CN212485423U

CN212485423U - Battery with a battery cell

Info

Publication number: CN212485423U
Application number: CN202022073021.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许祎凡; 黄伟东; 娄豫皖; 张朋; 孟祎凡; 李紫璇
Original assignee: Shanghai Binei Information Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Suzhou Yuan'an Energy Technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2020-09-21
Filing date: 2020-09-21
Publication date: 2021-02-05
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-21

Abstract

The application relates to a battery, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. The battery comprises a metal shell, a multi-tab cylindrical winding core, a metal cylinder with a bottom, a positive electrode cover plate, a negative electrode cover plate, a positive electrode bus bar, a negative electrode bus bar, a heat conduction insulating sheet, a positive electrode insulating support and a negative electrode insulating support; the positive pole end of the multi-pole-lug cylindrical winding core is positioned at the bottom of the metal cylinder with the bottom, the other end of the multi-pole-lug cylindrical winding core is a negative pole, and the positive pole lug and the negative pole lug of the multi-pole-lug cylindrical winding core respectively extend out of two ends of the winding core; the positive pole lug of the multi-pole-lug cylindrical winding core penetrates through the through hole at the bottom of the metal cylinder with the bottom and is connected with the bottom of the metal cylinder with the bottom in a one-by-one welding mode; and a negative pole lug of the multi-lug cylindrical winding core penetrates through the negative pole insulation support and the through hole of the negative pole bus sheet and is connected with the negative pole bus sheet in a welding mode. The liquid injection difficulty of the battery can be obviously reduced, the production qualification rate and the production efficiency of the battery are improved, and the large-current charge and discharge capacity, the cycle life and the safety performance of the battery are improved.

Description

Battery with a battery cell

Technical Field

The application relates to a battery, and belongs to the technical field of batteries.

Background

In the fields of new energy vehicles, energy storage and the like, the demand for battery energy is increasing, and a plurality of small-capacity batteries are connected in parallel to form a large-capacity battery module or a plurality of small winding cores are connected in parallel inside a metal shell to form a large-capacity battery. But the high-capacity large-size lithium battery has the problems of complex production and processing technology, low yield, low production automation degree, poor battery consistency, easy expansion of the large surface of the battery during use, difficult heat dissipation, poor rate performance, short cycle life, poor safety and the like.

To this end, in CN102800895A patent, the positive and negative electrodes of a plurality of square multi-tab winding cores are respectively welded in parallel on positive and negative electrode bus bars, and then the positive and negative electrode bus bars are connected to the positive and negative electrodes to form a large-capacity square battery. The patent solves the structural problem that small-capacity square winding cores are connected in parallel to form a large-capacity square battery, but an effective method is not adopted in the patent to limit the expansion of a pole piece or the winding cores, the heat dissipation problem of a battery core is not considered, all lugs are gathered together, the heat productivity at the lug bundle is large during large-current charging and discharging, the temperature of the battery is increased, and the temperature distribution is uneven; in addition, all the tabs are welded together, and the tabs can press the diaphragm, so that the risks of short circuit and self-discharge of the battery are increased; in CN108321329A, CN105190935A and CN107078364A, there are problems of expansion and heat dissipation of parallel small capacity winding cores, but there is no consideration of current collection and heat generation at the tab bundle and extrusion of the separator.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the above problems, the present application proposes a battery.

The battery designed by the application comprises a metal shell, a multi-tab cylindrical winding core, a metal cylinder with a bottom, an anode cover plate, a cathode cover plate, an anode bus sheet, a cathode bus sheet, a heat-conducting insulating sheet, an anode insulating support and a cathode insulating support; the positive pole end of the multi-pole-lug cylindrical winding core is positioned at the bottom of the metal cylinder with the bottom, the other end of the multi-pole-lug cylindrical winding core is a negative pole, and the positive pole lug and the negative pole lug of the multi-pole-lug cylindrical winding core respectively extend out of two ends of the winding core; the positive pole lug of the multi-pole-lug cylindrical winding core penetrates through the through hole at the bottom of the metal cylinder with the bottom and is connected with the bottom of the metal cylinder with the bottom in a one-by-one welding mode; the positive end and the negative end of the multi-tab cylindrical winding core are respectively provided with a positive insulation support and a negative insulation support; the positive afflux sheet is connected with the bottom of the metal cylinder with the bottom in a one-by-one welding mode; the positive pole confluence piece is connected with the positive pole cover plate in a welding mode, and the edges of the positive pole cover plate and the metal shell are welded and sealed; a negative pole lug of the multi-lug cylindrical winding core penetrates through the negative pole insulation support and the through hole of the negative pole bus sheet and is connected with the negative pole bus sheet in a welding mode; the negative heat conducting insulation sheet is positioned between the negative bus bar sheet and the negative cover plate; the negative pole conflux piece is connected with the negative pole apron with welding mode, and the negative pole apron is sealed with metal casing welding at the edge.

