CN212848265U - Sleeve resistance-changing sliding compression type high-capacity arc-extinguishing circuit breaker and circuit breaking device - Google Patents

Sleeve resistance-changing sliding compression type high-capacity arc-extinguishing circuit breaker and circuit breaking device Download PDF

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CN212848265U
CN212848265U CN202021210017.7U CN202021210017U CN212848265U CN 212848265 U CN212848265 U CN 212848265U CN 202021210017 U CN202021210017 U CN 202021210017U CN 212848265 U CN212848265 U CN 212848265U
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insulating rod
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moving contact
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张健
张京伦
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a sleeve varistor slip oppression formula large capacity arc extinguishing circuit breaker and circuit breaker. The utility model aims at providing a simple structure, preparation convenience, safe and reliable's sleeve varistor slip oppression formula large capacity arc extinguishing circuit breaker and circuit breaker. The technical scheme of the utility model is that: the utility model provides a sleeve varistor slip oppression formula large capacity arc extinguishing circuit breaker which characterized in that has: static contact; the resistance value between the moving contact and the static contact is 0 when the power grid is normal; and the transition unit can be used for connecting a resistor between the static contact and the moving contact when the power grid is in short circuit, the resistance value of the resistor is gradually increased from 0, and the static contact and the moving contact are disconnected after the resistance value of the resistor reaches a certain value. The utility model is suitable for a high voltage electrical equipment makes the field in the electric power system.

Description

Sleeve resistance-changing sliding compression type high-capacity arc-extinguishing circuit breaker and circuit breaking device
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a sleeve varistor slip oppression formula large capacity arc extinguishing circuit breaker and circuit breaker. The method is suitable for the field of manufacturing of high-voltage electrical equipment in an electric power system.
Background
The high-voltage circuit breaker is a special switch device for breaking or connecting circuit, it has the ability of arc extinction under heavy current, not only can break or connect load current under normal condition, but also can break or connect short-circuit current under the action of protective device when short-circuit fault occurs.
With the rapid development of power systems, the level of short-circuit current increases rapidly, and the interruption capacity of the original switch device cannot meet the requirement. The short-circuit current of the power system is also getting larger and larger, and especially after the short-circuit current of the 500kV transformer substation is sharply increased, the breaking capacity of the equipment installed in the transformer substation is insufficient. The 500kV short-circuit current of the power grid company prospect can reach 80kV, the 220kV system short-circuit current can exceed 100kA, and the maximum 63kA breaking capacity of the domestic maximum breaking capacity circuit breaker is exceeded. The breaker parallel technology can improve the breaking capacity of the breaker by times. The breaking capacity of the circuit breaker is improved in a parallel connection mode of the arc extinguish chambers, but the circuit breaker is directly connected in parallel, the problem of different operation phases exists, and the problem of overlarge short-circuit current cannot be solved.
At present, the commonly used sulfur hexafluoride circuit breaker is to utilize sulfur hexafluoride (SF)6) Circuit breaker using gas as arc extinguishing medium and insulating medium, abbreviated as SF6A circuit breaker. The sulfur hexafluoride is used as an arc extinguishing medium in the circuit breaker beginning in the 50 th century of 20 th, and due to the excellent characteristics of the gas, the single fracture of the circuit breaker is greatly higher than that of a compressed air circuit breaker and a low-oil circuit breaker in the aspects of voltage and current parameters, and in the 60-70 th of 20 th century, SF6Circuit breakers have been widely used in ultra-high voltage, high capacity power systems. SF6The gas is extremely harmful to the environment, and the ozone layer damage capability of the gas to the atmosphere is 29000 times that of CO2, so that SF6The circuit breaker needs to be paired with SF6The application, management and operation of gases are all subject to strict requirements.
SF6The circuit breaker is one of the most excellent arc extinguishing and insulating media used in the existing switching appliances, and has the characteristics of no color, no smell, no toxicity, no easy combustion and the like. SF6 gas is 5.135 times heavier than air and below 150 deg.C6Has good chemical stability and does not have chemical action with metal, plastic and other materials commonly used in the circuit breaker.
