CN212618419U - Hot end radial sealing device capable of self-adapting to thermal deformation of air preheater rotor - Google Patents
Hot end radial sealing device capable of self-adapting to thermal deformation of air preheater rotor Download PDFInfo
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- CN212618419U CN212618419U CN202022095223.4U CN202022095223U CN212618419U CN 212618419 U CN212618419 U CN 212618419U CN 202022095223 U CN202022095223 U CN 202022095223U CN 212618419 U CN212618419 U CN 212618419U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a hot junction radial seal device of self-adaptation air preheater rotor heat altered shape, adopt two fixed splint gaskets in the radial baffle upper end, the centre is separated by the backing plate, backing plate top between two splint gaskets sets up moves the gasket, it links to each other with round pin and splint gasket to move gasket the inner, outer end and compensator link to each other, air preheater hot state during operation, the compensator provides and matches good compensation volume with the rotor deflection, make the movable gasket press close to the sector plate sealed face and keep certain relief clearance, thereby eliminate the hot junction triangle-shaped area that leaks out of the wind that forms because of the rotor warp. The utility model discloses fall into the gasket with rotor fixed part and movable part, the hot junction sector plate need not to adjust from top to bottom during the operation, moves the gasket and also can not contact the sector plate all the time, reduces air preheater air leakage rate by a wide margin, has simple structure, does not have the operation wearing and tearing, drops into to economize, the construction is fast, maintain few, the advantage of high reliability.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a radial sealing device in hot junction of self-adaptation air preheater rotor heat altered shape belongs to the rotary air heater field in the equipment of thermal power plant.
Background
The air preheater is an important component of a boiler system of a thermal power plant, is used for absorbing the waste heat of smoke below 400 ℃ of the boiler and can improve the overall efficiency of the boiler by 12-15%. When the equipment runs, the temperature of the hot end (generally at the upper end) of the rotor is 200-fold higher than that of the cold end (generally at the lower end) by 300 ℃, so that the rotor of the air preheater is changed from a cold cylindrical shape into a mushroom shape with the upper end and the lower end drooping at the periphery, the gap between the periphery of the hot end of the rotor and a hot end sector plate fixed on a sealing area of a shell is increased from near zero in a cold state to dozens of millimeters in a hot state, air with higher pressure flows through an approximately triangular gap (see figure 1) formed between the sector plate and a sealing piece of the rotor and leaks into smoke with lower pressure, and the radial air leakage of the hot end of the air preheater is greatly increased. As shown in fig. 1, the hot end radial seal of the conventional air preheater is composed of the following components: the hot end sector plate 1 is fixed below a hot end shell beam 2 of the air preheater through an inner suspender 3 and an outer suspender 4, the hot end radial sealing piece 5 is fixed on a rotor radial partition plate 7 through a fastener 6, and a triangular air leakage area 8 is formed between the sector plate and the rotor sealing piece during hot-state operation. According to the evaluation, if the air leakage channel is not processed, the air leakage of the air preheater generated at the position can reach half or more of the total air leakage amount, and is increased along with the increase of the diameter of the air preheater. The air leakage flow is discharged without participating in boiler combustion, the air flow resistance in the air preheater and the conveying flow of the fan are increased, the power consumption of the fan of the power plant is increased, and the power generation economy is reduced. If the air leakage is not controlled, the electric quantity consumed by the air supply and the induced draft fan more and more annually is converted into millions of yuan.
