CN212621778U - Device for sampling micro-domain soil under different pollution scenes - Google Patents
Device for sampling micro-domain soil under different pollution scenes Download PDFInfo
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- CN212621778U CN212621778U CN202021219594.2U CN202021219594U CN212621778U CN 212621778 U CN212621778 U CN 212621778U CN 202021219594 U CN202021219594 U CN 202021219594U CN 212621778 U CN212621778 U CN 212621778U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a device and a method for sampling micro-domain soil in different pollution situations, wherein the device comprises a non-cover cylinder body and a plurality of circular interlayer layers, the circular interlayer layers are detachably and horizontally fixed in a hollow inner cavity of the non-cover cylinder body, the circular interlayer layers comprise an inner circular ring, an outer circular ring and a soil bearing net, the inner circular ring and the outer circular ring divide the circular interlayer layers into a plurality of annular hollow spaces, and the inner circular ring and the outer circular ring both have certain thickness; the bottom of the circular interlayer is fixedly attached with a soil bearing net, and a plurality of spokes passing through the center are fixed on the soil bearing net. The device can simulate different pollution modes and different rainfall degrees when in use, simultaneously realize the sampling of millimeter-scale micro-domain soil in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of different pollution scenes, meet the requirements of soil physical and chemical index determination, pollutant concentration monitoring and microorganism phase analysis, and analyze the influence of pollutants in the micro-domain space on soil physical and chemical properties and microorganisms by expecting the concentration gradient characteristics of the pollutants in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the micro-domain space.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the place pollution research, concretely relates to a device that is used for different pollution sight micro domain soil sampling.
Background
Soil is used as a heterogeneous porous medium and is a complex system consisting of various micro-domains under different physicochemical gradients and environmental conditions. The soil micro-domain refers to an area in which some soil and the whole soil have great differences in properties and have great significance on soil productivity, and can be divided into rhizosphere micro-domain soil and fertile micro-domain soil. The influence range of rhizosphere micro-domains on most parameters such as soil pH, enzymes, nutrients, excess elements and the like is 0.5-4 mm, but the influence range can exceed 4mm for gas, nitrate, water and oxidation-reduction potential. The micro-area of the fertilizer field is a special environment caused by inorganic or organic fertilizer input into the soil and near the fertilizer and fertilizer grains, and in the micro-area, the concentration of the fertilizer is several times or tens times of that of the whole soil body, so that the physicochemical properties and the microbial activity of the soil are changed. Spatial studies based on the micro-domain level show that more than 80% of the bacteria in the soil inhabit the micro-pore spaces of the soil stabilizing aggregates, as the micro-pores provide the most favorable moisture and nutrient conditions.
Because of the high heterogeneity of soils, the importance of some of these micro-domain environments even outweighs the soil as a whole. Under different pollution situations, inorganic or organic pollutants are input into soil, a special environment is caused near the pollutants, a steep pollution concentration gradient is formed, and the physical and chemical properties of the soil and microorganisms inhabiting in a micro-domain space are obviously influenced. At present, research on the micro-domain structure of the soil in the polluted site is not sufficient, and the micro-domain structure of the soil in the polluted site is not sufficient for analyzing the physical and chemical properties, the pollutant concentration and the microorganisms of the soil in the micro-domain of the soil in the site under different pollution types and rainfall intensities. In addition, the millimeter-scale simulation and sampling in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the micro-domain structure are difficult to realize simultaneously due to the limitation of a simulation device.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to overcome shortcoming and not enough among the prior art, and provide a device that is used for different pollution sight micro domain soil sampling, through simulating different pollution modes (single pollution-combined pollution, low concentration pollutes-high concentration pollution, the pulsed pollutes-pressure type pollutes) and different rainfall degrees (average rainfall, the biggest rainfall), realize polluting the sampling of sight horizontal direction and vertical direction millimeter level micro domain soil to different, satisfy soil physicochemical index survey, pollutant concentration monitoring and microorganism requirement of mutually analyzing, with the phase of visiting the pollutant at micro domain space level and vertical direction concentration gradient characteristic, the influence of pollutant to soil physicochemical property and microorganism in the analytic micro domain space.
