CN212541679U - Multifunctional magnetic field and ampere force measuring comprehensive experimental instrument - Google Patents
Multifunctional magnetic field and ampere force measuring comprehensive experimental instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN212541679U CN212541679U CN202021745639.XU CN202021745639U CN212541679U CN 212541679 U CN212541679 U CN 212541679U CN 202021745639 U CN202021745639 U CN 202021745639U CN 212541679 U CN212541679 U CN 212541679U
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- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 5
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a multi-functional magnetic field and ampere force measurement comprehensive experiment appearance, the on-line screen storage device comprises a base, the fixed electronic scale support that is provided with in up end left end of base, the fixed electronic scale that is provided with in electronic scale support upper end, electronic scale pan upper end is provided with square line frame, square line frame middle part is provided with square line frame support, the fixed square line frame plane nail that is provided with in square line frame left end, the fixed current-carrying circle that is provided with of shape line frame left end right-hand member, hall sensor and hall sensor pin joint, hall sensor pin joint lower extreme is provided with radial gleitbretter, radial gleitbretter lower extreme is provided with radial rotating drum and radial guide, the radial guide. Above-mentioned technical scheme combines the measurement experiment of constant magnetic field and alternating magnetic field, embodies the difference of constant magnetic field and alternating magnetic field in electromagnetic effect, helps the student to know and understand the magnetic field distribution condition of current-carrying circular coil and Helmholtz coil, and structural design is reasonable, convenient to use, and the practicality is good.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an experimental facilities technical field, concretely relates to multi-functional magnetic field and ampere force measurement comprehensive experiment appearance.
Background
In magnetic research, magnetic induction and magnetic force are two important measurement quantities, wherein a magnetic field comprises a constant magnetic field and an alternating magnetic field, and meanwhile, magnetic field measurement is the starting point of ampere force research, and obviously, the measurement of the two physical quantities is in a somewhat close relation.
The measurement experiment about the magnetic field mainly comprises a Hall effect solenoid magnetic field measurement and an alternating magnetic field measurement by an electromagnetic induction method, and the like, the essence of the measurement experiment is the measurement of the magnetic induction intensity, and the existing experimental equipment is two sets of completely separated equipment, which increases unnecessary burden for the spatial arrangement and the experimental expenditure of the experiment. On the other hand, magnetic field-based amperometric force measurement and research experiments are generally lacking. Clearly, the absence of the relevant experimental content of ampere force as an important vehicle for magnetic field applications is very unfortunate for electromagnetic studies.
The reason for this is that in a general ampere force measuring mode, all factors related to the ampere force cannot be precisely explored, and a calculation formula of the ampere force cannot be obtained from an experiment, so that students can only roughly sense the factors related to the ampere force, but cannot really explore the factors through the experiment.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the problems of the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a structural design is reasonable, and convenient to use combines the measurement experiment of constant magnetic field and alternating magnetic field, embodies the difference of constant magnetic field and alternating magnetic field in the electromagnetic effect, helps the student to know and understand the multi-functional magnetic field and the ampere force measurement comprehensive experiment appearance of the magnetic field distribution condition of current-carrying circular coil and Helmholtz coil.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: a multifunctional magnetic field and ampere force measurement comprehensive experiment instrument comprises a base, wherein an electronic scale support is fixedly arranged at the left end of the upper end face of the base, an electronic scale is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the electronic scale support, an electronic scale pan, an electronic scale display screen outer frame, an electronic scale display screen and an electronic scale function button are arranged on the electronic scale, a square wire frame is arranged at the upper end of the electronic scale pan, a square wire frame support is arranged at the middle part of the square wire frame, a square wire frame flat nail is fixedly arranged at the left end of the square wire frame, a first current-carrying circular coil, a second current-carrying circular coil, a Hall sensor and a Hall sensor lead connector are fixedly arranged at the right end of the square wire frame, a radial sliding sheet and a radial scale are arranged at the lower end of the Hall sensor lead connector, a radial rotating drum wheel and, the lower end of the transverse slip sheet is provided with a transverse guide rail, the lower end of the transverse guide rail is provided with a transverse lead screw, the right end of the transverse lead screw is provided with a transverse rotating drum, the lower end of the transverse lead screw is provided with a transverse guide rail base, and the front end surface of the transverse lead screw is provided with a transverse scale; and a magnetic field resolution adjusting knob, a magnetic field reset button, a current-voltage display screen wiring terminal, a current-voltage display screen, a magnetic field size display screen, a magnetic field display screen wiring terminal and a single-pole double-throw switch are arranged at the right end of the second current-carrying circular coil.
