CN212451033U - High-efficient boron-containing wastewater treatment system - Google Patents

High-efficient boron-containing wastewater treatment system Download PDF

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CN212451033U
CN212451033U CN202021484738.7U CN202021484738U CN212451033U CN 212451033 U CN212451033 U CN 212451033U CN 202021484738 U CN202021484738 U CN 202021484738U CN 212451033 U CN212451033 U CN 212451033U
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reverse osmosis
water
water tank
boron
treatment
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王伟鹏
马延巧
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Research Institute of Physical and Chemical Engineering of Nuclear Industry
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Research Institute of Physical and Chemical Engineering of Nuclear Industry
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Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-efficiency boron-containing wastewater treatment system, which comprises a water quality adjusting mechanism, a bag filter, a reverse osmosis treatment mechanism and a post-treatment mechanism which are connected in sequence; the water quality adjusting mechanism comprises a pH adjusting mechanism and/or a complexing treatment mechanism; the pH adjusting mechanism comprises a primary water tank and a pH dosing device, and wastewater is conveyed to the primary water tank through a wastewater pipeline; the complexing treatment mechanism comprises an automatic detection filling system and a secondary water tank; the secondary water tank is respectively communicated with the primary water tank and the bag filter; the reverse osmosis treatment mechanism comprises at least one reverse osmosis membrane and a reverse osmosis loop; the post-treatment mechanism comprises an activated carbon adsorption mechanism and a curing mechanism which are connected in parallel. The utility model discloses can avoid the production of concentrated waste water on the basis of the boron-containing waste water of high-efficient processing, the utility model discloses the final boron of water treatment system gets rid of efficiency and can reach more than 99%, calculates according to boron content 50mg/L in the nuclear power station waste water, and through this water purification system purification back, quality of water can reach the drinking water standard.

Description

High-efficient boron-containing wastewater treatment system
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the water treatment system field, concretely relates to high-efficient boron-containing wastewater treatment system.
Background
During the operation of the reactor of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant, a proper amount of boric acid needs to be added to perform compensatory control of the chemical reaction to reduce reactivity. The nuclear power plant wastewater generated in the process needs to be separated and concentrated by a proper wastewater treatment system for boron and various radionuclides. If the nuclear wastewater is not properly treated, the boron element can be lost to the natural environment, and the content of the boron element in the water body environment exceeds the standard due to long-term accumulation, so that the ecological environment and the human health are adversely affected.
The condition that boron-containing wastewater of the nuclear power station flows into underground water needs to be fully considered in a nuclear emergency state, and in order to ensure the drinking water safety of personnel, the boron content in drinking water is calculated to be lower than 0.5 mg/according to biological experiments. The standard can not be reached by common water treatment facilities.
At present, the treatment methods for treating nuclear waste water mainly comprise an evaporation treatment method, a membrane separation treatment technology, an adsorption method and the like, but the methods all have various defects.
The evaporation treatment method has the defects of complex system process, high energy consumption and low treatment efficiency.
The membrane separation treatment technology is a novel high-efficiency separation technology, and is widely applied to the treatment of various waste water because of the characteristics of no phase change of materials, low energy consumption, high decontamination coefficient, good effluent quality, simple equipment, convenient operation and the like in the separation process. According to research, the change of the original pH value, the kind of the added complexing agent, the pressure and other conditions can greatly influence the boron removal efficiency of the reverse osmosis membrane, and taking the Dow TW30 as an example, the rejection rate of the reverse osmosis membrane on the original water boron is only 14.09% when the pH value of the water is 6.54, and the rejection rate of the reverse osmosis membrane on the boron reaches 76.1% when the pH value reaches 11. However, current commercial reverse osmosis membranes operate at high PH and can significantly reduce their lifetime. Meanwhile, the reverse osmosis membrane is used for water treatment to generate a small part of concentrated water, and the recovery treatment of the concentrated water is also a problem to be solved.
The adsorption method is to treat waste water with porous adsorbing material to adsorb radioactive elements and boric acid in radioactive waste water onto the surface of the adsorbent to purify water. The adsorption method has high boron removal efficiency and no special requirement on water quality, but has large amount of required adsorbent in wastewater with extremely high boron content, and the direct utilization of the adsorption method is economically deficient due to the fact that the concentration of boron in the wastewater of the nuclear power station is generally between 20mg/L and 50mg/L according to data.
