CN212500977U - Hybrid ship energy efficiency control system - Google Patents
Hybrid ship energy efficiency control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN212500977U CN212500977U CN202021935365.0U CN202021935365U CN212500977U CN 212500977 U CN212500977 U CN 212500977U CN 202021935365 U CN202021935365 U CN 202021935365U CN 212500977 U CN212500977 U CN 212500977U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a hybrid ship energy efficiency control system, which comprises a first diesel generator set, a second diesel generator set, a shore power supply, an alternating current bus, an energy storage unit, a direct current bus, a left motor, a left clutch, a left host, a right motor, a right clutch and a right host; the first diesel generator set and the second diesel generator set are connected with a shore power supply alternating current bus; the alternating current bus is connected to the direct current bus; the energy storage units are sequentially connected with a direct current bus; the direct current bus is connected with the left motor and the right motor; the left motor is connected with the left propeller and the left main machine; the right motor is connected with the right propeller and the right main machine. The advantages are that: the propeller can be driven by the main machine independently, the motor independently or the combined diesel-electric drive of the main machine and the motor; the motor can work in a propulsion state or a power generation state, and the reliability is high.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an energy-saving emission reduction and hybrid technical field such as boats and ships, ocean engineering's engineering ship, tow boat especially relate to a hybrid boats and ships efficiency control system.
Background
At present, fuel oil is still the leading energy of ships, and oil saving is the fundamental task of ships.
The waste heat of the main engine of the ship is utilized to save energy, the waste heat of the main engine is successfully utilized by the existing waste gas boiler, the waste gas turbine and the water generator, and the waste heat of the low-speed main engine is directly utilized. The method for converting the waste heat of the main engine into the electric energy is a hot point, and comprises a shaft motor, waste gas turbine power generation, waste gas boiler steam power generation, main engine exhaust ORC power generation, exhaust gas and environment temperature difference power generation, adoption of a variable-pitch propeller and the like, so that the cost is high, the benefit is poor, and only the shaft motor has an application prospect.
Oil-gas hybrid power and oil-electricity-gas hybrid power are one of the hot directions of ship development, oil-electricity hybrid power ships have become research hot and are started to be implemented, and oil-electricity-gas hybrid power ships have not been researched yet. But only the problems of emission and pollution of SOx, NOx and the like are solved, and if a storage battery energy storage technology is not added in the hybrid power, the optimal energy efficiency of the hybrid power ship is difficult to guarantee. At present, the research of oil-electricity hybrid power takes electric propulsion as a key point, and the oil saving of a diesel engine is basically neglected.
At present, many problems exist in the aspect of ship energy efficiency utilization, and the problems are as follows:
(1) the ship sails at an economic sailing speed to achieve an oil-saving target, but the economic sailing speed is influenced by a sailing line, cargo operation and the like, and the ship always sails at a variable speed for the conditions of shipping time, operation requirements, loading and unloading requirements, port tide water, avoidance of severe sea conditions and the like and is far away from the economic sailing speed, which is a ubiquitous problem and problem.
(2) The working conditions of tug boats, engineering ships and other ships are variable and unstable, the parking working condition, the anchoring working condition, the cruising working condition, the towing or construction working condition are divided into light load and heavy load, but the power configuration is designed according to the full load working condition, so that the power storage is wasted and is not economical.
(3) The existing hybrid power ship is not used for both diesel engine propulsion and electric propulsion, which is a technical difficulty restricting the improvement of the energy efficiency of the ship.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a hybrid boats and ships efficiency control system to solve the aforementioned problem that exists among the prior art.