The utility model discloses further set up to: the second current-carrying circular coil is positioned at the right end of the first current-carrying circular coil, a first semicircular bracket is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the first current-carrying circular coil, and a second semicircular bracket is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the second current-carrying circular coil; the first current-carrying circular coil is fixed on the base through a first semicircular support, and the second current-carrying circular coil is fixed on the base through a second semicircular support.
The utility model discloses still further set up to: the transverse sliding sheet is driven to move left and right transversely by rotating the transverse rotating drum wheel; the radial sliding sheet is driven to move back and forth in the radial direction by rotating the radial rotating drum wheel.
The utility model discloses still further set up to: the Hall sensor is fixed on the radial sliding sheet through a bolt.
The utility model discloses still further set up to: second current-carrying circle coil support lower extreme is provided with a current-carrying circle coil base, be provided with arduino mainboard in the current-carrying circle coil base, be provided with hall sensor signal line between arduino mainboard and the hall sensor.
The utility model discloses still further set up to: the square wire frame is connected with the first direct-current stabilized power supply, and the first current-carrying circular coil and the second current-carrying circular coil are connected with the second direct-current stabilized power supply.
The utility model has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses the structure sets up more rationally, and based on understanding and relevant experimental facilities's integration to different magnetic field measurement methods, combines the measurement experiment of invariable magnetic field and alternating magnetic field, embodies the difference of invariable magnetic field and alternating magnetic field in electromagnetic effect, and help the student knows and understands the distribution condition of current-carrying circular coil and helmholtz coil's magnetic field. Meanwhile, on the basis, the arduino main board and the Hall sensor are used for measuring the size and the direction of the magnetic field, and the lever principle, the relation between acting force and reacting force, the electronic scale and other equipment are combined, so that intensive and careful quantitative research on various factors of ampere force is realized, the structural design is reasonable, the use is convenient, and the practicability is good.
The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic top view of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic top view of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present embodiment, it should be noted that, as the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", etc. appear, the indicated orientation or positional relationship thereof is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" as appearing herein are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the utility model discloses a multifunctional magnetic field and ampere force measurement comprehensive experiment instrument, which comprises a base 30, wherein an electronic scale support 1 is fixedly arranged at the left end of the upper end surface of the base 30, an electronic scale 2 is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the electronic scale support 1, an electronic scale pan 29, an electronic scale display screen outer frame 28, an electronic scale display screen 27 and an electronic scale function button 26 are arranged on the electronic scale 2, a square wire frame 4 is arranged at the upper end of the electronic scale pan 29, a square wire frame support 5 is arranged at the middle part of the square wire frame 4, a square wire frame flat nail 3 is fixedly arranged at the left end of the square wire frame 4, a first current-carrying circular coil 6, a second current-carrying circular coil 19, a hall sensor 7 and a hall sensor lead joint 8 are fixedly arranged at the right end of the square wire frame 4, a radial sliding sheet 10 and a radial scale 32 are, the lower end of the radial slip sheet 10 is provided with a radial rotating drum wheel 9 and a radial guide rail 11, the lower end of the radial guide rail 11 is provided with a transverse slip sheet 12, the lower end of the transverse slip sheet 12 is provided with a transverse guide rail 13, the lower end of the transverse guide rail 13 is provided with a transverse lead screw 16, the right end of the transverse lead screw 16 is provided with a transverse rotating drum wheel 14, the lower end of the transverse lead screw 16 is provided with a transverse guide rail base 15, and the front end face of the transverse lead screw 16 is; a magnetic field resolution adjusting knob 33, a magnetic field reset button 34, a current and voltage display screen wiring terminal 35, a current and voltage magnitude display screen 36, a magnetic field magnitude display screen 37, a magnetic field display screen wiring terminal 38 and a single-pole double-throw switch 39 are arranged at the right end of the second current-carrying circular coil 19.
Preferably, the second current-carrying circular coil 19 is positioned at the right end of the first current-carrying circular coil 6, a first semicircular bracket 21 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the first current-carrying circular coil 6, and a second semicircular bracket 22 is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the second current-carrying circular coil 19; the first current-carrying circular coil 6 is fixed on the base 30 through a first semicircular bracket 21, and the second current-carrying circular coil 19 is fixed on the base 30 through a second semicircular bracket 22.
Preferably, the transverse sliding piece 12 is driven to transversely move left and right by rotating the transverse rotating drum wheel 14; the radial sliding piece 10 is driven to move back and forth radially by rotating the radial rotating drum wheel 9.
Preferably, the hall sensor 7 is fixed to the radial slide 10 by a bolt.
