CN212674757U - Silicon solar cell's section layering defect detection device that detects a flaw - Google Patents
Silicon solar cell's section layering defect detection device that detects a flaw Download PDFInfo
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- CN212674757U CN212674757U CN202021683537.XU CN202021683537U CN212674757U CN 212674757 U CN212674757 U CN 212674757U CN 202021683537 U CN202021683537 U CN 202021683537U CN 212674757 U CN212674757 U CN 212674757U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a defect detection device, especially a section layering defect detection device that detects a flaw of silicon solar cell belongs to silicon solar cell defect detection's technical field. The image collector collects photoluminescence images of light rays of each waveband emitted by the detection light source, the collected photoluminescence images are transmitted to the detection operation platform, the detection operation platform processes the required photoluminescence images to obtain detection images of different sections of the silicon solar cell, the detection images can detect the section defects of the silicon solar cell according to the obtained section detection images, the section detection of the silicon solar cell can be effectively realized, the section position of the defect can be determined for the silicon solar cell with the defect, the production efficiency of the silicon solar cell is improved, the production cost is reduced, and the detection method is safe and reliable.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a defect detection device, especially a section layering defect detection device that detects a flaw of silicon solar cell belongs to silicon solar cell defect detection's technical field.
Background
Due to the continuous perfection of the surface passivation technology of the silicon solar cell, the conversion efficiency of the crystalline silicon solar cell is continuously improved. At present, crystalline silicon solar cells (PERCs) containing double-layer passivation films on the front and the back are commercially produced in mass, the average mass production conversion efficiency of single-crystal PERC cells is over 22 percent, and the mass production efficiency of polycrystalline PERC cells is close to or over 20 percent.
Due to the gradual perfection of the surface passivation technology and the increasing improvement of the material properties of the crystalline silicon solar cell body, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the device is continuously improved. However, under the condition of continuous improvement of various technologies and performances, the device performance is seriously affected by a certain aspect of vulnerability. Therefore, the technical requirements for detecting various aspects of the device are continuously increased, and once a problem occurs, the problem point can be found accurately and quickly and can be solved well.
When proper external energy is applied to the silicon solar cell, electrons in the ground state absorb photon energy and jump to an excited state in a metastable state, so that the electrons return to the ground state in a short time and release energy, and the released energy is mainly represented by infrared light with a wave peak of 1150 nm. Thus, an infrared camera can be used to capture an image of a silicon solar cell, with the brightness of the image being related to the quality of the cell or silicon wafer. If a defect exists in a certain region, the excited electrons are trapped by the defect, and thus infrared light having a wavelength of 1150nm cannot be emitted. In the image, the defective area is darker than other areas, and appears as gray or black dots, lines, or spots. Therefore, the battery performance can be judged according to the brightness of the image.
The energy implantation of the silicon wafer can be carried out by applying voltage or light. The case of applying a voltage is called electroluminescence, but the electroluminescence mode cannot be detected in the preparation process of the silicon solar cell because the device is required to be provided with electrodes after the device is completely prepared.
The method of supplying energy by light is called photoluminescence, and is non-contact, so that the method can be suitable for various stages in the preparation process of solar cells. When a solar cell or a silicon wafer is irradiated by a certain light, the substrate absorbs photons, and since there is no electrical contact with the outside, the substrate (i.e. the solar cell or the silicon wafer, the same applies hereinafter) will emit energy in the form of photons of a certain wavelength (e.g. crystal silicon is light of 1050 nm) after a short time (usually, microsecond level). If the defects of the substrate material are few, the number of released photons is relatively large, and the luminance of the display at the non-defective position is high when the image is shot by a camera. If the defect of the substrate material is large, the number of photons released is relatively small, and the luminance of the defective display is low when the image is photographed by a camera. Therefore, the internal defect condition of the substrate can be qualitatively known through the brightness of the image.
Currently, infrared images of a given cell are integral, whether for electroluminescent or photoluminescent detection. If defects such as black spots, black points, black lines and the like appear, the section where the defects are located cannot be quickly determined, such as the front surface, the vicinity of a PN junction, the silicon wafer body and the back surface of the battery. The determination of the location of these defects also requires confirmation through experience or extensive troubleshooting experiments, and thus does not provide a general direction for rapid resolution of production or development anomaly problems. In particular, due to the presence of the dielectric passivation layer on both the front and back sides of the PERC solar cell, it is more desirable to be able to quickly determine whether the photoluminescent black speck appears on the front or back side of the solar cell.
