CN212455298U - Fractal gradient cap-shaped composite structure - Google Patents
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- CN212455298U CN212455298U CN202020602481.4U CN202020602481U CN212455298U CN 212455298 U CN212455298 U CN 212455298U CN 202020602481 U CN202020602481 U CN 202020602481U CN 212455298 U CN212455298 U CN 212455298U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a fractal formula gradient cap shape composite construction, include: a planar region, a transition region and a fractal region; the crown of the plane area is a flat plane; the transition area is connected between the planar area and the fractal area, so that the continuous transition of the crown of the planar area and the crown of the fractal area on the geometric configuration is realized; the cap top of the fractal region is a fractal structure with a gradually-slowed wave-shaped geometric shape from outside to inside; the planar area, the transition area and the fractal area are respectively made of framework type composite sandwich structural plates, and each framework type composite sandwich structural plate consists of an inner flat plate, an outer flat plate and a middle framework interlayer; the cap-shaped surrounding space surrounded by the plane area, the transition area and the fractal area is respectively filled with a fan-shaped honeycomb structure; the fan-shaped honeycomb structure is composed of fan-shaped honeycomb units. The composite structure can improve multiple collision resistance of the hat-shaped beam and improve safety guarantee of passengers to the maximum extent.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a vehicle lightweight's protection, energy-absorbing field are fractal formula gradient cap shape composite construction.
Background
In recent years, the transportation industry is gradually approaching to the development trend of diversification and high speed, the safety guarantee work of personnel is increasingly heavy, and the safety protection problem caused by high speed is increasingly prominent. Secondly, the safety protection problem is mainly divided into active protection and passive protection, and the passive protection is very important when the sensitivity of the active protection is reduced and even the active protection is invalid. Therefore, the protection effect of the current transportation product is greatly improved due to the requirement of more stable and efficient structural design.
At present, a hat-shaped structure is widely applied to a front longitudinal beam and a B column of a vehicle, so that more energy can be absorbed and smaller peak impact force is provided in a collision process, and the safety of passengers is practically guaranteed.
The fractal structure can enable the structure to have more excellent performance, the mechanical property of the structural material can be improved through smaller structural change and material loss, and the space structure can be more fully utilized by further filling the inside of the hat shape. The sandwich composite structure can further realize light weight, less material loss and less power loss of the material on the basis of the original performance.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the main technical problem that a novel gradient cap shape composite construction based on fractal formula design is provided, through to the dull and stereotyped cap shape of overall structure many times bend the fractal, to inner structure's skeleton formula composite design and at the inside honeycomb fan type structure of filling of cap shape, make it have better deformation mode, lower quality, further improve the multiple resistant performance of hitting of cap-shaped beam, maximum improvement passenger's safety guarantee.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a fractal type gradient hat shape composite construction, include: a planar region, a transition region and a fractal region;
the crown of the plane area is a flat plane; the transition area is connected between the planar area and the fractal area, so that the continuous transition of the crown of the planar area and the crown of the fractal area on the geometric configuration is realized;
the cap top of the fractal region is a fractal structure with a gradually-slowed wave-shaped geometric shape from outside to inside;
the planar area, the transition area and the fractal area are respectively made of framework type composite sandwich structural plates, and each framework type composite sandwich structural plate consists of an inner flat plate, an outer flat plate and a middle framework interlayer; the cap-shaped surrounding space surrounded by the plane area, the transition area and the fractal area is respectively filled with a fan-shaped honeycomb structure; the fan-shaped honeycomb structure is composed of fan-shaped honeycomb units.
In a preferred embodiment: the tapered wave geometry is reduced to 1/2 cycles per cycle and to 1/2 cycles of the previous cycle.
In a preferred embodiment: a curve and two fillets connected to two ends of the curve are arranged in the cross section of each period; the radius of a fillet of the first period is R, and the length of a straight line of the curve is i; the fillet radius of the second period is 1/2R, and the straight line length of the curve is 1/2 i; the fillet radius of the second period is 1/4R, and the straight line length of the curve is 1/4 i; and analogizing until the gradually-slowed wave-shaped geometric shape is superposed with the central axis.