In order to realize the purpose, the utility model discloses a technical scheme as follows:
a hybrid power ship energy efficiency control system comprises a left screw propeller and a right screw propeller; the control system comprises a first diesel generator set, a second diesel generator set, a shore power supply, an alternating current bus, an energy storage unit, a direct current bus, a left motor, a left clutch, a left host, a right motor, a right clutch and a right host; the first diesel generator set and the second diesel generator set are respectively connected with an alternating current bus through a first alternating current circuit breaker and a second alternating current circuit breaker; the shore power supply is connected with an alternating current bus through a vacuum circuit breaker, a transformer bank and a third alternating current circuit breaker in sequence; the alternating current bus is respectively connected with the first rectifying/inverting module, the second rectifying/inverting module, the third rectifying/inverting module and the fourth rectifying/inverting module through the fourth alternating current breaker, the fifth alternating current breaker, the sixth alternating current breaker and the seventh alternating current breaker, and then respectively connected to the direct current bus through the corresponding first direct current breaker, the second direct current breaker, the third direct current breaker and the fourth direct current breaker; the energy storage unit is connected with a direct current bus through the fifth direct current breaker, the chopper and the sixth direct current breaker in sequence; an eighth alternating current circuit breaker is arranged on an alternating current bus between the fourth alternating current circuit breaker and the fifth alternating current circuit breaker; a ninth alternating current circuit breaker is arranged on an alternating current bus between the sixth alternating current circuit breaker and the seventh alternating current circuit breaker; the direct current bus is respectively connected with a tenth alternating current circuit breaker and an eleventh alternating current circuit breaker through a fifth rectification/inversion module and a sixth rectification/inversion module, and then is respectively connected with a left motor and a right motor; the left motor is connected with the left propeller and the left main machine; the right motor is connected with the right propeller and the right main machine.
Preferably, the first diesel generator set and the second diesel generator set have the same model and different capacities, and the power of the second diesel generator set is half of that of the first diesel generator set.
Preferably, the energy storage unit comprises a storage battery pack and a super capacitor; the storage battery pack comprises a first lithium battery pack, a second lithium battery pack, a third lithium battery pack and a fourth lithium battery pack, and the capacities of the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack are equal and are the capacity of the second diesel generator set; the capacity of the third lithium battery pack is equal to that of the fourth lithium battery pack and is half of that of the second diesel generator set.
Preferably, when the left propeller and the right propeller adopt propellers with variable pitches, the left motor and the right motor are respectively connected with the left main machine and the right main machine; when the left screw propeller and the right screw propeller adopt fixed-distance screw propellers; the left motor is connected with the left host through the left clutch; the right motor is connected with the right host through the right clutch.
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model has flexible ship propulsion mode, the propeller can be driven by the host machine alone, the motor alone or the combined diesel-electric drive of the host machine and the motor; the left motor and the right motor have flexible working conditions, can work in a propulsion state and a power generation state, and have high reliability.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a control system in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the invention, are given by way of illustration only.
As shown in FIG. 1, in this embodimentThe energy efficiency control system of the hybrid power ship is provided, and the ship comprises a left screw propeller and a right screw propeller; the control system comprises a first diesel generator set, a second diesel generator set, a shore power supply, an alternating current bus, an energy storage unit, a direct current bus, a left motor, a left clutch, a left host, a right motor, a right clutch and a right host; the first diesel generator set and the second diesel generator set are respectively connected with an alternating current bus through a first alternating current breaker (ACB1) and a second alternating current breaker (ACB 2); the shore power supply is connected with an alternating current bus through a Vacuum Circuit Breaker (VCB), a transformer bank and a third alternating current circuit breaker in sequence; the alternating current bus is respectively connected with the first rectifying/inverting module through a fourth alternating current breaker (ACB4), a fifth alternating current breaker (ACB5), a sixth alternating current breaker (ACB6) and a seventh alternating current breaker (ACB7)
Second rectifying/inverting module
Third rectifying/inverting module
And a fourth rectifying/inverting module
And then respectively connected to the DC bus through a corresponding first DC breaker (DCB1), a second DC breaker (DCB2), a third DC breaker (DCB3) and a fourth DC breaker (DCB 4); the energy storage unit is connected with a direct current bus through a fifth direct current breaker (DCB5), a chopper (DC/DC) and a sixth direct current breaker (DCB6) in sequence; an eighth alternating current breaker (ACB8) is arranged on an alternating current bus between the fourth alternating current breaker (ACB4) and the fifth alternating current breaker (ACB 5); a ninth alternating current breaker (ACB9) is arranged on an alternating current bus between the sixth alternating current breaker (ACB6) and the seventh alternating current breaker (ACB 7); the direct current bus respectively passes through a fifth rectification/inversion module
And a sixth rectifying/inverting module
A tenth alternating current breaker (ACB10) and an eleventh alternating current breaker (ACB11) are respectively connected, and then a left motor and a right motor are respectively connected; the left motor is connected with the left propeller and the left main machine; the right motor is connected with the right propeller and the right main machine.