Preferably, the lower end of the second current-carrying circular coil support 19 is provided with a current-carrying circular coil base 41, an arduino main board is arranged in the current-carrying circular coil base 41, and a hall sensor signal wire 24 is arranged between the arduino main board and the hall sensor 7.
Preferably, the device further comprises a first direct current stabilized power supply 25 and a second direct current stabilized power supply 40, the square wire frame 4 is connected with the first direct current stabilized power supply 25, and the first current-carrying circular coil 6 and the second current-carrying circular coil 19 are connected with the second direct current stabilized power supply 40.
The invention can make students visually see the stress of electrified conductors with different lengths in different magnetic fields and different currents so as to better learn and understand the physical essence and related application of physical phenomena, and the invention is further explained in detail below:
1. operating principle of Hall sensor
A hall sensor is a magnetic field sensor made according to the hall effect. When current passes through the conductor perpendicular to the external magnetic field, carriers are deflected, and a universal direction perpendicular to the current and the magnetic field generates an additional electric field, so that a potential difference is generated at two ends of the conductor, and the phenomenon is the Hall effect. The magnitude of the magnetic field can be obtained instantly by manufacturing a teslameter by utilizing the Hall sensor and the arduino mainboard.
2. Principle of lever
A hard rod that rotates about a fixed point under force is called a lever.
The lever principle is as follows: the power multiplied by the power arm is the resistance multiplied by the resistance arm, the power is the applied force, and the power arm is the distance from the applied force point to the fulcrum; the resistance is the force applied, and the resistance arm is the distance from the force application point to the fulcrum. When the power arm is equal to the resistance arm, the applied power is equal to the received resistance and the direction is opposite.
The center shaft of the wire frame is used as a fulcrum, the distances from the edges at two ends of the wire frame to the fulcrum are equal as much as possible, the wire frame is balanced on the fulcrum, and the force applied to the electrified wire frame in a magnetic field is equal to the force applied to the other end of the wire frame in magnitude and opposite in direction.
3. Electronic scale and interaction force
The electronic scale is an instrument for measuring mass, so that the electronic scale cannot directly scale the ampere force, but the ampere force applied to the lead can be converted into the elastic force applied to the electronic scale, so that the measured ampere force is converted into the change of the measured mass value of the electronic scale, namely the change of the elastic force displayed by the electronic scale displays the applied ampere force. Since the unit of the value displayed on the electronic scale is gram, it is multiplied by 10-3Converting the unit into kilogram, and multiplying the kilogram by the gravity acceleration to obtain the change of the elastic force displayed by the electronic scale, namely the magnitude of the ampere force.
4. Manufacturing of square wire frame and lever
Because there is a non-uniform magnetic field in the opposite direction above the Helmholtz coil, and the magnetic field strength is about one tenth of the magnetic field inside the Helmholtz coil. If the coil outside the coil is not subjected to the ampere force or the error of the part of the ampere force is reduced, the length of the double-wire frame needs to be increased at least. However, increasing the length of the wire frame also brings new errors to the experiment.
The length of the electrified wire frame is increased, and the position of the wire frame is changed from a plane vertical to the magnetic field to a plane horizontal to the magnetic induction line.
One edge is in a uniform magnetic field, the current direction is perpendicular to the magnetic induction line and is subjected to ampere force, the adjacent two edges are parallel to the magnetic field and are not subjected to force, and the opposite edge penetrates through the Helmholtz coil and is located at a position with small magnetic induction intensity, so that errors are reduced.
Therefore, the ampere force borne by other edges of the electrified wire frame is far smaller than that of the edge of the vertical magnetic induction line in the uniform magnetic field, and other large errors cannot be generated while the errors are reduced.
In order to enable the length L of the wire frame subjected to ampere force in a magnetic field to be variable, three wire frames are respectively manufactured, wherein the same length is 360mm, and the widths are respectively 80mm, 100mm and 120 mm. In order to enable the wire frame to be firmer, the long-strip acrylic plate is divided inside the wire frame to be reinforced. After debugging, the specification of the enameled wire used by the wire frame is determined to be 0.40mm in bare diameter, and the number of turns is 50.
In order to measure the force applied to the electrified wire frame in the uniform magnetic field, the wire frame is used as a lever, and two cross screws are relatively fixed at two ends of the carbon rod at the central position of the wire frame. An acrylic plate is used as two trapezoidal supports, a drawing pin penetrates through the same position, and the tip position of the drawing pin is propped against a nut of a screw of a wire frame. The drawing nails on the two supports are relatively arranged on the same shaft and are propped against the concave part of the screw cap to serve as a fulcrum, the wire frame rotates around the shaft, and friction received when the wire frame rotates is effectively reduced.
