CN212823815U

CN212823815U - Pre-screwing assembly and pre-screwing device

Info

Publication number: CN212823815U
Application number: CN202021404270.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 翟大庆; 任勇; 屈良基
Original assignee: Sichuan Guoruan Science & Technology Development Co ltd
Current assignee: Sichuan Guoruan Technology Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-16
Filing date: 2020-07-16
Publication date: 2021-03-30
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-16

Abstract

The utility model relates to a pre-twisting component and a pre-twisting device, the pre-twisting component comprises a rotating shaft, a sleeve matched with the rotating shaft and a spring arranged between the rotating shaft and the sleeve, one end of the sleeve is movably arranged at one end of the rotating shaft and can move along the length direction of the rotating shaft, the spring is used for providing elasticity for the sleeve along the direction away from the rotating shaft, and the other end of the sleeve is provided with a twisting part matched with the head of a bolt; the utility model provides a twist subassembly in advance, compact structure, reasonable in design can realize the flexonics with the front shroud subassembly, not only can make the front shroud subassembly more high-efficient with the cooperation of twisting the subassembly in advance, can effectively protect the bolt moreover, avoid damaging the bolt at automatic assembly's in-process.

Description

Pre-screwing assembly and pre-screwing device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a rail transit equipment technical field, concretely relates to twist subassembly in advance and twist device in advance.

Background

In the technical field of rail transit equipment, a wheel pair is an important part which is contacted with a steel rail on a locomotive, and in the prior art, the wheel pair is usually required to be matched with an axle box device (called an axle box for short) for installation, because the axle box device is a part which is sleeved on a shaft neck and is connected with the wheel pair and a bogie or a two-axle locomotive body, the axle box device is mainly used for transferring the weight and load of the locomotive body to the wheel pair, lubricating the shaft neck and reducing the running resistance; the conventional axle box device generally comprises a front cover assembly, wherein the front cover assembly comprises a front cover (or called as an end cover and a pressure plate), a nameplate, a stop piece and a plurality of bolts, through holes are respectively formed in corresponding positions of the front cover, the nameplate and the stop piece, and the bolts are respectively sleeved in the through holes, as shown in fig. 1; the shaft ends of the wheel pair are correspondingly provided with threaded holes (the number is usually three or more), and the bolts are respectively sleeved in the through holes and are used for connecting the threaded holes at the shaft ends of the wheel pair; the conventional process usually adopts manual operation to correspondingly screw bolts in the front cover assembly into threaded holes, so as to realize the assembly of the front cover assembly and the wheel pair.

In the prior art, the assembly is manually carried out, the problems of low assembly efficiency, high labor cost and the like exist, and along with the development of the technology, the automatic wheel-set front cover assembly system based on machine vision becomes possible, and the process is as follows: 1. acquiring an image of the shaft end of the wheel set (the wheel set is placed on a track), determining the position of each threaded hole through image analysis, 2, horizontally placing a front cover, aligning a nameplate and a stop plate with the front cover and placing the front cover, respectively sleeving bolts in through holes so that the front cover, the nameplate, the stop plate and a plurality of bolts can form a front cover assembly, 3, acquiring the image of the front cover assembly, analyzing the horizontal position of each bolt (or through hole) in the front cover assembly through the image, driving the front cover assembly to horizontally rotate to adjust the position of the front cover assembly so that each bolt can establish a one-to-one correspondence relation with each threaded hole, 4, turning the front cover assembly to the vertical direction by using a turning device (at the moment, the central axis of each bolt is positioned in the horizontal direction) and matching with a pre-screwing assembly in the pre-screwing device so that the head of each bolt in the front cover assembly can be matched with a twisting part in the pre-, therefore, the bolts can be driven to rotate by the pre-screwing assembly, and 5, the position of the front cover assembly is adjusted, so that each bolt can be respectively inserted into the corresponding threaded hole, and the bolts are pre-screwed, thereby completing the automatic assembly of the front cover; in the process, the turnover device needs to be matched with the pre-screwing component, and if the pre-screwing component is movably installed, after the turnover device drives the front cover component to turn to a vertical position, the pre-screwing component is driven to move to a position matched with the bolt, so that the problems of long time consumption and low efficiency exist; and if will twist the subassembly in advance and be fixed in the position department that can mutually support with the bolt, make the protecgulum subassembly upset in place the back can with twist the subassembly cooperation in advance together, thereby can effectively raise the efficiency, but when adopting this kind of mode to cooperate, there is the rigidity extrusion between the head of twisting subassembly and bolt in advance, destroy the head of bolt easily, especially can damage the protective layer of bolt head surface, lead to the bolt to rust easily in the use, corrode etc, be unfavorable for the safe operation of locomotive, wait to solve urgently.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to improve exist not enough among the prior art, provide a compact structure, reasonable in design's the subassembly of twisting in advance for the bolt can with twist the subassembly in advance and realize the flexonics, not only can make the front shroud subassembly more high-efficient with the cooperation of twisting the subassembly in advance, can effectively protect the bolt moreover, avoid damaging the bolt at automatic assembly's in-process.

