CN212522743U - Grating blade group and collimator - Google Patents
Grating blade group and collimator Download PDFInfo
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- CN212522743U CN212522743U CN202020346810.3U CN202020346810U CN212522743U CN 212522743 U CN212522743 U CN 212522743U CN 202020346810 U CN202020346810 U CN 202020346810U CN 212522743 U CN212522743 U CN 212522743U
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Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a grating blade group and collimator, grating blade group includes grating blade group, includes: a first blade layer and a second blade layer; the first blade layer and the second blade layer respectively comprise at least two blades which are sequentially arranged and can move relatively, and the moving direction and the arrangement direction of the blades are different; the first blade layer is distributed above or below the second blade layer, and the gaps between the blades in the first blade layer and the adjacent two blades in the second blade layer are opposite. The upper and lower two-layer blade is crisscross to be arranged, and lower floor's blade can shelter from the clearance of upper blade, has reduced the interlobe and has leaked the refracting index.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a grating blade group and a collimator.
Background
With the development of medical technology, radiotherapy becomes an important means of tumor treatment, and three-dimensional radiotherapy conformal treatment, four-dimensional radiotherapy conformal treatment, reverse intensity modulated radiotherapy and image-guided radiotherapy greatly improve the precision of radiotherapy. The multileaf grating is a key core functional device for realizing the accurate treatment, and the performance of the multileaf grating determines the effect of the treatment technologies.
The multi-leaf grating can accurately project rays with required dosage to a treatment target area of a patient, meanwhile, surrounding normal tissues are protected to the maximum extent, however, gaps exist among the leaves in the multi-leaf grating, radiation leakage can be caused, and the normal tissues are affected.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the above, an objective of the present invention is to provide a grating blade set and a collimator, so as to overcome some or all of the defects in the prior art.
In a first aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a grating blade assembly, including: a first blade layer and a second blade layer;
the first blade layer and the second blade layer respectively comprise at least two blades which are sequentially arranged and can move relatively, and the moving direction and the arrangement direction of the blades are different;
the first blade layer is distributed above or below the second blade layer, and the gaps between the blades in the first blade layer and the adjacent two blades in the second blade layer are opposite.
In a particular implementation of the present application, a first focal point of a laterally extending line of a blade in a first layer of blades is not coincident with a second focal point of a laterally extending line of a blade in a second layer of blades.
In a particular implementation of the present application, the first focal point is misaligned with the target point, and the second focal point is misaligned with the target point.
In a specific implementation of the present application, the first focus point and the second focus point are located on two sides of the target point respectively.
In a specific implementation of the present application, the two sides of the blade have an included angle therebetween.
In a specific implementation of the present application, the ends of the blades are rounded.
In a second aspect of the embodiments of the present application, there is provided a collimator, including a first blade box, a second blade box, a driving device, and a grating blade set as described in any of the embodiments of the present application;
blades of a first blade layer in the grating blade group are arranged in the first blade box body, and blades of a second blade layer in the grating blade group are arranged in the second blade box body;
the driving device is connected with the blade and drives the blade to move relative to the blade box body.
In this application a concrete realization, the blade has first direction restraint respectively at the both ends on the direction of height, and the first direction restraint is restricted and is removed in the blade box with the second direction restraint adaptation that has in the blade box, and the direction of height is perpendicular to moving direction and the direction of arranging.
In a particular implementation of the present application, there is a predetermined gap between the first guidance constraint and the second guidance constraint.
In this application a concrete realization, first direction restraint is the slide, and the second direction restraint is the spout, slide and spout adaptation.
In this application a concrete realization, slide and spout are the rectangle of adaptation.
In a specific implementation of the present application, the slideway forms six sliding fit pairs within the chute.
In a specific implementation of the present application, both sides of the bottom of the sliding groove are provided with a channel-giving groove.
In a specific implementation of the present application, the track-passing groove is of a circular arc structure or a square structure.
In a specific implementation of the present application, six sliding fit counter surfaces are coated with a tribological friction reducing layer.