This application the core is rolled up to many utmost point ear cylinder is formed by positive plate, diaphragm and negative pole piece coiling, and it all has a plurality of utmost point ears to roll up positive negative pole both ends, and equal more than or equal to 1 of positive negative pole utmost point ear quantity is more than, and utmost point ear quantity is unanimous with battery design water conservancy diversion ability mutually. In the manufacturing process of the pole piece, the pole lug can be welded on the current collector with the active substances removed; the width of the current collector in the non-coating area can be increased, and the current collector can be processed by laser cutting, die cutting and the like.

This application many utmost point ears cylinder core is become by the positive negative pole material of same electrochemistry system, and many utmost point ears cylinder core of rolling up can be lithium iron phosphate-graphite/silicon carbon/tin core, lithium manganate-graphite/silicon carbon/tin core, lithium nickelate-graphite/silicon carbon/tin core, lithium nickel manganese acid lithium-graphite/silicon carbon/tin core, lithium cobalt acid lithium-graphite/silicon carbon/tin core, lithium nickel cobalt manganese acid lithium-graphite/silicon carbon/tin core, lithium cobalt acid lithium-lithium titanate core, lithium manganese acid lithium nickel cobalt lithium-lithium titanate core, lithium iron phosphate-lithium titanate core of rolling up, lithium cobalt lithium manganese acid, Any one of electrochemical system materials such as nickel cobalt manganese lithium aluminate-lithium titanate roll core, super capacitor roll core, lithium sulfur roll core and the like.

This application many ears cylinder book core also can be combined by the many ears cylinder book core of different electrochemical material systems, can be for lithium manganate-graphite roll core and nickel cobalt lithium manganate-graphite roll core combination, the super capacitor of power type roll core and the lithium ion of the energy type of like positive electrode material roll core combination etc. and do not confine to above-mentioned combination.

It should be noted that, different battery systems are suitable for different types of metal materials, which belongs to the known technology in the industry, for example, lithium ion batteries adopt aluminum as the material of a metal housing and a metal cylinder, and the positive current collector of a winding core is aluminum foil, and the negative current collector is copper foil; for example, super capacitors and batteries using lithium titanate as a negative electrode material adopt aluminum as a material of a metal shell and a metal cylinder, and positive and negative current collectors of a roll core are aluminum foils; stainless steel or other corrosion resistant materials can also be used as the material of the metal shell and the metal cylinder.

This application take end metal drum center department to offer a through-hole, with the metal drum of packing into bottom the anodal core of multi-tab cylinder, anodal utmost point ear passes and takes end metal drum base through-hole backward to the outer lane turn-ups, and the anodal terminal surface of multi-tab cylinder core is supported and is leaned on taking end metal drum bottom, and the other end is the core negative pole of multi-tab cylinder core.

The metal shell is made of materials with small density, corrosion resistance, high heat conductivity coefficient, easiness in processing and welding, and can be in any required shape such as a triangle, a trapezoid, a square, an oval or a cylinder. A plurality of multi-tab cylindrical winding cores are arranged in the metal shell, and a plurality of positive tabs and positive converging sheets are welded with the bottom of the metal cylinder with the bottom; and welding a plurality of negative pole lugs and the negative pole afflux sheet to form a winding core group. A negative electrode insulation bracket is arranged between the negative electrode end of the multi-tab cylindrical winding core and the negative electrode bus sheet and is used for insulating and fixing the winding core; a negative heat conduction insulation sheet is filled between the negative bus bar and the negative cover plate and is used for heat conduction and insulation of the winding core; the positive and negative confluence pieces, the positive and negative insulation supports and the negative heat conduction insulation piece are all provided with a plurality of round holes, so that the battery liquid injection and the electrolyte flow are convenient; and insulating supports are adopted at the two ends of the anode and the cathode of the winding core and are used for supporting and fixing the bottom metal cylinder and the multi-lug cylindrical winding core.