The utility model adopts the technical proposal that:

for solving turning device and twisting the flexible complex problem of subassembly in advance, provide a twist the subassembly in advance, including the pivot, with the sleeve of pivot looks adaptation and set up in spring between pivot and the sleeve, telescopic one end movable mounting in the one end of pivot to can follow the length direction removal of pivot, the spring is used for providing the elasticity along keeping away from the pivot direction for the sleeve, telescopic other end structure has the portion of twisting with the head looks adaptation of bolt. In the scheme, the sleeve is movably arranged on the rotating shaft, the sleeve has a degree of freedom of moving relative to the length direction of the rotating shaft, the pre-screwing component can be directly arranged at a position matched with the front cover component in the automatic front cover assembly system, when the front cover component is driven by the overturning device to overturn to a vertical position, the head of a bolt in the front cover component can be firstly contacted with the sleeve in the pre-screwing component, along with the overturning of the front cover component, the extrusion force between the bolt head and the pre-screwing component can drive the sleeve to move relative to the rotating shaft before the bolt head is clamped into the corresponding torsion part, and the spring is synchronously compressed, so that the flexible contact and flexible matching between the bolt and the pre-screwing component are realized, the problem of rigid collision can be effectively avoided, and the damage to the bolt can be effectively prevented; and at this in-process, the elasticity of spring can increase gradually, and the front cover subassembly upset targets in place, and the back is aligned to the head of torsion portion and bolt, and the sleeve can reverse movement by oneself under the elasticity effect of spring to the torsion portion cover of drive sleeve tip is at the head of bolt, thereby the efficient is complete accomplishes the cooperation of front cover subassembly and prewirling subassembly.

In order to be convenient to be matched with the head of the bolt, the torsion part is preferably a hexagonal hole, a dodecagonal hole, a hexagonal prism, a dodecagonal prism, a linear protrusion or a cross-shaped protrusion matched with the head of the bolt. So that the bolt of adaptation different models, the commonality is better.

In order to realize the movable installation of the sleeve, furthermore, one end of the sleeve is provided with a guide channel, one end of the rotating shaft is arranged in the guide channel and forms a moving pair with the sleeve, and the spring is arranged in the guide channel. The sleeve can move relative to the rotating shaft under the extrusion action of external force by utilizing the sliding pair formed by the guide channel and the rotating shaft so as to realize flexible contact, and after the external force disappears, the sleeve can move reversely under the elastic action of the spring, so that the head of the bolt can be sleeved by the torsion part on the sleeve, and the sleeve and the bolt can be driven to synchronously rotate by utilizing the rotating shaft.