In a preferred embodiment: the inner flat plate and the outer flat plate comprise plane parts and framework parts, wherein the plane parts are arranged towards the framework interlayer; the plane part is formed by weaving multiple materials in a mixed mode, the skeleton part comprises a plurality of skeletons arranged in an array mode, and the top point of the bottom face of each skeleton is embedded into the plane part.
In a preferred embodiment: the framework interlayer is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, and the upper layer and the lower layer are symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the composite sandwich structure plate; the upper layer and the lower layer respectively comprise a plurality of skeletons arranged in an array.
In a preferred embodiment: the framework comprises a dovetail-shaped piece, two first triangular pieces and two second triangular pieces; the dovetail-shaped piece is the bottom surface of the framework;
one side of the first triangular piece is connected with the long side of the dovetail-shaped piece, and the other side of the first triangular piece is connected with the same side of the other first triangular piece;
one side of the second triangular piece is connected with the short side of the dovetail-shaped piece, and the other side of the second triangular piece is connected with the same side of the other second triangular piece.
In a preferred embodiment: the inner plate and the outer plate are arranged in the same direction; the framework on the upper layer is respectively arranged in a reverse direction with the framework on the outer plate, the framework on the lower layer and the framework on the inner plate.
In a preferred embodiment: the frameworks of the inner plate and the outer plate are arranged in a reverse direction; the upper layer of framework is embedded into the gap between the frameworks of the outer plates, and the lower layer of framework is embedded into the framework of the inner plate.
In a preferred embodiment: the fan-shaped honeycomb structure is formed by staggering a plurality of fan-shaped honeycomb units;
the fan-shaped honeycomb units are of cone-like structures with hexagonal top surfaces and linear tail ends, namely the top surfaces are reduced from hexagons to straight lines from top to bottom, and the side walls are of triangular structures with gradually reduced sizes;
the lower end of the side face is provided with a bayonet which is used for being connected with the fan-shaped honeycomb unit on the lower layer; the side wall is provided with a hollowed-out opening.
In a preferred embodiment: the planar area, the transition area and the fractal area are configured unidirectionally according to the sequence of the planar area, the transition area and the fractal area;
or the planar area, the transition area and the fractal area are configured bidirectionally according to the sequence of the planar area, the transition area, the fractal area, the transition area and the planar area.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:
1. and the multi-configuration continuous gradient design improves the protection stability and optimizes the collision resistance.
Gradual transition between the plane and the fractal configuration is realized through the transition region, continuous transition is realized by mutually combining two characteristics of reducing impact force in the plane region and increasing energy absorption effect in the fractal region, the deformation mode is optimized, and the deformation stability in the collision process is improved. The fractal region carries out progressive fractal treatment on the geometric shape of the top part of the structural cap, and compared with a structure with a plane top, the fractal region improves the mechanical properties such as bending rigidity and the like, improves the energy absorption effect and optimizes the crashworthiness.
2. The fan-shaped honeycomb filling structure improves energy absorption efficiency.
The hat-shaped inner fan-shaped honeycomb structure achieves the effect of secondary energy absorption while achieving light weight. Each unit is constructed into a hexagon and straight line mixed configuration through a triangle, so that the excellent characteristics of different geometries are fully exerted, and meanwhile, the light weight is realized; the fan-shaped configuration enables the structure to bear and absorb complex stress environment, optimizes mechanical properties, and realizes dual energy absorption effect together with the cap-shaped structure.
3. The framework type composite structure optimizes a deformation mode through multi-edge angle induction, and light weight is achieved.
The framework structure is composed of a plurality of triangular and dovetail-shaped metal sheets, the interior of the framework structure is hollow, and light weight is achieved. The frameworks are connected tightly, end to end and matched up and down, and because small gaps exist between the frameworks of the inner and outer flat plates of the middle interlayer, edges and corners among all parts generate small dislocation when stressed, so that induced deformation in multiple directions is provided, and the deformation mode is optimized. The structure can adjust the size according to the structures of the transition region and the fractal region, meets the size requirement of fractal, realizes the effect of better transferring force, and improves the mechanical property of the structure.
The multi-material is mixed and woven, the self characteristics of the material are exerted, the mechanical property is optimized, and the utilization efficiency of the material is improved.