In conclusion, the market urgently needs the technology for realizing the sectional layered detection of the silicon solar cell.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at overcoming the not enough of existence among the prior art, provide a silicon solar cell's section layering defect detection device that detects a flaw, it can effectively realize surveying silicon solar cell's section, to the silicon solar cell who has the defect, can make clear and definite the section position at defect place improves silicon solar cell production's efficiency, reduction in production cost, safe and reliable.
According to the technical scheme provided by the utility model, silicon solar cell's section layering defect detection device that detects a flaw, including the detection isolation room that is used for completely cutting off outside stray light, detect light source image mechanism that detects the usefulness, be used for the detection operation platform of detection process control and be used for carrying the battery of silicon solar cell to detect conveying mechanism, detect light source image mechanism, battery and detect conveying mechanism and all be connected with detection operation platform electricity, can carry the silicon solar cell that detects through battery detection conveying mechanism to the detection position under the detection isolation room, and can carry the silicon solar cell after detecting to the material containing box;
the detection light source image mechanism comprises a plurality of detection light sources capable of emitting light rays with different wave bands and an image collector for collecting photoluminescence images of the silicon solar cell in detection; the detection operation platform can control the required detection light source to emit light rays with different wave bands, and the light rays emitted by the detection light source can be vertically incident on the silicon solar cell at the detection position right below the detection isolation chamber after being collimated by the light collimation mechanism in the detection isolation chamber;
the image collector collects photoluminescence images of light rays of each wave band emitted by the detection light source, the collected photoluminescence images are transmitted to the detection operation platform, the detection operation platform processes the needed photoluminescence images to obtain detection images of different sections of the silicon solar cell, and the section defects of the silicon solar cell can be detected according to the obtained section detection images.
The detection light source is an LED light source, a laser light source or a light source which uses different optical filters for filtering; the wave bands of the detection light source capable of emitting light rays comprise a purple light wave band, a blue light wave band, a green light wave band, a yellow light wave band, a red light wave band, a near infrared light wave band and an infrared light wave band;
when the silicon solar cell is detected, the detection operation platform can enable the detection light source to sequentially emit light rays in a purple light wave band, light rays in a blue light wave band, light rays in a green light wave band, light rays in a yellow light wave band, light rays in a red light wave band, light rays in a near-infrared light wave band and light rays in an infrared light wave band; and sequentially acquiring photoluminescence images of the silicon solar cell under light of each waveband through an image acquisition device.
The detection light source is a plurality of mutually independent light sources, the light sources and the image collector are both installed on the light source image substrate, the light source image substrate is in adaptive connection with the substrate motion control mechanism capable of controlling the position state of the light source image substrate, when the light source image substrate is controlled to move by the substrate motion control mechanism, light emitted by the required light sources on the light image substrate can vertically enter the silicon solar cell on the detection position after passing through the light collimation mechanism, and photoluminescence images under the action of the current light sources can be collected by the image collector.
The battery detection conveying mechanism comprises a conveying belt capable of conveying the silicon solar batteries and a battery feeding mechanism capable of placing the silicon solar batteries on the conveying belt, and the battery feeding mechanism and the material storage box respectively correspond to two ends of the conveying belt;
the lower end of the detection isolation chamber is provided with a battery positioner capable of detecting the silicon solar cells on the conveying belt, the silicon solar cells are detected through the battery positioner, and the detection operation platform can control the conveying state of the conveying belt according to the detection positioning signals so as to enable the silicon solar cells to be detected to be stably stopped at the detection position.
The material storage box is positioned outside one end part of the conveying belt; the battery feeding mechanism comprises a telescopic arm and a vacuum chuck mechanism which is connected with the telescopic arm in an adaptive mode, and the telescopic arm and the vacuum chuck mechanism are electrically connected with the detection operation platform.
The detection isolation room is positioned in the detection shell, a partition plate is further arranged in the detection shell and positioned above the detection isolation room, and a detection power supply capable of providing a working power supply required by the detection operation platform, the battery detection and conveying mechanism and the detection light source image mechanism is arranged on the partition plate.
