CN212458454U

CN212458454U - A soil environment monitoring devices for flower cultivation

Info

Publication number: CN212458454U
Application number: CN202021469142.XU
Authority: CN
Inventors: 丁星宇; 张明明; 张晴轩; 刘鼎亮; 杨萌; 庄双双
Original assignee: Jinling Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Nanjing Jinkeyuan Technology Transfer Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-23
Filing date: 2020-07-23
Publication date: 2021-02-02
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-23

Abstract

The utility model discloses a soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation, which comprises a panel unit, a control unit and a sensor unit; the panel unit comprises a panel shell, a panel circuit board, a solar panel, a light intensity sensor, an air temperature and humidity sensor, a charging interface and a plurality of three-color LED indicator lamps; the illuminance sensor, the three-color LED indicator lamps, the air temperature and humidity sensor and the charging interface are all connected and arranged on the panel circuit board and are exposed out of the panel circuit board through corresponding through holes or openings; the control unit comprises a control cabin, a control circuit board and a battery; the battery is connected with the control circuit board; the panel circuit board and the solar panel are both connected with the control circuit board; the sensor unit comprises a sensor bin, a sensor circuit board, four soil humidity detection contacts and two soil temperature sensors; four soil moisture detect contact and two soil temperature sensor all connect the setting on the sensor circuit board. The utility model has the advantages of structure scientific and reasonable, monitoring are comprehensive.

Description

A soil environment monitoring devices for flower cultivation

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the breed field relates to a soil monitoring devices, especially relates to a soil environment monitoring devices for flower cultivation.

Background

The household cultivated flowers can beautify the room environment, purify the room air, create the working and living environment with natural interest, and particularly, some rare flowers and trees and bonsais have special significance and higher economic value and are deeply loved by people. However, different flowers have different requirements on the growth environment, so that people are difficult to accurately grasp the habit of each plant, and the problems of root rot, poor growth and the like often occur. The soil humidity sensor commonly used at present detects soil humidity to assist flower cultivation, but needs to go to the flower cultivation department at any time for inspection, and a great deal of changes exist. And the detected environmental parameters are relatively single, and the requirements of flower culture cannot be met.

The intelligent remote monitoring of family flower culture environment can be realized by combining the Internet of things and the household intelligent technology, the changes of soil temperature and humidity, air temperature and humidity and illumination intensity of the flower growth environment are detected in real time, and the changes are transmitted to terminals such as mobile phone APP through wireless communication modes such as WiFi. The mobile phone APP can be internally provided with various environment parameter indexes for flower growth, corresponding breeding suggestions are given through comparison with actual growth environment parameters of flowers, and an optimum growth environment is provided for plant growth.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation to overcome prior art's defect.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation has such characteristic: comprises a panel unit, a control unit and a sensor unit; the panel unit comprises a panel shell, a panel circuit board, a solar panel, a light intensity sensor, an air temperature and humidity sensor, a charging interface and a plurality of three-color LED indicator lamps; the panel circuit board and the solar panel are both fixedly arranged in the panel shell; the illuminance sensor, the three-color LED indicator lamps, the air temperature and humidity sensor and the charging interface are all connected and arranged on the panel circuit board and are exposed out of the panel circuit board through corresponding through holes or openings; the control unit comprises a control cabin, a control circuit board and a battery; the control circuit board and the battery are fixedly arranged in the control bin, and the battery is connected with the control circuit board; the panel shell is fixed at the upper end of the control bin, and the panel circuit board and the solar panel are both connected with the control circuit board; the sensor unit comprises a sensor bin, a sensor circuit board, four soil humidity detection contacts and two soil temperature sensors; the sensor bin is a vertically arranged strip-shaped hollow bin body; the sensor circuit board is fixedly arranged in the sensor bin; the four soil humidity detection contacts and the two soil temperature sensors are connected and arranged on the sensor circuit board and are exposed out of the side face of the sensor bin through corresponding through holes or openings; the four soil humidity detection contacts are uniformly distributed from top to bottom in sequence, one soil temperature sensor is positioned between the two upper soil humidity detection contacts, and the other soil temperature sensor is positioned between the two lower soil humidity detection contacts; the control bin is fixed on the upper end of the sensor bin, and the control circuit board is connected with the sensor circuit board.

Further, the utility model provides a soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation can also have such characteristic: the panel shell comprises a main shell body, a toughened glass front cover and a panel rear cover; the main shell is provided with a rectangular frame and a panel bulge, the panel bulge is connected with the bottom of the rectangular frame and is hollow inside, the panel bulge is connected with the upper end of the control cabin and is inserted into the control cabin to be stuck and fixed with the control cabin, and the rectangular frame is inclined upwards by 30 degrees relative to the rear end of a horizontal plane; the rectangular frame is provided with a solar panel bin and a panel circuit board bin which are arranged in parallel, the opening of the solar panel bin is upward, the solar panel is fixed in the solar panel bin, the opening of the panel circuit board bin is downward, and the panel circuit board is fixed in the panel circuit board bin; a first panel wire arranging through hole is formed in the side wall between the solar panel bin and the panel circuit board bin, a second panel wire arranging through hole is formed in the bottom panel of the solar panel bin, and the solar panel bin and the control bin are communicated through hollow panel protruding connection; the panel circuit board is provided with a panel winding displacement interface, and a winding displacement of the panel circuit board is led out from the panel winding displacement interface and is connected with the control circuit board through a first panel winding displacement through hole and a second panel winding displacement through hole in sequence; the flat cable of the solar panel is connected with the control circuit board through the flat cable through hole of the second panel; the top panel of the panel circuit board bin is provided with a plurality of three-color LED indicator lamp through holes and a plurality of illumination sensor through holes, the number of the three-color LED indicator lamp through holes is equal to that of the three-color LED indicator lamps, the three-color LED indicator lamp through holes correspond to the three-color LED indicator lamps one by one, the three-color LED indicator lamps on the panel circuit board are respectively embedded in the corresponding three-color LED indicator lamp through holes, and the illumination sensor is embedded in the illumination sensor through; the toughened glass front cover is fixedly covered on the upper surface of the rectangular frame in a sealing manner; the fixed closing cap of panel back cover is on panel circuit board storehouse opening down, and the panel back cover has air temperature and humidity sensor through-hole and the interface bayonet socket that charges, and the air temperature and humidity sensor on the panel circuit board inlays in air temperature and humidity sensor through-hole, the contact of the interface that charges inlays in the interface bayonet socket that charges.