At present, the measures for reducing the size of a hot-end triangular air leakage area caused by the deformation of an air preheater rotor are mainly classified into two types: one is to arrange an automatic adjusting device of a hot end fan-shaped plate, a sealing sheet is preassembled into a concave shape to counteract the deformation influence of the rotor, and the rotor becomes a straight line after being deformed; the position of the rotor after the deformation of the air preheater is measured by the sensor, the control system operates the lifting mechanism at the outer end of the hot end fan-shaped plate according to the position, and the fan-shaped plate is put down to a position close to the sealing sheet of the rotor so as to eliminate a triangular air leakage area. However, the mechanism is complex in system, the mechanism for lifting the sector plate works in a high-temperature environment, an electrical system is complex, the damage rate of temperature measurement and contact control components and sensors is high, the failure rate is high, once the mechanism is damaged, the risk of clamping and stopping the air preheater exists when the sector plate cannot be normally lifted, when equipment cannot normally work, after the sector plate is pulled high, the radial air leakage rate of the generated hot end is larger than that of the air preheater without the equipment, and the operation and maintenance workload is also large. The other type is that a movable sealing sheet is arranged, and parts such as a spring and the like are utilized to bounce the sealing sheet to enable the sealing sheet to contact with a sector plate, so that the air leakage gap is reduced. The used spring is softened and failed quickly at high temperature, the service life is short, the maintenance workload is large, and the maintenance cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is: the hot end radial sealing structure of the existing air preheater rotor thermal deformation is complex, and the sealing effect is poor and the maintenance cost is high due to large contact pressure of the sealing sheet and the hot end sector plate.
In order to solve the problem, the technical scheme of the utility model provides a radial sealing device in hot junction of self-adaptation air preheater rotor heat altered shape, its characterized in that is provided: the sealing structure comprises a fixed sealing structure and a movable sealing structure which are arranged on a radial partition plate of a rotor, wherein the fixed sealing structure is a sealing groove which is arranged along the radial direction of the rotor and is fixedly connected with the radial partition plate of the rotor, and a notch of the sealing groove faces a hot end fan-shaped plate above the radial partition plate of the rotor; the dynamic sealing structure comprises a dynamic sealing sheet and a compensator, the dynamic sealing sheet is arranged in the sealing groove, one end of the dynamic sealing sheet close to the center of the rotor is movably connected with the sealing groove, the other end of the dynamic sealing sheet is connected with the compensator, and the compensator is fixedly connected with the radial partition plate of the rotor; the compensator adopts flexible compensation structure, and flexible compensation direction is opposite with rotor periphery flagging direction, and flexible compensation volume is unanimous with rotor periphery flagging volume, and the compensator is flexible to be driven and moves about in the seal groove and form dynamic seal between the hot junction sector plate, and fixed seal structure and the shutoff that moves the seal structure combined action realization and leak the wind district to the triangle.
Preferably, the compensator is a closed telescopic structure and comprises a corrugated pipe, a bottom plate and a cover plate, the bottom plate and the cover plate are respectively arranged at two ends of the corrugated pipe, the bottom plate and the cover plate form a closed cavity, gas is filled in the cavity, the volume of the gas changes along with the temperature, the cover plate of the compensator stretches and retracts along with the gas, the bottom plate is fixedly connected with the radial partition plate of the rotor, the outer side of the cover plate is fixedly connected with the movable sealing sheet, the inner side of the cover plate is connected with a guide device, and the guide device is arranged in the corrugated pipe to form a telescopic guide axis.
Preferably, the guiding device comprises a guiding cylinder, a top head and a top rod, one end of the top rod is fixedly connected with the bottom plate, the other end of the top rod is fixedly connected with the top head, the top head is cylindrical, the guiding cylinder is sleeved on the top head, one end of the guiding cylinder is connected with the cover plate, and the top head and the inner wall of the guiding cylinder form a guiding axis.
Preferably, the other end of the guide cylinder protrudes towards the inner side of the guide cylinder to form a limiting ring for limiting the maximum expansion compensation amount of the compensator.
Preferably, the fixed sealing structure comprises a clamping plate sealing piece and a base plate, and the base plate is arranged between the two clamping plate sealing pieces to form a sealing groove.
Preferably, the movable sealing sheet is formed by laminating 1-5 sheets.
Preferably, one end of the movable sealing sheet close to the hot end sector plate is provided with a guide folding edge.