The utility model has the advantages that: the photoluminescence image of each wave band light emitted by the detection light source is collected through the image collector, the collected photoluminescence image is transmitted to the detection operation platform, the detection operation platform processes the required photoluminescence image to obtain the detection image of different sections of the silicon solar cell, so that the detection image of the section of the silicon solar cell can be right according to the obtained detection image of the section, the detection of the section of the silicon solar cell can be effectively realized, the detection of the section of the silicon solar cell can be realized, the section position of the defect can be determined for the silicon solar cell with the defect, the production efficiency of the silicon solar cell is improved, the production cost is reduced, and the detection operation platform is safe and reliable.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the utility model discloses detect light source image mechanism and detect isolator complex sketch.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the conveyor belt cooperating with the detection controller and the detection power supply of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the utility model discloses the battery detects conveying mechanism and detects operation platform and detection controller complex sketch map.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for detecting a silicon solar cell by using multiband light.
Description of reference numerals: 1-detection shell, 2-detection power supply, 3-detection isolation chamber, 4-silicon solar cell, 5-conveyor belt, 6-material storage box, 7-light collimation mechanism, 8-image collector, 9-motor, 10-detection light source, 11-universal wheel, 12-vacuum chuck mechanism, 13-telescopic arm, 14-detection operation platform, 15-partition plate, 16-connecting cable, 17-detection controller, 18-cell locator and 19-light source image substrate.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following specific drawings and examples.
As shown in fig. 1: in order to effectively realize the detection of the section of the silicon solar cell 4, the section position of the defect can be determined for the silicon solar cell 4 with the defect, the production efficiency of the silicon solar cell 4 is improved, and the production cost is reduced, the utility model discloses a detection isolation room 3 for isolating external stray light, a detection light source image mechanism for detection, a detection operation platform 14 for detection process control and a battery detection conveying mechanism for conveying the silicon solar cell 4, the detection light source image mechanism and the battery detection conveying mechanism are all electrically connected with the detection operation platform 14, the silicon solar cell 4 to be detected can be conveyed to the detection position right below the detection isolation room 3 through the battery detection conveying mechanism, and the silicon solar cell 4 after detection can be conveyed into the material storage box 6;
the detection light source image mechanism comprises a plurality of detection light sources 10 capable of emitting light rays with different wave bands and an image collector 8 for collecting photoluminescence images of the silicon solar cell 4 in detection; the detection operation platform 14 can control the required detection light source 10 to emit light rays with different wave bands, and the light rays emitted by the detection light source 10 can be vertically incident on the silicon solar cell 4 at the detection position right below the detection isolation chamber 3 after being collimated by the light collimation mechanism 7 in the detection isolation chamber 3;
the image collector 8 collects photoluminescence images of light rays of each wave band emitted by the detection light source 10, the collected photoluminescence images are transmitted to the detection operation platform 14, the detection operation platform 14 processes the required photoluminescence images to obtain detection images of different sections of the silicon solar cell 4, and the section defects of the silicon solar cell 4 can be detected according to the obtained section detection images.
Specifically, the detection isolation chamber 3 can shield external stray light, so that light rays with required wave bands can act on the silicon solar cell 4, the purpose of required photoluminescence is achieved, and the detection accuracy is improved. The lower part in the detection isolation chamber 3 is provided with a light collimation mechanism 7, and the light collimation mechanism 7 can collimate the light of the detection light source 10, so that the light of the detection light source 10 can be vertically incident on the silicon solar cell 4. The light collimating mechanism 7 may adopt an existing collimating objective, and a specific implementation form may be selected as needed, as long as the light of the detection light source 10 is collimated and then vertically incident on the silicon solar cell 4, which is not described herein again. In addition, the light irradiation area after being collimated by the light collimating mechanism 7 is generally not smaller than the area of the silicon solar cell 4, so that the whole silicon solar cell 4 can be excited to generate specific infrared light, and the specific infrared light means that the wavelength of the infrared light generated by excitation is 1150 nm.
Can realize the transport to silicon solar cell 4 through battery detection conveying mechanism, transport including transporting silicon solar cell 4 to the detection position under detecting isolator 3 to silicon solar cell 4, and carry silicon solar cell 4 after detecting to material receiver 6 in. The detection position right below the detection isolation chamber 3 is generally the lower position corresponding to the light collimation mechanism 7, and when the silicon solar cell 4 is arranged at the detection position, the light of the detection light source 10 can be vertically incident on the silicon solar cell 4 after being collimated by the light collimation mechanism 7.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, detect operation platform 14 and can adopt hardware equipment realization such as computer, detect operation platform 14 and battery detection conveying mechanism and detect light source image mechanism electricity and be connected, detect operation platform 14 can control the battery promptly and detect conveying mechanism and detect the operating condition of light source image mechanism.
