CN212843536U

CN212843536U - Simple and easy low-priced measuring device of complicated river cross section

Info

Publication number: CN212843536U
Application number: CN202022348425.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贾轩闻; 秦雯艳; 李阳光; 潘雨昕
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-10-21
Filing date: 2020-10-21
Publication date: 2021-03-30
Anticipated expiration: 2030-10-21

Abstract

A simple and easy low-price measuring device for a complicated river channel section relates to the technical field of river channel section measurement. Including hollow telescopic link, be used for with telescopic link fixed support two fixators subaerial, the line wheel is installed to the tail end of telescopic link, takes turns to take turns to and has put the cotton rope, all along length direction mark there is the digital scale on telescopic link and the cotton rope, the free end of cotton rope passes the centre bore of telescopic link forward and stretches out by the front end, the one end that the cotton rope stretches out the telescopic link is connected with the gravity hammer, install on the up end of gravity hammer and meet water bright LED lamp promptly. The utility model has simple operation, realizes the measurement of the underwater section of the complex river channel, avoids the problems of underwater bubble interference and the like compared with a sound wave measurement high-technology instrument, and has low price and higher cost performance; compared with the traditional measurement modes such as carrying a leveling rod, taking a boat and the like, the device is safer and more reliable. The hollow rod part adopts a telescopic structure, is more portable, and reduces the difficulty of carrying the device by a surveyor.

Description

Simple and easy low-priced measuring device of complicated river cross section

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a river course section measurement technical field specifically is a simple and easy low-priced measuring device of complicated river course section.

Background

In the construction of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, the underwater topography section of a river channel is often required to be measured, and basic data are provided for engineering design, engineering construction and the like. At present, in rivers with uncomplicated water flow conditions, measuring personnel can take a ship to a measuring point and measure by using instruments such as a leveling rod, a level gauge, an echo sounder and the like. For some regions with severe terrain conditions, the average longitudinal slope of the river channel is large, the number of dangerous beaches for falling is large, the water flow is disordered, the water flow velocity is high, and at the moment, the ship-riding has a large safety risk. In addition, a large amount of bubbles exist in the water flow with the flow state disorder, the water body is a non-homogeneous body, and the acoustic wave measurement error is large. For such river channels, the current solution generally adopts a riprap measurement method, but the riprap is often irregular in shape and greatly influenced by water flow due to relatively small specific gravity. These increase the difficulty of measurement and the accuracy of the measurement results is poor. And a part of devices with higher precision are expensive, and cost performance is difficult to realize.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a simple and easy low-priced measuring device of complicated river course section can effectively solve the problem in the background art.

The technical scheme for realizing the purpose is as follows: the utility model provides a simple and easy low-priced measuring device of complicated river course section which characterized in that: including hollow telescopic link, be used for with telescopic link fixed support two fixators subaerial, the line wheel is installed to the tail end of telescopic link, takes turns to take turns to and has put the cotton rope, all along length direction mark there is the digital scale on telescopic link and the cotton rope, the free end of cotton rope passes the centre bore of telescopic link forward and stretches out by the front end, the one end that the cotton rope stretches out the telescopic link is connected with the gravity hammer, install on the up end of gravity hammer and meet water bright LED lamp promptly.

The utility model discloses mainly used length is the measurement of the middle-size and small-size river course section about 10 meters.

The utility model has the advantages that:

the utility model has simple operation, realizes the measurement of the underwater section of the complex river channel, avoids the problems of underwater bubble interference and the like compared with a sound wave measurement high-technology instrument, and has low price and higher cost performance; compared with the traditional measurement modes such as carrying a leveling rod, taking a boat and the like, the device is safer and more reliable. The hollow rod part adopts a telescopic structure, is more portable, and reduces the difficulty of carrying the device by a surveyor.

Further, in order to facilitate the adjustment of the levelness of the telescopic rod, a leveling bubble for levelness measurement is arranged at the tail end of the telescopic rod.