The planar structure of the inner and outer flat plates in the framework type sandwich composite structure is formed by mixing and weaving a plurality of materials, and the vertex of the bottom surface of the framework structure is embedded into a node generated by the flat plates in a crossed manner; the mixing of multiple materials can make the material play huge potentiality in different directions, selects suitable material according to the atress of different directions, and multiple mixed weaving improves the utilization efficiency of material.
The double-scale design of the large-scale structure and the small-scale structure improves the whole crashworthiness.
The fractal and fan-shaped filling design ensures the collision benefit on a large scale, the internal structure ensures the stability of deformation, and the lightweight is realized. The dual-scale design, namely the combination of the fractal of the large-scale structure, the fan-shaped filling design and the internal skeleton structure under the small scale, enables the materials and the structure to exert the advantages of the materials and the structure to the greatest extent, and improves the collision safety.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure and the cap structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fractal region in a fractal gradient cap structure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a skeleton-type sandwich composite structure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the composition of a skeleton-type sandwich composite structure plate;
figure 5 is a schematic view of the fan-shaped honeycomb structure as a whole and in cells.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 (a) is a schematic composition diagram of a fractal gradient hat-shaped composite structure, which is composed of an external hat-shaped structure 1 and a fan-shaped honeycomb structure 2 surrounded by the external hat-shaped structure; (b) the figure is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a fractal gradient hat-shaped structure, and one structure mainly comprises three parts according to the geometrical configuration of a hat top: planar region 11, transition region 12, fractal region 13.
The crown of the flat area 11 is now a generally flat surface that can slow the sustained increase in impact force.
The main function of the transition region 12 is to prevent the stress concentration and sudden change of force caused by the discontinuity of geometric change. And the progressive fractal continuous transition of the plane area 11 and the fractal area 13 is realized, and a plane which evolves gradually from a plane configuration to a fractal configuration is generated through computer software.
The cap top of the fractal region 13 is of a fractal structure with a wave-shaped geometric shape gradually slowed down from outside to inside, and compared with a structure with a plane cap top, the repeatedly bent wave-shaped cap top improves the mechanical properties such as bending rigidity and the like, and is beneficial to providing a better deformation mode and larger energy absorption.
The main configuration forms of the fractal gradient hat-shaped composite structure are as follows: (a) the unidirectional configuration form of the plane area, the transition area and the fractal area is mainly used for bearing axial collision impact; (b) the bidirectional configuration form of a plane area, a transition area, a fractal area, a transition area and a plane area is mainly used for bearing transverse impact, the plane area is positioned at two ends, and the fractal area is positioned in the middle for bearing load.
Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fractal region in a hat structure. The fractal region 13 is a gradually-decreasing wave-shaped geometric shape from inside to outside, and each shape reduction is a cycle, and each shape reduction is 1/2 of the previous cycle, namely, as shown in the figure, the fractal region undergoes 5 shape reductions, and each cycle consists of a curve and two round corners in section. Assuming that the radius of the outermost round corner is R, the length of the straight line of the curve is i, and the included angle between the straight line and the vertical direction is theta (the angle is kept unchanged in the fractal process), wherein R and i are arbitrary constants, and the specific size can be made according to the actual situation. Setting the outermost periphery as a first period 31, namely the fillet radius of the first period as R and the straight line vertical distance as i; a second period 32, half the first period geometry, with a fillet radius of 1/2R shown in FIG. 4, and a straight vertical length of 1/2 i; the third period 33, which is half the second period geometry, has a fillet radius of 1/4R as shown in fig. 4, and a straight vertical length of 1/4i, and the third period 33, the fourth period 34, and the fifth period 35 are repeated until they coincide with the central axis.
The planar area 11, the transition area 12 and the fractal area 13 are respectively made of framework type composite sandwich structure plates, and each framework type composite sandwich structure plate consists of an inner flat plate, an outer flat plate and a middle framework interlayer; the cap-shaped surrounding space surrounded by the plane area, the transition area and the fractal area is respectively filled with a fan-shaped honeycomb structure; the fan-shaped honeycomb structure is composed of fan-shaped honeycomb units.