During specific implementation, the detection light source 10 can emit light rays of different wave bands, photoluminescence images of the silicon solar cell 4 can be collected through the image collector 8, the image collector 8 can adopt a camera capable of collecting the existing photoluminescence images or electroluminescence images, specific types can be selected as required, and the specific types are known to those skilled in the art and are not described herein any more.
When the defect detection is performed on the silicon solar cell 4, the silicon solar cell 4 is irradiated with light rays of different wave bands of the detection light source 10, so that the silicon solar cell 4 is in a photoluminescence state. When the silicon solar cell 4 is in a photoluminescence state, the image collector 8 is used for collecting photoluminescence images under the current wave band, and the photoluminescence images under different wave bands collected by the image collector 8 are all transmitted into the detection operation platform 14. The silicon solar cell 4 absorbs different light rays in different wave bands, so that photoluminescence images in different wave bands are different, and the detection operation platform 14 processes the photoluminescence images collected in all the wave bands to obtain detection images of different sections of the silicon solar cell 4, so that the section defects of the silicon solar cell 4 can be detected according to the obtained section detection images.
Further, the detection light source 10 is an LED light source, a laser light source, or a light source filtered by using different filters; the wave bands of the detection light source 10 capable of emitting light include a purple light wave band, a blue light wave band, a green light wave band, a yellow light wave band, a red light wave band, a near infrared light wave band and an infrared light wave band;
when the silicon solar cell 4 is detected, the detection operation platform 14 can enable the detection light source 10 to sequentially emit light rays in a purple light waveband, light rays in a blue light waveband, light rays in a green light waveband, light rays in a yellow light waveband, light rays in a red light waveband, light rays in a near infrared light waveband and light rays in an infrared light waveband; and sequentially collecting photoluminescence images of the silicon solar cells 4 under light of each wave band through an image collector 8.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, the wavelength of purple light wave band is 400nm ~450nm, and the wavelength of blue light wave band is 450nm ~480nm, and the wavelength of green light wave band is 500nm ~560nm, and the wavelength of yellow light wave band is 580nm ~595nm, and the wavelength of ruddiness wave band is 605nm ~780nm, and the wavelength of near-infrared light wave band is 780nm ~900nm, and the wavelength of infrared light wave band is 900nm ~1200 nm. The detection light source 10 may be an LED light source, a laser light source, or a light source using green light of different filters, and the specific type may be selected as needed as long as it can generate light of the above wavelength band, which is not described herein again.
In specific implementation, when fault detection is performed on the section layering defects of the silicon solar cell 4, the wave bands of light emitted by the light source are sequentially started from short wave (purple light) to long wave (infrared light) irradiation, and the light of each wave band is irradiated independently. When the silicon solar cell 4 is irradiated, the intensity of the light rays of different wave bands needs to meet the photoluminescence condition of the silicon solar cell 4, so that the absorption characteristics of the silicon solar cell 4 on the color light of different wave bands are utilized, and the color light of different wave bands can be transmitted to different depth positions inside the silicon solar cell, as shown in fig. 5.
In fig. 5, light sources of different wavelength bands are absorbed by the silicon solar cell 4 to different extents, and thus, the depths at which their photon energies are incident into the silicon solar cell 4 are also different. Short-wave energy can be absorbed near the surface, and as the wavelength becomes longer, the depth of arrival of absorbed photons increases. N in fig. 5 is the number of the band light sources, and when the above bands include a violet band, a blue band, a green band, a yellow band, a red band, a near-infrared band, and an infrared band, n is 7, and other cases are similar and will not be described herein again.