Preferably, the outside of the bellows is provided with a jacket to prevent wear.
Preferably, the cover plate is provided with a connecting rod, and the cover plate and the movable sealing sheet are fixedly connected through the connecting rod.
Preferably, the bottom plate is fixedly connected with the rotor radial partition plate through a connecting plate.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are that:
the utility model discloses fall into the gasket with rotor fixed part and movable part, the compensator provides and matches good compensation volume with the rotor deflection, makes the movable gasket press close to the sealed face of sector plate and keep certain safety clearance, and the hot junction sector plate need not to adjust from top to bottom during the operation, moves the gasket and also can not contact the sector plate all the time, rotor deflection when can the different loads of automatic adaptation to eliminate the hot junction triangle-shaped area that leaks out of shape because of the rotor warp, reduce the air preheater rate of leaking out by a wide margin.
The height of the compensator can be controlled to be smaller than the distance between the hot end sector plate and the heat transfer element, the hot end radial seal of the existing air preheater can be conveniently updated, upgraded and modified, the existing sector plate can be utilized, the height position of the sector plate does not need to be raised, and the hot end radial seal structure such as a hot end sector plate automatic adjusting system and a spring seal structure can be completely replaced and the defects of the hot end radial seal structure can be overcome.
All parts are easy-to-dismount structures, the clamping plate sealing piece, the compensator and the rotor radial partition plate are connected through bolts, the heat transfer element package can be conveniently dismounted when being mounted and dismounted, quick recovery is convenient, and the heat transfer element package has the advantages of simple structure, no running abrasion, investment saving, quick construction, less maintenance and high reliability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a hot-end triangular air leakage area generated after thermal deformation of a rotor;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the hot end radial sealing device for self-adaptive air preheater rotor thermal deformation in a cold state of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the hot end radial sealing device for the self-adaptive air preheater rotor thermal deformation in a hot state of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a basic structure diagram of the interior of the compensator.
Fig. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the amount of sag deformation of the outer periphery of the rotor and the amount of compensation.
Detailed Description
In order to make the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 4, the utility model relates to a hot junction radial seal device of self-adaptation air preheater rotor heat altered shape, fall into with the gasket with rotor fixed part and movable part, including fixed seal structure and movable seal structure, fixed seal structure includes splint gasket 9 and backing plate 10, splint gasket 9 is provided with two-layer, it has backing plate 10 to fill up between two-layer splint gasket 9, backing plate 10 highly is less than splint gasket 9 and forms the seal groove with splint gasket 9, splint gasket 9 and backing plate 10 pass through fastener 11 to be fixed at the nearly upper end position of radial spacer 7, the notch direction of seal groove is towards hot junction sector plate 1 of rotor radial spacer 7 top. A gap equal to the thickness of the backing plate 10 is reserved between the two clamping plate sealing pieces 9 at the upper part for inserting and installing a movable sealing piece 12.
The dynamic sealing structure comprises a dynamic sealing sheet 12 and a compensator 14, wherein the dynamic sealing sheet 12 is formed by stacking 1-5 sheets, two sheets are adopted in the embodiment, the total thickness of the dynamic sealing sheet 12 is smaller than that of the base plate 10, one side of the dynamic sealing sheet 12 close to the sealing surface of the hot end sector plate 1 is provided with a guide folding edge (the guide folding edge is not required to be processed), the dynamic sealing sheet 12 is connected with the inner end of the clamping plate sealing sheet 9 close to the center of the rotor through a pin 13, and the dynamic sealing sheet 12 can rotate around the pin 13; the outer end of the movable sealing plate 12 is connected with a compensator 14, and the compensator 14 is fixed at the upper end of the rotor radial partition plate 7 by a bolt 15. When the air preheater is in a hot working state, the outer end of the movable sealing sheet 12 is driven by the compensator 14 to stretch and rotate around the inner end pin 13, and slides with the sealing groove, the relative position of the movable sealing sheet 12 and the sealing groove is changed from figure 2 to figure 3, and at the moment, the movable sealing sheet 12 and the clamping plate sealing sheet 9 act together to block the triangular air leakage area 8 generated due to the deformation of the rotor.