The inner flat plate is similar to the outer flat plate, but an expansion structure is added on the outer layer of the woven structure, and the structure can expand outwards to form a multi-cell structure when the woven structure is under the action of force.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the composition of a skeleton-type sandwich composite structure. In the composition of the hat-shaped interior, a skeleton-type sandwich composite structure is provided, which consists of three parts, namely an outer flat plate 41, a middle interlayer 42 and an inner flat plate 43. The frame structure 412 is composed of a plurality of triangular thin pieces and dovetail-shaped pieces 4121 on the bottom surface, and is hollow inside, so that light weight is achieved. Specifically, the dovetail shaped piece 4121 is a bottom surface of the bobbin; wherein one side of the first triangular piece is connected with the long side of the dovetail-shaped piece 4121, and the other side is connected with the same side of the other first triangular piece; wherein one side of the second triangular piece is connected to the short side of the dovetail-shaped piece 4121 and the other side is connected to the same side of the other second triangular piece.
The outer flat plate 41 and the inner flat plate 43 are composed of a flat plate 411 formed by weaving a plurality of materials in a crossed manner and a skeleton structure in a node formed by the plate crossing. The middle interlayer 42 is a two-layer symmetrical framework structure and is mutually connected by taking the dovetail-shaped piece 4121 as the bottom surface; the arrangement directions of the inner and outer flat plate frameworks are consistent, and the arrangement direction of the middle interlayer is opposite to that of the frameworks on the flat plates. Because a small gap exists between the middle interlayer and the frameworks of the inner and outer flat plates, when the force is applied, the edges and corners among the frameworks generate small dislocation, so that the induced deformation in multiple directions is provided, and the mechanical property of the structure is improved.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the composition of a skeleton sandwich composite structure plate. The inner flat plate and the outer flat plate are formed in the same composition mode, the outer flat plate and the inner flat plate are formed by mixing and weaving two materials, namely, steel is used as an axial material 4111, and aluminum is used as a transverse material 4112. The vertex of the bottom surface of the skeleton structure is embedded into a node generated by the intersection of the flat plates, and an arrow in FIG. 5 is shown; the specific size of the skeletal structure is determined by the cross-over nodes of the braided structure. The size of the weaving size can be adjusted according to the geometry of different areas by the mixed weaving of multiple materials, if the weaving cross points in the fractal area are dense, proper materials can be selected according to the stress in different directions, and the utilization efficiency of the materials is improved.
In this embodiment, the cap-shaped surrounding space surrounded by the planar region 11, the transition region 12 and the fractal region 13 is filled with a fan-shaped honeycomb structure; the fan-shaped honeycomb structure 2 is formed by staggering fan-shaped honeycomb units 21. Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the fan-shaped honeycomb structure 2 as a whole and its unit. The hexagonal top surface and the end of the fan-shaped honeycomb unit 21 are straight-line cone-like structures, that is, the top surface is reduced into a straight line from top to bottom by the hexagon, and the side wall is formed by a triangular structure with gradually reduced size, so that the light weight is realized. Each fan-shaped honeycomb unit 21 can be formed by a 3D printing mode, the bayonet 22 at the bottom of each fan-shaped honeycomb unit 21 can realize the connection and positioning of each layer of units, the fan-shaped structures which are arranged in a staggered mode between different layers can be realized by correspondingly pasting hollow triangles, the fan-shaped structures can be perfectly attached to all areas of the cap-shaped structures, the space structures are fully utilized, and the filling structures of the plane areas and the fractal areas are respectively shown as 5(c) and (D) in the figure.
The fan-shaped honeycomb structure 2 is structurally detachably connected with each vertex in a point-to-point embedded mode or a point-to-point inserted mode, and extra welding, gluing and the like are not needed. The mode that every unit accessible 3D of honeycomb fan-shaped structure printed forms, and the bayonet socket of unit bottom can realize the connection location between every layer unit, pastes the fan-shaped structure that can realize crisscross arrangement between the different layers through hollow out triangle's correspondence, and fan-shaped structure can carry out integral type or split type punching press by the flat board with each regional perfect laminating of cap-shaped structure and cap-shaped structure in making and form.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative, and not restrictive, of the present invention. Changes, modifications, etc. to the above-described embodiments are intended to fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention, as long as they are in accordance with the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A fractal gradient hat-shaped composite structure, comprising: a planar region, a transition region and a fractal region;
the crown of the plane area is a flat plane; the transition area is connected between the planar area and the fractal area, so that the continuous transition of the crown of the planar area and the crown of the fractal area on the geometric configuration is realized;
the cap top of the fractal region is a fractal structure with a gradually-slowed wave-shaped geometric shape from outside to inside;
the planar area, the transition area and the fractal area are respectively made of framework type composite sandwich structural plates, and each framework type composite sandwich structural plate consists of an inner flat plate, an outer flat plate and a middle framework interlayer; the cap-shaped surrounding space surrounded by the plane area, the transition area and the fractal area is respectively filled with a fan-shaped honeycomb structure; the fan-shaped honeycomb structure is composed of fan-shaped honeycomb units.