According to the technical scheme, the grating blade group in the embodiment of the application comprises a first blade layer and a second blade layer; the first blade layer and the second blade layer respectively comprise at least two blades which are sequentially arranged and can move relatively, and the moving direction and the arrangement direction of the blades are different; the first blade layer is distributed above or below the second blade layer, and the gaps between the blades in the first blade layer and the adjacent two blades in the second blade layer are opposite. Therefore, two-layer blade is crisscross arranges about this application embodiment, and lower floor's blade can shelter from the clearance of upper blade, has reduced the leaf and has leaked the index between the leaf.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a functional diagram of a grating blade according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 1a is a schematic view of a grating blade according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 1b is a schematic view of a field effect provided in the present embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a grating blade assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2a is a schematic view of a grating blade according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2b is a schematic view of a field effect provided in the present embodiment;
FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram of a focusing point of a grating blade assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram of a focusing point of a grating blade set according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3c is a schematic view of a deflection focusing according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a blade shape provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a collimator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of the guiding constraint in a multiple leaf grating blade provided herein;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a multi-lobed grating blade according to the present disclosure in which the first guiding constraint is six sliding fit pairs;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a chute in a multi-leaf grating blade housing provided by the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic illustration of a multi-leaf grating blade runner antifriction coating provided by the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application shall fall within the scope of the protection of the embodiments in the present application.
Fig. 1 is a functional schematic diagram of a grating blade according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, there are two sets of grating blades arranged oppositely, each grating blade may move along a first direction (x direction in the drawing), each grating blade is arranged along a second direction (y direction in the drawing), and the second direction may be perpendicular to the first direction. The shape of each grating blade in the x direction can be adjusted in the central area to adapt to the treatment target area, the grating blades can shield rays, the rays which are not shielded by the grating blades can pass through the treatment area, and the radiation field can be formed in the radiation irradiation area. As shown in fig. 1a and fig. 1b, fig. 1a is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle of a grating blade according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and fig. 1b is a schematic diagram illustrating a field effect according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in fig. 1a, a ray is irradiated through a diaphragm and the grating blade to form a field, i.e., a treatment target area of a patient, which is formed by adjusting a position of each grating blade. In fig. 1b, the outermost shadow part is the protection area of the grating blade and the diaphragm, the middle shadow area is the protection area of the grating blade, and the most central blank area is the radiation field. As shown in fig. 1, gaps are formed between the grating blades, and the radiation is also irradiated to the normal tissue through the gaps, and this partial region may be irradiated by the radiation due to the gaps of the grating blades, which may affect the normal tissue, corresponding to the protection region of the grating blades in fig. 1 b.
The embodiment of the application sets up two-layer grating blade, and two-layer grating blade is crisscross arranges for lower floor's grating blade can block the clearance between the upper grating blade, reduces to leak and penetrates, protects normal tissue.
The following further describes specific implementations of embodiments of the present application with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a grating blade group provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the grating blade group 10 includes a first blade layer 101 and a second blade layer 102; the first blade layer 101 and the second blade layer 102 respectively comprise at least two blades which are sequentially arranged and can relatively move, and the moving direction and the arrangement direction of the blades are different; the first blade layers 101 are distributed above or below the second blade layers 102, and the blades in the first blade layers 101 are opposite to the gaps between two adjacent blades in the second blade layers 102.
As shown in fig. 2a and fig. 2b, fig. 2a is a schematic diagram of a grating blade according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, in fig. 2a, a ray is irradiated by a first blade layer 101 and a second blade layer 102 to form a radiation field, and in fig. 2a, the first blade layer 101 is located above the second blade layer 102, which is only an exemplary illustration, and the first blade layer 101 may also be located below the second blade layer 102, which is not limited in the present disclosure. Fig. 2b is a schematic view of a field effect provided by an embodiment of the present application, in fig. 2b, a shadow portion is a protection region of the first blade layer 101 and the second blade layer 102, a middle blank portion is a field, because the blades in the first blade layer 101 and the blades in the second blade layer 102 are arranged in a staggered manner, a gap between two adjacent blades in the first blade layer 101 and a gap between two adjacent blades in the second blade layer 102 are opposite, that is, a gap between two adjacent blades in the second blade layer 102 and a gap between two adjacent blades in the first blade layer 101 are opposite, even if a ray penetrates through the gap between the blades in the first blade layer 101, the ray can be shielded by the blades in the second blade layer 102, thereby reducing a leakage rate, and playing a better protection role in normal tissues around a target region.
It should be noted that, in one implementation, the gaps of the blades in the first blade layer 101 are aligned with the centers of the blades in the second blade layer 102.