Based on the characteristics of the treatment modes, each method has certain defects when being used independently, and cannot meet the requirement of efficient treatment of high-concentration boron-containing wastewater.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model is provided for overcoming the defects existing in the prior art, and aims to provide a high-efficiency boron-containing wastewater treatment system.
The utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:
a high-efficiency boron-containing wastewater treatment system comprises a water quality adjusting mechanism, a bag filter, a reverse osmosis treatment mechanism and a post-treatment mechanism which are connected in sequence; the water quality adjusting mechanism comprises a pH adjusting mechanism and/or a complexing treatment mechanism; the pH adjusting mechanism comprises a primary water tank and a pH dosing device, and wastewater is conveyed to the primary water tank through a wastewater pipeline; the complexing treatment mechanism comprises an automatic detection filling system and a secondary water tank; the secondary water tank is respectively communicated with the primary water tank and the bag filter; the reverse osmosis treatment mechanism comprises at least one reverse osmosis membrane and a reverse osmosis loop, wherein the reverse osmosis loop is sequentially provided with a No. IV water pump, a No. II stop valve, a No. II regulating valve and a No. II conductivity meter according to the liquid flow direction; the post-treatment mechanism comprises an active carbon adsorption mechanism and a solidification mechanism which are connected in parallel, a purified water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane is communicated with the active carbon adsorption mechanism, and a concentrated wastewater outlet is communicated with the solidification mechanism; the active carbon adsorption mechanism comprises an active carbon filter rod and a constant temperature oscillator for placing the active carbon filter rod.
In the technical scheme, the device further comprises an ultrafiltration membrane treatment mechanism arranged between the bag filter and the reverse osmosis treatment mechanism.
In the above technical scheme, level meters are arranged in the primary water tank and the secondary water tank.
In the technical scheme, the waste water pipeline is sequentially provided with a No. I regulating valve, a No. I water pump, a No. I pressure detector and a No. I conductivity meter according to the liquid flow direction
In the technical scheme, a first stop valve and a second water pump are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the primary water tank and the secondary water tank according to the liquid flow direction; and a No. III water pump and an electromagnetic valve are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the secondary water tank and the bag filter according to the liquid flow direction.
In the technical scheme, a first check valve and a second pressure detector are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the bag filter and the reverse osmosis treatment mechanism according to the liquid flow direction;
in the technical scheme, when the reverse osmosis membranes are multiple, the multiple reverse osmosis membranes are connected in series or in parallel.
In the technical scheme, the IV water pump and the II stop valve are arranged on the inlet side of the reverse osmosis membrane, and the II regulating valve and the II conductivity meter are arranged on the outlet side of the reverse osmosis membrane
In the technical scheme, a one-way valve is arranged on a pipeline between a purified water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane and the active carbon adsorption mechanism; a third check valve and a third regulating valve are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between a concentrated wastewater outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane and the solidification mechanism according to the liquid flow direction.
In the above technical scheme, the curing mechanism is an evaporation device or an asphalt curing device.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the utility model provides an adopt multiple processing method such as complex precipitation, reverse osmosis membrane, absorption, evaporation to combine together, to the water treatment system of the boron-containing waste water in the nuclear power station primary loop cooling water, can avoid the production of concentrated waste water on the basis of high-efficient boron-containing waste water of handling, the utility model discloses the final boron removal efficiency of water treatment system can reach more than 99%, calculates according to boron content 50mg/L in the nuclear power station waste water, and through this water purification system purification back, water quality can reach the drinking water standard.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the comparison of the retention rates of a medium-reverse osmosis membrane and a general commercial RO membrane of the present invention with respect to boric acid.