SF6The gas can generate virulent additional gas through arc dissociation of the melon, and has great influence on the atmospheric environment. SF6The density of the gas is about five times that of air, and SF6 gas, if leaked, will tend to deposit in depressions such as cable ducts. Excessive concentrations present a choking hazard and are considered in the design of indoor ventilation units. The problem is serious in that SF is applied under the action of high-voltage electric arc6Decomposed products of (e.g. SF)4、S2F2、SF2、SOF2、SO2F2、SO2F4And HF, etc., which are both highly corrosive and toxic.
Moreover, SF of 500kV voltage class is available6The maximum breaking capacity of the circuit breaker is 80kA, but the requirement of the current power grid reaches 110 kA-120 kA, and the requirement of short-circuit current of a new large-scale power grid cannot be met, so that the development of a circuit breaker device with the breaking capacity of more than 100kA and the large breaking short-circuit current capacity of 500kV voltage class and above is urgently needed.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is: aiming at the existing problems, the sleeve resistance-variable sliding compression type high-capacity arc-extinguishing circuit breaker and the circuit breaking device are simple in structure, convenient to manufacture, safe and reliable.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal that: the utility model provides a sleeve varistor slip oppression formula large capacity arc extinguishing circuit breaker which characterized in that has:
static contact;
the resistance value between the moving contact and the static contact is 0 when the power grid is normal;
and the transition unit can be used for connecting a resistor between the static contact and the moving contact when the power grid is in short circuit, the resistance value of the resistor is gradually increased from 0, and the static contact and the moving contact are disconnected after the resistance value of the resistor reaches a certain value.
The transition unit is provided with an insulating rod, a resistance wire and an operating mechanism;
the insulating rod is divided into an insulating section at the upper end and a resistor section at the lower end, wherein a thread-shaped groove wound on the insulating rod is formed in the side wall of the resistor section, a resistance wire is embedded in the groove, and the surface of the resistance wire is flush with the side wall of the insulating rod;
the static contact is sleeved and fixed at the lower end of the insulating rod and is connected with the resistance wire on the insulating rod in an electric conduction manner;
the movable contact can move axially along the insulating rod and is sleeved on the insulating rod, the movable contact is provided with a conductive sleeve coaxially sleeved on the insulating rod, the lower end of the conductive sleeve is fixedly provided with a circle of contact ring coaxially sleeved on the insulating rod and capable of contacting with the static contact below to conduct electricity, a circle of arc extinguishing ring coaxially sleeved on the insulating rod is manufactured in the contact ring, and the inner wall of the conductive sleeve is provided with a contact mechanism capable of contacting with a resistance wire on the insulating rod to conduct electricity;
the operating mechanism is connected with the moving contact and is used for driving the moving contact to move along the axial direction of the insulating rod.
When the power grid is normal, a conductive sleeve in the movable contact is directly conducted with the fixed contact through the contact ring;
when the power grid has a short-circuit fault, the operating mechanism drives the moving contact to move in the direction away from the static contact along the axial direction of the insulating rod, a contact ring in the moving contact is separated from the static contact, a conductive sleeve in the moving contact is directly conducted with the static contact through the contact mechanism and a resistance wire, and the resistance value of the resistance wire connected between the conductive sleeve and the static contact is gradually increased along with the movement of the moving contact; after the operating mechanism drives the moving contact to move to the insulating section of the insulating rod, the contact mechanism on the conductive sleeve only contacts the side wall of the insulating rod, and the conductive sleeve and the static contact are disconnected.
The contact mechanism is provided with a plurality of balls which are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the conductive sleeve, the balls are arranged in a mounting hole on the inner wall of the conductive sleeve, and a copper wire spring which is used for pushing the balls to the insulating rod to contact with the side wall of the insulating rod is arranged in the mounting hole.
The vacuum switch is provided with a vacuum cover body, and the insulating rod, the static contact and the moving contact are all arranged in the vacuum cover body.