In combination with the grating blade shown in fig. 1, the moving direction and the arrangement direction may be perpendicular to each other, or the moving direction and the arrangement direction may form a certain angle, for example, an included angle between the moving direction and the arrangement direction is 80 degrees or 60 degrees, and the like, which is not limited in this application, the moving direction corresponds to the first direction (x direction) shown in fig. 1, and the arrangement direction corresponds to the second direction (y direction) shown in fig. 1.
In addition, in conjunction with the grating blade group 10 shown in fig. 2, each of the first layer blade and the second layer blade may include two opposite blade groups, for example, the first layer blade includes a first blade group and a second blade group that are oppositely disposed, the second layer blade includes a third blade group and a fourth blade group that are oppositely disposed, and a region between the first blade group and the second blade group and a region between the third blade group and the fourth blade group form a field. Fig. 2 is an exemplary illustration, and how to arrange the vanes in each layer is not particularly limited as long as reduction of inter-vane radiation leakage can be achieved.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 3a, fig. 3a is a schematic view of a focusing point of a grating blade group provided in an embodiment of the present application, and in a specific implementation of the present application, a first focusing point of a side extension line of a blade in a first layer of blades is not coincident with a second focusing point of a side extension line of a blade in a second layer of blades.
The first focus point is the focus point of the side extension line of the first layer of blades, and the second focus point is the focus point of the side extension line of the blades in the second layer of blades.
Optionally, the first focus point is not coincident with the target point, and the second focus point is not coincident with the target point.
Further optionally, as shown in fig. 3b, fig. 3b is a schematic view of a focusing point of a grating blade group according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and in a specific implementation of the present disclosure, the first focusing point and the second focusing point are respectively located at two sides of the target point.
Taking the blade in the first blade layer 101 as an example, as shown in fig. 3c, fig. 3c is a schematic view of a deflection focusing provided by the embodiment of the present application; the focus point of the side extension line of the blade and the target point have offset in the blade arrangement direction, the moving direction and the arrangement direction of the blade are mutually vertical, and a preset included angle Z is formed between the two side extension focus lines H1 of the blade and the beam line of the target point B1The two sides of the blade are focused on a first focal point F1, the first focal point F1 is not coincident with the target point B and is offset by a distance L1, so that the distance between the first focal point F1 and the target point B is L1＝H1tanθ1Since the first focusing point F1 of the embodiment of the present application and the target point B have an offset in the blade arrangement direction, the radiation is blocked from passing through between the blades of the first blade layer 101, and the inter-blade leakage rate is further reduced. Similarly, the side extension focal line H1 of the blade in the second blade layer 102 and the straight line of the beam current at the target point B have a preset included angle theta2The second focal point F2 is offset from the target point B by a distance L2 so as to form a second focal point F2 at a distance L from the target point B2＝H2tanθ2. Reducing the transmission of radiation between the leaves of the second leaf layer 102 further reduces the inter-leaf leakage rate. The grating blade assembly 10 provided by the embodiment of the present application further reduces the inter-leaf leakage rate due to the double-layer deflection focusing.
Optionally, in a specific implementation of the present application, an included angle is formed between two side surfaces of the blade. Because two sides (two sides on the direction of arranging) nonparallel of blade have the contained angle, therefore can realize the blade focus, reduce the field penumbra.
Optionally, in a specific implementation of the present application, the end of the blade is arc-shaped. Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a blade shape according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 4. Because the end part of the blade is arc-shaped, the blade is tangent with the beam current at any position, and the penumbra of the field edge is reduced.
The grating blade group 10 in the embodiment of the present application includes a first blade layer 101 and a second blade layer 102; the first blade layer 101 and the second blade layer 102 respectively comprise at least two blades which are sequentially arranged and can relatively move, and the moving direction and the arrangement direction of the blades are different; the first blade layers 101 are distributed above or below the second blade layers 102, and the blades in the first blade layers 101 are opposite to the gaps between two adjacent blades in the second blade layers 102. Therefore, two-layer blade is crisscross arranges about this application embodiment, and lower floor's blade can shelter from the clearance of upper blade, has reduced the leaf and has leaked the index between the leaf.
Based on the grating blade assembly 10 described in the foregoing embodiment, an embodiment of the present application provides a collimator 20, as shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a collimator provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the collimator 20 includes a first blade box 201, a second blade box 202, a driving device 203, and the grating blade assembly 10 described in any embodiment of the present application;
blades of a first blade layer 101 in the grating blade group 10 are arranged in a first blade box 201, and blades of a second blade layer 102 in the grating blade group 10 are arranged in a second blade box 202;
the driving device 203 is connected with the blade and drives the blade to move relative to the blade box.
