CN212485753U

CN212485753U - Rolling reversing device

Info

Publication number: CN212485753U
Application number: CN202021374150.6U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄国灿
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-02-21
Filing date: 2020-07-13
Publication date: 2021-02-05
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-13

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rolling reversing device, including commutator and at least two brushes that are used for connecting the rotor, the brush includes setting up at its first terminal surface that is close to commutator one side, the commutator includes that at least two set up the second terminal surface along the circumferencial direction, first terminal surface and second terminal surface all are ARC structure, first terminal surface and second terminal surface butt each other to form rolling friction; the brush is used for being connected with the rotor through the commutator to form a closed circuit. The utility model discloses in, the first terminal surface through the brush and the second terminal surface butt of commutator each other to form rolling friction, thereby reduce the brush and take place the wearing and tearing that the friction is the production with the commutator.

Description

Rolling reversing device

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an electrical equipment field especially relates to a roll switching-over device.

Background

The conventional motor sliding commutator has the following disadvantages: namely, because the contact surface area between the electric brush and the commutator is large, great sliding friction exists, so that the electric brush is quickly abraded, the commutator is quickly abraded, and the service life, reliability and economy of the brush motor are seriously influenced; in addition, electric sparks exist between the electric brush and the commutator all the time when the motor runs, so that a large amount of electric energy is lost additionally, and the temperature of the motor is increased along with the generation of a large amount of heat, so that the efficiency of the brush motor is greatly reduced, and the application range of the brush motor is greatly limited.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a rolling reversing device, it can solve the contact surface area between brush and the commutator great, has very big sliding friction, leads to the brush wearing and tearing fast, and the commutator wearing and tearing are fast, has seriously influenced the problem in the life-span of brushed motor.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a rolling reversing device comprises a commutator and an electric brush which are used for connecting a rotor, wherein the electric brush comprises a first end face arranged on one side of the electric brush close to the commutator, the commutator comprises at least two second end faces arranged along the circumferential direction, the first end face and the second end faces are both in arc-shaped structures, and the first end face and the second end faces are mutually abutted to form rolling friction; the brush is used for being connected with the rotor through the commutator to form a closed circuit.

Preferably, the width of the first end surface in the circumferential direction is larger than the distance between any two adjacent second end surfaces in the circumferential direction.

Preferably, the brush comprises at least one brush body provided with a first end face, and the first end face of the brush body is abutted against the second end face of the commutator.

Preferably, the brush body is of a cylindrical structure.

Preferably, the commutator comprises a plurality of conductor rollers connected with the rotor and at least one roller retainer for fixing the conductor rollers, the roller retainer is of a cylindrical structure, the conductor rollers are arranged in the roller retainer along the circumferential direction, and the first end face of the electric brush is connected with the rotor through the second end faces of the conductor rollers.

Preferably, the conductor roller comprises a body provided with a second end face, the body is of a cylindrical structure, the rotor is connected with one end of the body, and the roller retainer is connected with the other end of the body.

Preferably, one end of the body, which is close to the rotor, protrudes towards the rotor to form a first contact body, the other end of the body, which is far away from the rotor, protrudes towards the direction of the body, which is far away from the rotor, to form a second contact body, the body is connected with the rotor through the first contact body, and the body is connected with the roller retainer through the second contact body.

Preferably, the commutator includes 2 roller retainers, which are respectively marked as a first roller retainer and a second roller retainer, the projections of the first roller retainer and the second roller retainer on the horizontal plane are completely overlapped, the conductor rollers are respectively arranged in the first roller retainer and the second roller retainer along the circumferential direction, and the conductor rollers in the first roller retainer and the conductor rollers in the second roller retainer are both connected with the brush.

Preferably, the conductor rollers adjacent to each other up and down are arranged in a step shape.

Preferably, the brush includes an upper brush body and a lower brush body separated from each other, projections of the upper brush body and the lower brush body on a horizontal plane are completely overlapped, the upper brush body is connected with the conductor rollers in the first roller retainer, and the lower brush body is connected with the conductor rollers in the second roller retainer

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that: preferably, both ends of the conductor roller protrude outwards to form tips which are respectively connected with the roller retainer and the rotor, so that the rolling friction force between the conductor roller and the electric brush is further reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a roll-to-roll apparatus according to a first embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the conductor roller according to the first embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-layer commutator described in the first embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the roll-to-roll apparatus according to the second embodiment.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the conductor roller according to the second embodiment.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a rolling direction-changing device according to a third embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a roll-to-roll apparatus according to a fourth embodiment.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a roll-to-roll apparatus according to a fifth embodiment.