The vacuum cover is internally provided with a corrugated pipe, one end of the corrugated pipe is connected with one end in the vacuum cover, the other end of the corrugated pipe is connected with the moving contact through a sealing cover, and an operating pull rod between the moving contact and the operating mechanism is arranged in the corrugated pipe.
The insulating rod is a ceramic rod; the resistance wire is made of high-resistivity alloy wire, and the resistance value of the resistance wire on the insulating rod is 0.001-0.25 omega; the arc extinguishing ring material is high-temperature resistant ceramic such as aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide and the like or a polytetrafluoroethylene high-temperature resistant insulating material.
The inner wall of the arc extinguishing ring is provided with a plurality of holes for absorbing electric arcs.
The static contact comprises a spring type pressure electrode positioned at the upper end and a base positioned at the lower end.
A circuit interrupting device, comprising: the sleeve variable resistance sliding compression type high-capacity arc extinguishing breaker is provided with a plurality of sleeve variable resistance sliding compression type high-capacity arc extinguishing breakers which are connected in parallel or in series.
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses a transition unit inserts resistance toward between static contact and the moving contact when the electric wire netting breaks down, and the resistance of this resistance crescent, consumes the short circuit heavy current to make to open circuit between static contact and the moving contact after the resistance value of resistance increases to certain numerical value. The utility model discloses be different from current circuit breaker directly opens circuit behind the circuit short circuit, consume the influence of short-circuit current through the resistance that inserts the resistance crescent, because can not be completely synchronous on the separating brake time when avoiding current circuit breaker directly to open circuit, lead to the electric current to concentrate on the circuit breaker of certain back separating brake and cause the damage.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an insulating rod in example 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the connection between the stationary contact and the insulating rod in embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the connection between the movable contact and the insulating rod in embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the conductive sleeve of embodiment 1.
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the conductive sleeve of example 1
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the working state of embodiment 1.
Fig. 8 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the operating state of embodiment 1.
Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 2.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 3.
Fig. 11 is an equivalent circuit diagram of embodiment 3.
1. Static contact; 1-1, a base; 1-2, spring type pressure electrode; 2. a moving contact; 2-1, a conductive sleeve; 2-1-1, mounting holes; 2-1-2, a ball bearing; 2-2-3, copper wire spring; 2-2, a contact ring; 2-3, arc extinguishing ring; 3. an insulating rod; 3-1, a groove; 3-2, resistance wires; 4. operating the pull rod; 5. a connecting wire; 6. a vacuum hood; 7. a bellows.
Detailed Description
Example 1: the embodiment is a circuit breaker, and the circuit breaker is provided with dozens of hundreds of pairs of sleeve variable resistance sliding compression type large-capacity arc-extinguishing circuit breakers according to the condition of short-circuit current capacity of a power grid, and the circuit breakers meet the requirement of shunt capacity in a series or parallel mode.
The sleeve resistance-variable sliding compression type high-capacity arc-extinguishing circuit breaker in the embodiment is provided with a fixed contact, a moving contact and a transition unit, wherein the transition unit is provided with an insulating rod, a resistance wire and an operating mechanism.
In this embodiment, a thread-shaped groove wound around the insulating rod is formed in the side wall of the lower end of the insulating rod, a resistance wire is embedded in the groove, and the surface of the resistance wire is flush with the side wall of the insulating rod. In the embodiment, the resistance wire is positioned at the lower section of the insulating rod, the part of the insulating rod with the resistance wire is a resistance section, and the part of the insulating rod without the resistance wire is an insulating section.
The static contact has base and the spring pressure electrode that is located the base up end in this embodiment, and base and spring pressure electrode all coaxial suit are fixed in the insulator spindle lower extreme, and spring pressure electrode contacts and can electrically conduct with the resistance wire on the insulator spindle.
The moving contact is provided with a conductive sleeve, a contact ring and an arc extinguishing ring, wherein the conductive sleeve is coaxially sleeved on the insulating rod and can axially move back and forth along the insulating rod; the contact ring can be sleeved on the insulating rod in a reciprocating mode along the axial direction of the insulating rod and is fixed at the lower end of the conductive sleeve, and when the contact ring moves downwards to be in contact with the spring type pressure electrode on the static contact, the movable contact is directly conducted with the static contact; the inner wall of the arc extinguishing ring is provided with a plurality of holes for absorbing electric arcs, the arc extinguishing ring can be sleeved on the insulating rod along the axial direction of the insulating rod, and the arc extinguishing ring is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the contact ring.