In order to transmit the rotating power, a plurality of guide grooves are arranged in the guide channel, and guide keys matched with the guide grooves are arranged on the outer side of the rotating shaft. Through the cooperation of guide way and guide key, not only make the sleeve can remove for the pivot, make the sleeve can rotate with the pivot is synchronous moreover to the transmission rotary power.

In order to solve the fixed problem of the sleeve and prevent the sleeve from falling off from the rotating shaft, in one scheme, the guide channel is a stepped hole, and an annular boss is arranged on the outer side of the rotating shaft. Through the cooperation of cyclic annular boss and shoulder hole, not only can play the effect of direction, can play spacing effect moreover, prevent that the sleeve from droing.

The other scheme is that the torsion-proof device further comprises a locking bolt, a communicating hole used for communicating the guide channel and the torsion portion is formed in one end of the guide channel, and a screw rod of the locking bolt extends into the guide channel through the communicating hole and is fixed to the rotating shaft. In this scheme, the screw rod of locking bolt is located in the direction passageway, and the head of locking bolt is located twist reverse part, when external force extrusion sleeve, the sleeve can remove for pivot and locking bolt to avoid the rigidity collision, after removing external force, the sleeve can reverse movement under the effect of external force, moves the position department of locking bolt head up to the intercommunicating pore, reaches the purpose that the restriction sleeve continues to remove.

Preferably, the communication hole is a counter-sunk hole. The head of the locking bolt can be accommodated, and the head of the locking bolt is prevented from being clamped into the bolt head of the torsion part in an interference manner.

In order to facilitate the assembly with the rotating shaft in the pre-screwing assembly, the rotating shaft is preferably a stepped shaft. So as to mount and position the components, such as bearings, etc., mounted to the stepped shaft, thereby facilitating the assembly of the rotating shaft.

A pre-screwing device comprises a support frame, a first driving motor and at least three pre-screwing components, wherein rotating shafts are movably arranged on the support frame, the rotating shafts in the pre-screwing components are parallel to each other and are respectively used for corresponding bolts in a front cover component,

the first driving motor is used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft of each pre-screwing assembly drives the bolt to rotate through the twisting part. The rotating shaft is driven to rotate through the first driving motor, and the rotating power is transmitted to the corresponding bolt through the torsion portion, so that the bolt can be driven to rotate synchronously with the rotating shaft, the bolt can be smoothly and efficiently screwed into the corresponding threaded hole, and the assembly of the front cover assembly is completed.

In order to solve the problem of synchronous pre-tightening of the bolts, the device further comprises a first transmission mechanism, wherein the first transmission mechanism comprises a transmission belt, a first belt wheel connected with an output shaft of the first driving motor, a second belt wheel respectively arranged on the rotating shaft, and at least one tension wheel, the transmission belt is sleeved on the first belt wheel and the second belt wheel, and the tension wheel is used for controlling the tension force of the transmission belt. In this scheme, the drive belt walks around first band pulley in proper order, each second band pulley and take-up pulley, and through take-up pulley tensioning drive belt, make the power of first driving motor output can drive first band pulley, each second band pulley synchronous revolution, thereby reach the synchronous pivoted purpose of each pivot of drive, and through the position that sets up the take-up pulley rationally, can effectively adjust the tensile force, thereby effectively adjust first band pulley, the frictional force between second band pulley and the drive belt, thereby can make stress on the drive belt skid when reaching the stress value of settlement, thereby reach the purpose of the first driving motor of overload protection, can also effectively control the size of bolt pretightning force according to this principle, unusual convenience.

In order to solve the problem that the bolts in the pre-screwing assemblies and the bolts in the front cover assembly are aligned one by one, the device further comprises a rack and a second driving motor, wherein the second driving motor is installed on the rack, the supporting frame is movably installed on the rack, rotating shafts in the pre-screwing assemblies are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the same circle respectively, and the second driving motor is used for driving the supporting frame to rotate around the central axis of the circle where the rotating shafts are located. Therefore, each pre-screwing assembly can rotate along the circumferential direction so as to adjust the position of each pre-screwing assembly, and therefore the rotating shaft in each pre-screwing assembly can be aligned with each bolt in the front cover assembly respectively, and when the front cover assembly is matched with the pre-screwing device, the head of each bolt can be smoothly clamped into the corresponding torsion part so as to drive each bolt to rotate.