Furthermore, the upper end face of the gravity hammer is a spherical surface, the lower portion of the gravity hammer is a cone with the tip end facing downwards, the tip end can be inserted into soft soil at the bottom of a river channel, the upper ball body is mainly used for concentrating weight and playing a straightening role, a rope is in a vertical state, and the influence on a measurement result caused by the height of a heavy object is reduced.

Furthermore, the telescopic rod is made of 45 steel or aluminum alloy, and the material has the characteristics of higher rigidity and smaller deformation.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a measuring apparatus;

FIG. 2 is a front view of a cord;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the gravity hammer;

fig. 4 is a measurement schematic diagram of the measurement apparatus.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, the utility model discloses a sectional simple and easy low-priced measuring device in complicated river course, including hollow telescopic link 1, be used for with telescopic link 1 fixed support two fixators 2 subaerial, be provided with on telescopic link 1 and be used for levelness measuring level bubble 7, line wheel 4 is installed to the tail end of telescopic link 1, wire 5 is wound on line wheel 4, telescopic link 1 and cotton 5 are all along length direction mark digital scale 6, be provided with cotton rope import 10 on the telescopic link 1 of line wheel 4 front side, the free end of cotton rope 5 penetrates telescopic link 1 by cotton rope import 10, wear out by the front end of telescopic link 1 again, be provided with cotton rope reading sign 15 on telescopic link 1, cotton rope reading sign 15 is located line wheel 4's cotton rope output and cotton rope import 10, the one end that cotton rope 5 stretches out telescopic link 1 is connected with gravity hammer 8, the up end of gravity hammer 8 is, The lower part is a cone with a downward pointed end, and an LED lamp 9 which can be turned on when meeting water is installed on the upper end surface of the gravity hammer 8.

As a further illustration of the present embodiment, the reel 4 described in the present embodiment can be, but is not limited to, a fishing reel in the prior art, and the two holders 2 can be, but is not limited to, a fishing rod holder in the prior art.

The utility model discloses a measuring method, including following step:

1) determining n measuring points on the cross section of the river channel;

2) extending the telescopic rod 1 to the longest, arranging the telescopic rod 1 above the river channel section 14 in parallel, and positioning the tail part of the telescopic rod 1 at the bank side of one side of the measured river channel section 14 through two fixing devices 2 which are arranged in front and back;

3) the telescopic rod 1 is moved forwards in sequence, the gravity hammer 8 at the front end is enabled to reach each measuring point forwards, the telescopic rod 1 is adjusted to be in a horizontal state through the leveling air bubbles 7, and when the gravity hammer 8 moves to each measuring point in front, the gravity hammer 8 moves to each measuring point in frontThe cord 5 is released through the cord wheel 4, the gravity cone 8 is driven to move downwards, the cord 5 is stopped to be released at the moment that the LED lamp 9 is lighted when meeting water, and the cord reading at the position of the cord reading mark 15 is y_i1Then the wire rope is continuously released, and at the moment that the gravity hammer is in contact with the bottom, the wire rope reading at the position of the wire rope reading mark 15 is read again to be y_i2So as to obtain the water depth of each measuring point as h_i=|y_i1-y_i2|；

After the measurement of each measuring point is completed, the wire ropes 5 are withdrawn through the wire wheels 4, the fixing frame 2 located on the rear side is disassembled, the position of the front side fixing frame 2 is kept unchanged, the disassembled rear side fixing frame 2 is moved to the front side, the positions of the front fixing frame 2 and the rear fixing frame 2 are changed, and the reading of the fixing frame 2 located on the rear side on the telescopic rod 1 is always kept to be x₁And recording the corresponding scale of the front side fixer 2 and the telescopic rod 1 as x_i+1Obtaining the distance between two adjacent measuring points as

；

Wherein i represents the ith measuring point, the range of i is 1-n, s₁I.e. the distance, s, between the first measuring point and the second measuring point₂I.e. the distance between the second measuring point and the third measuring point, and so on, s_n-1I.e. the distance between the (n-1) th measuring point and the nth measuring point.