Further, in order to set the point of application of force to the electronic scale by the wire frame at the midpoint of the side of the wire frame, a weight is fixed at the center of the side of the wire frame, and the weight is about 50 g.
5. Principle of operation
(1) Measuring transverse magnetic field on axis of constant current-carrying circular coil
A single-pole double-throw switch is turned to a single pole, a current-carrying circular coil and a second direct-current stabilized power supply are connected, a Hall sensor is arranged on the axis of the current-carrying circular coil and is arranged at the position of 0cm scale of a transverse scale, a transverse rotating drum wheel is rotated to move a transverse sliding sheet, data on a magnetic field display screen is recorded at intervals of a certain distance on the transverse scale until the transverse sliding sheet points to the position of 10cm scale on the right side of the transverse scale.
(2) Measuring transverse magnetic field on Helmholtz coil axis
The physical definition of a helmholtz coil is that two identical circular coils are connected end to end and the distance between the two coils is equal to the radius of the coil, and the combination is called a helmholtz coil. In this embodiment, the first current-carrying circular coil and the second current-carrying circular coil are connected in series to form a helmholtz coil.
Make single-pole double-throw switch to two, connect helmholtz coil and second direct current regulated power supply, place hall sensor in on helmholtz coil axis, start from the position of horizontal scale left side 12cm scale, radial gleitbretter is located radial scale midpoint position this moment, rotatory horizontal rotatory drum removes horizontal gleitbretter, every interval record data on the magnetic field size display screen at a certain distance on horizontal scale, until the position of the directional right 12cm scale of horizontal gleitbretter.
(3) Quantitative exploration of relationship between ampere force and current
And the single-pole double-throw switch is turned to double, and is connected with the Helmholtz coil and a second direct-current stabilized power supply, so that the width L of the square wire frame is kept, and the number of turns N is unchanged. And connecting the square wire frame with a first direct current stabilized voltage power supply. The voltage of the second direct current stabilized power supply is kept unchanged, and the magnetic field generated by the Helmholtz coil is kept constant. The output voltage of the first direct current stabilized power supply is changed, and the magnitude of the current passing through the electrified square wire frame is displayed by a voltage and current magnitude display screen. And recording the lower passing current after the square wire frame current displayed by the voltage and current magnitude display screen is stable, and recording the display screen reading of the lower electronic scale after the current is stable.
(4) Quantitative exploration of the relationship between Ampere force and wire length
And recording an initial numerical value of the electronic scale after peeling a display screen of the electronic scale before the experiment. The single-pole double-throw switch is turned to double, the Helmholtz coil and the second direct-current stabilized power supply are connected, the output current and voltage of the second direct-current stabilized power supply are kept unchanged, and the magnetic induction intensity of the uniform magnetic field generated by the Helmholtz coil is kept unchanged. The length of the square wire frame is the same, but the effective length and width in a magnetic field are different, a square wire frame with one size is selected, and the square wire frame is fixed by a square wire frame bracket with two screws with nuts at two sides and then clamped at the tip ends of two pushpins at the central axis of the square wire frame to form a lever with smaller friction force. And adjusting the output voltage of the first direct current stabilized power supply to enable the current which is displayed by the voltage and current size display screen and passes through the square wire frame to be unchanged. After the current is stabilized, the displayed number of the electronic scale is recorded.
And replacing wire frames with different specifications for experiments.
(5) Quantitatively exploring the relationship between ampere force and magnetic induction intensity
The effective length L of the square wire frame and the number N of coil turns are kept unchanged. And connecting the square wire frame with a first direct current stabilized voltage power supply. The output voltage and the current of the first direct current stabilized power supply are kept unchanged, so that the current passing through the square through wire frame is unchanged. The single-pole double-throw switch is turned to double and is connected with the Helmholtz coil and the second direct-current stabilized power supply, and the magnetic field generated by the Helmholtz coil changes along with the change of the current provided by the second direct-current stabilized power supply. The output current is changed by adjusting the voltage of the second direct-current stabilized power supply, so that the magnetic induction intensity of the uniform magnetic field generated in the Helmholtz coil is changed along with the output current. The magnitude of the magnetic field is measured using a hall sensor. And recording the display screen display number of the electronic scale after the magnetic field displayed by the magnetic field size display screen and the square wire frame current displayed by the voltage and current size display screen are stable.