In order to solve the problem of automatic control, the automatic control system further comprises a controller, wherein the first driving motor and the second driving motor are respectively connected with the controller. The controller is used for starting/stopping the first driving motor and is used for controlling the starting/stopping of the second driving motor.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a pair of twist subassembly in advance and twist device in advance, compact structure, reasonable in design for the bolt can with twist the subassembly in advance and realize the flexonics, not only can make the front shroud subassembly more high-efficient with the cooperation of twisting the subassembly in advance, can effectively protect the bolt moreover, avoid damaging the bolt at automatic assembly's in-process.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a front cover assembly.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pre-screwing assembly provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a pre-screwing assembly provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of another pre-twist assembly provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of yet another pre-twist assembly provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a pre-screwing device provided in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a front view of fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a right side view of fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a view a-a of fig. 7.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a turning device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a turning device and a pre-screwing device in an automatic front cover assembling system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of the drawings

Front cover assembly 100, front cover 101, nameplate 102, stop piece 103, bolt 104

The support frame 201, the first driving motor 202, the pre-screwing assembly 203, the rotating shaft 204, the twisting part 205, the sleeve 206, the bearing 207, the base circle 208, the mounting shaft 209, the guide channel 210, the guide groove 211, the guide key 212, the annular boss 213, the communication hole 214, the locking bolt 215

Transmission belt 301, first pulley 302, second pulley 303, tension pulley 304

A frame 401 and a second driving motor 402

Turnover device 501, clamping part 502, turnover part 503

A spring 601.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a pre-screwing assembly, which includes a rotating shaft 204, a sleeve 206 adapted to the rotating shaft 204, and a spring 601 disposed between the rotating shaft 204 and the sleeve 206, as shown in fig. 2-5, one end of the sleeve 206 is movably mounted at one end of the rotating shaft 204 and can move along a length direction of the rotating shaft 204, the spring 601 is configured to provide an elastic force to the sleeve 206 along a direction away from the rotating shaft 204, a direction of the elastic force is coincident with or parallel to a central axis of the rotating shaft 204, and a twisting portion 205 adapted to a head of a bolt 104 is configured at the other end of the sleeve 206.

In this embodiment, the sleeve 206 is movably mounted on the shaft 204, and the sleeve 206 has a degree of freedom of moving in a longitudinal direction relative to the shaft 204, in the automatic front cover 101 assembling system, the pre-screwing assembly 203 can be directly installed at a position where it can be fitted with the front cover assembly 100, during the process that the front cover assembly 100 is turned to the vertical position by the turning device 501, the heads of the bolts 104 in the front cover assembly 100 will first contact the sleeves 206 in the pre-threaded assembly 203, and as the front cover assembly 100 is turned over, before the head of the bolt 104 is snapped into the corresponding torsion portion 205, the pressing force between the head of the bolt 104 and the pre-screwing assembly 203 drives the sleeve 206 to move relative to the rotating shaft 204, and synchronously compresses the spring 601, therefore, flexible contact and flexible matching between the bolt 104 and the pre-screwing component 203 are realized, the problem of rigid collision can be effectively avoided, and the bolt 104 can be effectively prevented from being damaged; in the process, the elastic force of the spring 601 is gradually increased, and after the front cover assembly 100 is turned to the right position and the torsion portion 205 is aligned with the head of the bolt 104, the sleeve 206 can automatically move in the opposite direction under the action of the elastic force of the spring 601, so that the torsion portion 205 at the end of the sleeve 206 is driven to be sleeved on the head of the bolt 104, and the front cover assembly 100 and the pre-screwing assembly 203 are efficiently and completely matched.