The negative pole cover plate is provided with a positive pole column, a negative pole column, an explosion-proof valve and a liquid injection port; after the battery is filled with the electrolyte, the electrolyte filling opening needs to be cleaned and sealed.

The manufacturing method of the battery comprises the following steps:

(1) combining a plurality of metal cylinders with bottoms into a whole according to the shape of a metal shell;

(2) placing the multi-lug cylindrical winding cores into a metal cylinder with the bottom one by one, enabling the positive pole to face the bottom of the cylinder, and welding the positive pole lugs with the bottom of the metal cylinder with the bottom one by one after the positive pole lugs penetrate through holes in the bottom of the metal cylinder with the bottom;

(3) sequentially mounting a positive electrode insulating support and a positive electrode bus sheet at the positive electrode end of the multi-electrode-lug cylindrical winding core;

(4) welding the positive pole afflux sheet with the bottom of the metal cylinder with the bottom one by one through the through hole of the positive pole insulation bracket;

(5) sequentially mounting a negative electrode insulation support and a negative electrode bus bar at the negative electrode end of the multi-tab cylindrical winding core;

(6) a multi-pole-lug cylindrical roll core negative pole lug penetrates through the negative pole insulation support and the through hole of the negative pole bus piece and then is welded with the negative pole bus piece;

(7) welding the positive pole confluence sheet with a positive pole cover plate;

(8) placing the assembled roll core group into a metal shell, and welding and sealing the edge of the positive cover plate and the edge of the metal shell;

(9) filling a layer of negative heat conducting insulation sheet on the negative bus bar sheet;

(10) welding the negative electrode cover plate and the negative electrode bus bar;

(11) finally, welding and sealing the negative electrode cover plate and the metal shell at the edge;

(12) drying the water in the battery;

(13) battery electrolyte injection;

(14) pre-charging the battery;

(15) the liquid injection port is closed;

(16) and (5) formation of a battery.

The application has the following technical effects and advantages:

(1) a plurality of small-capacity multi-lug cylindrical winding cores are connected in parallel to form a large-capacity battery, and the capacity of the battery can be infinitely increased; compared with a large-capacity roll core, the consistency of the small-capacity cylindrical roll core is good, the required production equipment is simple, and the production qualification rate and the production efficiency of the large-capacity battery are greatly improved.

(2) The multiple positive electrode lugs of the cylindrical winding core are welded at the bottom of the metal cylinder with the bottom in a dispersing way, the multiple negative electrode lugs of the cylindrical winding core are welded on the negative electrode bus bar in a dispersing way, the output current of the positive electrode and the negative electrode is guided by the multiple lugs in a dispersing way, the heat productivity and the temperature rise of the battery at the electrode lugs can be obviously reduced, and the large-current charging and discharging capacity of the battery is improved.

(3) The cylindrical roll core is fixed by a metal cylinder with a bottom, so that the expansion of the positive and negative pole pieces and the roll core is inhibited; the positive pole lug and the positive pole bus bar are respectively welded at the bottom of the metal cylinder with the bottom, and then the positive pole bus bar is welded with the positive pole cover plate, so that heat generated by the positive pole end of the winding core can be quickly conducted to the outside of the battery. Welding negative pole utmost point ear and negative pole confluence piece, with negative pole confluence piece and negative pole apron welding, then pack the one deck heat conduction insulating piece between negative pole confluence piece and negative pole apron for the heat-conduction and the insulation of negative pole end are favorable to conducting the heat that core negative pole end produced to the battery outside fast. Meanwhile, when the battery needs to be heated, the anode end face and the cathode end face of the battery can be quickly conducted into the battery, and the heating rate of the battery is improved.

(4) The winding cores are connected in parallel and share one metal shell, sufficient residual space is reserved between metal cylinders with bottoms, operation space is provided for battery rich solution design, the liquid injection difficulty of the battery is reduced, and material conditions are provided for the long service life of the battery.