Further, the utility model provides a soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation can also have such characteristic: the control bin is a cavity with an open top end, an upper end surface inclined by 30 degrees and a lower end in a cuboid shape; the rectangular frame of the panel shell is fixedly positioned on the upper end surface of the control cabin; the bottom of the control bin is provided with a hollow control bin protrusion for connection, and the control bin protrusion is connected with the upper end of the sensor bin and is fixedly adhered with the sensor bin.

Further, the utility model provides a soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation can also have such characteristic: the battery lower screens are respectively fixed on two opposite side walls in the control bin, the battery upper screens are respectively fixed on two corresponding side walls in the panel protruding connection, the two battery lower screens are matched with the two battery upper screens, and the battery is fixed between the battery lower screens and the battery upper screens; four control circuit board mounting positions are fixed on the inner side wall of the control bin, self-tapping screw holes are formed in the control circuit board mounting positions, and the control circuit board is fixed on the corresponding control circuit board mounting positions through screws penetrating through four corners of the control circuit board.

Further, the utility model provides a soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation can also have such characteristic: the bottom panel of the control bin is provided with a control bin wire arranging through hole which is communicated with the sensor bin through the hollow control bin protrusion connection, and the wire arranging of the sensor circuit board is connected with the control circuit board through the control bin wire arranging through hole.

Further, the utility model provides a soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation can also have such characteristic: the control circuit board is provided with a WiFi module, a charging control circuit, a voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit, a main control chip, a storage chip and a panel which are connected with a cable port, and the sensor is connected with the cable port; the WiFi module is arranged along the side wall of the control cabin; the flat cable of the battery is connected with the charging control circuit and the voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit; the flat cable of the panel circuit board is connected with the flat cable port of the panel connection; the winding displacement of the sensor circuit board is connected with the port of the sensor connecting winding displacement.

Further, the utility model provides a soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation can also have such characteristic: the sensor bin is provided with a front bin body, a rear bin body and a conical plug; the front bin body is formed by connecting a front side plate with a left side plate and a right side plate, and the rear bin body is formed by a rear side plate and edges bent forwards at two sides of the rear side plate; the outer sides of the rear end surfaces of the left side plate and the right side plate of the front bin body are provided with front bin body gaps arranged along the vertical length direction of the front bin body, the front end surfaces of the two edges of the rear bin body are provided with rear bin body gaps arranged along the vertical length direction of the rear bin body, and the front bin body gaps and the rear bin body gaps are matched in a staggered mode and are adhered to form a main body of the sensor bin; the tip of the conical plug faces downwards, the upper end of the conical plug is provided with a plug bulge which is connected with the lower end of the main body inserted into the sensor bin and is fixedly adhered with the main body; the control cabin protrusion is connected with the upper end of the main body inserted into the sensor cabin and is fixedly adhered with the main body.

Further, the utility model provides a soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation can also have such characteristic: the sensor circuit board mounting positions are provided with self-tapping screw holes, and the sensor circuit board is fixed on the sensor circuit board mounting positions through penetrating screws.

Further, the utility model provides a soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation can also have such characteristic: the front side plate of the front bin body is provided with four humidity sensor contact mounting holes and two temperature sensor mounting holes which are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the four humidity sensor contacts and the two temperature sensors and are counter bores; the humidity sensor contacts are respectively sleeved with rubber sealing rings and are arranged in corresponding humidity sensor contact mounting holes, the rear section inserted into the front bin body is provided with external threads, and the humidity sensor contacts are fixed on a front side plate of the front bin body through nuts; the temperature sensor is composed of a hollow temperature sensor sleeve and a temperature-sensitive resistor fixed inside the hollow temperature sensor sleeve, the temperature sensor sleeve is respectively sleeved with a rubber sealing ring and is arranged in a corresponding temperature sensor mounting hole, the rear section inserted in the front bin body is provided with an external thread, and the temperature sensor sleeve is fixed on the front side plate of the front bin body through a nut.

Further, the utility model provides a soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation can also have such characteristic: the sensor circuit board is provided with three soil humidity signal acquisition and conditioning circuits, two soil temperature signal acquisition and conditioning circuits and a sensor wiring port. Three paths of soil humidity signal acquisition conditioning circuits correspond to three groups of adjacent humidity sensor contacts formed by four humidity sensor contacts one by one, and the two adjacent humidity sensor contacts are connected with the corresponding soil humidity signal acquisition conditioning circuits; the two soil temperature signal acquisition and conditioning circuits correspond to the two temperature sensors one by one, and the temperature sensors are connected with the corresponding soil temperature signal acquisition and conditioning circuits; the sensor flat cable port is positioned at the upper end of the sensor circuit board, and the flat cable of the sensor circuit board is led out from the sensor flat cable port and is connected with the control circuit board.

The beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:

one, this device can divide the multilayer collection with the humidity of flower culture soil, and the monitoring soil shallow layer, middle level and the change of deep humidity prevent the rotten root's that deep soil water content too big arouses the condition. The amount of watering can be selected according to the water content of the soil layer, the middle layer and the deep layer. The temperature conditions of the shallow layer and the deep layer of the soil can be monitored, and the over-high temperature of the shallow soil caused by sun exposure can be prevented.

The device can monitor the change of the illumination intensity of the flower culture environment and the change of the temperature and the humidity of air, and the flower culture environment can be comprehensively monitored.