As shown in fig. 5, the compensator 14 is a sealed and telescopic structure, and is a sealed cavity formed by welding a corrugated pipe 14-1, a bottom plate 14-2 and a cover plate 14-3 into a whole, gas is filled in the cavity, the volume of the gas changes with temperature, the compensator 14 stretches along with the gas, the stretching amount and the peripheral temperature (namely the hot end temperature of the air preheater) are close to a proportional relationship, because the sag amount of the periphery of the rotor and the temperature of the hot end of the air preheater are also substantially proportional relationship, by controlling the compensation amount of the compensator 14 along with the temperature, the outer end of the movable sealing piece 12 can be always kept at a position close to the sealing surface of the hot end sector plate 1 and keep a small gap, the movable sealing piece does not contact with the hot end sector plate 1 to cause abrasion, and can.
The corrugated pipe 14-1 is externally provided with a sheath 14-4 for preventing the corrugated pipe 14-1 from being worn, one side of the bottom plate 14-2 is connected with a connecting plate 14-5 in a welding way, and the connecting plate 14-5 is connected with a rotor radial clapboard 7 by bolts 15 for fixing the compensator 14 on the rotor. The lower part of the cover plate 14-3 is connected (welded) with the guide cylinder 14-6, the guide cylinder 14-6 is internally provided with a top head 14-7 and a top rod 14-8, one end of the top rod 14-8 is fixedly connected with the bottom plate 14-2, the other end of the top rod 14-8 is fixedly connected with the top head 14-7, the top head 14-7 is cylindrical, the guide cylinder 14-6 is sleeved on the top head 14-7, one end of the guide cylinder 14-6 is connected with the cover plate 14-3, and the other end of the guide cylinder 14-6 protrudes towards the inner side of the guide cylinder 14-6 to form a limiting ring 14-10 for limiting the maximum expansion compensation. The plug 14-7 and the inner wall of the guide cylinder 14-6 form a guide axis to prevent the corrugated pipe 14-1 from being inclined after the compensator 14 is loaded. And a connecting rod 14-9 is arranged above the compensator 14 and is used for connecting with the movable sealing sheet 12. In a cold state, the cover plate 14-3 is contacted with the top 14-7, after a certain working temperature is reached, the cover plate 14-3 is separated from the top 14-7, the compensator 14 extends upwards, and the outer end of the movable sealing piece 12 is driven to generate displacement.
As shown in fig. 4, the compensators 14 can be arranged on one side of the rotor radial diaphragm 7 or on both sides of the rotor radial diaphragm 7, so that the size of the individual compensators 14 can be reduced. When the movable sealing sheet 12 is too long, a compensator 14 with a compensation amount matched with the sagging deformation amount of the rotor at the appropriate position between the inner end and the outer end of the movable sealing sheet can be added, and the stability of the movable sealing sheet 12 is improved.
The compensator 14 is made of an anti-oxidation material which can resist the working temperature of more than 400 ℃, and the filled gas does not have the erosion effect on the material of the corrugated pipe 14-1. The maximum possible internal pressure of the compensator 14 needs to be accounted for and pressure and gas tightness tests at operating temperature need to be made.
The relationship between the compensation amount of the compensator 14 and the sag deformation amount of the outer periphery of the rotor of the air preheater is shown in fig. 6 (the figure is typical data of the air preheater with the diameter of 10 meters), and the compensator 14 can well eliminate the sag deformation of the outer periphery of the rotor and leave a certain safe operation clearance under all the operation loads of the air preheater. Since the amount of compensation by compensator 14 is entirely dependent on operating temperature, no external intervention is required and there is substantially no maintenance requirement.