(5) The metal cylinder with the bottom is sleeved outside each winding core in the battery, so that the expansion of the electrode and the winding core is inhibited, good rigid protection is provided for the winding core, when a certain winding core in the battery is subjected to internal short circuit, the metal cylinder with the bottom can quickly conduct heat generated by the battery, and the thermal runaway of the battery is avoided; meanwhile, compared with a single-winding core battery, the common metal shell with sufficient residual space can reduce the rising rate of the internal pressure of the battery and improve the safety of the battery.

(6) All the winding cores share one positive and negative bus bar and the shell, so that the number of battery accessories is correspondingly reduced, and the cost of battery materials is reduced; each connecting piece can concentrate the welding on same mould, has reduced the battery operation quantity of processes such as battery sealing, leak hunting, formation, and production efficiency improves by a wide margin, has reduced manufacturing cost.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a battery of the present application.

Fig. 2 is the multi-tab cylindrical winding core schematic diagram of the application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the bottom weld of the positive electrode tab of the present application to a bottomed metal cylinder.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the bottom of the metal cylinder with bottom and the positive electrode bus bar of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a welding of a negative electrode tab and a negative electrode bus bar according to the present application.

Fig. 6(1) -6(5) are top views of various core arrangements of the present application, in which fig. 6(1) is a triangle combination, fig. 6(2) is a trapezoid combination, fig. 6(3) is a square combination, fig. 6(4) is a prism combination, and fig. 6(5) is a trapezoid combination of cores with different diameters.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of embodiments of the present application refers to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are intended to illustrate the present application but are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.

In the attached drawings, 1 is a negative electrode cover plate, 2 is a negative electrode heat-conducting insulating sheet, 3 is a negative electrode bus bar, 4 is a negative electrode insulating support, 5 is a metal cylinder with a bottom, 6 is a multi-lug cylindrical winding core, 7 is a metal shell, 8 is a positive electrode insulating support, 9 is a positive electrode bus bar, 10 is a positive electrode cover plate, 11 is a negative electrode lug, and 12 is a positive electrode lug.

As shown in fig. 1, the battery of the present application includes a metal casing 7, a multi-tab cylindrical winding core 6, a metal cylinder 5 with a bottom, a positive cover plate 10, a negative cover plate 1, a positive bus bar 9, a negative bus bar 3, a negative heat-conducting insulating sheet 2, a positive insulating support 8 and a negative insulating support 4. The multi-tab cylindrical winding core 6 is arranged in the metal cylinder 5 with the bottom, and the positive tab 12 of the multi-tab cylindrical winding core 6 is welded with the bottom of the metal cylinder 5 with the bottom; fixing a plurality of metal cylinders 5 with bottoms by using an anode insulating support 8, and welding an anode confluence sheet 9 with the bottoms of the metal cylinders 5 with bottoms one by one after passing through a through hole of the anode insulating support 8; and welding the positive pole confluence sheet 9 with a positive pole cover plate 10, and hermetically welding the positive pole cover plate 10 with the metal shell 7. A negative pole tab 11 of the multi-tab cylindrical winding core 6 penetrates through the negative pole insulation support 4 and the through hole of the negative pole bus piece 3, and then is welded with the negative pole bus piece 3; a negative heat-conducting insulation sheet 2 is filled between the negative bus bar 3 and the negative cover plate 1 and is used for heat conduction and insulation of the negative end of the battery; the negative pole afflux sheet 3 is welded with the negative pole cover plate 1, and the negative pole cover plate 1 is welded with the metal shell 7 in a sealing way.

Fig. 2 is the 6 schematic views of the multi-tab cylindrical roll core of this application, and a plurality of positive and negative electrode tabs in the multi-tab cylindrical roll core 6 are evenly distributed on one side of the eccentric inner ring of the roll core, so that the tabs can pass through the bottom through hole of the insulating support through hole, the metal cylinder 5 with the bottom and the prefabricated through hole of the negative electrode bus bar 3.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the bottom weld of the positive electrode tab 12 of the present application to the bottomed metal cylinder 5. The positive pole tab 12 of the multi-pole-tab cylindrical winding core 6 penetrates through the bottom through hole of the metal cylinder 5 with the bottom and then turns over the edge of the outer ring, and the positive pole tab is lodged at the bottom of the metal cylinder 5 with the bottom and is welded with the bottom of the metal cylinder 5 with the bottom in an end face mode.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the welding of the bottom of the metal cylinder with bottom 5 and the positive bus bar 9 of the present application. Fixing the positive ends of all metal cylinders 5 with bottoms by using a positive insulation support 8, then installing a positive converging sheet 9 on the positive insulation support 8, and welding the positive converging sheet 9 with the bottoms of the metal cylinders 5 with bottoms one by one through holes of the positive insulation support 8.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the welding between the negative electrode tab 11 of the multi-tab cylindrical winding core 6 and the negative electrode bus bar 3. And (3) a negative pole tab 11 of the multi-pole-tab cylindrical winding core 6 passes through the through holes of the negative pole insulation support 4 and the negative pole bus piece 3, then turns over the edge of the outer ring, and is welded with the negative pole bus piece 3.