Since the head of the bolt 104 has various types, the torsion portion 205 may be a hexagonal hole (as shown in fig. 2) or a dodecagonal hole adapted to the head of the bolt 104, in this case, the bolt 104 is an outer hexagonal bolt 104;

the torsion portion 205 may also be a hexagonal prism or a twelve-prism that fits the head of the bolt 104, in which case, the bolt 104 is a hexagon socket head cap bolt 104;

the torsion portion 205 may also be a linear protrusion adapted to the head of the bolt 104, and at this time, the head of the bolt 104 is provided with a linear groove;

similarly, the torsion portion 205 may also be a cross-shaped protrusion adapted to the head of the bolt 104, and at this time, the head of the bolt 104 is provided with a cross-shaped groove; so as to adapt to bolts 104 of different models, the universality is better.

As shown in fig. 3, in order to realize the movable installation of the sleeve 206, in a further aspect, one end of the sleeve 206 is provided with a guide channel 210, one end of the rotating shaft 204 is disposed in the guide channel 210 and forms a sliding pair with the sleeve 206, and the spring 601 is disposed in the guide channel 210, as shown in fig. 3, two ends of the spring 601 may not be connected to the rotating shaft 204 and the sleeve 206, or may be connected to the rotating shaft 204 and the sleeve 206, respectively; by using the sliding pair formed by the guide channel 210 and the rotating shaft 204, the sleeve 206 can move relative to the rotating shaft 204 under the pressing action of the external force so as to achieve flexible contact, and after the external force disappears, the sleeve 206 can move in the opposite direction under the elastic force of the spring 601, so that the torsion part 205 on the sleeve 206 can sleeve the head of the bolt 104, so that the rotating shaft 204 can drive the sleeve 206 and the bolt 104 to rotate synchronously.

As shown in fig. 3, in order to transmit the rotational power, in a further embodiment, a plurality of guide grooves 211 are disposed in the guide channel 210, and a guide key 212 adapted to the guide grooves 211 is disposed outside the rotating shaft 204. By the cooperation of the guide grooves 211 and the guide keys 212, not only the sleeve 206 can be moved relative to the rotating shaft 204, but also the sleeve 206 can be rotated in synchronization with the rotating shaft 204 to transmit the rotational power.

It is understood that when the number of the guide grooves 211 and the guide keys 212 is plural, the plural guide grooves 211 may be respectively distributed along the circumferential direction of the sleeve 206, and the plural guide keys 212 may be uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft 204, which is not illustrated herein.

In order to prevent the sleeve 206 from falling off the rotating shaft 204, there are various embodiments, and as a preferred embodiment, one end of the spring 601 is connected to the rotating shaft 204, and the other end is connected to the sleeve 206, as shown in fig. 3, when the spring 601 is in the original length state, there is sufficient overlap length between the rotating shaft 204 and the guide channel 210 to maintain the stability of the sleeve 206, and the spring 601 is combined to realize the constraint of the sleeve 206, thereby effectively preventing the sleeve 206 from falling off the rotating shaft 204.

As another preferred embodiment, the guide channel 210 may be a stepped hole, and the outer side of the rotating shaft 204 is provided with an annular boss 213, as shown in fig. 4, by matching the annular boss 213 with the stepped hole, not only a guiding function but also a limiting function can be achieved, so as to prevent the sleeve 206 from falling off.

As another preferred embodiment, the locking bolt 215104 is further included, one end of the guide channel 210 is provided with a communication hole 214 for communicating the guide channel 210 and the torsion portion 205, the screw of the locking bolt 215104 extends into the guide channel 210 through the communication hole 214 and is fixed to the rotating shaft 204, as shown in fig. 5, the screw of the locking bolt 215104 is located in the guide channel 210, the head of the locking bolt 215104 is located in the torsion portion 205, when the external force presses the sleeve 206, the sleeve 206 can move relative to the rotating shaft 204 and the locking bolt 215104, so as to avoid rigid collision, and when the external force is removed, the sleeve 206 can move reversely under the external force until the communication hole 214 moves to the position of the head of the locking bolt 215104, so as to achieve the purpose of limiting the sleeve 206 from moving further.