As shown in fig. 2, the detection light source 10 is a plurality of mutually independent light sources, the light sources and the image collector 8 are both installed on the light source image substrate 19, the light source image substrate 19 is in adaptive connection with a substrate motion control mechanism capable of controlling the position state of the light source image substrate 19, when the light source image substrate 19 is controlled by the substrate motion control mechanism to move, light rays emitted by the light sources required on the light source image substrate 19 can vertically enter the silicon solar cell 4 on the detection position after passing through the light collimation mechanism 7, and photoluminescence images under the action of the current light sources can be collected by the image collector 8.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, detecting light source 10 is a plurality of mutually independent luminescent light source, and luminescent light source can be LED light source or laser source, can obtain the light of launching different wave bands through the luminescent light source of difference, and the quantity of specific light source is not less than the quantity that above-mentioned detecting light source 10 produced the light wave band. The light source image substrate 19 may be in an existing form, such as an aluminum substrate, and the light emitting sources may be arranged on the light source image substrate 19 as needed, such as in a circular arrangement, that is, a plurality of light emitting sources are circular on the light source image substrate 19, and the image collector 8 may be located in the center of the enclosed circular shape. When the plurality of light sources are circular on the light source image substrate 19, the substrate motion control controls the motion state of the light source image substrate 19 to be rotation, and when the light source image substrate 19 rotates, light rays of different light sources can be vertically incident on the silicon solar cell 4 at the detection position through the light collimation mechanism 7. The light source image substrate 19 rotates, specifically, the light source image substrate 19 rotates around the center circumference of the light source image substrate 19, and the image collector 8 is generally located in the center of the light source image substrate 19, so that when light rays of different light sources pass through the light collimation mechanism 7 and can vertically enter the silicon solar cell 4 at the detection position, the image collector 8 can be always located in the center of the light source image substrate 19, and generally, the image collector 8 is located right above the light collimation mechanism 7, that is, right above the silicon solar cell 4 at the detection position.
In addition, when the plurality of light sources are distributed on the light source image substrate 19 in other ways, the substrate motion control mechanism needs to make the motion of the light source image substrate 19 correspond to the distribution of the light sources, that is, when each light source needs to work independently, the light generated by the light source needs to pass through the light collimation mechanism 7 and be vertically incident on the silicon solar cell 4 at the detection position. Typically, the substrate motion control mechanism comprises a motor 9, i.e. the light source image substrate 19 can be driven by the motor 9 to perform the required motion. Of course, after the plurality of light-emitting sources are disposed on the light source image substrate 19, the light source image substrate 19 is also positioned and kept stable, as long as each light-emitting source can be enabled to operate, light emitted by each light-emitting source can vertically enter the silicon solar cell 4 on the detection position through the light collimation mechanism 7, at this time, it is also ensured that the image collector 8 can meet the collection condition of the photoluminescence image of the silicon solar cell 4 on the detection position, and details are not repeated here. In fig. 2, the light source image substrate 19 is located at the upper part of the detection isolation chamber 3, of course, the light source image substrate 19 may also be located in the detection isolation chamber 3, and the specific position may be selected as required so as not to affect the detection of the silicon solar cell 4.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the battery detection conveying mechanism includes a conveyor belt 5 capable of conveying silicon solar cells 4 and a battery loading mechanism capable of placing the silicon solar cells 4 on the conveyor belt 5, and the battery loading mechanism and the material storage box 6 respectively correspond to two ends of the conveyor belt 5;
the lower end part of the detection isolation chamber 3 is provided with a battery positioner 18 capable of detecting the silicon solar battery 4 on the conveyor belt 5, the detection operation platform 14 can control the conveying state of the conveyor belt 5 according to the detection positioning signal through the detection of the battery positioner 18 on the silicon solar battery 4, so that the silicon solar battery 4 to be detected can stably stay at the detection position.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, conveyer belt 5 can adopt current form, can realize the transport to silicon solar cell 4 through conveyer belt 5 to finally carry the silicon solar cell 4 after detecting to material receiver 6 in. The battery feed mechanism can place the conveyer belt 5 with the silicon solar cell 4 of depositing on, 5 at conveyer belt 5 to silicon solar cell 4 transportation process, silicon solar cell 4 can be kept somewhere at the detection position, is convenient for detect.