In the figure: 1-a commutator; 11-a second end face; 12-a conductor roller; 121-body; 122-a first contact; 123-a second contact; 13-a roller cage; 2-an electric brush; 21-a first end face; 22-brush body.

Detailed Description

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are presented herein only to illustrate and explain the present invention, and not to limit the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

the utility model discloses in, the roll switching-over device is not limited to and is applied to in the motor, according to the reversible operation principle of motor, still can be applied to in the generator. The number of the brushes 2 can be increased according to the actual operation requirement, the material of the brushes 2 is not limited to graphite, but can also be made of metal materials or alloy materials with good conductive performance, such as copper, silver and the like, and the brushes 2 can be blocks or cylinders. The conductor roller 12 is made of a material having good electrical conductivity.

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1 to 3, in this embodiment, a rolling commutation device includes a commutator 1 and an electric brush 2 for connecting a rotor, where the electric brush 2 includes a first end face 21 disposed on a side of the electric brush 2 close to the commutator 1, the commutator 1 includes at least two second end faces 11 disposed along a circumferential direction, the first end face 21 and the second end faces 11 are both arc-shaped structures, preferably, the electric brush 2 may be a block or a cylinder having an arc-shaped end at one side, so that the first end face 21 and the second end face 11 are abutted against each other and form rolling friction, preferably, when centers of circles corresponding to the first end face 21 and the second end face 11 are located in a same direction, a positional relationship between the second end face 11 and the second end face 11 is inscribed, when centers of circles corresponding to the first end face 21 and the second end face 11 are located in opposite directions, the first end face 21 and the second end face 11 are circumscribed with each other in position relation.

As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the commutator 1 is composed of a roller holder 13 in a cylindrical structure and a plurality of conductor rollers 12 fixed in the roller holder 13, preferably, the conductor rollers 12 include a body 121 having a cylindrical structure and provided with a second end surface 11 (the second end surface 11 is an arc-shaped surface of the cylindrical structure), one end of the body 121 close to the rotor (i.e., one bottom surface of the cylindrical structure) protrudes toward the rotor to form a first contact 122 in a conical structure or a spherical structure, one end of the body 121 away from the rotor (i.e., the other bottom surface of the cylindrical structure) protrudes toward the rotor to form a second contact 123 in a conical structure or a spherical structure, as shown in fig. 2, the body 121 is connected to the rotor through the first contact 122, specifically, a tip of the first contact 122 is connected to the rotor, a bottom of the first contact 122 is connected to the body 121, the body 121 is connected with the roller holder 13 through a second contact 123, a tip of the second contact 123 is connected with the roller holder 13, a bottom end of the second contact 123 is connected with the body 121, and preferably, the roller holder further comprises an elastic element, the first contact 122 is connected with the rotor through the elastic element, so that the first contact 122 or the second contact 123 is prevented from being disconnected from the rotor due to serious abrasion in the use process.

Preferably, a part or a jig like a top may be directly provided between the body 121 of the conductor roller 12 and the roller holder 13, and between the body 121 of the conductor roller 12 and the rotor, and at least one tip may be provided to reduce friction between the body 121 of the conductor roller 12 and the roller holder 13, and between the body 121 of the conductor roller 12 and the rotor.