The utility model discloses the concrete technical scheme who adopts as follows:
a device for sampling micro-domain soil in different pollution situations comprises a uncovered cylinder and a plurality of circular interlayers, wherein the circular interlayers are detachably and horizontally fixed in a hollow inner cavity of the uncovered cylinder, the joints of the peripheral circumferences of the circular interlayers and the inner wall of the uncovered cylinder are closed, and the adjacent circular interlayers are arranged in a fit manner;
the circular interlayer comprises inner circular rings, outer circular rings and a soil bearing net, the inner circular rings are coaxially sleeved, the outer circular rings are coaxially sleeved on the outer sides of all the inner circular rings, the distances among the circular rings of the circular interlayer are equal, and the inner circular rings and the outer circular rings divide the circular interlayer into a plurality of annular hollow spaces; the inner ring and the outer ring are both provided with a certain thickness, the inner ring is made of a permeable membrane material, and the outer ring is made of a rigid material; the bottom of circular interlayer is laminated and fixed with and holds the soil net for accept soil, hold and be fixed with a plurality of spokes through the center on the soil net.
Preferably, the thickness of the circular interlayer is 1mm, and the circular interlayer comprises not less than 4 inner rings.
Preferably, the diameter of the meshes of the soil bearing net is 5-15 μm, and a nylon material or a stainless steel material is adopted; the spokes are made of rigid materials.
Preferably, a plurality of through holes are formed in the bottom of the uncovered cylinder body, the hole diameter is 1-3 mm, and the through holes are uniformly distributed in the bottom of the uncovered cylinder body.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model, following beneficial effect has:
1) the device provided by the utility model can be used for different polluted site environments, and can realize the simulation of different pollution types (single pollution-composite pollution, low-concentration pollution-high-concentration pollution, pulse type pollution-pressure type pollution) and different rainfall degrees (average rainfall and maximum rainfall);
2) the device provided by the utility model adopts a circular ring structure in the horizontal direction, and a plurality of circular interlayers are stacked in the vertical direction, so that the millimeter-scale micro-area soil can be distinguished and sample collected in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction under different pollution situations;
3) the utility model provides a device can satisfy the soil sample volume requirement of soil physicochemical index survey, pollutant concentration monitoring and microorganism phase analysis under the millimeter level yardstick when using to find out the pollutant in millimeter level micro domain level and vertical direction concentration gradient characteristic in phase, the influence of pollutant to soil physicochemical property and microorganism in the analytic micro domain space.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the device of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of the inventive apparatus;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a single circular spacer in the device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the assembly of a plurality of circular spacers in the device of the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a cover-free barrel body 1, a circular interlayer 2, an inner circular ring 3, an outer circular ring 4, spokes 5 and a soil bearing net 6.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated and described with reference to the drawings and embodiments. The utility model discloses in the technical characteristics of each embodiment under the prerequisite that does not conflict each other, all can carry out corresponding combination.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the device for sampling micro-area soil in different pollution situations comprises a uncovered cylinder 1 and a plurality of circular interlayers 2, wherein the circular interlayers 2 are horizontally fixed in a hollow inner cavity of the uncovered cylinder 1, the connection part of the peripheral circumference of the circular interlayers 2 and the inner wall of the uncovered cylinder 1 is closed, and a detachable fixing mode is adopted between the circular interlayers 2 and the hollow inner cavity of the uncovered cylinder 1, so that the circular interlayers 2 can be taken out of the hollow inner cavity of the uncovered cylinder 1 subsequently. In practical application, the circular interlayer 2 of the lowest layer can be arranged at the bottom of the uncovered cylinder 1, namely, the circular interlayer is attached to the bottom of the uncovered cylinder 1. At this time, a plurality of through holes are formed in the bottom of the uncovered cylinder 1, the hole diameter is 1-3 mm, and the through holes are uniformly distributed in the bottom of the uncovered cylinder 1. The purpose of opening the through hole is to simulate the situation that pollutants are lost in the vertical direction in soil, and prevent the pollutants from accumulating in the circular interlayer 2 of the lowest layer to influence the simulation accuracy.
