difference. And the direct influence of the blocked pipeline of the cooler 6 is the pressure difference value in the pipeline, so that the blockage condition can be accurately judged by directly detecting the pressure difference value change in the pipeline to judge whether the pipeline is blocked or not, and the backwashing pipeline is opened in time to clean in time, thereby being beneficial to improving the backwashing efficiency and ensuring the effective operation of the fan. Of course, according to actual needs, thermometers may be installed on the water inlet pipeline 1 and the water outlet pipeline 2, the automatic control module 5 detects the pressure difference value change and the temperature difference value change in the pipelines at the same time, preset pressure difference value determination conditions and temperature difference value determination conditions, and when one of the two conditions is detected to exceed a preset difference value range, the back flushing pipeline is automatically opened.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a water pump 13 is attached to the water inlet pipe 1.
The water inlet pipeline 1 is provided with a water pump 13 to provide normal pressure difference between the water inlet pipeline 1 and the water outlet pipeline 2, so that cooling water can smoothly flow into the cooler 6 from the water inlet pipeline 1 and flow out from the water outlet pipeline 2 after passing through the internal pipeline of the cooler 6.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, an overflow branch is disposed at the rear end of the water pump 13 on the water inlet pipeline 1, and an overflow valve 14 is disposed on the overflow branch.
In particular, when the back flushing pipeline is automatically opened or closed, if the relevant electromagnetic valve is in failure, if the solenoid valve which needs to be opened firstly is rejected due to the foreign matters entering the valve body and the like, meanwhile, when the valve to be closed is normally closed, the pressure difference value inside the pipeline changes reversely, the reflux condition can occur in the pipeline, and the water pump 13 is damaged once the backflow occurs, causing a malfunction of the entire pipe, in order to prevent a situation similar to the aforementioned backflow from occurring on the water inlet pipe 1, an overflow branch is arranged at the rear end of the water pump 13 on the water inlet pipeline 1, an overflow valve 14 is arranged on the overflow branch, the arrangement of the overflow valve 14 can lead the pipeline to have a backflow condition, the overflow operation is automatically performed before the water flows back into the water pump 13, and the backflow water is discharged from the overflow branch, so that the water pump 13 is protected.
In another embodiment, manual isolation valves are provided before and after the excess flow valve 14.
Preferably, manual isolation valves are arranged in front of and behind the overflow valve 14, and when the overflow valve 14 fails, the manual isolation valves are closed to perform maintenance operation of the overflow valve 14.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the water inlet pipeline 1 and the water outlet pipeline 2 are further provided with a check valve 7 respectively.
Specifically, during normal operation, the water inlet pipeline 1 and the water outlet pipeline 2 are both one-way pipelines, and in order to prevent the backflow of the water inlet pipeline 1 and the water outlet pipeline 2, for example, after the water pump 13 is overhauled, the water pump 13 is connected reversely due to misoperation, and the backflow occurs, the one-way valve 7 can be installed on the main pipelines of the water inlet pipeline 1 and the water outlet pipeline 2, so as to ensure the one-way flow of cooling water in the water inlet pipeline 1 and the water outlet pipeline 2.
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention, as any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a sewage treatment plant fan cooler back flush unit, is including connecting into water pipeline and the outlet conduit on the cooler protecgulum, its characterized in that still includes:
the backwashing device comprises a backwashing pipeline, a water inlet pipeline and a backwashing pipeline, wherein the backwashing pipeline comprises a first backwashing branch and a second backwashing branch, a first electromagnetic valve is installed on the water inlet pipeline, a second electromagnetic valve is installed on the water outlet pipeline, the first backwashing branch is communicated with the water outlet end of the first electromagnetic valve and the water outlet end of the second electromagnetic valve, the second backwashing branch is communicated with the water inlet end of the first electromagnetic valve and the water inlet end of the second electromagnetic valve, a third electromagnetic valve is installed on the first backwashing branch, and a fourth electromagnetic valve is installed on the second backwashing branch;
the pressure detection module comprises a first pressure gauge arranged on the water inlet pipeline and positioned in front of the water inlet end of the first electromagnetic valve, and a second pressure gauge arranged on the water outlet pipeline and positioned behind the water outlet end of the second electromagnetic valve;
the automatic control module comprises a data acquisition module and a control module, the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the pressure data information of the first pressure gauge and the second pressure gauge in real time, and feeds the pressure data information back to the control module, the control module is used for receiving the pressure data information and analyzing and processing the pressure data information to obtain an automatic control decision, controlling the third electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve to be opened and the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve to be closed according to the automatic control decision so as to open the backwashing first branch and the backwashing second branch, or controlling the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve to open according to the automatic control decision, and the third electromagnetic valve and the fourth electromagnetic valve are closed to close the backwashing first branch and the backwashing second branch.