In the embodiment, the contact mechanism is provided with a plurality of balls uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the conductive sleeve, the balls are arranged in the mounting holes on the inner wall of the conductive sleeve, and copper wire springs are arranged in the mounting holes and push the balls to the insulating rod so that the balls are in contact with the side wall of the insulating rod or resistance wires on the insulating rod.
In the embodiment, the moving contact is connected with the operating mechanism through the operating pull rod in a transmission manner, and the operating mechanism can drive the moving contact to move back and forth along the axial direction of the insulating rod.
In this embodiment, the insulating rod is made of a ceramic rod, the resistance wire is made of iron-nickel-chromium alloy wire or titanium or iron, chromium, aluminum and other alloy high-resistivity alloy wire, the resistance value of the resistance wire on each lead screw unit is 0.001 Ω -0.25 Ω, and the resistance wire selected by the sectional area of the resistance wire also meets the requirement of short-circuit current thermal stability (iron-chromium-aluminum alloy or titanium wire, typical model OCr27A17M 02).
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows:
when the power grid is normal, the contact rings on the moving contact and the fixed contact and the spring type pressure electrode are completely closed, namely the sleeve type electrode pair is completely connected, at the moment, the circuit breaker contact group unit is in a closing state, and the resistance is zero when the circuit breaker is closed.
When the power grid is in short circuit, the operating mechanism drives the moving contact to move upwards along the insulating rod to be separated from the fixed contact, when the moving contact moves to the middle position of the resistance section on the insulating rod, the moving contact is contacted with the resistance wire on the insulating rod through the contact mechanism, one section of the resistance wire is connected in series into the main circuit, the state is in a switching-off process at the moment, and the resistance value of the electrode is in a changing process from small to large in the switching-off process.
When the operating mechanism pulls the moving contact upwards to continue to move to the last turn position at the top end of the resistance wire, the resistance value of the resistance wire connected in series is at the maximum value, the moving contact and the static contact are continuously and upwards completely separated in electric connection, electric arcs can be generated when the contacts are separated, the arc is extinguished in a sliding pressure extinguishing mode of the arc extinguishing ring, the moving contact stops after moving to a set position L1, and an insulation interval d is formed, and the position is called as the opening state of the circuit breaker.
Example 2: the present embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1, and is different from embodiment 1 only in that in this embodiment, the insulating rod, the fixed contact, and the movable contact are all disposed in the vacuum cover body, the bellows is disposed in the vacuum cover body, one end of the bellows is connected to one end of the vacuum cover body, the other end of the bellows is connected to the movable contact through the sealing cover, and the operating rod between the movable contact and the operating mechanism is disposed in the bellows.
Example 3: the present embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 1 or embodiment 2, and is different in that in this embodiment, the insulating rod is divided into a plurality of sub-units along an axial direction thereof, each sub-unit is provided with a resistor section and an insulating section, each sub-unit is provided with a fixed contact and a movable contact, the fixed contact is sleeved and fixed at a lower end of the sub-unit, the movable contact is movably sleeved and installed on the sub-unit, the movable contact is electrically connected with the fixed contact on the adjacent sub-unit through a connection line, and the movable contacts on the insulating rod are connected with the operating mechanism. In this embodiment, the operating mechanism drives the moving contact to move for a short distance, so that a large resistor can be connected into the circuit.
A high-voltage circuit breaker device with the voltage class of 220kV and the open-short circuit current of 80kA is designed.
According to the design scheme, the on-off current is 80kA, the on-off short-circuit current of each branch circuit is designed to be 1500A, and the normal load current is designed to be 75A, so that the circuit breaker needs to be used
Figure BDA0002556240650000071
The disconnection capability can be realized only by connecting the branches in parallel.