As shown in fig. 3 to 4, the circular isolation layer 2 includes an inner circular ring 3, an outer circular ring 4 and a soil bearing net 6, and the thickness of the circular isolation layer 2 is generally 1mm to distinguish soil in each micro-area. The inner ring 3 can be arranged in a plurality of numbers according to the needs, and the number is not less than 4. The inner circular rings 3 are coaxially sleeved with each other, and the outer circular rings 4 are coaxially sleeved on the outermost sides of all the inner circular rings 3. The distance between the adjacent inner circular rings 3 is equal, the distance between the adjacent inner circular rings 3 is also equal to the distance between the outermost inner circular ring 3 and the outermost outer circular ring 4, namely, the distances between all the circular rings of the circular interlayer 2 are equal, and the circular interlayer 2 is divided into a plurality of annular hollow spaces by the inner circular rings 3 and the outer circular rings 4. The inner circular ring 3 and the outer circular ring 4 both have a certain thickness which is the same as that of the circular interlayer 2 and is 1 mm. In order to enable the pollution to permeate in the horizontal direction after no addition, the inner circular ring 3 adopts a water permeable membrane material, such as a hollow fiber membrane or an ultrafiltration membrane. In order to prevent the inner ring 3 from being crushed or displaced when the circular partition layers 2 are overlapped, the outer ring 4 is made of rigid material, thereby playing a supporting role. The bottom of the circular interlayer 2 is fixedly attached with a soil bearing net 6, and the soil bearing net 6 is used for bearing soil. In order to prevent the soil from flowing out of the soil bearing net 6, the diameter of the meshes of the soil bearing net 6 can be 5-15 μm, and a nylon material or a stainless steel material is adopted. In order to prevent the soil bearing net 6 from deforming in the horizontal direction and have better supporting effect, a plurality of spokes 5 passing through the center are further fixed on the soil bearing net 6, and the spokes 5 should be made of rigid materials so as to prevent the soil bearing net 6 from deforming.
As shown in figure 5, the adjacent circular partition layers 2 are arranged in a fitting manner. Because the circular interlayer 2 has a certain thickness, soil is positioned between every two adjacent circular interlayers 2 when in use and is supported by the soil supporting net 6.
The method for sampling soil by using the device comprises the following steps:
1) and (3) pretreating the soil with different layers, wherein the pretreatment process comprises the steps of refining and drying the soil. The method comprises the steps of uniformly paving different layers of pretreated soil on different circular interlayers 2, sequentially placing a plurality of circular interlayers 2 filled with different layers of soil into a hollow inner cavity of a uncovered cylinder 1 from the upper part of the uncovered cylinder 1, fixing the circular interlayers 2 at corresponding height positions of the inner wall of the uncovered cylinder 1, namely arranging and stacking according to the height positions of different layers of soil, and ensuring the height sequence of the different layers of soil.
2) After filling, according to the pollutant type and the concentration of the site investigation, add the exogenous pollutant from the centre of a circle department of the circular interlayer 2 of the top layer to each layering soil, the kind of exogenous pollutant can be disposed as required in a flexible way, the position of adding the exogenous pollutant is the centre of a circle department of the circular interlayer 2 of the top layer or the whole plane of the circular interlayer 2 of the top layer, the mode of adding the exogenous pollutant includes single pollution-combined pollution, low concentration pollution-high concentration pollution, pulsed pollution-pressure type pollution, wherein, the mode of adding single pollution-combined pollution is: respectively preparing solutions of heavy metals such as chromium, arsenic and the like, solutions of organic pollutants such as halohydrocarbon, polychlorinated biphenyl and the like, and composite solutions of heavy metals and organic pollutants such as mixed solutions of chromium and polychlorinated biphenyl, wherein the mixed solutions serve as exogenous pollutants and are added in a uniform spraying manner; the low-concentration pollution-high-concentration pollution is added in the following mode: determining the concentration level of the pollutants through the research of the existing literature data or the field investigation of a polluted site, and if the addition amount of exogenous arsenic in the soil is 20mg/kg as a low-concentration pollution addition value and 100mg/kg as a high-concentration addition value, adding the exogenous arsenic in the soil in a uniform spraying mode; the pulse type pollution-pressure type pollution adding mode is as follows: the pulse type adding mode is to add pollutants in a discontinuous mode, for example, adding exogenous pollutants every 1 day for 5 times in total; the pollutant is added in a pressure type adding mode, namely, a continuous mode is adopted, for example, exogenous pollutants are continuously and uniformly sprayed for 48 hours.