Wherein:
1 first-level water tank 2 pH dosing device
3 automatic detection filler system 4 second grade water pitchers
5 bag filter 6 reverse osmosis membrane
7 evaporation treatment mechanism 8 active carbon adsorption mechanism
No. 10I regulating valve of 9 waste water pipeline
No. 11 No. 12 No. I pressure detector of water pump
No. 13 No. 14 No. I stop valve for conductivity meter
No. 15 No. II water pump No. 16 No. III water pump
No. 18 one-way valve of 17 solenoid valve
No. 19 No. II pressure detector No. 20 IV water pump
No. 21 II stop valve No. 22 II governing valve
No. 23 II conductivity meter No. 24 II check valve
No. 25 No. III check valve 26 No. III governing valve
For a person skilled in the art, other relevant figures can be obtained from the above figures without inventive effort.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described by the following specific embodiments in combination with the attached drawings of the specification.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a high-efficiency boron-containing wastewater treatment system comprises a water quality adjusting mechanism, a bag filter 5, a reverse osmosis treatment mechanism and a post-treatment mechanism which are connected in sequence;
the water quality adjusting mechanism comprises a pH adjusting mechanism and a complexing mechanism;
the pH adjusting mechanism comprises a primary water tank 1 and a pH dosing device 2, wastewater is conveyed to the primary water tank 1 through a wastewater pipeline 9, and a No. I adjusting valve 10, a No. I water pump 11, a No. I pressure detector 12 and a No. I conductivity meter 13 are sequentially arranged on the wastewater pipeline 9 according to the liquid flow direction; the model of the pH medicine adding device 2 is AMS 200;
the complexing treatment mechanism comprises an automatic detection filling system 3 and a secondary water tank 4; the secondary water tank 4 is respectively communicated with the primary water tank 1 and the bag filter 5, a No. I stop valve 14 and a No. II water pump 15 are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the primary water tank 1 and the secondary water tank 4 according to the liquid flow direction, and a No. III water pump 16 and an electromagnetic valve 17 are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the secondary water tank 4 and the bag filter 5 according to the liquid flow direction; the automatic detection filler system 3 consists of an EMC E-Scan high-precision online concentration meter and an AMS200 full-automatic dosing device, can realize the online detection function of the boric acid concentration, and regulates the dosing amount through a PLC control system to ensure that the amount of the added complexing agent and the boric acid is approximate to 1:1, so that the complexing effect can be optimal; the complexing agent is mannitol or sorbitol;
a first check valve 18 and a second pressure detector 19 are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the bag filter 5 and the reverse osmosis treatment mechanism according to the liquid flow direction; the type of the bag filter 5 is 1P 2S;
the reverse osmosis treatment mechanism comprises at least one reverse osmosis membrane 6 and a reverse osmosis loop, wherein an IV water pump 20, an II stop valve 21, an II regulating valve 22 and an II conductivity meter 23 are sequentially arranged on the reverse osmosis loop according to the liquid flow direction, the IV water pump 20 and the II stop valve 21 are arranged on the inlet side of the reverse osmosis membrane 6, and the II regulating valve 22 and the II conductivity meter 23 are arranged on the outlet side of the reverse osmosis membrane 6;
the reverse osmosis membrane 6 is a special novel polyether sulfone RO composite membrane, and the preparation process of the novel polyether sulfone RO composite membrane is as follows: dissolving the SPES material and the additive in N-methyl pyrrolidone, uniformly stirring to prepare a membrane casting solution, filtering the solution to remove impurities, standing the solution for 24 hours, placing the solution in a constant-temperature vacuum oven, completely defoaming, soaking a polyether sulfone basal membrane for 45s, slowly and vertically lifting for 2 times at constant lifting time, standing for several seconds, placing the solution in ice water for phase conversion, then carrying out water bath replacement, and completely removing the solvent and part of the polymer additive from the membrane. The finger-shaped pore structure of the special novel polyether sulfone RO composite membrane is more compact and neat, the pore diameter is smaller, the structure is more compact, and the channel inside the membrane is narrower. The novel polyether sulfone RO composite membrane is smaller in water contact angle than a commercialized RO membrane, and the novel polyether sulfone RO composite membrane is better in hydrophilicity than the commercialized RO membrane. Since commercial RO membranes may cause secondary pollution when conditions such as PH and complex are changed, the novel polyethersulfone RO composite membrane can be prepared under optimized conditions.
The post-treatment mechanism comprises an activated carbon adsorption mechanism and a solidification mechanism which are connected in parallel, a purified water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane 6 is communicated with the activated carbon adsorption mechanism, a concentrated wastewater outlet is communicated with the solidification mechanism, and a one-way valve is arranged on a pipeline between the purified water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane 6 and the activated carbon adsorption mechanism; a III check valve 25 and a III regulating valve 26 are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the concentrated wastewater outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane 6 and the solidification mechanism according to the liquid flow direction;
the active carbon adsorption mechanism comprises an active carbon filter rod and a constant temperature oscillator for placing the active carbon filter rod, the constant temperature oscillator adopts a constant temperature system to ensure that the temperature of the wastewater is between 25 ℃ and 35 ℃, and keeps specific oscillation frequency, thereby increasing the adsorption efficiency.