The invention combines the measurement experiments of the constant magnetic field and the alternating magnetic field based on the understanding of different magnetic field measurement methods and the integration of related experimental equipment, embodies the difference of the constant magnetic field and the alternating magnetic field in the electromagnetic effect, and helps students to know and understand the distribution conditions of the magnetic fields of the current-carrying circular coil and the Helmholtz coil. Meanwhile, on the basis, the arduino main board and the Hall sensor are used for measuring the size and the direction of the magnetic field, and the lever principle, the relation between acting force and reacting force, the electronic scale and other equipment are combined, so that intensive and careful quantitative research on various factors of ampere force is realized, the structural design is reasonable, the use is convenient, and the practicability is good.
The above embodiments are only used for further explanation of the present invention, and it is not understood that the present invention is limited by the protection scope of the present invention, and the technical engineers in the field are right according to the above contents of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a multi-functional magnetic field and ampere force measure comprehensive experiment appearance, includes base (30), its characterized in that: the device is characterized in that an electronic scale support (1) is fixedly arranged at the left end of the upper end face of the base (30), an electronic scale (2) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the electronic scale support (1), an electronic scale pan (29), an electronic scale display screen outer frame (28), an electronic scale display screen (27) and an electronic scale function button (26) are arranged on the electronic scale (2), a square wire frame (4) is arranged at the upper end of the electronic scale pan (29), a square wire frame support (5) is arranged at the middle part of the square wire frame (4), a square wire frame flat nail (3) is fixedly arranged at the left end of the square wire frame (4), a first current-carrying circular coil (6), a second current-carrying circular coil (19), a Hall sensor (7) and a Hall sensor lead connector (8) are fixedly arranged at the right end of the square wire frame (4), a radial sliding vane (10) and a radial scale, the lower end of the radial slip sheet (10) is provided with a radial rotating drum (9) and a radial guide rail (11), the lower end of the radial guide rail (11) is provided with a transverse slip sheet (12), the lower end of the transverse slip sheet (12) is provided with a transverse guide rail (13), the lower end of the transverse guide rail (13) is provided with a transverse lead screw (16), the right end of the transverse lead screw (16) is provided with a transverse rotating drum (14), the lower end of the transverse lead screw (16) is provided with a transverse guide rail base (15), and the front end face of the transverse lead screw (16) is provided with a; the right end of the second current-carrying circular coil (19) is provided with a magnetic field resolution adjusting knob (33), a magnetic field reset button (34), a current and voltage display screen wiring terminal (35), a current and voltage size display screen (36), a magnetic field size display screen (37), a magnetic field display screen wiring terminal (38) and a single-pole double-throw switch (39).
2. The multifunctional magnetic field and ampere force measurement comprehensive experiment instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second current-carrying circular coil (19) is positioned at the right end of the first current-carrying circular coil (6), a first semicircular bracket (21) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the first current-carrying circular coil (6), and a second semicircular bracket (22) is fixedly arranged at the lower end of the second current-carrying circular coil (19); the first current-carrying circular coil (6) is fixed on the base (30) through a first semicircular bracket (21), and the second current-carrying circular coil (19) is fixed on the base (30) through a second semicircular bracket (22).
3. The multifunctional magnetic field and ampere force measurement comprehensive experiment instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: the transverse sliding sheet (12) is driven to transversely move left and right by rotating the transverse rotating drum wheel (14); the radial sliding sheet (10) is driven to move back and forth in the radial direction by rotating the radial rotating drum wheel (9).
4. The multifunctional magnetic field and ampere force measurement comprehensive experiment instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: the Hall sensor (7) is fixed on the radial sliding sheet (10) through a bolt.
5. The multifunctional magnetic field and ampere force measurement comprehensive experiment instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: second current-carrying circle coil (19) lower extreme is provided with a current-carrying circle coil base (41), be provided with arduino mainboard in current-carrying circle coil base (41), be provided with hall sensor signal line (24) between arduino mainboard and hall sensor (7).
6. The multifunctional magnetic field and ampere force measurement comprehensive experiment instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: the power supply is characterized by further comprising a first direct-current stabilized power supply (25) and a second direct-current stabilized power supply (40), the square wire frame (4) is connected with the first direct-current stabilized power supply (25), and the first current-carrying circular coil (6) and the second current-carrying circular coil (19) are connected with the second direct-current stabilized power supply (40).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021745639.XU CN212541679U (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2020-08-20 | Multifunctional magnetic field and ampere force measuring comprehensive experimental instrument |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021745639.XU CN212541679U (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2020-08-20 | Multifunctional magnetic field and ampere force measuring comprehensive experimental instrument |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN212541679U true CN212541679U (en) | 2021-02-12 |
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| CN202021745639.XU Expired - Fee Related CN212541679U (en) | 2020-08-20 | 2020-08-20 | Multifunctional magnetic field and ampere force measuring comprehensive experimental instrument |
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