CN212692568U - Condenser and superheated steam temperature adjusting system using same - Google Patents
Condenser and superheated steam temperature adjusting system using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN212692568U CN212692568U CN202021041930.9U CN202021041930U CN212692568U CN 212692568 U CN212692568 U CN 212692568U CN 202021041930 U CN202021041930 U CN 202021041930U CN 212692568 U CN212692568 U CN 212692568U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a condenser, heat-absorbing medium and use its superheated steam temperature regulating system. The condenser comprises a heat exchange cylinder and a heat exchange tube, the heat exchange cylinder is provided with a saturated steam inlet and a condensed water outlet, and two ends of the heat exchange tube penetrate through a tube plate positioned at the port of the heat exchange cylinder and are respectively connected with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet through a water inlet cavity and a water outlet cavity; the water inlet cavity and the water outlet cavity are two cavities which are separated by a partition plate from a cavity barrel connected with the tube plate, and a cavity end cover with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet is arranged at the other end of the cavity barrel. The superheated steam temperature adjusting system adopts the condenser to condense part of saturated steam in the boiler barrel into water, and then the condensed water is directly sprayed into the superheated steam as a heat absorbing medium, so that the effect of adjusting the temperature of the superheated steam can be achieved. The system reduces the requirement of a power plant on the quality of boiler feed water, and has the advantages of low initial investment, long service life, low maintenance cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a thermoelectricity technical field especially relates to a condenser and use its superheated steam temperature regulating system.
Background
In recent years, with the strong support of the country on the green energy industry, a batch of distributed energy application industries using solid wastes such as biomass and household garbage as distributed energy resources are rising in rural areas.
Solid wastes such as biomass, household garbage and the like are actually mixtures consisting of a plurality of substances, and the composition proportion and the combustion characteristics of each component are different; in addition, the water content and the heat value in the fuel fluctuate frequently along with seasonal changes; these fuels are difficult to deliver and present non-uniformity in the rate of delivery into the furnace. The above characteristics all cause unstable combustion in the boiler and the temperature fluctuation of the superheated steam at the outlet of the boiler is severe. Generally, the steam generator is used as energy of a thermal power plant, and parameters of steam are required to fluctuate only within a narrow range during utilization, so that stable output is required. The fluctuation of the superheated steam parameters mainly comprises three aspects of flow, pressure and temperature, and the flow can be stabilized by a feed water regulating valve; the pressure is provided by the boiler feed pump head, and can also be kept stable generally, and the temperature with serious fluctuation needs to be adjusted by measures to make the temperature tend to be stable.
In a large-scale thermal power plant, high-standard feed water is generally adopted, and boiler feed water standard requirements are selected according to high-temperature high-pressure steam parameters and steam parameters above in GB12145 'steam quality standards for thermal power generating units and steam power equipment' to carry out equipment selection, so that the water quality standard can completely meet the requirements of water spraying and temperature reduction, namely, the boiler feed water is directly sprayed into superheated steam as a superheated steam adjusting medium to reduce the temperature of the superheated steam, and the superheated steam reaches the output requirements of the superheated steam parameters.
Solid waste such as biomass, household garbage and the like is light in specific gravity and high in transportation cost, so that development and utilization of distributed energy resources are an important way for developing new energy resources in rural areas. Therefore, the scale of distributed energy resources is small, the distributed energy resources are limited by local conditions, in order to save investment and operation cost, the water treatment equipment selection is usually carried out according to the requirement of boiler feed water standard selected according to medium temperature and medium pressure and steam parameters below, the quality of feed water cannot meet the requirement of water spray cooling, the boiler feed water cannot be directly sprayed into superheated steam, but only surface heat transfer is adopted, namely heat transfer is carried out through a metal heating surface, and redundant heat of the superheated steam is transferred to the boiler feed water on the other side of the metal wall through the metal heating surface.