And designing a vacuum sleeve type resistance electrode pair switch unit.
Designing the insulator spindle, getting the insulator spindle diameter and becoming 60mm for phi, the coiling rectangle resistance wire size is on the insulator spindle: area S4.2 mm 6mm 25.2mm2The resistance value of the resistor is 0.1 omega/m per meter.
The thread pitch of the insulating rod is processed to be 10mm, a resistance wire made of iron-chromium-aluminum model 1Cr13A14 or a titanium wire material is selected, the length of the resistance wire is 9cm, the length of the resistance wire is embedded into a ceramic column, 8 turns are wound on a lead screw, the length L of each turn is pi D3.14 x 6cm and approximately 18.8cm, and the resistance R of each turn is1Resistance R when 2 turns of 0.014 Ω20.028 Ω, and a resistance value at 8 turns which is a total resistance.
R8=8×0.188×0.075=0.112Ω
When one switching unit is 16 stages connected in series, the total resistance R to be applied is 0.112 × 16 to 1.792 Ω.
Design of insulation gap
Setting a space gap d generated after each sub-unit is stopped by the moving contact moving to the static contact of the upper sub-unit13cm, so that the total stroke length L of the operating rod is 3+ 9-11 cm, and after the screw rod moves 11cm, a gap distance of 3cm appears on each sub-unit, and when the distance is 16 grades, the total gap value is generated. The delta is 3 multiplied by 16 which is 48cm, and the gap value can meet the requirement that the insulation requirement of the 220kV high-voltage switch is met by keeping a gap of 15-20 cm in a common vacuum.
It can be seen from the above that the operating pull rod has an insulation stroke amplification effect, that is, the operating pull rod runs only 11cm, but generates a gap insulation distance with an actual length of 48cm, the achieved insulation effect generated by gap lengthening is very obvious, and the operating pull rod has an obvious operation advantage compared with the fracture distance of a 1:1 stroke gap in the traditional circuit breaker, so that the operating pull rod can greatly improve the action speed of the switch to shorten the on-off time of the circuit breaker.
If 16 sub-units are combined in series, then assembled into a vacuum glass sleeve, and an upper and a lower conducting rods and an upper and a lower corrugated pipes are arranged to form a basic shunt branch of the circuit breaker, wherein the sleeve type resistance electrode is opposite to the switch unit.
2.5 for the series of stages in multi-stage series, the insulation durability is determined by:
the length of 110kV is 20cm, and the series stage is 5 stages;
the length of 220kV is 30cm, and the series connection is 10 grades;
the length of 500kV is 50cm, and the series stage is 20 stages;
the air gap is 3 × 20 ═ 60cm
The problem of long insulation gap is solved by a multistage series connection method, the stroke amplification principle is adopted, when the stroke of an operating rod is 10cm, the generated gap can reach 50-60 cm, and favorable conditions are created for the relationship between the speed and the length of a pull rod and hydraulic pressure, and 30-60 cm of air gap can be generated within 10cm of the stroke to realize the rapidity of switching.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a sleeve varistor slip oppression formula large capacity arc extinguishing circuit breaker which characterized in that has:
static contact;
the resistance value between the moving contact and the static contact is 0 when the power grid is normal;
and the transition unit can be used for connecting a resistor between the static contact and the moving contact when the power grid is in short circuit, the resistance value of the resistor is gradually increased from 0, and the static contact and the moving contact are disconnected after the resistance value of the resistor reaches a certain value.