The flower culture environment and the soil condition can be stored on the storage chip and periodically sent to the mobile phone application terminal, changes of the flower culture environment and the soil condition within a period of time can be observed through the mobile phone application, and objective basis is provided for adjusting the culture method.

And fourthly, the mobile phone of the device integrates parameters of the culture environment and the soil condition of various flowers, provides reasonable suggestions for scientifically culturing the flowers and is beneficial to improving the flower culture effect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a soil environment monitoring device in its entirety;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the soil environment monitoring device being fixedly connected by bonding;

FIG. 3a is a top view of a soil environment monitoring device panel unit;

FIG. 3b is a bottom view of a soil environment monitoring device panel unit;

FIGS. 4a and 4b are schematic views of different angles of the panel unit of the soil environment monitoring device;

FIGS. 5a and 5b are schematic views of the control unit of the soil environment monitoring device at different angles;

FIGS. 6a and 6b are schematic views of different angles of the control unit of the soil environment monitoring device;

FIG. 7a is a schematic diagram of a sensor unit of the soil environment monitoring device;

FIG. 7b is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sensor unit of the soil environment monitoring device;

FIG. 8 is a functional block diagram of a soil environment monitoring device circuit;

fig. 9 is a light intensity detection circuit diagram of the illuminance sensor;

FIG. 10 is an air temperature and humidity detection circuit diagram of the air temperature and humidity sensor;

FIG. 11 is a related circuit diagram of a three-color LED indicator light;

fig. 12 is a charge conversion circuit diagram;

FIG. 13 is a battery charging circuit diagram;

FIG. 14 is a diagram of an ultra low dropout three-terminal voltage regulator circuit;

FIG. 15 is a related circuit diagram of the main control chip;

FIG. 16 is a related circuit diagram of a WiFi module;

FIG. 17 is a circuit diagram of soil moisture signal acquisition conditioning;

FIG. 18 is a circuit diagram of soil temperature signal acquisition conditioning;

FIG. 19 is a flowchart of a soil environment monitoring device routine;

fig. 20 is a functional block diagram of a mobile phone application of the soil environment monitoring device.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

As shown in figures 1 and 2, the utility model provides a soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation, including panel unit 1, the control unit 2 and sensor unit 3.

As shown in fig. 2-4b, the panel unit 1 includes a panel housing, a panel circuit board 1-5, a solar panel 1-3, a light intensity sensor 1-12, an air temperature and humidity sensor 1-16, a charging interface 1-15, and a plurality of three-color LED indicators 1-13. Wherein, the light intensity sensor 1-12 is used for detecting the light intensity; the air temperature and humidity sensors 1-16 are used for detecting the temperature and the humidity of air; the three-color LED indicator lamps 1-13 are red, yellow and green three-color LED lamps; the charging interfaces 1-15 are magnetic-type waterproof charging interfaces and are used for connecting adapters and charging the lithium batteries 2-5. The panel circuit board 1-5 and the solar panel 1-3 are both fixedly arranged in the panel shell. The illuminance sensor 1-12, the three-color LED indicator lamps 1-13, the air temperature and humidity sensor 1-16 and the charging interface 1-15 are all connected and arranged on the panel circuit board 1-5 and exposed through corresponding through holes or openings.

As shown in fig. 5a-6b, the control unit 2 comprises a control cabin 2-1, a control circuit board 2-6 and a battery 2-5. Wherein, the control circuit boards 2-6 are the main control circuit boards of the device; the battery 2-5 is a lithium battery 2-5. The control circuit board 2-6 and the battery 2-5 are both fixedly arranged in the control bin 2-1, and the battery 2-5 is connected with the control circuit board 2-6.

As shown in fig. 7a and 7b, the sensor unit 3 includes a sensor cartridge, sensor circuit boards 3-5, four humidity detection contacts, and two temperature sensors. The sensor bin is a vertically arranged strip-shaped hollow bin body. The sensor circuit board 3-5 is fixedly arranged in the sensor bin. The four humidity detection contacts and the two temperature sensors are connected and arranged on the sensor circuit boards 3-5 and are exposed out of the side faces of the sensor cabin through corresponding through holes or openings. Four humidity detection contacts are from top to bottom distributed equidistantly in proper order, and a temperature sensor is located between two humidity detection contacts in the top, and another temperature sensor is located between two humidity detection contacts in the bottom.

The panel shell is fixed at the upper end of the control cabin 2-1, and the panel circuit board 1-5 and the solar panel 1-3 are connected with the control circuit board 2-6. The control bin 2-1 is fixed at the upper end of the sensor bin, and the control circuit board 2-6 is connected with the sensor circuit board 3-5.

Specifically, in the panel unit 1, the panel shell includes a main housing, a tempered glass front cover 1-2, and a panel rear cover 1-4. The main housing has a rectangular frame 1-1 and a panel protruding connection 1-10 at its bottom. The panel protrusion connection 1-10 is hollow inside, the panel protrusion connection 1-10 is inserted into the upper end of the control cabin 2-1 and is fixedly adhered to the control cabin 2-1, and the rectangular frame 1-1 is inclined upwards by 30 degrees relative to the rear end of the horizontal plane.

The rectangular frame 1-1 is provided with a solar panel bin 1-6 and a panel circuit board bin 1-7 which are arranged in parallel, and the panel circuit board bin 1-7 is positioned at the rear side of the solar panel bin 1-6. The opening of the solar panel bin 1-6 is upward, and the solar panel 1-3 is fixed in the solar panel bin 1-6. The panel circuit board bin 1-7 is provided with a downward opening, and the panel circuit board 1-5 is fixed in the panel circuit board bin 1-7.