As shown in fig. 5, the communication hole 214 may preferably be a countersunk hole that is adapted to fit the head of the locking bolt 215104 and can receive the head of the locking bolt 215104 to prevent the head of the locking bolt 215104 from interfering with the head of the bolt 104 that is snapped into the torsion portion 205.

In this embodiment, to facilitate the assembly with the rotating shaft 204 in the pre-screwing assembly 203, the rotating shaft 204 may preferably be a stepped shaft, as shown in fig. 2, so as to mount and position a component mounted on the stepped shaft, such as the bearing 207, and the like, so as to facilitate the assembly of the rotating shaft 204.

Example 2

The embodiment provides a pre-screwing device, which comprises a support frame 201, a first driving motor 202 and at least three pre-screwing assemblies 203 described in embodiment 1, wherein the rotating shafts 204 are movably mounted on the support frame 201, the rotating shafts 204 in the pre-screwing assemblies 203 are parallel to each other and are respectively used for corresponding bolts 104 in a front cover assembly 100,

the first driving motor 202 is used for driving the rotating shaft 204 to rotate, and the rotating shaft 204 of each pre-screwing assembly 203 drives the bolt 104 to rotate through the twisting part 205. The rotating shaft 204 is driven to rotate by the first driving motor 202, and the rotating power is transmitted to the corresponding bolt 104 through the torsion portion 205, so that the bolt 104 and the rotating shaft 204 can be driven to synchronously rotate, the bolt 104 can be smoothly and efficiently screwed into the corresponding threaded hole, and the assembly of the front cover assembly 100 is completed.

Since the bolts 104 in the front cover assembly 100 are generally distributed along the circumferential direction, in the present embodiment, the rotating shafts 204 in the pre-screwed assemblies 203 are respectively and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the same circle (which may be referred to as a base circle 208), which is the same as the circle where the through holes (bolts 104) in the front cover assembly 100 are located, as shown in fig. 6-9, so that the pre-screwed assemblies 203 can be respectively aligned with the through holes or bolts 104 in the front cover assembly 100, so that the two can be mutually matched.

In this embodiment, the supporting frame 201 mainly serves to support and restrain each of the pre-screwing assemblies 203, and a mechanical supporting structure commonly used in the prior art may be adopted, and the rotating shaft 204 in each of the pre-screwing assemblies 203 may be fixed to the supporting frame 201 through at least one bearing 207 (or a bearing 207 seat) so as to achieve the separation of the movement.

As shown in fig. 6 to 9, in order to solve the problem of synchronous pre-tightening of the bolts 104, a further scheme includes a first transmission mechanism, where the first transmission mechanism includes a transmission belt 301, a first pulley 302 connected to an output shaft of the first driving motor 202, a second pulley 303 respectively disposed on the rotating shaft 204, and at least one tension pulley 304, the transmission belt 301 is sleeved on the first pulley 302 and the second pulley 303, and the tension pulley 304 is used for controlling a tension of the transmission belt 301. In the scheme, the transmission belt 301 sequentially bypasses the first belt pulley 302, each second belt pulley 303 and the tensioning pulley 304, and the transmission belt 301 is tensioned by the tensioning pulley 304, so that the power output by the first driving motor 202 can drive the first belt pulley 302 and each second belt pulley 303 to synchronously rotate (the synchronous rotation means that each rotating shaft 204 can rotate in the same direction and at the same speed under the driving of the first driving motor 202), thereby driving each bolt 104 to synchronously rotate, achieving the purpose of synchronously tightening each bolt 104, effectively improving the efficiency, and ensuring that the pretightening force of each bolt 104 is the same;

the tension force can be effectively adjusted by reasonably setting the position of the tension wheel 304, so that the friction force between the first belt wheel 302, the second belt wheel 303 and the transmission belt 301 can be effectively adjusted, the stress on the transmission belt 301 can slip when reaching a set stress value, the purpose of overload protection on the first driving motor 202 is achieved, the pretightening force of the bolt 104 can be effectively controlled according to the principle, and great convenience is achieved.