The biggest defect of the surface heat transfer is that the temperature adjusting range is limited, the temperature adjusting range is only about 1/2 of the water spraying cooling capacity, the traditional coal-fired boiler has ribs, and the temperature adjusting mode has high requirements on the technical level of operators, so that the surface heat transfer is used for small boilers taking biomass and domestic garbage as fuels, and the temperature adjusting performance of the surface heat transfer is far from meeting the requirements on distributed energy utilization. On the other hand, the conventional structure of the surface type desuperheater used by the conventional medium and small coal-fired units is often short in service life, the position which is most prone to leakage is the fillet weld of the tube plate and the heated surface tube, thermal fatigue is caused for a long time, the strength is greatly reduced, tube explosion is finally caused, the furnace is forced to be shut down, and the service life is usually only about 1 year.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the problem that exists, the utility model provides a condenser can be used for making the reposition of redundant personnel from the saturated steam condensation of drum, and the comdenstion water of output can be used to superheated steam's water spray cooling.
The utility model discloses a condenser, its characterized in that: the heat exchanger comprises a heat exchange tube and a heat exchange tube, wherein the heat exchange tube is provided with a saturated steam inlet and a condensate outlet, and two ends of the heat exchange tube penetrate through a tube plate positioned at the port of the heat exchange tube and are respectively connected with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet through a water inlet cavity and a water outlet cavity; the water inlet cavity and the water outlet cavity are two cavities which are separated by a cavity barrel connected with the tube plate through a cavity partition plate, and a cavity end cover with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet is arranged at the other end of the cavity barrel.
Furthermore, an orifice of the tube plate, which is used for penetrating through the hole of the heat exchange tube, is provided with a chamfer angle for welding the heat exchange tube with the tube plate, and a welding line is of a full penetration structure. Furthermore, an Olympic 307 stainless steel welding rod is adopted for welding between the tube plate and the heat exchange tube, and the welding material is the Olympic 307 welding rod or the stainless steel welding rod which is close to the Olympic 307 welding rod in the aspects of constituent elements and/or mechanical properties.
Furthermore, the water inlet cavity or the water outlet cavity is provided with an end partition plate with holes, and the cooling water inlet or the cooling water outlet is connected with the holes in the end partition plate through a cooling water inlet joint or a cooling water outlet joint.
Furthermore, a cooling water inlet joint and a cooling water outlet joint are respectively arranged at the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet.
Furthermore, the upper part of the heat exchange cylinder is provided with a plurality of saturated steam inlets connected with a saturated steam header, and the lower part of the heat exchange cylinder is provided with a plurality of condensed water outlets connected with a condensed water header.
Further, the edge of the tube plate is provided with a bidirectional or unidirectional annular bulge for welding with the heat exchange cylinder and/or the chamber cylinder.
Furthermore, a groove for embedding the chamber partition plate is formed in the tube plate.
Furthermore, the heat exchange tubes are provided with a plurality of U-shaped tubes or coiled tubes.
Furthermore, a drain board for guiding condensed water is arranged in the heat exchange cylinder.
The utility model also provides a heat absorbing medium, its characterized in that: the condensed water is formed by condensing saturated steam which is shunted from the boiler barrel in any one of the condensers and is used for spraying water for cooling superheated steam.
The utility model also provides a superheated steam temperature regulating system, its characterized in that: the condenser is used for condensing the saturated steam which is shunted from the boiler barrel, and the produced condensed water is used for spraying water for cooling the superheated steam.
Through comprehensively adopting the technical scheme, the utility model discloses can gain following beneficial effect:
drawings
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall construction of a condenser in some embodiments;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial schematic view at M of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken at A-A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged partial schematic view at N of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a counter-current heat exchange scheme in some embodiments.
Description of reference numerals:
1-heat exchange tube, 11-saturated steam header, 12-condensed water header, 13-hydrophobic plate, 2-heat exchange tube, 3-tube plate, 4-chamber cylinder, 41-chamber partition, 42-end partition, 5-chamber end cover, 51-cooling water inlet joint, 52-cooling water outlet joint and 6-groove welding.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention are combined to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and obviously, the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms indicating orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the equipment or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the drawings of the present invention, it should be understood that different technical features which are not mutually alternative are shown in the same drawing, and the embodiment described with reference to the drawings is not indicated or implied to include all the technical features in the drawings only for the convenience of simplifying the drawing description and reducing the number of drawings, and thus should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.