The side wall between the solar panel bin 1-6 and the panel circuit board bin 1-7 is provided with a first panel winding displacement through hole 1-191, the bottom panel of the solar panel bin 1-6 is provided with a second panel winding displacement through hole 1-192, and the solar panel winding displacement through hole is communicated with the control bin 2-1 through a hollow panel bulge connection 1-10. The panel circuit board 1-5 is provided with a panel flat cable interface 1-14 for connecting with the control circuit board 2-6 and providing electric energy and control signals, and the flat cable of the panel circuit board 1-5 is led out by the panel flat cable interface 1-14 and is connected with the control circuit board 2-6 through a first panel flat cable through hole 1-191 and a second panel flat cable through hole 1-192 in sequence. The flat cable of the solar panel 1-3 is connected with the control circuit board 2-6 through the flat cable through hole 1-192 of the second panel.

The top panel of the panel circuit board bin 1-7 is provided with a plurality of three-color LED indicator lamp through holes 1-9 and an illumination sensor through hole 1-8. The number of the three-color LED indicator light through holes 1-9 is equal to that of the three-color LED indicator lights 1-13, and the three-color LED indicator lights correspond to one another. A plurality of three-color LED indicator lamps 1-13 on the panel circuit board 1-5 are respectively embedded in corresponding three-color LED indicator lamp through holes 1-9, and a illuminance sensor 1-12 is embedded in a illuminance sensor through hole 1-8. In this embodiment, the quantity of three colour LED pilot lamps 1-13 is six, instructs running state, illuminance, air humidity, air temperature, soil moisture and soil temperature respectively, and when the plant cultivation environment is not suitable for plant growth, accessible light colour change instructs.

The toughened glass front cover 1-2 is fixedly covered on the upper surface of the rectangular frame 1-1. The thickness of the toughened glass front cover 1-2 is 0.5mm, and the toughened glass front cover is fixed with the rectangular frame 1-1 in a bonding and fixing mode to protect the interior of the toughened glass front cover.

The panel rear cover 1-4 is fixedly sealed on the downward opening of the panel circuit board bin 1-7, the panel rear cover 1-4 is provided with a through hole 1-18 of an illuminance sensor and a bayonet 1-17 of a charging interface, an air temperature and humidity sensor 1-16 on the panel circuit board 1-5 is embedded in the through hole 1-18 of the illuminance sensor, and a contact of the charging interface 1-15 is embedded in the bayonet 1-17 of the charging interface.

In the control unit 2: the control bin 2-1 is a cavity with an open top end, an upper end surface inclined by 30 degrees and a lower end in a cuboid shape. The rectangular frame 1-1 of the panel shell is fixedly positioned on the upper end surface of the control cabin 2-1. The bottom of the control bin 2-1 is provided with a hollow control bin protrusion connection 2-2, and the control bin protrusion connection 2-2 is inserted into the upper end of the sensor bin and is fixedly adhered to the sensor bin.

Two opposite side walls in the control bin 2-1 are respectively fixed with a lower battery clamping position 2-4, two corresponding side walls in the panel protruding connection 1-10 are respectively fixed with an upper battery clamping position 1-11, the two lower battery clamping positions 2-4 are matched with the two upper battery clamping positions 1-11, and the battery 2-5 is fixed between the lower battery clamping position 2-4 and the upper battery clamping positions 1-11. Four control circuit board mounting positions 2-3 are fixed on the inner side wall of the control bin 2-1, self-tapping screw holes are formed in the control circuit board mounting positions 2-3, and the control circuit boards 2-6 are fixed on the corresponding control circuit board mounting positions 2-3 through screws penetrating through four corners of the control circuit boards. The bottom panel of the control bin 2-1 is provided with a control bin wire arrangement through hole which is communicated with the sensor bin through a hollow control bin bulge connection 2-2, and the wire arrangement of the sensor circuit board 3-5 is connected with the control circuit board 2-6 through the control bin wire arrangement through hole.

The control circuit board 2-6 is provided with a WiFi module 2-7, a charging control circuit 2-8, a voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit 2-9, a main control chip 2-10, a storage chip 2-11, a panel connecting bus bar port 2-12 and a sensor connecting bus bar port 2-13.

The WiFi module 2-7 is arranged close to the side wall of the control cabin 2-1 so as to reduce the interference of other devices on signals.

The flat cable of the battery 2-5 is connected with the charging control circuit 2-8 and the voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit 2-9.

The charging control circuit 2-8 adopts a mode of automatic switching between solar battery charging and adapter charging, and comprises a charging conversion circuit and a battery charging circuit, wherein the input is a solar panel or a power adapter, and the output is a lithium battery. When the adapter is connected, the adapter is preferentially used for charging. Solar charging is auxiliary, and when light is sufficient, the requirement can be met. When the light is insufficient and the time is long, the adapter needs to be charged and supplemented.

The voltage stabilizing power supply circuit 2-9 adopts an ultra-low voltage drop three-terminal voltage stabilizing circuit to drop 3.7V of the lithium battery into 3.3V, and the lithium battery is input to supply power to each chip or other circuit modules.

Specifically, the lithium battery is connected with the output of the battery charging circuit and the input of the voltage stabilizing circuit. Charging conversion circuit, battery charging circuit and voltage stabilizing circuit are prior art, have all utilized current product, do not belong to the utility model discloses a protection content.

STM32f103rct6 is adopted by the main control chips 2-10, and 24C02 is adopted by the memory chips 2-11.

The flat cable of the panel circuit board 1-5 is connected with the flat cable port 2-12 of the panel connection. The flat cable of the sensor circuit board 3-5 is connected with the sensor connecting flat cable port 2-13.