In this embodiment, the first diesel generator set and the second diesel generator set have the same model and different capacities, and the power of the second diesel generator set is half of that of the first diesel generator set.
In this embodiment, the energy storage unit includes a storage battery pack and a super capacitor; the storage battery pack comprises a first lithium battery pack, a second lithium battery pack, a third lithium battery pack and a fourth lithium battery pack, and the capacities of the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack are equal and are the capacity of the second diesel generator set; the capacity of the third lithium battery pack is equal to that of the fourth lithium battery pack, and is half of the capacity of the first diesel generator set or half of the capacity of the second diesel generator set.
In this embodiment, when the left propeller and the right propeller adopt propellers with variable pitches, the left motor and the right motor are respectively connected with the left main machine and the right main machine; when the left screw propeller and the right screw propeller adopt fixed-distance screw propellers; the left motor is connected with the left host through the left clutch; the right motor is connected with the right host through the right clutch.
In this embodiment, first diesel generating set and second diesel generating set connect the alternating current generating line and merge into alternating current power grid through first alternating current circuit breaker and second alternating current circuit breaker respectively, and both the same model different capacity, second diesel generating set's power is half of first diesel generating set. During the berthing period of the ship, shore power is connected, and a shore power supply is regulated into a ship voltage grade through a vacuum circuit breaker and a transformer and then is connected with an alternating current bus through a third alternating current circuit breaker to be merged into an alternating current power grid. The alternating current power grid supplies power to the whole ship alternating current load, the alternating current power grid is respectively connected with four corresponding rectifying modules (a first rectifying/inverting module, a second rectifying/inverting module, a third rectifying/inverting module and a fourth rectifying/inverting module) through a fourth alternating current circuit breaker, a fifth alternating current circuit breaker, a sixth alternating current circuit breaker and a seventh alternating current circuit breaker, and then is connected with a direct current bus through a first direct current circuit breaker, a second direct current circuit breaker, a third direct current circuit breaker and a fourth direct current circuit breaker to be merged into the direct current power grid. The direct current power grid supplies power for uninterrupted power supplies of communication, navigation and other equipment of the whole ship, storage battery packs and other direct current loads. An eighth alternating current circuit breaker and a ninth alternating current circuit breaker of a tie switch are arranged between the first diesel generating set and the second diesel generating set, power can be supplied independently or jointly, and the flexible topological structure is achieved.
In this embodiment, the ac circuit breaker is an air circuit breaker. The rectification/inversion module can adopt AC/DC or DC/AC in the prior art. The chopper adopts DC/DC in the prior art.
In this embodiment, the energy storage unit includes a storage battery pack and a super capacitor; the storage battery pack comprises a first lithium battery pack, a second lithium battery pack, a third lithium battery pack and a fourth lithium battery pack, and the capacities of the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack are equal and are the capacity of the second diesel generator set; the capacity of the third lithium battery pack is equal to that of the fourth lithium battery pack, and is half of the capacity of the first diesel generator set or half of the capacity of the second diesel generator set. The energy storage unit can store energy and discharge.