In this embodiment, when the rolling commutation device is in operation, the first end face 21 of the brush 22 of the brush 2 and the second end face 11 of the conductor roller 12 abut against each other, because the brush 2 and the conductor roller 12 are both made of conductors, a closed circuit can be formed between the brush 2 and the conductor roller 12, that is, the brush 2, the conductor roller 12 and the rotor are in the same closed circuit, according to the principle of "electromagnetic and magnetic generating", when current flows through the rotor, a magnetic field is generated, and under the action of the magnetic field of the stator, the rotor starts to rotate and drives the whole commutator 1 to rotate (revolve), at this time, the first end face 21 of the brush 22 of the brush 2 and the second end face 11 of the conductor roller 12 abut against each other, a certain friction force is generated, because the conductor roller 12 only contacts with the roller holder 13 and the elastic element through the tips at both ends, the contact surface between the tip and the roller holder 13 and the elastic element can be regarded as a very fine point, so that the friction force between the tip and the roller holder 13 and the elastic element can be ignored, so that under the action of the friction force of the first end surface 21 of the brush body 22 of the brush 2, the conductor roller 12 starts to rotate (rotating around the line between the two tips, at this time, the roller holder 13 and the elastic element can be regarded as acting as fixing action on the conductor roller 12), so that the friction force generated between the brush 2 and the conductor roller 12 is the rolling friction force, and the analysis is carried out according to the mechanical principle: the friction force is used for hindering the moving direction or moving trend of an object (the definition of the friction force), the moving direction (resultant force) of the rolling friction contact point is from the circle center to the contact point, the rolling friction direction can be determined to point to the circle center from the contact point, and the rolling friction has upward resistance which is much larger than the tangential direction according to the decomposition of the force, and the gravity of the object is offset by the resistance, so the rolling friction force is very small, in the embodiment, the rolling friction replaces the traditional sliding friction, the friction force generated when the electric brush 2 and the commutator 1 are relatively displaced can be reduced, the abrasion phenomenon is effectively avoided, and the rolling reversing device can more stably operate. Further, in order to reduce the rolling friction of the conductor rollers 12, the adjacent conductor rollers 12 are driven to keep a certain distance, so that the conductor rollers 12 are prevented from colliding with each other when rolling, and the rolling friction of the conductor rollers 12 is increased; meanwhile, when the rolling reversing device runs, the electric brush 2, the commutator 1 and the rotor are in the same closed circuit, so that current continuously flows in the rotor, so as to maintain the magnetic field of the rotor, thereby ensuring the rotor to continuously rotate under the action of the magnetic field of the stator, in the present embodiment, the width of the first end surface 21 of the brush 2 in the circumferential direction must be larger than the distance between any two adjacent second end surfaces 11 in the circumferential direction (i.e. the radian of the first end surface 21 is larger than the radian of the distance between any two adjacent second end surfaces 11), to ensure that the first end face 21 of the brush 2, when it is to be separated from the previous conductor roller 12, is already tangent to the next conductor roller 12, that is, when the brush 2 is located between the adjacent conductor rollers 12, the brush 2 is simultaneously connected with the adjacent conductor rollers 12 to ensure the closing of the electric circuit.

Preferably, the second end surface 11 of the conductor roller 12 is provided with a plurality of first gear teeth along the radian direction, the first end surface 21 of the electric brush 2 is provided with a plurality of second gear teeth matched with the first gear teeth along the radian direction, and the first gear teeth are meshed with the second gear teeth. When the rolling commutation device starts to operate, the first end face 21 generates friction with the first gear teeth of the second end face 11 through the second gear teeth, and since the contact surface between the tip of the conductor roller 12 and the roller holder 13 and the elastic element can be regarded as a very fine point, the friction between the tip and the roller holder 13 and the elastic element can be ignored, so that under the action of the friction force of the first end face 21 of the brush body 22 of the brush 2, the conductor roller 12 starts to rotate (rotate around the connecting line between the two tips, at this time, the roller holder 13 and the elastic element can be regarded as acting as fixing action on the conductor roller 12), so that the friction force generated between the brush 2 and the conductor roller 12 is rolling friction force, that is, the friction force generated between the first end face 21 and the second end face 11 is rolling friction force.

Further, as shown in fig. 3, the commutator 1 includes n roller retainers 13, where n is greater than 1 and is a positive integer, and is respectively denoted as a first roller retainer 13 and a second roller retainer 13.. an nth roller retainer 13, a lower end surface of the first roller retainer 13 is connected to an upper end surface of the second roller retainer 13, a lower end surface of the second roller retainer 13 is connected to an upper end surface of the third roller retainer 13, and so on, and the median lines of the first roller retainer 13 and the second roller retainer 13.. the nth roller retainer 13 are all overlapped, that is, projections of the first roller retainer 13 and the second roller retainer 13.. the nth roller retainer 13 on a horizontal plane are completely overlapped, and the brush body 22 of the brush 2 is long enough to be simultaneously abutted against the conductor rollers 12 on the same vertical plane, that is, the brush body 22 of the brush 2 can simultaneously contact the conductor rollers 12 on the first and

second roller retainers

13, 13. In this embodiment, the commutator 1 comprises a number of roller cages 13, which may be 2, respectively designated as first roller cage 13 and second roller cage 13, the lower end face of the first roller cage 13 is connected with the upper end face of the second roller cage 13, and the median lines of the first and

second roller retainers

13, 13 are overlapped with each other, the length of the brush body 22 of the brush 2 can simultaneously abut against the conductor rollers 12 on the same vertical plane on the first and second roller retainers 13, meanwhile, the width of the first end face 21 of the brush 2 in the circumferential direction is larger than the distance between any two left and right adjacent second end faces 11 of the first roller retainer 13 and/or the second roller retainer 13 in the circumferential direction, so that an open circuit between the brush 2 and the conductor roller 12 is avoided when the commutation device operates.