Fig. 6(1) -6(5) are top views of various cell arrangements of the present application (triangular, trapezoidal, square, oval, cylindrical or square, etc.). The winding cores with different diameters and different electrochemical systems can be randomly combined into different structural shapes, and the requirements of various application occasions on special battery structural forms are met.

Example 1:

according to the method for manufacturing the battery, 6 lithium iron phosphate 5Ah positive electrode-graphite negative electrode winding cores (with the diameter of 26mm and the height of 73mm) are manufactured into a 3.2V30Ah battery by the processing method. The battery is 2I at 25 DEG C₁When the current is continuously discharged, the temperature difference between the center of the battery and the outer surface is less than or equal to 3 ℃; the maximum temperature rises of the positive pole column, the negative pole column and the outer surface of the battery are respectively 10 ℃, 9 ℃ or 8 ℃; the battery has 93 percent of the initial capacity after being cycled for 1000 times(ii) a The battery is not ignited, not exploded and not burnt when being pricked.

Example 2:

in the lithium battery capable of outputting large current, 5 6Ah lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide positive electrode-graphite negative electrode winding cores (with the diameter of 26mm and the height of 66mm) are manufactured into a 3.6V30Ah battery by the processing method. The battery is 2I at 25 DEG C₁When the current is continuously discharged, the temperature difference between the center of the battery and the outer surface is less than or equal to 3 ℃; the maximum temperature rises of the positive pole column, the negative pole column and the outer surface of the battery are respectively 9 ℃, 8 ℃ or 7 ℃; 91% of the initial capacity remains after the battery is cycled for 1000 times; the battery puncture test did not catch fire, explode, and burn.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery is characterized by comprising a metal shell, a multi-tab cylindrical winding core, a metal cylinder with a bottom, a positive cover plate, a negative cover plate, a positive bus bar, a negative bus bar, a heat-conducting insulating sheet, a positive insulating support and a negative insulating support; the positive pole end of the multi-pole-lug cylindrical winding core is positioned at the bottom of the metal cylinder with the bottom, the other end of the multi-pole-lug cylindrical winding core is a negative pole, and the positive pole lug and the negative pole lug of the multi-pole-lug cylindrical winding core respectively extend out of two ends of the winding core; the positive pole lug of the multi-pole-lug cylindrical winding core penetrates through the through hole at the bottom of the metal cylinder with the bottom and is connected with the bottom of the metal cylinder with the bottom in a one-by-one welding mode; the positive end and the negative end of the multi-tab cylindrical winding core are respectively provided with a positive insulation support and a negative insulation support; the positive afflux sheet is connected with the bottom of the metal cylinder with the bottom in a one-by-one welding mode; the positive pole confluence piece is connected with the positive pole cover plate in a welding mode, and the edges of the positive pole cover plate and the metal shell are welded and sealed; a negative pole lug of the multi-lug cylindrical winding core penetrates through the negative pole insulation support and the through hole of the negative pole bus sheet and is connected with the negative pole bus sheet in a welding mode; the negative heat conducting insulation sheet is positioned between the negative bus bar sheet and the negative cover plate; the negative pole conflux piece is connected with the negative pole apron with welding mode, and the negative pole apron is sealed with metal casing welding at the edge.

2. The battery of claim 1, wherein the number of the positive electrode tabs and the negative electrode tabs in the multi-tab cylindrical winding core is more than or equal to 1, and the number of the tabs is consistent with the designed flow conductivity of the battery; and welding the lug on the current collector with the active substances removed, or increasing the width of the current collector in the non-coating area, and processing the current collector by laser cutting or die cutting.

3. The battery of claim 1, wherein the metal can is triangular, trapezoidal, square, oval, or cylindrical in shape.