The compensator 14 adopts closed gas as a working medium, is sensitive to temperature, the volume change of the gas and the temperature are in a nearly linear relation, the expansion amplitude of a shell of the compensator 14 is two orders of magnitude smaller than that of the internal gas at 350 ℃, and the influence of the expansion of the shell is small. The compensator 14 has a small internal volume and the metal casing has good heat exchange, so that the internal and external temperatures are close to each other quickly and have sufficient sensitivity to the operating temperature. The compensator 14 can realize a compensation value meeting the requirement by adjusting the axial rigidity (adjusting the thickness) and the internal volume of the corrugated pipe 14-1, the size of the compensator 14 is small, the area ratio of the heat transfer elements is small (the diameter of a rotor is about 10 meters, when all 48 heat end radial partition plates are installed, the shielding area of the compensator 14 is not 1.8 percent of the installation area of the heat transfer elements, and only 1/5 of the shielding area of the spring sealing plate to the heat transfer elements is used), and the influence on the heat exchange of the air preheater can be ignored. When the compensator 14 is large in size due to a large requirement for compensation amount, a plurality of compensators 14 with small diameters can be arranged in parallel to reduce the shielding area of the compensator 14 for the heat transfer element.
Move and though leave the clearance between gasket 12 and the splint gasket 9, the two constitutes labyrinth seal, and through the sealing zone time cigarette air pressure differential make move gasket 12 paste the splint gasket 9 of tight low pressure draught one side, has reduced the volume of leaking wind that probably passes through this clearance greatly, consequently, the utility model discloses seal structure can not produce too much extra air leakage.
The movable sealing piece 12 is generally formed by stacking a plurality of thin sealing pieces to ensure enough rigidity, and when the movable sealing piece 12 is long, loose connecting points can be arranged between the clamping plate sealing piece 9 and the movable sealing piece 12 to prevent the movable sealing piece 12 from being pulled out by foreign matters accidentally brought in by smoke during working.
The controllable distance that is less than between hot junction sector plate 1 and the heat transfer element of 14 total heights of compensator, consequently, the utility model discloses can be convenient update the transformation to current air preheater hot junction radial seal, usable current hot junction sector plate 1, and need not to adjust the high position of hot junction sector plate 1, play traditional seal structure such as replacing 1 automatic regulating system of hot junction sector plate, spring gasket, eliminate its drawback. The device has the advantages of simple structure, no running abrasion, investment saving, quick construction, less maintenance and high reliability.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a hot junction radial seal device of self-adaptation air preheater rotor heat altered shape which characterized in that: the sealing structure comprises a fixed sealing structure and a movable sealing structure which are arranged on a rotor radial partition plate (7), wherein the fixed sealing structure is a sealing groove which is arranged along the radial direction of the rotor and is fixedly connected with the rotor radial partition plate (7), and a notch of the sealing groove faces a hot end fan-shaped plate (1) above the rotor radial partition plate (7); the dynamic sealing structure comprises a dynamic sealing sheet (12) and a compensator (14), the dynamic sealing sheet (12) is arranged in a sealing groove, one end, close to the center of the rotor, of the dynamic sealing sheet (12) is movably connected with the sealing groove, the other end of the dynamic sealing sheet is connected with the compensator (14), and the compensator (14) is fixedly connected with the radial partition plate (7) of the rotor; compensator (14) adopt flexible compensation structure, and flexible compensation direction is opposite with rotor periphery flagging direction, and flexible compensation volume is unanimous with rotor periphery flagging volume, and compensator (14) is flexible to be driven and moves about gasket (12) in the seal groove and form dynamic seal between activity and hot junction sector plate (1), and fixed seal structure and the shutoff that moves seal structure combined action realization to triangle hourglass wind district (8).