In the sensor unit 3: the sensor bin is provided with a front bin body 3-1, a rear bin body 3-2 and a conical plug 3-3. The front bin body 3-1 is formed by connecting a front side plate with a left side plate and a right side plate, and the rear bin body 3-2 is formed by a rear side plate and edges bent forwards at two sides of the rear side plate. The outer sides of the rear end surfaces of the left side plate and the right side plate of the front bin body 3-1 are provided with front bin body gaps 3-38 arranged along the vertical length direction of the front bin body, the front end surfaces of the two edges of the rear bin body 3-2 are provided with rear bin body gaps 3-39 arranged along the vertical length direction of the rear bin body, and the front bin body gaps 3-38 and the rear bin body gaps 3-39 are matched in a staggered mode and are bonded to form a main body of the sensor bin. The tip of the conical plug 3-3 faces downwards, the upper end of the conical plug is provided with a plug protruding connection 3-4, and the plug protruding connection 3-4 is inserted into the lower end of the main body of the sensor bin and is fixedly adhered to the main body. The control bin protrusion connection 2-2 is inserted into the upper end of the main body of the sensor bin and is fixedly adhered with the main body.

Wherein, a left side plate and a right side plate in the front bin body 3-1 are respectively provided with a plurality of sensor circuit board mounting positions 3-37, the sensor circuit board mounting positions 3-37 are provided with self-tapping screw holes, and the sensor circuit board 3-5 is fixed on the sensor circuit board mounting positions 3-37 through penetrating screws.

Four humidity sensor contact mounting holes 3-20, 3-21, 3-22 and 3-23 and two temperature sensor mounting holes 3-24 and 3-25 are formed in the front side plate of the front bin body 3-1, correspond to the four humidity sensor contacts 3-6, 3-7, 3-8 and 3-9 and the two temperature sensors 3-10 and 3-11 one by one respectively, are counter bores and are used for mounting sealing rings.

The humidity sensor contacts 3-6, 3-7, 3-8 and 3-9 are made of stainless steel materials, are respectively sleeved with rubber seal rings 3-12, 3-13, 3-14 and 3-15 and are arranged in corresponding humidity sensor contact mounting holes 3-20, 3-21, 3-22 and 3-23, the rear section inserted into the front cabin body 3-1 is provided with external threads, and the rear section is fixed on the front side plate of the front cabin body 3-1 through nuts 3-26, 3-27, 3-28 and 3-29. The adjacent humidity sensor contacts are selected to measure the resistance change of the corresponding soil layer caused by different water contents so as to determine the soil humidity.

The temperature sensors 3-10 and 3-11 are composed of hollow temperature sensor sleeves and temperature sensitive resistors 3-18 and 3-19 fixed in the hollow temperature sensor sleeves, the temperature sensor sleeves are made of stainless steel materials, rubber sealing rings 3-16 and 3-17 are respectively sleeved on the temperature sensor sleeves and are arranged in corresponding temperature sensor mounting holes 3-24 and 3-25, the rear section inserted into the front cabin body 3-1 is provided with external threads, and the temperature sensor sleeves are fixed on a front side plate of the front cabin body 3-1 through nuts 3-30 and 3-31. The temperature sensitive resistor can measure the change of the soil temperature at different depths.

Wherein, three soil humidity signal acquisition and conditioning circuits 3-33, 3-34 and 3-35, two soil temperature signal acquisition and conditioning circuits 3-36 and 3-37 and a sensor cable port 3-32 are arranged on the sensor circuit board 3-5.

Three soil humidity signal acquisition conditioning circuits 3-33, 3-34 and 3-35 are in one-to-one correspondence with three groups of adjacent humidity sensor contacts formed by four humidity sensor contacts 3-6, 3-7, 3-8 and 3-9, and the two adjacent humidity sensor contacts are connected with the corresponding soil humidity signal acquisition conditioning circuit. Specifically, the input of each soil humidity signal acquisition circuit is adjacent soil humidity contacts, and the resistance change of soil between the two contacts can be measured, namely the soil humidity signal acquisition circuits 3-33 use humidity sensor contacts 3-6 and 3-7; the soil humidity signal acquisition circuit 3-34 uses humidity sensor contacts 3-7 and 3-8; the soil humidity signal acquisition circuit 3-35 uses the humidity sensor contacts 3-8, 3-9.

The two soil temperature signal acquisition and conditioning circuits 3-36 and 3-37 correspond to the two temperature sensors 3-10 and 3-11 one by one, and the temperature sensors are connected with the corresponding soil temperature signal acquisition and conditioning circuits. Specifically, the soil temperature signal corresponding to two ends of the temperature-sensitive resistor of the temperature sensor is input into the conditioning circuit.

Soil moisture signal acquisition conditioning circuit and soil temperature signal acquisition conditioning circuit are prior art, have all utilized current product, do not belong to the utility model discloses a protection content.

The sensor flat cable ports 3-32 are positioned at the upper ends of the sensor circuit boards 3-5 and used for supplying power and transmitting signals to the sensor circuits, and the flat cables of the sensor circuit boards 3-5 are led out from the sensor flat cable ports 3-32 and connected with the control circuit boards 2-6.

The length of the sensor bin and the distance between the contacts of the humidity sensor can be set according to the depth of the cultivation flowerpot.

The panel shell, the control bin 2-1 and the sensor bin are all made of waterproof plastic materials.

As shown in fig. 8, the circuit function structure of the device includes an information display module, a sensor information module, a WiFi data communication module, a storage module, a charging power supply module, a main control chip, and the like. The information display module consists of RGB LED lamps and respectively displays system running state display, illuminance display, air temperature display, air humidity display, soil temperature display, soil humidity display and the like; the sensor information module comprises illuminance detection, air temperature and humidity detection, soil shallow layer, middle layer and deep layer humidity sensors and corresponding signal conditioning circuits, and soil shallow layer and deep layer temperature sensors and corresponding signal conditioning circuits. The charging power supply module comprises a solar panel and a magnetic type power adapter, the magnetic type power adapter provides a 5V power supply, the power adapter is charged through a charging conversion circuit, a lithium battery is charged through a charging circuit, the lithium battery is used as a power supply source of a circuit of the whole device, and the three-terminal voltage stabilizing circuit is used for providing 3.3V voltage through ultra-low voltage.