2. The fractal-type gradient hat-shaped composite structure of claim 1, wherein: the tapered wave geometry is reduced to 1/2 cycles per cycle and to 1/2 cycles of the previous cycle.
3. The fractal-type gradient hat-shaped composite structure of claim 2, wherein: a curve and two fillets connected to two ends of the curve are arranged in the cross section of each period; the radius of a fillet of the first period is R, and the length of a straight line of the curve is i; the fillet radius of the second period is 1/2R, and the straight line length of the curve is 1/2 i; the fillet radius of the second period is 1/4R, and the straight line length of the curve is 1/4 i; and analogizing until the gradually-slowed wave-shaped geometric shape is superposed with the central axis.
4. The fractal-type gradient hat-shaped composite structure of claim 1, wherein: the inner flat plate and the outer flat plate comprise plane parts and framework parts, wherein the plane parts are arranged towards the framework interlayer; the plane part is formed by weaving multiple materials in a mixed mode, the skeleton part comprises a plurality of skeletons arranged in an array mode, and the top point of the bottom face of each skeleton is embedded into the plane part.
5. The fractal-type gradient hat-shaped composite structure of claim 4, wherein: the framework interlayer is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, and the upper layer and the lower layer are symmetrically arranged along the length direction of the composite sandwich structure plate; the upper layer and the lower layer respectively comprise a plurality of skeletons arranged in an array.
6. The fractal-type gradient hat-shaped composite structure of claim 5, wherein: the framework comprises a dovetail-shaped piece, two first triangular pieces and two second triangular pieces; the dovetail-shaped piece is the bottom surface of the framework;
one side of the first triangular piece is connected with the long side of the dovetail-shaped piece, and the other side of the first triangular piece is connected with the same side of the other first triangular piece;
one side of the second triangular piece is connected with the short side of the dovetail-shaped piece, and the other side of the second triangular piece is connected with the same side of the other second triangular piece.
7. The fractal-type gradient hat-shaped composite structure of claim 6, wherein: the inner plate and the outer plate are arranged in the same direction; the framework on the upper layer is respectively arranged in a reverse direction with the framework on the outer plate, the framework on the lower layer and the framework on the inner plate.
8. The fractal-type gradient hat-shaped composite structure of claim 7, wherein: the frameworks of the inner plate and the outer plate are arranged in a reverse direction; the upper layer of framework is embedded into the gap between the frameworks of the outer plates, and the lower layer of framework is embedded into the framework of the inner plate.
9. The fractal-type gradient hat-shaped composite structure of claim 1, wherein: the fan-shaped honeycomb structure is formed by staggering a plurality of fan-shaped honeycomb units;
the fan-shaped honeycomb units are of cone-like structures with hexagonal top surfaces and linear tail ends, namely the top surfaces are reduced from hexagons to straight lines from top to bottom, and the side walls are of triangular structures with gradually reduced sizes;
the lower end of the side wall is provided with a bayonet which is used for being connected with the fan-shaped honeycomb unit at the lower layer; the side wall is provided with a hollowed-out opening.
10. A fractal-type gradient hat-shaped composite structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the planar area, the transition area and the fractal area are configured unidirectionally according to the sequence of the planar area, the transition area and the fractal area;
or the planar area, the transition area and the fractal area are configured bidirectionally according to the sequence of the planar area, the transition area, the fractal area, the transition area and the planar area.
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| CN111828517B (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2024-06-07 | 华侨大学 | Fractal gradient cap-shaped composite structure |
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