In the present embodiment, the first driving motor 202 is a stepping motor or a servo motor, so as to achieve precise control.

In order to solve the problem of automatic control, in this embodiment, the pre-screwing device further includes a controller, the first driving motor 202 is connected to the controller, and the controller is used for starting/stopping, rotating speed and the like of the first driving motor 202, so that the pre-screwing process of the bolt 104 can be accurately controlled.

In this embodiment, the controller can preferentially adopt a single chip microcomputer, an ARM chip, an STM chip, a PLC or a PC and the like, so that the cost is low, the response speed is high, and the realization of accurate automatic control is facilitated.

Example 3

In order to adjust the orientation of each pre-screwing assembly 203 in the pre-screwing device, so that each pre-screwing assembly 203 can be aligned with each bolt 104 in the front cover assembly 100 one by one, the main difference between this embodiment 3 and the above embodiment 2 is that the pre-screwing device provided by this embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, further includes a frame 401 and a second driving motor 402, the second driving motor 402 is mounted to the frame 401, and the supporting frame 201 is movably mounted to the frame 401, the frame 401 is mainly used for supporting the supporting frame 201, and the second driving motor 402 is used for driving the supporting frame 201 to rotate around the central axis of the circle (i.e., the base circle 208) where each rotating shaft 204 is located. So that each pre-screwing assembly 203 can rotate along the circumferential direction to adjust the orientation of each pre-screwing assembly 203, so that the rotating shaft 204 in each pre-screwing assembly 203 can be respectively aligned with each bolt 104 in the front cover assembly 100, and when the front cover assembly 100 is matched with the pre-screwing device, the head of each bolt 104 can be smoothly clamped into the corresponding torsion part 205 to drive each bolt 104 to rotate.

In order to realize the movable installation of the supporting frame 201, in a further aspect, the supporting frame 201 further includes an installation shaft 209, as shown in fig. 6, fig. 7 and fig. 11, the supporting frame 201 is fixed to the installation shaft 209, that is, the installation shaft 209 and the supporting frame 201 may be an integrated structure, or the installation shaft 209 is detachably installed on the supporting frame 201;

in this embodiment, the mounting shaft 209 is fixed to the frame 401 through a bearing 207, so as to realize movable mounting of the supporting frame 201; the second driving motor 402 is connected with the mounting shaft 209 and is used for driving the supporting frame 201 to rotate; by providing the mounting shaft 209, the movable mounting of the support frame 201 can be achieved, so that the support frame 201 can rotate relative to the frame 401.

Preferably, the second driving motor 402 may be a stepping motor or a servo motor, and the second driving motor 402 is connected to the controller, so that the controller controls the start/stop, the rotation speed, and the like of the second driving motor 402.

Example 4

This embodiment 4 provides an automatic assembling system of the front cover 101, which includes the pre-screwing device described in embodiment 2 or embodiment 3.