Specifically, in the panel unit: the light intensity detection circuit of the illuminance sensor is shown in fig. 9, the chip adopted by the light intensity detection of the device is a BH1750FVI, and the BH1750FVI is a digital light intensity sensor integrated chip. The interior of BH1750 comprises photodiode, operational amplifier, ADC collection, crystal oscillator, etc. The PD diode converts an input optical signal into an electric signal through a photovoltaic effect, the electric signal is amplified by the operational amplifier circuit, the voltage is collected by the ADC, and then the electric signal is converted into 16-bit binary number through the logic circuit and stored in an internal register. Clock lines and data lines are led out from the BH1750, the single chip microcomputer can be communicated with the BH1750 module through an I2C protocol, the working mode of the BH1750 can be selected, and illuminance data of a BH1750 register can also be extracted.

An air temperature and humidity detection circuit of the air temperature and humidity sensor is shown in fig. 10, the AHT15 sensor adopted by the device is used for detecting the temperature and the humidity in the air, and the AHT15 integrated temperature and humidity sensor can be conveniently replaced in application. The AHT15 uses a polytetrafluoroethylene film which has waterproof and dustproof performance and does not influence the RH signal response time in terms of protective performance, so that the sensor is allowed to be used in severe environmental conditions, the precision performance is ensured, and the AHT15 is the choice in more severe application conditions. AHT15 response is rapid, the anti-interference ability is strong, the humidity precision reaches +/-2% RH (25 ℃); the temperature accuracy is +/-0.3 ℃.

The relevant circuit of tristimulus LED pilot lamp is shown in FIG. 11, and this device contains six tristimulus LEDs, and the encapsulation of adoption is 0603, and it is bright to control which colour through the IO mouth of singlechip.

In the control unit: the charging control circuit comprises a charging conversion circuit and a battery charging circuit. The charging conversion circuit is shown in fig. 12, the charging mode adopted by the device has two types, the first type is charging for the solar cell panel, and the other type is charging for the power adapter, so that a circuit is required to be added on the device to charge the device by the solar cell panel when the adapter is not plugged, and the adapter power supply is used for charging when the adapter is plugged. VCC5V _ SUN is the solar energy input in the circuit, V + is the adapter input, +5V _ TP4056 uses pmos AO3401 as the switch tube for charging the input, when V + does not have the input, pmos switches on, solar energy can input the charge end, when V + has the input, pmos shuts off, the adapter power input is to the charge end, install SS34 diode additional in the circuit can prevent that the adapter power input is in the solar cell panel when A03401 does not totally shut off, burn out the panel.

As shown in fig. 13, the charging chip used in the battery charging circuit is TP4056, and TP4056 is a constant current/constant voltage linear charger for a single lithium ion battery. The SOP8 package with heat sink at the bottom and the small number of external components make TP4056 a desirable choice for portable applications. The TP4056 may be adapted to operate with USB power supplies and adapter power supplies. Because an internal PMOSFET architecture is adopted and a reverse charging prevention circuit is added, an external isolation diode is not needed. The thermal feedback allows for automatic adjustment of the charging current to limit the chip temperature under high power operation or high ambient temperature conditions. The charging voltage is fixed at 4.2V and the charging current can be set externally by a resistor. TP4056 will automatically terminate the charging cycle when the charging current drops to set point 1/10 after the final float voltage is reached. When the input voltage is removed, TP4056 automatically enters a low current state, reducing the battery leakage current to below 2 uA. TP4056 may also be placed in shutdown mode when power is available, reducing the supply current to 55 uA. Other features of the TP4056 include battery temperature detection, under-voltage lockout, automatic recharging, and two LED status pins to indicate charging, and termination. The circuit of the device adopts a cascading mode, so that the charging current can be switched between 1A and 2A, and two LED lamps are additionally arranged to display charging and charging completion.

The voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit adopts an ultra-low voltage drop three-terminal voltage stabilizing circuit, as shown in fig. 14, the battery adopted by the device is 3.7 volts, and the working voltage of a singlechip and other circuits mostly cannot exceed 3.6v, so that 3.7v needs to be changed into 3.3 v. The chip used by the device is ME6209, the chip is a CMOS step-down voltage stabilizer with high ripple rejection rate, low power consumption, low voltage difference and overcurrent and short-circuit protection, can provide 250MA output current under the condition of extremely small input and output voltage, is very suitable for the device, has less peripheral elements and is extremely convenient to use.

The related circuit of the main control chip is shown in fig. 15, the single chip used by the device is stm32f103rct6, which is an Integrated Circuit (IC) of an embedded microcontroller, the core size is 32 bits, the speed is 72MHz, the capacity of a program memory is 256KB, the type of the program memory is FLASH, and the capacity of the RAM is 48K. The singlechip interface resource that this device adopted is comparatively abundant, has three routes serial ports and multichannel spi, i2c, adc, and to the upgrading of equipment, the extension is all very convenient, only need increase the peripheral circuit that corresponds the interface can.

The relevant circuit of the WiFi module is shown in fig. 16, the WiFi module adopted by the device is an esp8266 module of the atomic point corporation, and the AT firmware of the module is brushed, so that the module can be operated by using an AT command, which is very convenient.

In the sensor unit: the soil humidity signal acquisition conditioning circuit is shown in fig. 17, the device comprises three soil humidity detection circuits, the humidity detection sensor adopts a resistance type sensor, namely resistance values at two ends of the sensor can change along with the change of humidity, and actually, the change of soil resistance is measured when the humidity changes. The detection mode adopted by the circuit is that the sensor is connected with a 10K resistor in series and is connected between 3.3V and GND, the resistors at two ends of the sensor are read through the single chip microcomputer, and because the resistance values at two ends of the humidity sensor are smaller, the divided voltages are smaller, an amplifying circuit consisting of LM324 is additionally arranged at two ends of the sensor, and the resistor at the feedback end is an adjustable resistor, so that the amplification factor of the amplifying circuit is adjustable. A first-order low-pass filter is added at the output end of the amplifying circuit, so that the output is more stable.