2. The bushing resistance-changing sliding compression type high-capacity arc extinguishing breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: the transition unit is provided with an insulating rod, a resistance wire and an operating mechanism;
the insulating rod is divided into an insulating section at the upper end and a resistor section at the lower end, wherein a thread-shaped groove wound on the insulating rod is formed in the side wall of the resistor section, a resistance wire is embedded in the groove, and the surface of the resistance wire is flush with the side wall of the insulating rod;
the static contact is sleeved and fixed at the lower end of the insulating rod and is connected with the resistance wire on the insulating rod in an electric conduction manner;
the movable contact can move axially along the insulating rod and is sleeved on the insulating rod, the movable contact is provided with a conductive sleeve coaxially sleeved on the insulating rod, the lower end of the conductive sleeve is fixedly provided with a circle of contact ring coaxially sleeved on the insulating rod and capable of contacting with the static contact below to conduct electricity, a circle of arc extinguishing ring coaxially sleeved on the insulating rod is manufactured in the contact ring, and the inner wall of the conductive sleeve is provided with a contact mechanism capable of contacting with a resistance wire on the insulating rod to conduct electricity;
the operating mechanism is connected with the moving contact and is used for driving the moving contact to move along the axial direction of the insulating rod.
3. The bushing resistance-changing sliding compression type high-capacity arc extinguishing breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that:
when the power grid is normal, a conductive sleeve in the movable contact is directly conducted with the fixed contact through the contact ring;
when the power grid has a short-circuit fault, the operating mechanism drives the moving contact to move in the direction away from the static contact along the axial direction of the insulating rod, a contact ring in the moving contact is separated from the static contact, a conductive sleeve in the moving contact is directly conducted with the static contact through the contact mechanism and a resistance wire, and the resistance value of the resistance wire connected between the conductive sleeve and the static contact is gradually increased along with the movement of the moving contact; after the operating mechanism drives the moving contact to move to the insulating section of the insulating rod, the contact mechanism on the conductive sleeve only contacts the side wall of the insulating rod, and the conductive sleeve and the static contact are disconnected.
4. The bushing resistance-changing sliding compression type high-capacity arc extinguishing breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: the contact mechanism is provided with a plurality of balls which are uniformly arranged on the inner wall of the conductive sleeve, the balls are arranged in a mounting hole on the inner wall of the conductive sleeve, and a copper wire spring which is used for pushing the balls to the insulating rod to contact with the side wall of the insulating rod is arranged in the mounting hole.
5. The bushing resistance-changing sliding compression type high-capacity arc extinguishing breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: the vacuum switch is provided with a vacuum cover body, and the insulating rod, the static contact and the moving contact are all arranged in the vacuum cover body.
6. The bushing resistance-changing sliding compression type high-capacity arc extinguishing breaker according to claim 5, wherein: the vacuum cover is internally provided with a corrugated pipe, one end of the corrugated pipe is connected with one end in the vacuum cover, the other end of the corrugated pipe is connected with the moving contact through a sealing cover, and an operating pull rod between the moving contact and the operating mechanism is arranged in the corrugated pipe.
7. The bushing resistance-changing sliding compression type high-capacity arc extinguishing breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: the insulating rod is a ceramic rod; the resistance wire is made of high-resistivity alloy wire, and the resistance value of the resistance wire on the insulating rod is 0.001-0.25 omega; the arc extinguishing ring material is high-temperature resistant ceramic such as aluminum oxide, magnesium oxide and the like or a polytetrafluoroethylene high-temperature resistant insulating material.
8. The bushing resistance-changing sliding compression type high-capacity arc extinguishing breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: the inner wall of the arc extinguishing ring is provided with a plurality of holes for absorbing electric arcs.
9. The bushing resistance-changing sliding compression type high-capacity arc extinguishing breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: the static contact comprises a spring type pressure electrode positioned at the upper end and a base positioned at the lower end.
10. A circuit interrupting device, comprising: the sleeve resistance-variable sliding compression type high-capacity arc extinguishing breaker comprises a plurality of sleeve resistance-variable sliding compression type high-capacity arc extinguishing breakers connected in parallel or in series.
CN202021210017.7U 2020-06-24 2020-06-24 Sleeve resistance-changing sliding compression type high-capacity arc-extinguishing circuit breaker and circuit breaking device Active CN212848265U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115394612A (en) * 2022-10-26 2022-11-25 广东米勒电气有限公司 Opening and closing on-line monitoring circuit breaker based on digital isolation and working method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115394612A (en) * 2022-10-26 2022-11-25 广东米勒电气有限公司 Opening and closing on-line monitoring circuit breaker based on digital isolation and working method thereof

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