Two sides of the blade do not need to be provided with mortises, and the blade is a plane and can extend a preset included angle theta between a focusing line and a target point beam line straight line through the two sides1，θ2And offset between a blade focus point (the focus point of the first blade layer 101 is a first focus point, and the focus point of the second blade layer 102 is a second focus point) and a target point in the blade arrangement direction is realized, so that rays are prevented from passing through the blades, and the leakage rate between the blades is reduced. And two sides of the blade do not need to be provided with mortises and are planes, so that the structural complexity of the blade is reduced, the processing difficulty of the blade is small, the cost is low, and the manufacturing precision is ensured.
In addition, the blade structure has the advantages of few types of blades, high interchangeability and reduction of installation and maintenance difficulty. Two sides of the blade are planes, and a mortise structure is not arranged between the blades, so that a plurality of matching surfaces are formed when the mortise structure is used for avoiding the interdigital, the interdigital difficulty is reduced, and the flexibility of the interdigital of the blade is ensured. The blades do not have a tongue-and-groove structure, and a tongue-and-groove effect does not exist in the projection area between the blades, so that the treatment precision is improved.
In a specific implementation of the present application, the predetermined included angle θ1，θ20.2-0.7 deg. Therefore, on the premise of further ensuring that the focusing point of the blade is not coincident with the target point, rays are better prevented from passing through the blades, and the leakage rate between the blades is reduced.
In the embodiment of the application, the preset included angle theta1，θ2The above range is not limited, and those skilled in the art can set other ranges as needed.
In another specific implementation of the present application, two ends of the blade in the height direction respectively have a first guiding constraint, the first guiding constraint is adapted to a second guiding constraint in the blade box, so as to limit the blade to move in the blade box, wherein the height direction is perpendicular to the moving direction and the arrangement direction.
According to the embodiment of the application, the first guide constraint and the second guide constraint are matched to limit the movement of the blade relative to the blade box body, so that the movement of the blade is reliably constrained, the guide is reliable, and the driving force output by the driving device 203 is reduced. The blades can flexibly advance and retreat, keep the posture, and realize quick response and high dynamic characteristics.
Referring to fig. 6, there is a preset gap 61 between the first and second guiding constraints. The preset gap 61 is set by a person skilled in the art as required, specifically, the preset gap 61 is a small gap, the preset gap 61 ensures that the blade is in a free motion state in the blade box and controls the blade not to deflect in the blade box, and a gap state is maintained between adjacent blades.
In yet another specific implementation of the present application, the first guiding constraint is a slide, the second guiding constraint is a chute, and the slide is adapted to the chute.
The adaptation structure of slide and spout leads the restraint, can realize the motion of blade is reliably retrained and is led, and processing simple manufacture, low cost.
Illustratively, the cross section of the slideway is rectangular, and the cross section of the chute is also rectangular.
The cross section of the chute and the cross section of the chute can be in other shapes, which is not limited in the embodiment of the application.
In the embodiment of the present application, the first guiding constraint and the second guiding constraint are not limited to the structures of the slide and the chute, and other structures for realizing reliable constraint and guiding may be selected according to the requirement.
Illustratively, referring to fig. 7, the first guiding constraint is a rectangular slideway arranged at two ends of the blade, the blade performs four-slideway limit (a slideway a, a slideway b, a slideway c and a slideway d in the figure) in the width direction (X direction), performs two-slideway limit (a slideway e and a slideway f in the figure) in the height direction (Y direction), the slideway on the blade is in concave-convex fit with the slideway on the blade box, the slideway forms six sliding fit pairs (namely, the sliding fit pairs formed by matching the slideways a-f with the corresponding positions of the blade box in the figure) in the slideway, and constrains five degrees of freedom of the blade together and only retains the degree of freedom in the moving direction. According to the embodiment of the application, the blades are limited in the blade box body, and friction and rubbing between adjacent blades are avoided, so that the resistance and noise of blade operation are reduced. The slideway a, the slideway b, the slideway c and the slideway d are parallel to each other, and the slideway e and the slideway f are parallel to each other. The slide way e and the slide way f are in vertical relation with the slide way a, the slide way b, the slide way c and the slide way d.
Referring to fig. 8, in order to prevent the sharp corners of the slideways at the upper and lower ends of the blade from being scratched from the sliding grooves on the blade box body, a passage groove 81 is formed at both sides of the bottom of the sliding grooves.