The soil temperature signal acquisition conditioning circuit is shown in fig. 18, the device comprises two temperature detection circuits, and the temperature detection sensor adopts an NTC negative temperature coefficient resistor, namely NTC-10K +/-1% 3950. The circuit adopts a mode that a negative temperature coefficient resistor is connected with a 10K resistor in series and is connected between 3.3v and gnd, and the current soil temperature can be calculated by reading the voltage at the two ends of the sensor through a singlechip and a formula. The circuit is additionally provided with first-order low-pass filtering, so that the output is more stable, and a voltage follower consisting of LM358 is additionally arranged before adc sampling, so that signals are isolated from the single chip microcomputer, and the single chip microcomputer is prevented from being burnt out.

This device can realize that the temperature and the humidity condition of layering collection monitoring soil combine cell-phone application, or load some current programs on the chip, can further realize intelligent management, for example:

the program work flow of the device is as follows: as shown in fig. 19 and 20, after the system is powered on, the system is initialized first, and 2 timer interrupts for reading data and transmitting data, and 1 communication interrupt for WiFi receiving data are configured. And then reading the system configuration file, and acquiring the parameters of the current cultured flowers, the time interval for reading the data and sending the data and other information. The system then enters a low power standby function, waiting for an interrupt to occur. When the timer for reading data is interrupted, the program can read parameters such as ambient illuminance, ambient temperature and humidity, 3-layer soil humidity, 2-layer soil temperature and the like in sequence, evaluate current data according to the parameters for cultivating flowers, update the display state of the RGB LED lamp, and finally store the data in the storage chip. When the timer for sending data is interrupted, the program firstly establishes WiFi communication with the mobile phone application, then reads the stored data, sends the data to the mobile phone application, and finally ends the WiFi communication state. Generally, the time interval for reading data is set to be within ten minutes to one hour, the time interval for transmitting data is set to be within several hours, and the time interval for reading data is smaller than the time interval for transmitting data. The communication interruption is mainly that the mobile phone application actively updates flower culture data or reconfigures system control files. When communication interruption occurs, the control instruction is read firstly, if the control instruction is a data updating instruction, the stored data is read and sent to the mobile phone application, and finally WiFi communication is ended. And if the control instruction is not the data updating instruction, reading the system configuration information, and updating the flower culture parameters, the data reading time, the data sending time and other information. Correspondingly, the functional module applied by the mobile phone of the device mainly comprises a WiFi data receiving module, a flower culture monitoring database, a flower culture parameter evaluation method, current flower culture data display, recent flower culture data curve display, flower culture parameter alarm, flower culture method issuing instructions, an instruction for updating flower culture data and configuring flower culture parameters, and a WiFi data sending module. The function of the mobile phone application is mainly established on the contrastive analysis of the flower culture monitoring data acquired at the front end and the flower culture parameter library, on the basis of the two data, a reasonable flower culture parameter evaluation method is adopted to evaluate the current flower culture environment, and if the flower culture environment is different from the data in the flower culture parameter library, an alarm and culture method guidance are given to help improve the flower growth environment. The mobile phone application can also display data of the current flower growth environment in real time and can also display parameter changes of the flower growth environment within a period of time.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a soil environment monitoring devices for flower cultivation which characterized in that:

comprises a panel unit, a control unit and a sensor unit;

the panel unit comprises a panel shell, a panel circuit board, a solar panel, a light illumination sensor, an air temperature and humidity sensor, a charging interface and a plurality of three-color LED indicator lamps;

the panel circuit board and the solar panel are both fixedly arranged in the panel shell;

the illuminance sensor, the three-color LED indicator lamps, the air temperature and humidity sensor and the charging interface are all connected and arranged on the panel circuit board and are exposed out of the panel circuit board through corresponding through holes or openings;

the control unit comprises a control cabin, a control circuit board and a battery;

the control circuit board and the battery are fixedly arranged in the control bin, and the battery is connected with the control circuit board;

the panel shell is fixed at the upper end of the control bin, and the panel circuit board and the solar panel are both connected with the control circuit board;

the sensor unit comprises a sensor bin, a sensor circuit board, four soil humidity detection contacts and two soil temperature sensors;

the sensor bin is a vertically arranged strip-shaped hollow bin body;

the sensor circuit board is fixedly arranged in the sensor bin;

the four soil humidity detection contacts and the two soil temperature sensors are connected and arranged on the sensor circuit board and are exposed out of the side face of the sensor bin through corresponding through holes or openings;

the four soil humidity detection contacts are uniformly distributed from top to bottom in sequence, one soil temperature sensor is positioned between the two upper soil humidity detection contacts, and the other soil temperature sensor is positioned between the two lower soil humidity detection contacts;

the control bin is fixed on the upper end of the sensor bin, and the control circuit board is connected with the sensor circuit board.

2. A soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

the panel shell comprises a main shell, a toughened glass front cover and a panel rear cover;

the main shell is provided with a rectangular frame and a panel bulge, the panel bulge is connected with the bottom of the rectangular frame and is hollow inside, the panel bulge is connected with and inserted into the upper end of the control cabin and is fixedly adhered with the control cabin, and the rectangular frame is inclined upwards by 30 degrees relative to the rear end of a horizontal plane;

the rectangular frame is provided with a solar panel bin and a panel circuit board bin which are arranged in parallel, the opening of the solar panel bin is upward, the solar panel is fixed in the solar panel bin, the opening of the panel circuit board bin is downward, and the panel circuit board is fixed in the panel circuit board bin;

a first panel wire arranging through hole is formed in the side wall between the solar panel bin and the panel circuit board bin, a second panel wire arranging through hole is formed in the bottom panel of the solar panel bin, and the solar panel bin and the control bin are communicated through hollow panel protruding connection;

the panel circuit board is provided with a panel winding displacement interface, and a winding displacement of the panel circuit board is led out from the panel winding displacement interface and is connected with the control circuit board through a first panel winding displacement through hole and a second panel winding displacement through hole in sequence;