The solidification mechanism is an evaporation plant, the evaporation plant adopts a conventional liquid evaporation plant, the concentrated boron-containing wastewater enters the evaporation plant, the evaporated solid waste is recycled, and the evaporated purified water is directly discharged. And the purified water discharged from the outlet of the activated carbon adsorption mechanism is directly discharged.
No. I ~ IV water pump, No. I ~ III governing valve, No. I ~ II stop valve, solenoid valve and No. I ~ II check valve have guaranteed the normal transportation of whole in-plant waste water, and No. I ~ II pressure detector and No. I ~ II conductivity meter realize trying on the detection to the water treatment return circuit in the device to can introduce PLC control system, realize the dense water backward flow through PLC control system, further realize systematic automated control.
The standard parts used in the utility model can be purchased from the market.
Example 2
Based on the embodiment 1, when the pH value of the initial wastewater is higher (already in the range of 8.5-10.5), the water quality adjusting mechanism directly adopts a complexing treatment mechanism, and the pH adjusting mechanism is omitted.
Example 3
Based on example 1, when the wastewater contains higher radioactivity, the solidification mechanism adopts an asphalt solidification device, and the concentrated wastewater is directly solidified and sealed. The asphalt solidifying device adopts a screw extrusion method, and the screw extruder consists of two (or four) parallel long screws with mutually meshed threads and a sleeve. The waste water and molten asphalt are fed from one end, dispersed as a thin film on the screw, and as the screw rotates, the waste water and asphalt are mixed, the water is evaporated and moved forward, and the mixture is extruded into a receiving barrel in the form of a stick. The asphalt solidified body has good performance, and when the waste packing capacity and the salt content are proper, the leaching rate is 1/100-1/1000 lower than that of a similar cement solidified body; the volume reduction ratio is greater than 1 due to the removal of water.
Example 4
Based on the embodiment 1, when the inflow rate of wastewater is large, the reverse osmosis treatment mechanism adopts a mode that a plurality of reverse osmosis membranes 6 are connected in parallel, and the number of the reverse osmosis membranes 6 can be two or three. The mode that a plurality of reverse osmosis membranes 6 are connected in parallel can effectively increase treatment efficiency.
Example 5
Based on the embodiment 1, when the content of boron in the wastewater is high, the reverse osmosis treatment mechanism adopts a mode of connecting two reverse osmosis membranes 6 in series to increase the boron removal efficiency.
Example 6
Based on the embodiment 1, when the salt content in the wastewater is higher, an ultrafiltration membrane is added in front of a reverse osmosis treatment mechanism for treatment so as to relieve the treatment pressure of the reverse osmosis membrane.
The utility model discloses a water treatment system can be used to handle the content of boron in the waste water between 10mg/L ~ 100mg/L, and any waste water that pH is not limited can change to some extent according to the water quality condition's of waste water implementation mode of this system.
The utility model discloses a use method (taking example 1 as an example):
inhale to pH charge device through the water pump with boron-containing waste water, adjust waste water pH through adding alkaline reagents such as NaOH, waste water after will adjusting pH adds to complex processing apparatus, it makes boric acid be held back by reverse osmosis membrane more easily to add the complexing agent, detach the insoluble substance of large granule through bag filter, the dense water through novel polyether sulfone RO complex film processing detects through the conductivity meter, concentrate to more than 50 times, boron-containing waste water after the concentration gets into evaporation plant, solid waste recovery handles after the evaporation, reverse osmosis membrane discharges the water purification and gets into active carbon adsorption mechanism, vibrate the water purification that produces after the adsorption treatment with the evaporation together and discharge through the constant temperature.