It can be understood that the system further includes a turning device 501, the turning device 501 includes a clamping portion 502 for clamping the front cover 101, a turning portion 503 (e.g. driven by a motor and a transmission belt 301) for driving the clamping portion 502 to turn, the turning portion 503 is fixed to the frame 401, the clamping portion 502 is fixed to the turning portion 503, the clamping portion 502 and the turning portion 503 are respectively connected to the controller, as shown in fig. 10 and 11, the clamping portion 502 can clamp the front cover assembly 100 in a horizontal position under the control of the controller, and the turning portion 503 can drive the clamping portion 502 to turn under the control of the controller, so that the clamping portion 502 can turn from the horizontal position to a vertical position, and in this process, the front cover assembly 100 and the pre-screwing assembly 203 are in flexible contact without damaging the head of the bolt 104, and after the front cover assembly 100 turns to the vertical position, the first driving motor 202 can drive each rotating shaft 204 to rotate at least one circle to adjust the position of the torsion portion 205, so that the position of the torsion portion 205 can be the same as the position of the head of the bolt 104, at this time, under the action of the elastic force of the spring 601, the sleeve 206 moves towards the direction of the front cover assembly 100, so that the head of the bolt 104 can be sleeved by the torsion portion 205, the matching of the pre-screwing assembly 203 and the bolt 104 is completed, the head of the bolt 104 can be efficiently and smoothly clamped into the corresponding torsion portion 205 by driving the rotating shaft 204 to realize the functions of automatic alignment and matching together.

It will be appreciated that in this implementation, such pre-tightening (or so-called pre-tightening) is a common means in the assembly process of the bolt 104 and will not be described in detail herein.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a twist subassembly in advance, its characterized in that, including the pivot, with the sleeve of pivot looks adaptation and set up in spring between pivot and the sleeve, telescopic one end movable mounting in the one end of pivot to can follow the length direction removal of pivot, the spring is used for providing the elasticity along keeping away from the pivot direction for the sleeve, telescopic other end structure has the portion of twisting with the head looks adaptation of bolt.

2. The prewiridng assembly of claim 1, wherein the torsion portion is a hexagonal hole, a dodecagonal hole, a hexagonal prism, a dodecagonal prism, a linear protrusion, or a cross-shaped protrusion that fits the head of the bolt.

3. The pre-tightening assembly according to claim 1, wherein one end of the sleeve is provided with a guide channel, one end of the rotating shaft is arranged in the guide channel and forms a moving pair with the sleeve, and the spring is arranged in the guide channel.

4. The pre-screwing assembly of claim 3, wherein a plurality of guide grooves are formed in the guide channel, and guide keys matched with the guide grooves are arranged on the outer side of the rotating shaft.

5. The pre-twist assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that one end of said spring is connected to said spindle and the other end is connected to said sleeve,

or, the guide channel is a stepped hole, and an annular boss is arranged on the outer side of the rotating shaft;

or, the locking device also comprises a locking bolt, one end of the guide channel is provided with a communicating hole for communicating the guide channel and the torsion part, and a screw rod of the locking bolt extends into the guide channel through the communicating hole and is fixed on the rotating shaft.

6. The pre-twist assembly according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the rotation shaft is a stepped shaft.

7. A pre-screwing device, which is characterized by comprising a support frame, a first driving motor and at least three pre-screwing assemblies as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the rotating shafts are movably arranged on the support frame, the rotating shafts in the pre-screwing assemblies are parallel to each other and are respectively used for corresponding bolts in a front cover assembly,

the first driving motor is used for driving the rotating shaft to rotate, and the rotating shaft of each pre-screwing assembly drives the bolt to rotate through the twisting part.

8. The pre-screwing apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising a first transmission mechanism, wherein the first transmission mechanism comprises a transmission belt, a first pulley connected to an output shaft of the first driving motor, a second pulley provided on the rotation shaft, and at least one tension pulley, the transmission belt is sleeved on the first pulley and the second pulley, and the tension pulley is used for controlling the tension of the transmission belt.

9. The pre-screwing device of claim 7, further comprising a frame and a second driving motor, wherein the second driving motor is mounted on the frame, the support frame is movably mounted on the frame, the rotating shafts in the pre-screwing assemblies are respectively and uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the same circle, and the second driving motor is used for driving the support frame to rotate around the central axis of the circle where the rotating shafts are located.

10. The pre-screwing apparatus of claim 9, further comprising a controller, the first and second drive motors being respectively connected to the controller.