The left and right main machines are medium-speed machines, the power output shaft of the main machine is connected with a rotor shaft with a permanent magnet variable frequency synchronous motor through a stepless speed-adjustable clutch, the M/G rotor shaft of the motor is a middle shaft of a ship shafting, the rotor shaft of the motor is respectively and rigidly connected with the output end of the clutch and a tail shaft through flanges at two ends, and the tail shaft directly drives a fixed-distance propeller. If a clutch is not used, a variable pitch propeller needs to be provided.
After the clutch is connected and arranged, the main machine drives the shaft motor and the propeller to rotate, so that the ship is pushed on one hand, and the motor is driven to generate power to supply to a ship power grid on the other hand; or the motor is in an electric state, and the motor and the main machine jointly drive the propeller to rotate. After the clutch is disengaged, the main machine stops rotating, the shaft motor is a propulsion motor, the propeller is driven to rotate, a flexible ship propulsion mode is provided, and the propeller can be driven by the main machine alone, the motor alone or the combined diesel-electric drive of the main machine and the motor; the left motor and the right motor have flexible working conditions, can work in a propulsion state and a power generation state, and have high reliability.
In the embodiment, the control system can realize the hybrid control of the ship under various working conditions; the ship working condition specifically comprises:
berthing working condition; the shore power supply supplies power and fully charges the energy storage unit; (at this time, the first ac breaker and the second ac breaker are opened, the tenth ac breaker and the eleventh ac breaker are opened, and the remaining breakers are all closed);
anchoring working conditions; the energy storage unit supplies power, when the anchoring time is too long, the energy storage unit discharges to 30% of the rated capacity of the energy storage unit, the second diesel generating set is started to supply power preferentially, and the energy storage unit is fully charged; when the power failure of the whole ship occurs, the second diesel generator set is started automatically to enable the power supply of the ship to be recovered to be normal, and the second diesel generator set has an emergency power generation function; (at this time, the first AC circuit breaker, the second AC circuit breaker and the third AC circuit breaker are disconnected, the tenth AC circuit breaker and the eleventh AC circuit breaker are disconnected, and the rest circuit breakers are closed;
stopping working condition; the first diesel generator set, the second diesel generator set, the left host, the right host, the left motor and the right motor are shut down; (at this time, all circuit breakers are open);
waiting for a working condition; the ship is in a standby state and can start immediately after receiving a ship starting command; the spare vehicle state comprises a parking spare vehicle, an anchoring spare vehicle and a floating spare vehicle; the berthing standby vehicle and the anchoring standby vehicle need to start a second diesel generator set firstly to charge the energy storage unit, when an operating system of the ship is abnormal, the whole ship enters preparation for starting at any time, and if the waiting working condition time is too long, the second diesel generator set is stopped and is converted into power supply of the energy storage unit; when the floating parking is carried out for standby, the left or right screw propeller runs at a slow speed, and when the power supply time of the energy storage unit is too long, the energy storage unit discharges to 30% of the rated capacity of the energy storage unit, the second diesel generator set is started to supply power; when the floating parking backup vehicle is in a floating parking backup vehicle, at least one propeller is needed to operate, and a motor corresponding to the propeller is in a PTI electric mode; (when the parking standby vehicle and the anchoring standby vehicle are in a state, firstly, a first alternating current circuit breaker, a second alternating current circuit breaker, a third alternating current circuit breaker, a tenth alternating current circuit breaker and an eleventh alternating current circuit breaker are disconnected, and the rest circuit breakers are all closed; when the waiting working condition time is overlong, the second alternating current circuit breaker is closed, and the rest circuit breakers are in a state of unchanging) (when the parking standby vehicle is floated, firstly, one of the tenth alternating current circuit breaker and the eleventh alternating current circuit breaker is closed, the first alternating current circuit breaker, the second alternating current circuit breaker and the third alternating current circuit breaker are disconnected, and the rest circuit breakers are closed; when the energy storage unit discharges to 30% of the rated capacity due to overlong power supply time, the second alternating current circuit breaker is closed, the second diesel generator set is started to;