Further, when the commutator 1 includes the roller cage 13 in a number n, n is greater than 1 and is a positive integer, the upper and lower adjacent conductor rollers 12 may be arranged in a step-like manner, and in this embodiment, the commutator 1 may comprise roller cages 13 in an amount of 2, namely, the commutator 1 is a double-layer commutator 1, the electric brush 2 comprises an upper brush body and a lower brush body which are separated from each other, the median lines of the upper brush body and the lower brush body are superposed with each other, i.e. the projections of the upper and lower brush bodies on the horizontal plane coincide completely, said upper brush body being connected to the conductor rollers 12 in the first roller cage 13, the lower brush body is connected to the conductor rollers 12 in the second roller holder 13, and preferably, the width of the first end surface 21 of the brush body 22 of the brush 2 in the circumferential direction is larger than the distance between the second end surfaces 11 of any two adjacent conductor rollers 12 in the circumferential direction. When the rolling commutation device is in operation, the upper brush body is just away from the conductor rollers 12 in the first roller cage 13, and the lower brush body is just tangent to the conductor rollers 12 in the second roller cage 13, i.e. when the rolling commutation device is in operation, the brush 2 is always connected to the conductor rollers 12 of the commutator 1.

Example two:

in this embodiment, the conductor rollers 12 are disposed on the bottom surface of the roller cage 13, as shown in fig. 4 to 5, the roller cage 13 is a hollow cylinder structure, the bus bar (bus bar of the body) of the conductor rollers 12 is parallel to the diameter of the bottom surface of the roller cage 13, preferably, one end of the body 121 close to the intrados of the roller cage 13 (i.e. one bottom surface of the cylinder) protrudes in the direction of the intrados to form a first contact 122 in a cone structure or a sphere structure, one end of the body 121 close to the extrados of the roller cage 13 (i.e. the other bottom surface of the cylinder) protrudes in the direction of the extrados to form a second contact 123 in a cone structure or a sphere structure, as shown in the figure, the body 121 is connected with the intrados of the roller cage 13 through a first contact 122, specifically, the tip of the first contact 122 is connected with the intrados of the roller cage 13, the bottom end of the first contact 122 is connected to the body 121, the body 121 is connected to the extrados surface of the roller holder 13 through the second contact 123, the tip end of the second contact 123 is connected to the extrados surface of the roller holder 13, and the bottom end of the second contact 123 is connected to the body 121.

Example three:

as shown in fig. 6-8, in the present embodiment, a rolling commutation apparatus includes a commutator 1 and an electric brush 2 for connecting a rotor, where the electric brush 2 includes a first end face 21 disposed on a side of the commutator 1, the commutator 1 includes at least two second end faces 11 disposed along a circumferential direction, the first end face 21 and the second end face 11 are both arc-shaped structures, preferably, the electric brush 2 is a cylinder, the commutator 1 may be a structure formed by two separated arc faces along the circumferential direction, or a structure formed by a plurality of separated arc faces along the circumferential direction, according to the principle of "electromagnetic and magnetic generation", when a current flows through a rotor, a magnetic field is generated, and under the action of a magnetic field of a stator, the rotor starts to rotate and drives the whole commutator 1 to rotate (revolve), at this time, the first end face 21 of a brush body 22 of the electric brush 2 abuts against the second end face 11 of the arc face, the arc surface can also rotate along with the rotor, so that the electric brush 2 with the bearing cylinder structure is driven to perform reverse rotation movement, namely the electric brush 2 starts to roll under the action of the friction force of the arc surface, and the friction force between the electric brush 2 and the commutator 1 is rolling friction.