2. The sewage treatment plant fan cooler backwash device according to claim 1, wherein a water pump is installed on the water inlet line.
3. The backwashing device for fan coolers of a sewage treatment plant according to claim 2, wherein an overflow branch is arranged on the water inlet pipeline at the rear end of the water pump, and an overflow valve is arranged on the overflow branch.
4. The sewage treatment plant fan cooler backwash device according to claim 3, wherein a manual isolation valve is provided in front of and behind the overflow valve.
5. The sewage treatment plant fan cooler backwash device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe are further provided with a check valve respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022682267.7U CN212931157U (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2020-11-19 | Backwashing device for fan cooler of sewage treatment plant |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022682267.7U CN212931157U (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2020-11-19 | Backwashing device for fan cooler of sewage treatment plant |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN212931157U true CN212931157U (en) | 2021-04-09 |
Family
ID=75311860
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022682267.7U Active CN212931157U (en) | 2020-11-19 | 2020-11-19 | Backwashing device for fan cooler of sewage treatment plant |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN212931157U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023010692A1 (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2023-02-09 | 山东日照发电有限公司 | Disassembly-free backflushing structure, and closed radiator |
-
2020
- 2020-11-19 CN CN202022682267.7U patent/CN212931157U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023010692A1 (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2023-02-09 | 山东日照发电有限公司 | Disassembly-free backflushing structure, and closed radiator |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN212931157U (en) | Backwashing device for fan cooler of sewage treatment plant | |
| US20200180988A1 (en) | Water system having uv function and method for controlling same | |
| CN201885472U (en) | Printing and dyeing wastewater heat energy recovery system | |
| CN111035978A (en) | Condenser circulating water pipe secondary filter screen control device and operation method thereof | |
| CN111121504A (en) | Anti-scaling and anti-blocking device for plate heat exchanger | |
| CN201607162U (en) | Plate-type heat exchanger device capable of automatically reversely washing on line | |
| CN205066558U (en) | Condensation device's self -cleaning device | |
| CN112546696A (en) | Cooling water scrubbing device | |
| CN104785001A (en) | Liquid filtering device | |
| CN209348234U (en) | A kind of shield outer circulation water filter blocking alarm and strainer self-cleaning system | |
| CN101451642B (en) | Emission reduction filter tube connection device and emission reduction method | |
| CN210769293U (en) | Mechanical seal cooling system of marine twin-screw pump | |
| CN210375542U (en) | Filter leak detection device | |
| CN219200183U (en) | Shell-and-tube type marine heat exchanger with automatic flushing function | |
| JP2022024587A (en) | Strainer washing system | |
| CN217635878U (en) | Intelligent flow dividing device for building heating and ventilation pipeline | |
| CN112665449A (en) | Full-automatic self-cleaning plate type heat exchange device and cleaning control method | |
| JP2008025367A (en) | Engine cooling device and cooling water exchanging method of engine cooling device | |
| CN218076663U (en) | Quick cleaning and recycling device for pipeline filter of refrigerating machine | |
| CN111102475A (en) | Smoke machine equipment drainage pipeline state detection and early warning system | |
| CN219934700U (en) | Cooling circulating water temperature control device | |
| CN216694645U (en) | Online back flushing device of pipe-pass circulating water cooler | |
| CN214008123U (en) | Anti-blocking sewage valve | |
| CN214597647U (en) | Y type filter convenient to wash | |
| CN211855047U (en) | Back flushing mechanism |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |