CN212572106U - Lead-acid storage battery system and device for preventing thermal runaway of lead-acid storage battery - Google Patents
Lead-acid storage battery system and device for preventing thermal runaway of lead-acid storage battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN212572106U CN212572106U CN202020892039.XU CN202020892039U CN212572106U CN 212572106 U CN212572106 U CN 212572106U CN 202020892039 U CN202020892039 U CN 202020892039U CN 212572106 U CN212572106 U CN 212572106U
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Abstract
A lead-acid storage battery system and a device for preventing thermal runaway of a lead-acid storage battery comprise a monitoring circuit and a switch circuit. The monitoring circuit collects and analyzes the current and the voltage of the lead-acid storage battery, when the lead-acid storage battery is judged to have the tendency of thermal runaway, the switching circuit is controlled to disconnect a charging and discharging loop of the lead-acid storage battery, a charger stops continuously charging the lead-acid storage battery, and vicious circle is broken, so that the occurrence of the thermal runaway of the lead-acid storage battery is effectively avoided, and the safety level of the lead-acid storage battery and a direct current system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a battery technology field, concretely relates to lead acid battery system and prevention lead acid battery thermal runaway's device.
Background
Lead-acid storage batteries are important components of a station direct-current power supply system in an electric power system. When the commercial power is abnormal or the charger is abnormal, the lead-acid storage battery is used for supplying power independently, so that the standby function is achieved.
The lead-acid storage battery works in a long-term floating charge mode in the existing direct-current power supply system, and a charge-discharge working circuit diagram of the lead-acid storage battery is shown in figure 1 and comprises the lead-acid storage battery, a charger and a load.
The oxygen recombination process enables more heat to be generated in the lead-acid storage battery, the amount of discharged gas is small, heat dissipation is reduced, and the lead-acid storage battery is prone to thermal runaway. The water is decomposed and accelerated by overcharging or high-temperature charging, part of the water is discharged from the exhaust valve in a gas mode, the saturation degree of electrolyte of the partition plate is reduced, gas channels are increased, the current at the last stage of charging is increased, the oxygen evolution quantity of the positive electrode is increased, the oxygen reaching the negative electrode is increased in a compounding mode, the generated heat is increased, the depolarization of the negative electrode is increased, the charging current is increased, the increase of the oxygen evolution quantity of the positive electrode is further increased, and finally a vicious circle that the oxygen evolution quantity is increased, the oxygen recombination is increased, the current is increased, the heat is increased and the oxygen evolution quantity is increased. The vicious cycle is repeated, and finally, the thermal runaway phenomenon of the lead-acid storage battery is generated, so that the shell of the lead-acid storage battery is seriously deformed and burst.
The conventional battery monitoring system lacks an effective means for preventing the thermal runaway of the lead-acid storage battery, and cannot effectively solve the problem of the thermal runaway of the lead-acid storage battery.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a lead acid battery system and prevention lead acid battery thermal runaway's device can break off the charge-discharge circuit when lead acid battery has the thermal runaway trend, prevents the emergence of thermal runaway phenomenon.
In one aspect, the utility model provides a lead acid battery system, include:
a lead-acid battery comprising a first pole and a second pole;
device for preventing thermal runaway of a lead-acid battery, comprising:
a monitoring circuit including a first output terminal; the monitoring circuit is used for monitoring the thermal runaway trend of the lead-acid storage battery and sending a turn-off signal through a first output end of the monitoring circuit when the lead-acid storage battery is judged to have the thermal runaway trend;
a switching circuit including an input terminal, a first terminal, and a second terminal; the input end of the switching circuit is connected with the first output end of the monitoring circuit, and the first end of the switching circuit is connected with the first pole of the lead-acid storage battery; the second end of the switch circuit and the second pole of the lead-acid storage battery are respectively used for being connected to two ends of a charging power supply to be charged and are also respectively used for being connected to two ends of a load to supply power to the load; the switching circuit can be connected with and disconnected from the first end and the second end of the lead-acid storage battery, and when the input end of the switching circuit receives a turn-off signal sent by the first output end of the monitoring circuit, the switching circuit is disconnected from the first end and the second end of the switching circuit, so that the lead-acid storage battery stops charging and does not discharge.
In one embodiment, the monitoring circuit further comprises a second output terminal; and when the lead-acid storage battery is judged to have the thermal runaway trend, the monitoring circuit sends out an alarm signal through a second output end of the monitoring circuit.
In one embodiment, when the thermal runaway trend of the lead-acid storage battery is judged to disappear, the monitoring circuit further sends out a conducting signal through a first output end of the monitoring circuit; when the input end of the switch circuit receives a conduction signal sent by the first output end of the monitoring circuit, the switch circuit conducts the connection between the first end and the second end of the switch circuit.
In one embodiment, the monitoring circuit comprises a hall current sensor, a voltage sampling circuit and a processor, wherein the hall current sensor is used for collecting the current of the lead-acid storage battery, and the voltage sampling circuit is used for collecting the voltage of the lead-acid storage battery; the processor is used for sending the turn-off signal and/or the alarm signal when the lead-acid storage battery is judged to have the thermal runaway trend; and the processor is used for sending the conduction signal when judging that the thermal runaway trend of the lead-acid storage battery disappears.
In one embodiment, the switching circuit includes a dc contactor.
In one embodiment, the switching circuit further comprises a diode; when the first pole and the second pole of the lead-acid storage battery are respectively the anode and the cathode of the lead-acid storage battery, the anode of the diode is connected with the first end of the switch circuit, and the cathode of the diode is connected with the second end of the switch circuit; when the first pole and the second pole of the lead-acid storage battery are the negative pole and the positive pole of the lead-acid storage battery respectively, the positive pole of the diode is connected with the second end of the switch circuit, and the negative pole of the diode is connected with the first end of the switch circuit.
On the other hand, the utility model also provides a device that prevention lead acid battery thermal runaway, include:
a monitoring circuit including a first output terminal; the monitoring circuit is used for monitoring the thermal runaway trend of the lead-acid storage battery and sending a turn-off signal through a first output end of the monitoring circuit when the lead-acid storage battery is judged to have the thermal runaway trend;
a switching circuit including an input terminal, a first terminal, and a second terminal; the input end of the switching circuit is connected with the first output end of the monitoring circuit, and the first end of the switching circuit is connected with the first pole of the lead-acid storage battery; the second end of the switch circuit and the second pole of the lead-acid storage battery are respectively used for being connected to two ends of a charging power supply to be charged and are also respectively used for being connected to two ends of a load to supply power to the load; the switching circuit can be connected with and disconnected from the first end and the second end of the lead-acid storage battery, and when the input end of the switching circuit receives a turn-off signal sent by the first output end of the monitoring circuit, the switching circuit is disconnected from the first end and the second end of the switching circuit, so that the lead-acid storage battery stops charging and does not discharge.
In one embodiment, the monitoring circuit further comprises a second output terminal; and when the lead-acid storage battery is judged to have the thermal runaway trend, the monitoring circuit sends out an alarm signal through a second output end of the monitoring circuit.
In one embodiment, when the thermal runaway trend of the lead-acid storage battery is judged to disappear, the monitoring circuit further sends out a conducting signal through a first output end of the monitoring circuit; when the input end of the switch circuit receives a conduction signal sent by the first output end of the monitoring circuit, the switch circuit conducts the connection between the first end and the second end of the switch circuit.
In one embodiment, the switching circuit further comprises a diode; when the first pole and the second pole of the lead-acid storage battery are respectively the anode and the cathode of the lead-acid storage battery, the anode of the diode is connected with the first end of the switch circuit, and the cathode of the diode is connected with the second end of the switch circuit; when the first pole and the second pole of the lead-acid storage battery are the negative pole and the positive pole of the lead-acid storage battery respectively, the positive pole of the diode is connected with the second end of the switch circuit, and the negative pole of the diode is connected with the first end of the switch circuit.
The utility model provides a lead acid battery system and prevention lead acid battery thermal runaway's device can gather the analysis to lead acid battery's electric current, voltage parameter, makes the judgement in advance to lead acid battery's thermal runaway trend, breaks off the charge-discharge circuit when lead acid battery has the thermal runaway trend for lead acid battery stops to charge and also does not discharge, effectively prevents the emergence of thermal runaway phenomenon.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a prior art lead-acid battery;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a lead-acid battery system provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the lead-acid battery system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Wherein like elements in different embodiments are numbered with like associated elements. In the following description, numerous details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that some of the features may be omitted or replaced with other elements, materials, methods in different instances. In some instances, certain operations related to the present application have not been shown or described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the core of the present application from excessive description, and it is not necessary for those skilled in the art to describe these operations in detail, so that they may be fully understood from the description in the specification and the general knowledge in the art.
Furthermore, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification may be combined in any suitable manner to form various embodiments. Also, the various steps or actions in the method descriptions may be transposed or transposed in order, as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art. Thus, the various sequences in the specification and drawings are for the purpose of describing certain embodiments only and are not intended to imply a required sequence unless otherwise indicated where such sequence must be followed.
The numbering of the components as such, e.g., "first", "second", etc., is used herein only to distinguish the objects as described, and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "connected" and "coupled" when used in this application, unless otherwise indicated, includes both direct and indirect connections (couplings).
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a lead-acid battery system according to the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments, the charger 2 is connected to the utility power, and when the utility power is normal, the charger 2 converts the ac power into the dc power, so as to supply power to the load 3 on the one hand and charge the lead-acid battery 10 in the lead-acid battery system 1 on the other hand. In order to charge the lead-acid battery 10, the output voltage of the charger 2 is higher than the voltage of the lead-acid battery 10. And when the commercial power is abnormal, the lead-acid storage battery 10 supplies power to the load 3. In some embodiments, lead acid battery system 1 includes a lead acid battery 10 and a device 20 for preventing thermal runaway of the lead acid battery, as described in detail below.
The lead-acid battery 10 is used for power supply. Specifically, as described above, when the utility power is normal, the charger 2 converts the ac utility power into dc power, which supplies power to the load 3 and charges the lead-acid battery 10; and when the commercial power is abnormal, the lead-acid storage battery 10 supplies power to the load 3.
The device 20 for preventing thermal runaway of the lead-acid storage battery is used for stopping charging and not discharging the lead-acid storage battery 10 when the lead-acid storage battery 10 is judged to have the tendency of thermal runaway. In some embodiments, the apparatus 20 for preventing thermal runaway in a lead-acid battery includes a monitoring circuit 201 and a switching circuit 202, as described in detail below.
The monitoring circuit 201 includes a first output terminal. The monitoring module 201 is configured to monitor a thermal runaway trend of the lead-acid battery 10, and send a turn-off signal to the switching circuit 202 through a first output terminal of the monitoring module when it is determined that the lead-acid battery 10 has the thermal runaway trend. The judgment of the tendency to thermal runaway may be carried out by an existing judgment method such as that mentioned in the patent publication No. CN 110361654A. The monitoring module 201 collects and analyzes the current and the voltage of the lead-acid storage battery 10, determines that the lead-acid storage battery 10 is in a charging state according to the voltage and the current of the lead-acid storage battery 10 and the positive and negative of the voltage and the current, judges the thermal runaway trend according to the current and the variation trend of the lead-acid storage battery 10, determines that the lead-acid storage battery 10 has the thermal runaway trend when the current increase rate is larger than a set current increase rate threshold value, and at the moment, the monitoring circuit 201 sends a turn-off signal to the switching circuit 202. In the application, how the device 20 for preventing thermal runaway of the lead-acid storage battery and the monitoring circuit 201 judge that the lead-acid storage battery 10 has a thermal runaway trend and the thermal runaway trend of the lead-acid storage battery 10 disappears is not improved, and the method can be used in the prior art.
In one embodiment, the monitoring circuit 201 further comprises a second output terminal. When it is determined that lead-acid battery 10 has a tendency to thermal runaway, monitoring circuit 201 also sends out an alarm signal through its second output terminal. For example, the second output terminal of the monitoring circuit 201 may be connected to a monitoring system outside the lead-acid battery system 10, when it is determined that the lead-acid battery 10 has a thermal runaway trend, the monitoring circuit 201 sends an alarm signal to the monitoring system through the second output terminal, and the monitoring system displays an alarm signal through a screen or gives an audible and visual prompt, so that a maintenance worker can timely know an abnormal condition of the system, and timely know and remove a fault.
In one embodiment, when it is determined that the thermal runaway trend of the lead-acid battery 10 disappears, the monitoring circuit 201 further sends a conducting signal to the switching circuit 202 through the first output terminal thereof.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the lead-acid battery system of the present invention. As shown in fig. 3, the monitoring circuit 201 includes a hall current sensor 211, a voltage sampling circuit 221, and a processor 231. The hall current sensor 211 is connected in series with the lead-acid battery 10, and is used for collecting the current of the lead-acid battery 10. The voltage sampling circuit 221 is connected in parallel with the lead-acid storage battery 10 and is used for collecting the voltage of the lead-acid storage battery 10. The processor 231 receives the current collected by the hall current sensor 211 and the voltage collected by the voltage sampling circuit 221, analyzes and judges the thermal runaway trend of the lead-acid storage battery 10, and sends a turn-off signal and/or an alarm signal when judging that the lead-acid storage battery 10 has the thermal runaway trend; and when the thermal runaway trend of the lead-acid storage battery 10 disappears, sending a conducting signal. As described above, the present application does not improve how the processor 231 judges that the lead-acid battery 10 has the thermal runaway tendency and the thermal runaway tendency of the lead-acid battery 10 disappears, and this is only by using the prior art.
The switching circuit 202 includes an input terminal, a first terminal, and a second terminal; the input end is connected with the first output end of the monitoring circuit 201, and the first end is connected with the first pole of the lead-acid storage battery 10; the second terminal and the second pole of the lead-acid battery 10 are respectively used for connecting to two terminals of the charger 2 to be charged and also respectively used for connecting to two terminals of the load 3 to be able to supply power to the load 3. The switching circuit 202 can be connected and disconnected with the first end and the second end, when the input end of the switching circuit 202 receives a turn-off signal sent by the first output end of the monitoring circuit 201, the connection of the first end and the second end is disconnected, so that the lead-acid storage battery 10 stops charging and does not discharge, the temperature does not rise any more, the thermal runaway phenomenon can be guaranteed not to occur, the lead-acid storage battery 10 is prevented from deforming and bursting, and the safety of the whole system is ensured. Meanwhile, compared with a mode of preventing thermal runaway from occurring through discharging, the method and the device enable the lead-acid storage battery 10 to stop charging and not to discharge, enable the lead-acid storage battery 10 to have enough electric quantity to supply power to the load 3 when the commercial power is abnormal, and overcome the defect that balance is difficult to obtain between power utilization safety guarantee and thermal runaway prevention. When the input end of the switch circuit 202 receives the conduction signal sent by the first output end of the monitoring circuit 201, the connection between the first end and the second end is conducted, so that the lead-acid storage battery 10 can be charged and discharged normally, the function of automatically recovering the normal working state of the system when the thermal runaway trend disappears is realized, and the convenience degree of the system is improved.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the switching circuit 202 includes a DC contactor 212. The dc contactor 212 may control the turn-off or turn-on of the circuit according to the turn-off or turn-on signal received, may be used under a condition of a large load power, and has a good heat dissipation performance.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the switching circuit 202 further includes a diode D1; when the first pole and the second pole of the lead-acid battery 10 are the positive pole and the negative pole of the lead-acid battery 10, respectively, the positive pole of the diode D1 is connected to the first end of the switch circuit 202, and the negative pole of the diode D1 is connected to the second end of the switch circuit 202; when the first and second poles of the lead-acid battery 10 are the negative and positive poles, respectively, of the lead-acid battery 10, then the positive pole of the diode D1 is connected to the second terminal of the switch circuit 202, and the negative pole of the diode D1 is connected to the first terminal of the switch circuit 202. When a thermal runaway trend occurs, the switching circuit 202 disconnects the charge and discharge loop, and at this time, if the commercial power is normal, because the output voltage of the charger 2 is higher than the output voltage of the lead-acid storage battery 10, the diode D1 is cut off, and the lead-acid storage battery 10 does not discharge. When the commercial power is abnormal, the charger 2 has no output voltage, the diode D1 is immediately turned on, and the lead-acid storage battery 10 supplies power to the load 3, so that seamless discharge is realized. Due to the existence of the diode D1, the lead-acid storage battery 10 can normally supply power when the mains supply is abnormal, the normal operation of the system is maintained, meanwhile, the disconnection of a charge-discharge loop can be ensured when the thermal runaway trend occurs, and the safety of the system is further improved.
The utility model provides a device and lead acid battery of prevention lead acid battery thermal runaway, wherein the device of prevention lead acid battery thermal runaway includes monitoring circuit and switch circuit. The monitoring circuit collects and analyzes the current and the voltage of the lead-acid storage battery, the trend of thermal runaway of the lead-acid storage battery is judged in advance from the mechanism, when the trend of thermal runaway of the lead-acid storage battery is judged, the switching circuit is controlled to disconnect a charging and discharging loop of the lead-acid storage battery, a charger is stopped continuously charging the lead-acid storage battery, vicious circle is broken, and meanwhile, the lead-acid storage battery can be normally supplied with power when necessary, so that the occurrence of thermal runaway of the lead-acid storage battery is effectively avoided. Meanwhile, compared with a mode of preventing thermal runaway from occurring through discharging, when the lead-acid storage battery has a thermal runaway trend, the lead-acid storage battery stops charging and does not discharge, so that the lead-acid storage battery has enough electric quantity to supply power to a load when the commercial power is abnormal, the defect that balance is difficult to obtain between power utilization safety guarantee and thermal runaway prevention is overcome, and the safety level of the lead-acid storage battery and a direct current system is improved.
Reference is made herein to various exemplary embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that changes and modifications may be made to the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope hereof. For example, the various operational steps, as well as the components used to perform the operational steps, may be implemented in differing ways depending upon the particular application or consideration of any number of cost functions associated with operation of the system (e.g., one or more steps may be deleted, modified or incorporated into other steps).
While the principles herein have been illustrated in various embodiments, many modifications of structure, arrangement, proportions, elements, materials, and components particularly adapted to specific environments and operative requirements may be employed without departing from the principles and scope of the present disclosure. The above modifications and other changes or modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this document.
The foregoing detailed description has been described with reference to various embodiments. However, one skilled in the art will recognize that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the disclosure is to be considered in an illustrative and not a restrictive sense, and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope thereof. Also, advantages, other advantages, and solutions to problems have been described above with regard to various embodiments. However, the benefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any element(s) that may cause any element(s) to occur or become more pronounced are not to be construed as a critical, required, or essential feature or element of any or all the claims. As used herein, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, system, article, or apparatus. Furthermore, the term "coupled," and any other variation thereof, as used herein, refers to a physical connection, an electrical connection, a magnetic connection, an optical connection, a communicative connection, a functional connection, and/or any other connection.
Those having skill in the art will recognize that many changes may be made to the details of the above-described embodiments without departing from the underlying principles of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be determined only by the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. A lead acid battery system, comprising:
a lead-acid battery comprising a first pole and a second pole;
device for preventing thermal runaway of a lead-acid battery, comprising:
a monitoring circuit including a first output terminal; the monitoring circuit is used for monitoring the thermal runaway trend of the lead-acid storage battery and sending a turn-off signal through a first output end of the monitoring circuit when the lead-acid storage battery is judged to have the thermal runaway trend;
a switching circuit including an input terminal, a first terminal, and a second terminal; the input end of the switching circuit is connected with the first output end of the monitoring circuit, and the first end of the switching circuit is connected with the first pole of the lead-acid storage battery; the second end of the switch circuit and the second pole of the lead-acid storage battery are respectively used for being connected to two ends of a charging power supply to be charged and are also respectively used for being connected to two ends of a load to supply power to the load; the switching circuit can be connected with and disconnected from the first end and the second end of the lead-acid storage battery, and when the input end of the switching circuit receives a turn-off signal sent by the first output end of the monitoring circuit, the switching circuit is disconnected from the first end and the second end of the switching circuit, so that the lead-acid storage battery stops charging and does not discharge.
2. The lead acid battery system of claim 1, wherein the monitoring circuit further comprises a second output; and when the lead-acid storage battery is judged to have the thermal runaway trend, the monitoring circuit sends out an alarm signal through a second output end of the monitoring circuit.
3. The lead-acid battery system of any of claims 1-2, wherein the monitoring circuit comprises a hall current sensor for collecting current of the lead-acid battery, a voltage sampling circuit for collecting voltage of the lead-acid battery, and a processor; the processor is used for sending the turn-off signal and/or the alarm signal when the lead-acid storage battery is judged to have the thermal runaway trend; and the processor is used for sending the conduction signal when judging that the thermal runaway trend of the lead-acid storage battery disappears.
4. The lead acid battery system of claim 1, wherein the switching circuit comprises a dc contactor.
5. The lead acid battery system of claim 1, wherein the switching circuit further comprises a diode; when the first pole and the second pole of the lead-acid storage battery are respectively the anode and the cathode of the lead-acid storage battery, the anode of the diode is connected with the first end of the switch circuit, and the cathode of the diode is connected with the second end of the switch circuit; when the first pole and the second pole of the lead-acid storage battery are the negative pole and the positive pole of the lead-acid storage battery respectively, the positive pole of the diode is connected with the second end of the switch circuit, and the negative pole of the diode is connected with the first end of the switch circuit.
6. An apparatus for preventing thermal runaway in a lead-acid battery, comprising:
a monitoring circuit including a first output terminal; the monitoring circuit is used for monitoring the thermal runaway trend of the lead-acid storage battery and sending a turn-off signal through a first output end of the monitoring circuit when the lead-acid storage battery is judged to have the thermal runaway trend;
a switching circuit including an input terminal, a first terminal, and a second terminal; the input end of the switching circuit is connected with the first output end of the monitoring circuit, and the first end of the switching circuit is connected with the first pole of the lead-acid storage battery; the second end of the switch circuit and the second pole of the lead-acid storage battery are respectively used for being connected to two ends of a charging power supply to be charged and are also respectively used for being connected to two ends of a load to supply power to the load; the switching circuit can be connected with and disconnected from the first end and the second end of the lead-acid storage battery, and when the input end of the switching circuit receives a turn-off signal sent by the first output end of the monitoring circuit, the switching circuit is disconnected from the first end and the second end of the switching circuit, so that the lead-acid storage battery stops charging and does not discharge.
7. The apparatus for preventing thermal runaway of a lead-acid battery of claim 6, wherein the monitoring circuit further comprises a second output; and when the lead-acid storage battery is judged to have the thermal runaway trend, the monitoring circuit sends out an alarm signal through a second output end of the monitoring circuit.
8. The apparatus for preventing thermal runaway of a lead-acid battery of claim 6, wherein the switching circuit further comprises a diode; when the first pole and the second pole of the lead-acid storage battery are respectively the anode and the cathode of the lead-acid storage battery, the anode of the diode is connected with the first end of the switch circuit, and the cathode of the diode is connected with the second end of the switch circuit; when the first pole and the second pole of the lead-acid storage battery are the negative pole and the positive pole of the lead-acid storage battery respectively, the positive pole of the diode is connected with the second end of the switch circuit, and the negative pole of the diode is connected with the first end of the switch circuit.
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| CN202020892039.XU CN212572106U (en) | 2020-05-25 | 2020-05-25 | Lead-acid storage battery system and device for preventing thermal runaway of lead-acid storage battery |
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| CN202020892039.XU CN212572106U (en) | 2020-05-25 | 2020-05-25 | Lead-acid storage battery system and device for preventing thermal runaway of lead-acid storage battery |
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