The utility model discloses a condenser, as shown in fig. 1-2, in some embodiments, it includes a heat exchanger section of thick bamboo 1 and heat exchange tube 2, and a heat exchanger section of thick bamboo 1 is equipped with saturated steam import and comdenstion water export, and heat exchange tube 2 both ends run through the tube sheet 3 that is located a heat exchanger section of thick bamboo 1 port department to it is continuous with cooling water import and cooling water export through the cavity of intaking and play water cavity respectively. The arrangement of the water inlet cavity and the water outlet cavity can provide a buffer area after cooling water enters the condenser for the first time and before the cooling water is about to flow out of the condenser, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
The cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet can be respectively positioned at two ends of the heat exchange cylinder 1, and can also be positioned at the same end of the heat exchange cylinder 1. In some embodiments, the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet are located at the same end of the heat exchange tube 1, and accordingly, the water inlet chamber and the water outlet chamber are also located at the same end of the heat exchange tube 1, so that the heat exchange time between the cooling water and the saturated steam per unit volume can be prolonged, and the heat exchange efficiency can be further improved. In this case, the heat exchange tube 2 is a bent tube, which may be a U-shaped tube or a serpentine tube, or other tube type that contributes to the extension of the heat exchange time.
The inlet and outlet chambers may be separate components or may be a unitary structure separated by a chamber partition 41. In some embodiments, the water inlet chamber and the water outlet chamber are two chambers separated by a chamber partition plate 41 in the chamber cylinder 4 connected with the tube plate 3, and the other end of the chamber cylinder 4 is provided with a chamber end cover 5 with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet. In at least one embodiment, the inlet or outlet chamber is provided with an end baffle 42 having an aperture, and the cooling water inlet or outlet is connected to the aperture in the end baffle 42 by a cooling water inlet fitting 51 or a cooling water outlet fitting 52.
The structure has the advantages of at least the following two aspects:
(1) the water inlet cavity and the water outlet cavity adopt an integrated structural design, which is beneficial to improving the structural strength of the water inlet cavity and the water outlet cavity;
(2) in the assembly process of parts, because the welding operation between the chamber end cover 5 and the chamber partition plate 41 is not easy, even cannot be welded, the water inlet chamber and the water outlet chamber cannot be well sealed and divided, at least one chamber is welded and sealed by arranging the end partition plate 42, and the sealed division of the two chambers can be realized.
In some embodiments, the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet are respectively provided with a cooling water inlet joint 51 and a cooling water outlet joint 52 so as to be connected with a water pipe of the cooling water. When only one of the water inlet chamber and the water outlet chamber is provided with the end partition plate 42, only the corresponding joint of the chamber penetrates through the chamber end cover 5 and is connected to the hole of the hole on the end partition plate 42. When the water inlet chamber and the water outlet chamber are both provided with the end partition plates 42, the two connectors both penetrate through the chamber end cover 5 and are respectively connected to the hole openings of the holes on the corresponding end partition plates 42.
In some embodiments, the inlet chamber is located in a lower portion of the chamber cylinder 4 and the outlet chamber is located in an upper portion of the chamber cylinder 4.
In some embodiments, the heat exchange tube 1 is provided with a plurality of saturated steam inlets connected to the saturated steam header 11 at the upper part thereof, and a plurality of condensed water outlets connected to the condensed water header 12 at the lower part thereof. In at least one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, a plurality of heat exchange tubes 2 are arranged in the heat exchange cylinder 1, and a plurality of hydrophobic plates 13 are arranged for guiding condensed water, and the hydrophobic plates 13 are arranged to help prevent the condensed water from staying on the heat exchange tubes 2 to block the heat exchange tubes 2 from transferring heat.
The heat exchange tube 1, the tube plate 3, the chamber cylinder 4 and the chamber end cover 5 are welded in sequence, and the tube plate 3 and the heat exchange tube 2 are also welded. In some embodiments, the edge of the tube plate 3 has a bidirectional or unidirectional annular projection for welding with the heat exchange tube 1 and/or the chamber cylinder 4 in the form of a full penetration groove weld. In some embodiments, the openings in the tube sheet 3 for the holes through the heat exchange tubes 2 are chamfered for making a groove weld 6 between the heat exchange tubes 2 and the tube sheet 4, as shown in fig. 4. In some embodiments, the tube plate 3 is provided with a groove for embedding the chamber partition plate 41, which helps to improve the stability of the installation connection between the chamber partition plate 41 and the tube plate 3.