4) And obtaining all measuring points on a drawing or a computer according to the distance between the measuring points and the water depth corresponding to each measuring point, and fitting the points by using a curve to obtain the shape graph of the measured river channel section.

The measurement principle is explained in detail below with reference to fig. 4, and the two holders 2 are defined as a first holder 2-1 and a second holder 2-2.

As shown in fig. 4, when measuring a first measuring point 12 on a first side close to the measuring device, the telescopic rod 1 is moved so that the front gravity weight 8 is moved to the first measuring point 12, and the tail of the telescopic rod 1 is positioned and arranged on the bank on the side of the measured river section 3 by the first fixer 2-1 and the second fixer 2-2 arranged in the front-back direction.

Respectively recording the corresponding scale reading of the second fixer 2-2 on the telescopic rod 1 as x₁Recording the scale reading x corresponding to the first fixer 2-1 on the telescopic rod 1₂；

The cord 5 is released through the cord wheel 4, the gravity cone 8 is driven to move downwards, the cord 5 is stopped to be released at the moment that the LED lamp 9 is lighted when meeting water, and the cord reading at the position of the cord reading mark 15 is read as y₁₁(ii) a The wire rope 5 is continuously released, and the wire rope reading at the position of the wire rope reading mark 15 is read as y at the moment that the gravity hammer 8 is bottomed₁₂At this time, the water depth of the first measurement point is h₁=|y₁₁-y₁₂|；

After the measurement of the first measuring point 12 is completed, the wire rope 5 is withdrawn through the wire wheel 4, the second fixing frame 2-2 positioned at the rear side is detached, the position of the first fixing frame 2-1 is kept unchanged, the telescopic rod 1 is moved forwards, the gravity hammer 8 at the front end is enabled to reach the second measuring point 13, and at the moment, the corresponding reading of the first fixing frame 2-1 on the telescopic rod 1 is x₁Then, the second fixing frame 2-2 is supported and positioned below the telescopic rod 1 in front of the first fixing frame 2-1, the corresponding scale of the second fixing frame 2-2 and the telescopic rod 1 is recorded as x3, and the distance between the second measuring point 13 and the first measuring point 12 is s₁=|x₁-x₂|；

The thread rope 5 is released through the thread wheel 4, and simultaneously, the scale reading y corresponding to the thread rope 5 at the moment that the LED lamp 9 is lighted when meeting water is read₁₂And scale reading y on the thread rope 5 at the instant thread rope inlet 10 of the gravity hammer 8 touching the bottom₂₂The depth of water at the second measurement point 13 is h₂=|y₂₁-y₂₂|。

According to the operation process, the depth of water of each measuring point is obtained as h_i=|y_i1-y_i2At a distance of two adjacent measuring points of

。

Claims

1. The utility model provides a simple and easy low-priced measuring device of complicated river course section which characterized in that: including hollow telescopic link, be used for with telescopic link fixed support two fixators subaerial, the line wheel is installed to the tail end of telescopic link, takes turns to take turns to and has put the cotton rope, all along length direction mark there is the digital scale on telescopic link and the cotton rope, the free end of cotton rope passes the centre bore of telescopic link forward and stretches out by the front end, the one end that the cotton rope stretches out the telescopic link is connected with the gravity hammer, install on the up end of gravity hammer and meet water bright LED lamp promptly.

2. The simple and cheap measuring device of complicated river channel section of claim 1, characterized in that: and a leveling bubble for levelness measurement is arranged at the tail end of the telescopic rod.

3. The simple and cheap measuring device of complicated river channel section of claim 1, characterized in that: the upper end surface of the gravity hammer is a spherical surface, and the lower part of the gravity hammer is a cone with a downward tip.

4. The simple and cheap measuring device of complicated river channel section of claim 1, characterized in that: the telescopic rod is made of 45 steel or aluminum alloy.