Further, a gap between any two adjacent arc surfaces in the commutator 1 is parallel to or coincides with a projection of the brush on a vertical plane, that is, a tail end of any one arc surface is on a same straight line perpendicular to a horizontal plane, as shown in fig. 4, a width of a first end surface 21 of the brush 2 in a circumferential direction is greater than a distance between any two adjacent second end surfaces 11 in the circumferential direction (that is, a diameter of a bottom surface of the brush 2 must be greater than a distance between any two adjacent arc surfaces), so as to ensure that the brush 2 and the commutator 1 are not separated from each other, that is, the brush 2 and the commutator 1 are not disconnected in a running of the rolling commutation device, preferably, the brush 2 is provided with two brush bodies 22, which are respectively marked as a left brush body and a right brush body, the left brush body and the right brush body are arranged on the second end surface 11 in parallel in the circumferential direction and both abut against the second end surface 11, meanwhile, the distance between the centers of the left brush body and the right brush body is larger than half of the distance between any two adjacent arc surfaces, so that the electric brush 2 and the commutator 1 cannot be separated from each other, namely the electric brush 2 and the commutator 1 cannot be disconnected.

Example four:

in the same way, the gap between any two adjacent arc surfaces in the commutator 1 may not completely coincide with the projection of the brush on the vertical plane (step arrangement), as shown in fig. 7, in this embodiment, the diameter of the bottom surface of the electric brush 2 can be directly set according to the actual requirement without other requirements, but the length of the brush 2 must be larger than the height of the gap between any two adjacent circular arc surfaces on the same vertical plane, thus ensuring that the electric brush 2 and the commutator 1 can not be separated from each other in the running process, namely the electric brush 2 and the commutator 1 can not be broken, so that the first end face 21 of the brush 2, when it is to be separated from the previous conductor roller 12, is already tangent to the next conductor roller 12, that is, when the brush 2 is located between the adjacent conductor rollers 12, the brush 2 is simultaneously connected with the adjacent conductor rollers 12 to ensure the closing of the electric circuit.

Example five:

in the same way, the gap between any two adjacent arc surfaces in the commutator 1 intersects with the projection of the brush on the vertical plane at one point, as shown in fig. 8.

Various other modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art based on the above-described technical solutions and concepts, and all such modifications and changes are intended to fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A roll-over apparatus characterized by: the commutator comprises a commutator and an electric brush which are used for connecting a rotor, wherein the electric brush comprises a first end surface arranged on one side of the electric brush close to the commutator, the commutator comprises at least two second end surfaces arranged along the circumferential direction, the first end surface and the second end surfaces are both in arc structures, and the first end surface and the second end surfaces are mutually abutted and form rolling friction; the brush is used for being connected with the rotor through the commutator to form a closed circuit.

2. A roll-to-roll apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the width of the first end face in the circumferential direction is larger than the distance between any two adjacent second end faces in the circumferential direction.

3. A roll-to-roll apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the electric brush comprises at least one brush body provided with a first end face, and the first end face of the brush body is mutually abutted with the second end face of the commutator.

4. A roll-to-roll apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the brush body is of a cylinder structure.

5. A roll-to-roll apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the commutator comprises a plurality of conductor rollers connected with the rotor and at least one roller retainer used for fixing the conductor rollers, wherein the roller retainer is of a cylinder structure, the conductor rollers are arranged in the roller retainer along the circumferential direction, and the first end face of the electric brush is connected with the rotor through the second end face of the conductor rollers.

6. Roll-to-roll apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the conductor roller comprises a body provided with a second end face, the body is of a cylinder structure, the rotor is connected with one end of the body, and the roller retainer is connected with the other end of the body.

7. Roll-to-roll apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein: one end of the body, close to the rotor, protrudes towards the rotor to form a first contact body, the other end of the body, far away from the rotor, protrudes towards the direction far away from the rotor to form a second contact body, the body is connected with the rotor through the first contact body, and the body is connected with the roller retainer through the second contact body.

8. Roll-to-roll apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the commutator comprises 2 roller retainers, the roller retainers are respectively marked as a first roller retainer and a second roller retainer, projections of the first roller retainer and the second roller retainer on a horizontal plane are completely overlapped, the conductor rollers are respectively arranged in the first roller retainer and the second roller retainer along the circumferential direction, and the conductor rollers in the first roller retainer and the conductor rollers in the second roller retainer are both connected with an electric brush.

9. A roll-to-roll apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein: any two adjacent conductor rollers are arranged in a ladder shape.

10. A roll-to-roll apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the electric brush comprises an upper brush body and a lower brush body which are separated from each other, the projections of the upper brush body and the lower brush body on the horizontal plane are completely overlapped, the upper brush body is connected with the conductor roller in the first roller retainer, and the lower brush body is connected with the conductor roller in the second roller retainer.