Specifically, for the convenience of manufacturing, the channel-letting groove 81 has an arc structure or a square structure.
One skilled in the art can select the channel-providing groove 81 to have other structures as required, and can select whether to provide the channel-providing groove 81.
Referring to fig. 9, in order to further reduce the guiding resistance and smoothness, the six sliding fit auxiliary surfaces are coated with a tribological friction reducing layer 91.
In order to restrain the blade posture and ensure that the preset clearance fit between the first guide constraint and the second guide constraint is micro clearance fit, the surfaces of six sliding fit pairs of the blades are coated with tribological antifriction layers 91, the width of the end part of the blade at the position matched with the blade box body is increased, and the micro clearance fit is realized. The matching clearance between adjacent blades is ensured, and the blades are prevented from being scraped, so that the running resistance of the blades is reduced, and the running speed and the running flexibility of the blades are ensured.
According to the technical scheme, the grating blade group in the embodiment of the application comprises a first blade layer and a second blade layer; the first blade layer and the second blade layer respectively comprise at least two blades which are sequentially arranged and can move relatively, and the moving direction and the arrangement direction of the blades are different; the first blade layer is distributed above or below the second blade layer, and the gaps between the blades in the first blade layer and the adjacent two blades in the second blade layer are opposite. Therefore, two-layer blade is crisscross arranges about this application embodiment, and lower floor's blade can shelter from the clearance of upper blade, has reduced the leaf and has leaked the index between the leaf.
Of course, it is not necessary for any particular embodiment of the present application to achieve all of the above advantages at the same time.
The expressions "first", "second", "said first" or "said second" as used in various embodiments of the present application may modify various components irrespective of order and/or importance, but these expressions do not limit the respective components. The foregoing description is only for the purpose of distinguishing elements from other elements. For example, the first user equipment and the second user equipment represent different user equipment, although both are user equipment. For example, a first element could be termed a second element, and, similarly, a second element could be termed a first element, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
While preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications of these embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiment and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the true scope of the embodiments of the application. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the embodiments of the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the embodiments of the present application and their equivalents, the embodiments of the present application are intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (15)
1. A grating blade assembly, comprising: a first blade layer and a second blade layer;
the first blade layer and the second blade layer respectively comprise at least two blades which are sequentially arranged and can relatively move, and the moving direction and the arrangement direction of the blades are different;
the first blade layer is distributed above or below the second blade layer, and the gaps between the blades in the first blade layer and the adjacent two blades in the second blade layer are opposite.
2. The grating blade assembly of claim 1,
the first focal point of the laterally extending lines of the blades in the first blade layer is not coincident with the second focal point of the laterally extending lines of the blades in the second blade layer.
3. The grating blade assembly of claim 2, wherein the first focal point is not coincident with a target point and the second focal point is not coincident with the target point.
4. The grating blade assembly of claim 2, wherein the first focal point and the second focal point are located on either side of a target point.
5. The grating blade assembly of claim 1 wherein the two sides of the blade have an included angle therebetween.
6. The grating blade assembly of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the end of the blade is radiused.
7. A collimator comprising a first blade housing, a second blade housing, a driving device, and a grating blade set according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
blades of a first blade layer in the grating blade group are arranged in the first blade box body, and blades of a second blade layer in the grating blade group are arranged in the second blade box body;
the driving device is connected with the blade and drives the blade to move relative to the blade box body.
8. The collimator of claim 7, wherein the blades have first guiding constraints at both ends in a height direction, the first guiding constraints being adapted to second guiding constraints provided in the blade housing to limit movement of the blades in the blade housing, the height direction being perpendicular to the moving direction and the arranging direction.
9. The collimator of claim 8, wherein the first guiding constraint and the second guiding constraint have a preset gap therebetween.
10. The collimator of claim 8 or 9, wherein the first guiding constraint is a slide and the second guiding constraint is a chute, the slide fitting with the chute.
11. The collimator of claim 10, wherein the cross-section of the chute and the slide is a fitted rectangle.
12. The collimator of claim 11, wherein the slides form six sliding-fit pairs within the chute.
13. The collimator of claim 12, wherein said chute has a relief slot on both sides of the bottom of said chute.
14. The collimator of claim 13, wherein the relief groove has a circular arc structure or a square structure.
15. The collimator of claim 14, wherein the six slip fit secondary surfaces are coated with a tribological friction reducing layer.
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