In order to ensure that the silicon solar cell 4 can accurately stay at the detection position, the lower end of the detection isolation chamber 3 is provided with the cell positioner 18, the cell positioner 18 can adopt forms such as an infrared positioner and a proximity switch, and can be selected according to actual needs, so long as the effective positioning of the silicon solar cell 4 can be realized, and the silicon solar cell 4 can be ensured to be in the detection position. When any silicon solar cell 4 is located at the detection position, the conveyor belt 5 needs to stop moving, so that the silicon solar cell 4 at the detection position can have enough time to perform detection. After 5 stops to the time of settlement when the conveyer belt, 5 need carry the silicon solar cell 4 after detecting to commodity circulation receiver 6 in, simultaneously, wait to detect silicon solar cell 4 of follow-up and carry to the detection position once more, so reciprocating cycle can realize the automated inspection to silicon solar cell 4, improves the efficiency that detects.
Further, the material storage box 6 is positioned outside one end part of the conveyor belt 5; the battery feeding mechanism comprises a telescopic arm 13 and a vacuum chuck mechanism 12 which is connected with the telescopic arm 13 in an adaptive mode, and the telescopic arm 13 and the vacuum chuck mechanism 12 are electrically connected with a detection operation platform 14.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, outside material receiver 6 was located the tip of conveyer belt 5, material receiver 6 can adopt the current form of accomodating commonly used, as long as can realize all can to accomodating of silicon solar cell 4, and here is no longer repeated. The telescopic arm 13 and the vacuum chuck mechanism 12 can adopt the existing common form, the telescopic arm 13 can realize the change of the arm length, the vacuum chuck mechanism 12 generally comprises a chuck and a vacuum pump, and of course, other realization forms can also be adopted, the silicon solar cell 4 can be adsorbed and then placed on the conveyor belt 5 through the cooperation of the vacuum chuck mechanism 12 and the telescopic arm 13, and the vacuum chuck mechanism 12 and the telescopic arm 12 cooperate to realize the effect of a manipulator for holding the silicon solar cell 4.
Further, the detection isolation chamber 3 is located in the detection shell 1, a partition 15 is further arranged in the detection shell 1, the partition 15 is located above the detection isolation chamber 3, and the detection power supply 2 capable of providing a working power supply required by the detection operation platform 14, the battery detection conveying mechanism and the detection light source image mechanism is arranged on the partition 15.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, detect casing 1 and be located the top of conveyer belt 5, and can not influence the operation of conveyer belt 5, detect isolation room 3 and be located and detect casing 1. The partition 15 can be parallel to the conveyor belt 5, and the bottom of the frame of the conveyor belt 5 is provided with a universal wheel 11, so that the movement of the conveyor belt 5 can be realized through the universal wheel 11. Can separate two parts about forming through baffle 15 with detecting casing 1, wherein, detect power 2 and be located baffle 15 top, detect power 2 and can adopt current commonly used form, as long as satisfy to detect operation platform 14, battery detection conveying mechanism, detect the power supply needs of light source image mechanism.
In addition, a detection controller 17 is further arranged above the partition 15, the detection controller 17 can adopt the existing commonly used control form, the detection controller 17 is matched with the detection operation platform 14 to realize the control of the detection process of the silicon solar cell 4, namely, the detection operation platform 14 is electrically connected and matched with the detection light source image mechanism and the cell detection transmission and conveying mechanism through the detection controller 17. The detection controller 17 is electrically connected with the detection operation platform 14 through a connecting cable 16.
In specific work, the detection operation platform 14 is controlled to be in an initial state, and the conveyor belt 5 operates according to set parameters to wait for receiving the silicon solar cells 4. The detection controller 17 is reset to automatically calibrate the parameters of the image collector 8 and confirm the angles of the detection light source 10 and the image collector 8. The telescopic arm 13 drives the vacuum chuck mechanism 12 to automatically park to the left feeding end of the conveyor belt 5, and the vacuum pump is started to enable the vacuum chuck mechanism 12 to have suction force to adsorb the silicon solar cells 4.
Reasonable running parameters of the conveyor belt 5 are matched through the detection operating platform 14, the stay time of the silicon wafer below the light collimation mechanism 7 is set, and the processing time is 0.1s to 600s, so that sufficient image data can be acquired through the image acquisition device 8.
The power supply 2 is set through the detection operation platform 14 to correspond to the working parameters of the light sources in different wave bands, so that the light sources in different wave bands can output matched current and voltage when working. The luminous intensity can be adjusted at will between 0 and 50 standard sunlight intensities, so that the silicon solar cell 4 can be excited to generate infrared light, and the image collector 8 is utilized to collect photoluminescence images.