working conditions of entering and leaving ports (maneuvering slow navigation, and cooperative operation of a diesel generator set and an energy storage unit); preferably, the energy storage unit supplies power, the two motors respectively drive the corresponding propellers to operate in a PTI electric mode, and the host and the motors are both in a starting state at any time; when the power supply time of the energy storage unit is too long, the energy storage unit discharges to 30% of the rated capacity of the energy storage unit, the second diesel generator set is put into operation and is maintained to be in the lowest full-load SFOC operation, the two motors are both in the PTI electric mode, and the ship is in the electric propulsion mode; (in the process, the first AC circuit breaker, the second AC circuit breaker and the third AC circuit breaker are disconnected, the rest circuit breakers are closed, when the power supply time of the energy storage unit is too long, the energy storage unit discharges to 30% of the rated capacity, the second AC circuit breaker is closed, the second diesel generator set is started, and the states of the rest circuit breakers are unchanged)
Low-speed or medium-speed working conditions of the ship (the diesel-electric set does not work); preferably, the energy storage unit is powered, the two motors are in PTI electric working modes and respectively drive the corresponding propellers to run, when the power supply time of the energy storage unit is too long, the energy storage unit discharges to 30% of the rated capacity of the energy storage unit, one host machine is put into operation to drive the corresponding propeller to run, the host machine is put into operation and is maintained in full-load minimum SFOC operation, and the motor connected with the host machine is in a PTO power generation mode; the other main machine does not operate, the motor connected with the main machine is in a PTI electric mode, and the ship enters a double-shaft hybrid propulsion mode at the moment; (in the process, the first AC breaker, the second AC breaker and the third AC breaker are disconnected, the first AC breaker, the second AC breaker and the third AC breaker are closed with the breakers, when the power supply time of the energy storage unit is too long, the energy storage unit discharges to 30% of the rated capacity, and the main machine is put into operation)
High-speed working conditions of the ship; the two main machines are put into operation and are maintained to work at the full load lowest SFOC, and the two motors are in a PTO power generation mode and are fully charged for the energy storage unit; (in this process, the first AC circuit breaker, the second AC circuit breaker and the third AC circuit breaker are opened, and the remaining circuit breakers are all closed)
The maximum drag force working condition; preferably, the two main machines are both put into operation and are maintained to be in the lowest full-load SFOC operation, the left motor and the right motor are in PTI electric modes, and the energy storage unit supplies power to the motors and drives the propeller to operate together with the main machines; when the energy storage unit discharges to 30% of the rated capacity of the energy storage unit, the two diesel engine sets are put into operation and are maintained to be in the minimum SFOC operation at full load; when the ship pushes or drags the load to change, the two motors automatically switch the PTI electric mode or the PTO power generation mode to balance sudden increase or sudden decrease of the load, and the energy storage unit is matched with the two motors to charge or discharge to balance the sudden increase or the sudden decrease of the electric load, so that the effect of 'flat peak and valley filling' is realized. The maximum towing force working condition of the tugboat and the engineering ship only accounts for about 5 percent of the service cycle of the whole tugboat and the engineering ship, so that the power of the main engine can be selected to be small, and a large amount of fuel oil waste and environmental pollution are prevented. (in this process, the first AC circuit breaker, the second AC circuit breaker and the third AC circuit breaker are opened, and the rest circuit breakers are all closed; when the energy storage unit discharges to 30% of the rated capacity, the first AC circuit breaker and the second AC circuit breaker are closed, and the state of the rest circuit breakers is unchanged).
Wherein, PTI (electric mode) is the output power generated by the motor; the PTO (power generation mode) specifically refers to the output power generated by the motor driven by the main engine. The control system is provided with a complete control method which can cooperatively control the conversion of the diesel generator, the motor, the host and the energy storage unit in various modes, thereby realizing the low-energy-consumption operation of the ship under various working conditions.