2. The hot-end radial seal device for self-adaptive air preheater rotor thermal deformation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the compensator (14) is of a closed telescopic structure and comprises a corrugated pipe (14-1), a bottom plate (14-2) and a cover plate (14-3), wherein the bottom plate (14-2) and the cover plate (14-3) are respectively arranged at two ends of the corrugated pipe (14-1) to form a closed cavity, gas is filled in the cavity, the volume of the gas changes along with the temperature, the cover plate (14-3) of the compensator (14) is stretched along with the gas, the bottom plate (14-2) is fixedly connected with a rotor radial partition plate (7), the outer side of the cover plate (14-3) is fixedly connected with the movable sealing sheet (12), the inner side of the cover plate (14-3) is connected with a guide device, the guide device is arranged in the corrugated pipe (14-1) to form a telescopic guide axis to prevent the corrugated pipe (14-1) from being inclined after the compensator (14) bears the load.
3. The hot-end radial sealing device for the self-adaptive air preheater rotor thermal deformation as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the guide device comprises a guide cylinder (14-6), a top head (14-7) and a top rod (14-8), one end of the top rod (14-8) is fixedly connected with the bottom plate (14-2), the other end of the top rod is fixedly connected with the top head (14-7), the top head (14-7) is cylindrical, the guide cylinder (14-6) is sleeved on the top head (14-7), one end of the guide cylinder (14-6) is connected with the cover plate (14-3), and a guide axis is formed by the inner walls of the top head (14-7) and the guide cylinder (14-6).
4. A hot-end radial seal device for adapting to thermal deformation of an air preheater rotor as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the other end of the guide cylinder (14-6) protrudes towards the inner side of the guide cylinder (14-6) to form a limiting ring (14-10) used for limiting the maximum expansion compensation amount of the compensator (14).
5. The hot-end radial seal device for self-adaptive air preheater rotor thermal deformation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fixed sealing structure comprises a clamping plate sealing piece (9) and a base plate (10), wherein the base plate (10) is arranged between the two clamping plate sealing pieces (9) to form a sealing groove.
6. The hot-end radial seal device for self-adaptive air preheater rotor thermal deformation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the movable sealing piece (12) is formed by laminating 1-5 plates.
7. The hot-end radial seal device for self-adaptive air preheater rotor thermal deformation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and one end of the movable sealing sheet (12) close to the hot end sector plate (1) is provided with a guide folding edge.
8. The hot-end radial sealing device for the self-adaptive air preheater rotor thermal deformation as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the outer side of the corrugated pipe (14-1) is provided with a sheath (14-4) to prevent abrasion.
9. The hot-end radial sealing device for the self-adaptive air preheater rotor thermal deformation as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the cover plate (14-3) is provided with a connecting rod (14-9), and the cover plate (14-3) and the movable sealing piece (12) are fixedly connected through the connecting rod (14-9).
10. The hot-end radial sealing device for the self-adaptive air preheater rotor thermal deformation as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the bottom plate (14-2) is fixedly connected with the rotor radial partition plate (7) through a connecting plate (14-5).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022095223.4U CN212618419U (en) | 2020-09-22 | 2020-09-22 | Hot end radial sealing device capable of self-adapting to thermal deformation of air preheater rotor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202022095223.4U CN212618419U (en) | 2020-09-22 | 2020-09-22 | Hot end radial sealing device capable of self-adapting to thermal deformation of air preheater rotor |
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| CN212618419U true CN212618419U (en) | 2021-02-26 |
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| CN202022095223.4U Active CN212618419U (en) | 2020-09-22 | 2020-09-22 | Hot end radial sealing device capable of self-adapting to thermal deformation of air preheater rotor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112032758A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2020-12-04 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Hot end radial sealing device of self-adaptation air preheater rotor thermal deformation |
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2020
- 2020-09-22 CN CN202022095223.4U patent/CN212618419U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112032758A (en) * | 2020-09-22 | 2020-12-04 | 上海锅炉厂有限公司 | Hot end radial sealing device of self-adaptation air preheater rotor thermal deformation |
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