the flat cable of the solar panel is connected with the control circuit board through the flat cable through hole of the second panel;

the top panel of the panel circuit board bin is provided with a plurality of three-color LED indicator lamp through holes and a plurality of illumination sensor through holes, the number of the three-color LED indicator lamp through holes is equal to that of the three-color LED indicator lamps, the three-color LED indicator lamp through holes correspond to the three-color LED indicator lamps one by one, the three-color LED indicator lamps on the panel circuit board are respectively embedded in the corresponding three-color LED indicator lamp through holes, and the illumination sensor is embedded in the illumination sensor through;

the toughened glass front cover is fixedly covered on the upper surface of the rectangular frame in a sealing manner;

the fixed closing cap of panel back cover is on panel circuit board storehouse opening down, and the panel back cover has air temperature and humidity sensor through-hole and the interface bayonet socket that charges, and the air temperature and humidity sensor on the panel circuit board inlays in air temperature and humidity sensor through-hole, the contact of the interface that charges inlays in the interface bayonet socket that charges.

3. A soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation as claimed in claim 2, wherein:

the control bin is a cavity with an open top end, an upper end surface inclined by 30 degrees and a lower end in a cuboid shape;

the rectangular frame of the panel shell is fixedly positioned on the upper end surface of the control cabin;

the bottom of the control bin is provided with a hollow control bin protrusion for connection, and the control bin protrusion is connected with the upper end of the sensor bin and is fixedly adhered with the sensor bin.

4. A soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation as claimed in claim 3, wherein:

the battery lower screens are respectively fixed on two opposite side walls in the control bin, the battery upper screens are respectively fixed on two corresponding side walls in the panel protruding connection, the two battery lower screens are matched with the two battery upper screens, and the battery is fixed between the battery lower screens and the battery upper screens;

four control circuit board mounting positions are fixed on the inner side wall of the control bin, self-tapping screw holes are formed in the control circuit board mounting positions, and the control circuit board is fixed on the corresponding control circuit board mounting positions through screws penetrating through four corners of the control circuit board.

5. A soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation as claimed in claim 3, wherein:

the bottom panel of the control bin is provided with a control bin wire arranging through hole which is communicated with the sensor bin through hollow control bin protrusion connection, and the wire arranging of the sensor circuit board is connected with the control circuit board through the control bin wire arranging through hole.

6. A soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

the control circuit board is provided with a WiFi module, a charging control circuit, a voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit, a main control chip, a storage chip and a panel which are connected with a cable port, and the sensor is connected with the cable port;

the WiFi module is arranged close to the side wall of the control cabin;

the flat cable of the battery is connected with the charging control circuit and the voltage-stabilizing power supply circuit;

the flat cable of the panel circuit board is connected with a flat cable port connected with the panel;

the winding displacement of sensor circuit board links to each other with sensor connection winding displacement port.

7. A soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation as claimed in claim 3, wherein:

the sensor bin is provided with a front bin body, a rear bin body and a conical plug;

the front bin body is formed by connecting a front side plate with a left side plate and a right side plate, and the rear bin body is formed by a rear side plate and edges bent forwards at two sides of the rear side plate;

the outer sides of the rear end surfaces of the left side plate and the right side plate of the front bin body are provided with front bin body gaps arranged along the vertical length direction of the front bin body, the front end surfaces of the two edges of the rear bin body are provided with rear bin body gaps arranged along the vertical length direction of the rear bin body, and the front bin body gaps and the rear bin body gaps are matched in a staggered mode and are adhered to form a main body of the sensor bin;

the tip of the conical plug faces downwards, the upper end of the conical plug is provided with a plug bulge which is connected with the lower end of the main body inserted into the sensor bin and is fixedly adhered with the main body;

the control cabin protrusion is connected with the upper end of the main body inserted into the sensor cabin and is fixedly adhered with the main body.

8. A soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation as claimed in claim 7, wherein:

the front bin is characterized in that a plurality of sensor circuit board mounting positions are respectively arranged on left and right side plates in the front bin body, self-tapping screw holes are formed in the sensor circuit board mounting positions, and the sensor circuit board is fixed on the sensor circuit board mounting positions through penetrating screws.

9. A soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation as claimed in claim 8, wherein:

four humidity sensor contact mounting holes and two temperature sensor mounting holes are formed in the front side plate of the front bin body, correspond to the four humidity sensor contacts and the two temperature sensors one to one respectively and are counter bores;

the humidity sensor contacts are respectively sleeved with rubber sealing rings and are arranged in corresponding humidity sensor contact mounting holes, the rear section inserted into the front bin body is provided with external threads, and the humidity sensor contacts are fixed on a front side plate of the front bin body through nuts;

the temperature sensor is composed of a hollow temperature sensor sleeve and a temperature-sensitive resistor fixed inside the hollow temperature sensor sleeve, the temperature sensor sleeve is respectively sleeved with a rubber sealing ring and is arranged in a corresponding temperature sensor mounting hole, the rear section inserted in the front bin body is provided with an external thread, and the temperature sensor sleeve is fixed on the front side plate of the front bin body through a nut.

10. A soil environment monitoring device for flower cultivation as claimed in claim 1, wherein:

the sensor circuit board is provided with three soil humidity signal acquisition and conditioning circuits, two soil temperature signal acquisition and conditioning circuits and a sensor wiring port;

three paths of soil humidity signal acquisition conditioning circuits correspond to three groups of adjacent humidity sensor contacts formed by four humidity sensor contacts one by one, and the two adjacent humidity sensor contacts are connected with the corresponding soil humidity signal acquisition conditioning circuits;

the two soil temperature signal acquisition and conditioning circuits correspond to the two temperature sensors one by one, and the temperature sensors are connected with the corresponding soil temperature signal acquisition and conditioning circuits;

the sensor flat cable port is positioned at the upper end of the sensor circuit board, and the flat cable of the sensor circuit board is led out from the sensor flat cable port and is connected with the control circuit board.