The utility model discloses earlier carry out the preliminary treatment with waste water quality of water, inhale the wastewater containing boron to pH through the water pump promptly and add medicine adjustment mechanism, adjust waste water pH to 8.5 ~ 10.5 through adding alkaline reagent such as NaOH. Adding the wastewater after pH adjustment into a complexing treatment mechanism, adding a complexing agent to generate a complex with larger particles, simultaneously increasing the ionization degree of boric acid and enabling the boric acid to be easier to be intercepted by a reverse osmosis membrane, and finding out that the boron removal effect is best when the amount of the complexing agent and the boric acid is approximate to 1:1 through experiments; large-particle insoluble substances are removed from the wastewater through a bag filter after the complexing treatment, the reverse osmosis membrane is prevented from being damaged, and the boron removal rate of the novel polyether sulfone RO composite membrane is found to be far higher than that of a commercial RO membrane through comparison, as shown in figure 2. The dense water through reverse osmosis membrane treatment detects through the conductivity meter, if the conductivity is less than the preset numerical value of 30 ~ 50 times of numerical value of intaking, then before dense water reflux reverse osmosis membrane, continues the concentration, the utility model discloses can make the concentrated more than 50 times of waste water raw water, concentrated water carries out solidification treatment, compares in the evaporation treatment method of traditional boron waste water, can practice thrift the energy more than 95%. Reverse osmosis membrane discharges water purification boron content and only is 2 ~ 5mg/L, sends into active carbon adsorption device with the water purification, and adsorption device increases the clearance of boron through constant temperature 25 ℃ -35 ℃ vibration system, the utility model discloses the final boron removal efficiency of system can reach more than 99%, calculates according to the 50mg/L of boron content in the nuclear power station waste water, and after this water purification system purified, water quality can reach the drinking water standard.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The applicant states that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions easily conceivable by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the protection scope and the disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a high-efficient boron-containing effluent disposal system which characterized in that: comprises a water quality adjusting mechanism, a bag filter (5), a reverse osmosis treatment mechanism and a post-treatment mechanism which are connected in sequence;
the water quality adjusting mechanism comprises a pH adjusting mechanism and/or a complexing treatment mechanism;
the pH adjusting mechanism comprises a primary water tank (1) and a pH dosing device (2), and wastewater is conveyed to the primary water tank (1) through a wastewater pipeline (9);
the complexing treatment mechanism comprises an automatic detection filler system (3) and a secondary water tank (4); the secondary water tank (4) is respectively communicated with the primary water tank (1) and the bag filter (5);
the reverse osmosis treatment mechanism comprises at least one reverse osmosis membrane (6) and a reverse osmosis loop, wherein an IV water pump (20), a II stop valve (21), a II regulating valve (22) and a II conductivity meter (23) are sequentially arranged on the reverse osmosis loop according to the liquid flow direction;
the post-treatment mechanism comprises an active carbon adsorption mechanism and a solidification mechanism which are connected in parallel, a purified water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane (6) is communicated with the active carbon adsorption mechanism, and a concentrated wastewater outlet is communicated with the solidification mechanism; the active carbon adsorption mechanism comprises an active carbon filter rod and a constant temperature oscillator for placing the active carbon filter rod.
2. The high efficiency boron-containing wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the device also comprises an ultrafiltration membrane treatment mechanism arranged between the bag filter (5) and the reverse osmosis treatment mechanism.
3. The high efficiency boron-containing wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: liquid level meters are arranged in the first-stage water tank (1) and the second-stage water tank (4).
4. The high efficiency boron-containing wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: waste water pipeline (9) are gone up and are set gradually No. I governing valve (10), No. I water pump (11), No. I pressure detector (12) and No. I conductivity meter (13) according to the liquid flow direction.
5. The high efficiency boron-containing wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: a No. I stop valve (14) and a No. II water pump (15) are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the primary water tank (1) and the secondary water tank (4) according to the liquid flow direction; a No. III water pump (16) and an electromagnetic valve (17) are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the secondary water tank (4) and the bag filter (5) according to the liquid flow direction.
6. The high efficiency boron-containing wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: a first check valve (18) and a second pressure detector (19) are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the bag filter (5) and the reverse osmosis treatment mechanism according to the liquid flow direction.
7. The high efficiency boron-containing wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the reverse osmosis membranes (6) are multiple, the multiple reverse osmosis membranes (6) are connected in series or in parallel.
8. The high efficiency boron-containing wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: no. IV water pump (20) and No. II stop valve (21) set up in reverse osmosis membrane (6) import side, and No. II governing valve (22) and No. II conductivity meter (23) set up in reverse osmosis membrane (6) outlet side.
9. The high efficiency boron-containing wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: a one-way valve is arranged on a pipeline between a purified water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane (6) and the active carbon adsorption mechanism; a third check valve (25) and a third regulating valve (26) are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between a concentrated wastewater outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane (6) and the solidifying mechanism according to the liquid flow direction.
10. The high efficiency boron-containing wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the curing mechanism is an evaporation device or an asphalt curing device.
CN202021484738.7U 2020-07-24 2020-07-24 High-efficient boron-containing wastewater treatment system Active CN212451033U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111762949A (en) * 2020-07-24 2020-10-13 核工业理化工程研究院 High-efficiency boron-containing wastewater treatment system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111762949A (en) * 2020-07-24 2020-10-13 核工业理化工程研究院 High-efficiency boron-containing wastewater treatment system

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