The parameters of the image collector 8, the angle of the detection light source 10 and the power output are set through the detection operation platform 14, the adjustment and calibration are carried out through the detection controller 17, and a display interface is matched with the detection operation platform 14, so that a clear and accurate image picture is obtained.
Through the detection controller 17, after the battery positioner 18 on the right side detects the solar battery piece, the conveyor belt will automatically stop, and will automatically send a signal requesting to turn on the detection light source 10 and the image collector 8 to the detection controller 17, and enter the test.
When the light irradiation of the first waveband is finished and the photoluminescence image data acquisition is finished through the image acquisition device 8, the detection controller 17 starts the next irradiation of the next waveband light to perform the new irradiation, specifically, the next irradiation is started from the short wave (violet light) in sequence until the long wave (infrared light) irradiation is finished, and the light of each waveband is irradiated independently.
And after all the light sources finish irradiation, the conveyor belt 5 automatically runs, conveys the tested silicon solar cell away, conveys a new silicon solar cell 4 to be tested again, and repeatedly tests.
For the photoluminescence image information processing of collecting light of each waveband by the image collector 8, the following is specific: the wave bands irradiated by the detection light source 10 are sequentially started from short wave (purple light) to long wave (infrared light) irradiation, and all wave band light rays are irradiated independently. Therefore, the first image is a photoluminescence image after the first short-wave light irradiation, namely the first photoluminescence image, the first photoluminescence image is processed to obtain a corresponding gray image, the gray image is a first section image, and the front surface state of the silicon solar cell 4 can be reflected by using the first section image.
And shooting light rays of a second wave band to obtain a second photoluminescence image, carrying out gray level processing on the second photoluminescence image, subtracting the gray level value of the first photoluminescence image from the gray level value of the second photoluminescence image to obtain the gray level difference value of corresponding points of the second photoluminescence image, recombining a new picture by using the difference value of the gray level values of each pixel point to obtain a second section image, and reflecting the state of the deeper position section by using the second section image.
And shooting a photoluminescence image after the light of the third waveband is irradiated to obtain a third photoluminescence image, carrying out gray level processing on the third photoluminescence image, subtracting the gray level value of the pixel point of the third photoluminescence image from the gray level value of the pixel point of the second photoluminescence image to obtain a gray level difference value of the pixel point corresponding to the third photoluminescence image, and endowing a new image with each pixel point difference value on the third photoluminescence image, namely the third section image. And analogizing in turn, after the light rays with different wavelengths are switched each time, subtracting the irradiation of the light ray with the previous wavelength from the pixel value of the photoluminescence image of the silicon solar cell 4 shot again to obtain the corresponding point gray value of the photoluminescence image, and recombining the results obtained after subtraction into a new picture, namely a new section image.
As is clear from the description of the related art, after different cross-sectional images are obtained, the defect condition can be visually judged from the cross-sectional images. When the photoluminescence image is processed, each pixel point is displayed in gray scale, the gray scale display may be a code of 0-255, 0 represents full black, and 255 represents full white, or a higher code form, such as a form of 0-511, may also be adopted, and the specific gray scale processing mode may be selected according to actual needs, and is not described herein again.
In the automatic processing, the vacuum chuck mechanism 12 sucks the silicon solar cells 4 from the placement area by the movement of the telescopic arm 13 in the horizontal and vertical directions, and places them on the conveyor belt 5 at set intervals. After the silicon solar cell 4 is released, the telescopic arm 13 drives the vacuum chuck mechanism 12 to return to the left feeding end to wait for continuous taking of the silicon solar cell. After the conveyer belt 5 runs for a set distance, the telescopic arm 13 and the vacuum chuck mechanism 12 repeat the above steps to place a new silicon solar cell 4 until all the silicon solar cells 4 are processed.
In the image acquisition and processing process, firstly, in the detection isolation chamber 3 for isolating the stray light of the external environment, the detection light source 10 is driven and controlled by the power supply 2 to sequentially generate light rays with different wave bands, namely, the silicon solar cell 4 is sequentially irradiated from the short wave band to the long wave band, so that the silicon solar cell 4 is excited to generate photoluminescence under the corresponding wave band. And then, collecting the photoluminescence image of the silicon solar cell 4 by using the image collector 8, and regulating parameters such as exposure time, contrast and the like of the image collector 8 through the detection controller 17 to collect the photoluminescence image of the silicon solar cell 4. Then, the photoluminescence images of the silicon solar cell 4 generated after the irradiation of the light rays with different wave bands are processed through the detection operation platform 14, so that the photoluminescence images capable of independently showing a certain section of the silicon solar cell 4 are obtained. Finally, the detection image information of each section of the silicon solar cell 4 is displayed and stored on the interface of the detection operation platform 14. The person skilled in the art can directly judge the section defect of the silicon solar cell 4 according to the detection image information of the silicon solar cell 4 corresponding to the section of the cell 4.