The utility model also discloses a heat absorbing medium, its comdenstion water that forms for the saturated steam of reposition of redundant personnel from the drum condenses in any kind of above-mentioned condenser for superheated steam's water spray cooling.
The utility model also discloses a superheated steam temperature regulating system, its characterized in that: the condenser is used for condensing the saturated steam which is shunted from the boiler barrel, and the produced condensed water is used for spraying water for cooling the superheated steam.
At least one exemplary embodiment is now provided in connection with the drawings, a detailed description of which is provided in the drawings not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but is merely representative of exemplary embodiments provided in the invention.
In the field of distributed green energy, in order to well use fuels such as biomass solid waste and household garbage, which have fuel characteristics that change frequently and are difficult to convey, a boiler is used for ensuring that parameters of superheated steam at an outlet of the boiler are basically stable and fluctuate within an allowable range, and the temperature of the superheated steam is adjusted by adopting a water spraying mode. In the exemplary embodiment, by condensing part of saturated steam generated by the boiler to water as water for spraying water and reducing temperature, the contradiction between the water treatment economy and the use requirement of the project can be well solved, and the economic benefit of the project is improved.
The exemplary embodiment relates to a condenser, which comprises a heat exchange cylinder 1, a tube plate 3, a chamber cylinder 4 and a chamber end cover 5 which are welded and connected in sequence, as shown in fig. 1 and 2.
The upper part of the heat exchange cylinder 1 is provided with a plurality of saturated steam inlets connected with a saturated steam header 11, the lower part thereof is provided with a plurality of condensed water outlets connected with a condensed water header 12, and the interior thereof is also provided with a drain board 13 for guiding condensed water, as shown in fig. 1 and 3. The heat exchange cylinder 1 comprises a heat exchange cylinder body and a heat exchange cylinder end cover. The condenser further includes a U-shaped tube serving as a heat exchange tube 2, both ends of the U-shaped tube penetrating the tube sheet 3. The edge of the tube plate 3 is provided with a bidirectional annular bulge which is respectively used for welding with the heat exchange cylinder 1 and the chamber cylinder body 3. The opening of the tube plate 3 for the hole through the U-shaped tube is chamfered for a full penetration groove weld 6 between the U-shaped tube and the tube plate 3, the weld material being an o 307 stainless steel electrode or a stainless steel electrode close thereto in terms of constituent elements and/or mechanical properties. The design can ensure the welding quality, ensure long-term use and greatly prolong the service life of the condenser, and the actual operation proves that the service life of the condenser is equal to that of the main pressurized element of the boiler, thereby completely meeting the requirement of the whole-stage work of the life cycle of the product. In contrast, in the conventional condenser structure, the welding position of the tube plate 3 and the heat exchange tube 2 is easy to generate thermal fatigue, and the service life is short.
The chamber cylinder 4 is divided into an upper part and a lower part by a chamber partition plate 41, and a water inlet end partition plate with a hole is arranged at one end of the lower chamber. The tube plate 3 is further provided with a groove for embedding the chamber partition plate 41, so as to facilitate the installation of the chamber partition plate 41. The chamber end cover 5 is located at the other end of the chamber cylinder 4, and the positions of the chamber end cover 5 corresponding to the upper chamber and the lower chamber are respectively provided with a cooling water outlet connector 52 and a cooling water inlet connector 51. A cooling water inlet fitting 51 extends through the chamber end cap 5 and is connected to the opening of the hole in the water inlet end baffle. The cavity enclosed by the tube plate 3, the cavity barrel 4 and the cavity end cover 5 is divided into a water outlet cavity and a water inlet cavity by the cavity partition plate 41 and the water inlet end partition plate, and the water outlet cavity and the water inlet cavity are respectively connected with a boiler feed water inlet tube and a water outlet connecting tube through a cooling water outlet joint 52 and a cooling water inlet joint 51.