The control system comprises an upper computer, the upper computer can control the first diesel generator set, the second diesel generator set, a shore power supply, an energy storage unit, a left motor, a right motor, a left host, a right host, starting and stopping of a left clutch and a right clutch, an alternating current circuit breaker, a vacuum circuit breaker, closing of a transformer set and a direct current circuit breaker, a communication mode between an alternating current bus and a direct current bus is achieved, and then a left propeller of a ship is controlled and operation of the propeller is achieved, hybrid control of the ship under different working conditions is achieved, and then a ship operation mode with low energy consumption is achieved.
Through adopting the utility model discloses an above-mentioned technical scheme has obtained following profitable effect:
a hybrid power ship energy efficiency control system has a flexible ship propulsion mode, and a propeller can be driven by a host machine alone, a motor alone or a combined diesel-electric drive of the host machine and the motor; the left motor and the right motor have flexible working conditions, can work in a propulsion state and a power generation state, and have high reliability.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of improvements and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and decorations should also be viewed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A hybrid power ship energy efficiency control system comprises a left screw propeller and a right screw propeller; the method is characterized in that: the control system comprises a first diesel generator set, a second diesel generator set, a shore power supply, an alternating current bus, an energy storage unit, a direct current bus, a left motor, a left clutch, a left host, a right motor, a right clutch and a right host; the first diesel generator set and the second diesel generator set are respectively connected with an alternating current bus through a first alternating current circuit breaker and a second alternating current circuit breaker; the shore power supply is connected with an alternating current bus through a vacuum circuit breaker, a transformer bank and a third alternating current circuit breaker in sequence; the alternating current bus is respectively connected with the first rectifying/inverting module, the second rectifying/inverting module, the third rectifying/inverting module and the fourth rectifying/inverting module through the fourth alternating current breaker, the fifth alternating current breaker, the sixth alternating current breaker and the seventh alternating current breaker, and then respectively connected to the direct current bus through the corresponding first direct current breaker, the second direct current breaker, the third direct current breaker and the fourth direct current breaker; the energy storage unit is connected with a direct current bus through a fifth direct current breaker, a chopper and a sixth direct current breaker in sequence; an eighth alternating current circuit breaker is arranged on an alternating current bus between the fourth alternating current circuit breaker and the fifth alternating current circuit breaker; a ninth alternating current circuit breaker is arranged on an alternating current bus between the sixth alternating current circuit breaker and the seventh alternating current circuit breaker; the direct current bus is respectively connected with a tenth alternating current circuit breaker and an eleventh alternating current circuit breaker through a fifth rectification/inversion module and a sixth rectification/inversion module, and then is respectively connected with a left motor and a right motor; the left motor is connected with the left propeller and the left main machine; the right motor is connected with the right propeller and the right main machine.
2. The hybrid marine energy efficiency control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first diesel generator set and the second diesel generator set are the same in model and different in capacity, and the power of the second diesel generator set is half of that of the first diesel generator set.
3. The hybrid marine energy efficiency control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the energy storage unit comprises a storage battery pack and a super capacitor; the storage battery pack comprises a first lithium battery pack, a second lithium battery pack, a third lithium battery pack and a fourth lithium battery pack, and the capacities of the first lithium battery pack and the second lithium battery pack are equal and are the capacity of the second diesel generator set; the capacity of the third lithium battery pack is equal to that of the fourth lithium battery pack and is half of that of the second diesel generator set.
4. The hybrid marine energy efficiency control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the left propeller and the right propeller adopt propellers with variable pitches, the left motor and the right motor are respectively connected with the left main machine and the right main machine; when the left screw propeller and the right screw propeller adopt fixed-distance screw propellers; the left motor is connected with the left host through the left clutch; the right motor is connected with the right host through the right clutch.
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| CN202021935365.0U CN212500977U (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | Hybrid ship energy efficiency control system |
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| CN202021935365.0U CN212500977U (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | Hybrid ship energy efficiency control system |
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