Claims (6)
1. A section layering defect detection device of silicon solar cell, characterized by: the detection device comprises a detection isolation chamber (3) for isolating external stray light, a detection light source image mechanism for detection, a detection operation platform (14) for detecting process control and a battery detection conveying mechanism for conveying silicon solar cells (4), wherein the detection light source image mechanism and the battery detection conveying mechanism are electrically connected with the detection operation platform (14), the silicon solar cells (4) to be detected can be conveyed to a detection position right below the detection isolation chamber (3) through the battery detection conveying mechanism, and the detected silicon solar cells (4) can be conveyed into a material storage box (6);
the detection light source image mechanism comprises a plurality of detection light sources (10) capable of emitting light rays with different wave bands and an image collector (8) for collecting photoluminescence images of the silicon solar cell (4) in detection; the detection operation platform (14) can control the required detection light source (10) to emit light rays with different wave bands, and the light rays emitted by the detection light source (10) can be vertically incident on the silicon solar cell (4) at a detection position right below the detection isolation chamber (3) after being collimated by the light collimation mechanism (7) in the detection isolation chamber (3);
the photoluminescence image of each wave band light emitted by the detection light source (10) is collected through the image collector (8), and the collected photoluminescence image is transmitted to the detection operation platform (14).
2. The device for detecting a fault of a cross-section of a silicon solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: the detection light source (10) is an LED light source, a laser light source or a light source which uses different optical filters for filtering; the wave bands of the detection light source (10) capable of emitting light rays comprise a purple light wave band, a blue light wave band, a green light wave band, a yellow light wave band, a red light wave band, a near infrared light wave band and an infrared light wave band.
3. The device for detecting a fault in a cross-section of a silicon solar cell according to claim 2, wherein: the detection light source (10) is a plurality of mutually independent light sources, the light sources and the image collector (8) are installed on the light source image substrate, the light source image substrate is connected with the substrate motion control mechanism capable of controlling the position state of the light source image substrate in an adaptive mode, when the light source image substrate is controlled to move through the substrate motion control mechanism, light emitted by the required light sources on the light image substrate can vertically enter the silicon solar cell (4) on the detection position after passing through the light collimation mechanism (7), and photoluminescence images under the action of the current light sources can be collected through the image collector (8).
4. The device for detecting a fault of a cross-section of a silicon solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: the battery detection and conveying mechanism comprises a conveying belt (5) capable of conveying the silicon solar batteries (4) and a battery feeding mechanism capable of placing the silicon solar batteries (4) on the conveying belt (5), and the battery feeding mechanism and the material storage box (6) respectively correspond to two ends of the conveying belt (5);
the lower end part of the detection isolation chamber (3) is provided with a battery positioner (18) capable of detecting the silicon solar cells (4) on the conveyor belt (5), the silicon solar cells (4) are detected through the battery positioner (18), and the detection operation platform (14) can control the conveying state of the conveyor belt (5) according to the detection positioning signals so that the silicon solar cells (4) to be detected can stably stay at the detection position.
5. The device for detecting the fault detection of the sectional layered defect of the silicon solar cell according to claim 4, wherein: the material storage box (6) is positioned outside one end part of the conveyor belt (5); the battery feeding mechanism comprises a telescopic arm (13) and a vacuum sucker mechanism (12) which is connected with the telescopic arm (13) in an adaptive mode, and the telescopic arm (13) and the vacuum sucker mechanism (12) are electrically connected with the detection operation platform (14).
6. The device for detecting a fault of a cross-section of a silicon solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: detect isolation room (3) and be located detection casing (1), still set up baffle (15) in detecting casing (1), baffle (15) are located the top that detects isolation room (3) set up on baffle (15) and can provide detection operation platform (14), battery detection conveying mechanism, detect the required working power supply's of light source image mechanism detection power supply (2).
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