The condenser in the exemplary embodiment is made of carbon steel, and the parts and components can be installed in the following order: the tube plate 3, the U-shaped tube and the drain plate 13 are installed into a first assembly, the heat exchange cylinder body and the heat exchange cylinder end cover are welded into a second assembly, the first assembly and the second assembly are assembled and welded, and then the cavity cylinder body 4, the cavity partition plate 41, the water inlet end partition plate, the cooling water inlet joint 51, the cavity end cover 5 and the cooling water outlet joint 52 are sequentially assembled and welded on the heat exchange cylinder 1. The condenser exchanges heat in a gas-liquid countercurrent mode, and as shown in fig. 5, heat-absorbed boiler feed water enters a water inlet cavity of the condenser, flows along a U-shaped pipe, exchanges heat with saturated steam shunted from a boiler barrel in a heat exchange barrel 1, and is led out of the condenser through a water outlet cavity. Meanwhile, saturated steam enters the condenser from the upper part of the condenser from the saturated steam header 11, is changed into condensed water when being cooled in the heat exchange cylinder 1, and enters the condensed water header 12 from the lower part of the condenser to be used as a water source for spraying water and cooling superheated steam. The heat transfer mode has the advantages of small heating area, high metal utilization rate, cost saving and contribution to improving economic benefit.
The present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification, and to any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed.
Claims (9)
1. A condenser, characterized by: the heat exchanger comprises a heat exchange tube and a heat exchange tube, wherein the heat exchange tube is provided with a saturated steam inlet and a condensate outlet, and two ends of the heat exchange tube penetrate through a tube plate positioned at the port of the heat exchange tube and are respectively connected with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet through a water inlet cavity and a water outlet cavity; the water inlet cavity and the water outlet cavity are two cavities which are separated by a cavity barrel connected with the tube plate through a cavity partition plate, and a cavity end cover with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet is arranged at the other end of the cavity barrel.
2. The condenser of claim 1, wherein: and an orifice of the tube plate, which is used for penetrating through the hole of the heat exchange tube, is provided with a chamfer angle for welding the heat exchange tube with the tube plate, and a welding line is of a full penetration structure.
3. The condenser of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the water inlet cavity or the water outlet cavity is provided with an end partition plate with holes, and the cooling water inlet or the cooling water outlet is connected with the holes in the end partition plate through a cooling water inlet joint or a cooling water outlet joint.
4. The condenser of claim 1 or 2, wherein: and the cooling water inlet and the cooling water outlet are respectively provided with a cooling water inlet joint and a cooling water outlet joint.
5. The condenser of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the upper part of the heat exchange cylinder is provided with a plurality of saturated steam inlets connected with a saturated steam header, and the lower part of the heat exchange cylinder is provided with a plurality of condensed water outlets connected with a condensed water header.
6. The condenser of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the edge of the tube plate is provided with a bidirectional or unidirectional annular bulge for welding with the heat exchange cylinder and/or the chamber cylinder.
7. The condenser of claim 1 or 2, wherein: and the tube plate is provided with a groove for embedding the chamber partition plate.
8. The condenser of claim 1 or 2, wherein: the heat exchange tubes are provided with a plurality of U-shaped tubes or coiled tubes; and a drain board for guiding condensed water is arranged in the heat exchange cylinder.
9. A superheated steam attemperation system, comprising: comprising a condenser according to any one of claims 1-8 for condensing saturated steam diverted from the drum, the resulting condensed water being used for spray cooling of superheated steam.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021041930.9U CN212692568U (en) | 2020-06-08 | 2020-06-08 | Condenser and superheated steam temperature adjusting system using same |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021041930.9U CN212692568U (en) | 2020-06-08 | 2020-06-08 | Condenser and superheated steam temperature adjusting system using same |
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| CN212692568U true CN212692568U (en) | 2021-03-12 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111750691A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-10-09 | 华西能源工业股份有限公司 | Condenser, heat absorbing medium and superheated steam temperature adjusting system using same |
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2020
- 2020-06-08 CN CN202021041930.9U patent/CN212692568U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111750691A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-10-09 | 华西能源工业股份有限公司 | Condenser, heat absorbing medium and superheated steam temperature adjusting system using same |
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