After the addition of the exogenous contaminants, the simulated rainwater was leached into the stratified soil above the uncovered cylinder 1. The rainfall intensity of the simulated rainwater can be obtained by conversion according to the average rainfall in unit time as required or by simulating the rainfall intensity under the rainstorm condition according to the maximum rainfall.
3) When soil samples of different layering are collected, each layer of circular interlayer 2 is sequentially taken out from the top to the bottom from the hollow inner cavity of the uncovered cylinder 1, and the separation of millimeter-level soil micro-domains in the vertical direction of a contaminated site is realized. After each layer of circular interlayer 2 is taken out from the hollow inner cavity of the uncovered cylinder body 1, a plurality of annular hollow spaces divided by the circular interlayer 2 are scraped from outside to inside in sequence according to the inner circular ring 3 and the outer circular ring 4, and therefore the soil micro-domains in the horizontal direction of the polluted site are distinguished.
4) And (3) carrying out determination analysis on the collected soil samples in different layers, wherein the determination analysis indexes comprise physicochemical property determination, pollutant concentration monitoring and microbial phase analysis.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all the technical schemes obtained by adopting the mode of equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the protection scope of the utility model.
Claims (4)
1. The device for sampling micro-domain soil in different pollution scenes is characterized by comprising a uncovered cylinder body (1) and a plurality of circular interlayers (2), wherein the circular interlayers (2) are detachably and horizontally fixed in a hollow inner cavity of the uncovered cylinder body (1), the connection part of the peripheral circumference of each circular interlayer (2) and the inner wall of the uncovered cylinder body (1) is closed, and the adjacent circular interlayers (2) are arranged in a fit manner;
the circular interlayer (2) comprises inner circular rings (3), outer circular rings (4) and a soil bearing net (6), the inner circular rings (3) are coaxially sleeved, the outer circular rings (4) are coaxially sleeved on the outer sides of the inner circular rings (3), distances among the circular rings of the circular interlayer (2) are equal, and the inner circular rings (3) and the outer circular rings (4) divide the circular interlayer (2) into a plurality of annular hollow spaces; the inner circular ring (3) and the outer circular ring (4) both have certain thicknesses, the inner circular ring (3) is made of a permeable membrane material, and the outer circular ring (4) is made of a rigid material; the bottom of the circular interlayer (2) is fixedly attached with a soil bearing net (6) for bearing soil, and a plurality of spokes (5) passing through the center are fixed on the soil bearing net (6).
2. Device for micro-domain soil sampling for different contamination scenarios according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the circular spacer (2) is 1mm and comprises not less than 4 inner rings (3).
3. The device for sampling micro-soil in different pollution scenes according to claim 1, wherein the mesh diameter of the soil bearing net (6) is 5-15 μm, and a nylon material or a stainless steel material is adopted; the spokes (5) are made of rigid materials.
4. The device for sampling micro-soil under different pollution situations according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of through holes with the hole diameter of 1-3 mm are formed in the bottom of the uncovered cylinder (1), and the through holes are uniformly distributed in the bottom of the uncovered cylinder (1).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021219594.2U CN212621778U (en) | 2020-06-28 | 2020-06-28 | Device for sampling micro-domain soil under different pollution scenes |
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| CN202021219594.2U CN212621778U (en) | 2020-06-28 | 2020-06-28 | Device for sampling micro-domain soil under different pollution scenes |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022000867A1 (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2022-01-06 | 浙江大学 | Micro-regional soil sampling device for different pollution scenarios, and method therefor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022000867A1 (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2022-01-06 | 浙江大学 | Micro-regional soil sampling device for different pollution scenarios, and method therefor |
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