CN212444147U

CN212444147U - Centre frame of centre gripping bent axle main journal

Info

Publication number: CN212444147U
Application number: CN202021491202.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖梦婕; 康笃玲
Original assignee: Xiangyang Fuda Dongkang Crankshaft Co ltd
Current assignee: Xiangyang Fuda Dongkang Crankshaft Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-27
Filing date: 2020-07-27
Publication date: 2021-02-02
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-27

Abstract

A center frame for clamping a main journal of a crankshaft is used for automatically clamping the main journal during crankshaft milling. The center frame is connected with the guide rail on the lathe bed in a sliding way and is fixed with the left sliding table; a first jaw seat and a second jaw seat of the center frame are meshed with a gear through a first rack and a second rack to realize synchronous motion, and the first jaw seat and the second jaw seat simultaneously clamp a main journal of the crankshaft in the milling process. The utility model discloses the centre frame can realize the automation of the milling head case on the left slip table automatically and jump the shelves together with left slip table at the guide rail lateral shifting of lathe bed to at each cutting position of bent axle, to the self-holding of corresponding main shaft neck, in order to prevent bent axle vibration and bending deformation, pitch location axle is favorable to guaranteeing to add the centre-to-centre spacing of the main shaft neck of bent axle and the connecting rod neck man-hour. The machine tool is convenient to change the model, the automation and flexibility degrees are very high, the operation process is safe and reliable, the processing precision is high, the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced, and the labor intensity of operators can be effectively reduced.

Description

Centre frame of centre gripping bent axle main journal

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an automobile parts makes technical field, specifically is a processing bent axle main shaft neck, connecting rod neck and main even journal balancing piece terminal surface for centre gripping bent axle main shaft neck's centre frame.

Background

The crankshaft structure generally consists of a main journal, a connecting rod journal, a crank arm, a balance block, a large end and a small end. A certain eccentricity exists between a main journal and a connecting rod journal of the crankshaft, and the processing is very troublesome for a common machine tool. The common lathe can only process the main journal, but the connecting rod journal with the eccentricity and the two sides of the balance weight are difficult to process on the common lathe, if the common lathe is adopted for processing, a heavy special clamp must be manufactured, and the installation and the use are very troublesome. The processing of the main journal and the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft and the end surface of the main connecting journal balancing block can also use an imported internal milling machine tool, but the imported machine tool has the following defects:

1. and (5) aging the machine tool.

2. Because the size range of each variety of crankshafts is large, the types are multiple, the model change is frequent, the imported machine tool cannot meet the development requirement of new products, and the imported machine tool is designed according to the original crankshaft structure, so that the flexibility degree is very low.

3. The price is expensive, and if a production line is newly added, the imported machine tool needs to be purchased again, so that the production cost is very high.

4. The key accessories of the imported machine tool cannot be purchased at home, the replacement is inconvenient, the maintenance needs to ask for foreign experts, the period is long, and the cost is high.

Combining the current situation of crankshaft processing, automatic processing equipment for the main connecting shaft neck and the balance block end face of the crankshaft is produced, and the cutting positions of the cutter head of the equipment in the transverse direction, the vertical direction and the vertical direction are controlled by a CNC control system. Before the crankshaft is not clamped, the excircle of the large end of the crankshaft falls on an auxiliary support on an axial positioning fixture, the excircle of a main journal of the small end of the crankshaft falls on an auxiliary support on an angular positioning fixture, a pull rod on the angular positioning fixture drives a floating center to extend forwards to abut against a hole of the small end center, so that the crankshaft moves leftwards to enable the end face of the large end of the crankshaft to abut against an axial positioning stop block on the axial positioning fixture to complete axial positioning, a push disc of the angular positioning fixture continuously drives an angular positioning clamp to clamp an angular positioning surface of the crankshaft, the angular positioning fixture and a push disc of the axial positioning fixture drive a clamp to complete automatic clamping of the excircle of the large end of the crankshaft and the excircle of the main journal of the small end, the crankshaft starts to be machined after being clamped, a left cutter disc and a right cutter disc stop at specified positions, only the right cutter disc rotates and feeds, a neck M2 is firstly cut, the left cutter disc and the right cutter, A main journal and a main connecting journal balance block end face.

In the machining process, the radial cutting force of a cutter on a slender crankshaft is very large, in order to solve the problem of deformation of the slender shaft, the automatic machining equipment not only clamps two ends of the crankshaft, but also clamps a main journal near a machined part, otherwise, the machining precision of the crankshaft is seriously influenced. Therefore, it is very important to develop a center frame for clamping the main journal of the crankshaft.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a center frame for clamping a crankshaft main journal so as to realize automatic clamping of the crankshaft main journal.

In order to achieve the purpose, the first jaw seat and the second jaw seat of the center frame of the utility model are meshed with the gear through the first rack and the second rack to realize synchronous motion, and the first jaw seat and the second jaw seat simultaneously clamp a main journal of the crankshaft in the milling process; when a first oil cylinder driving the clamping block and a first piston rod of the first oil cylinder extend forwards to realize clamping, a contactless switch in the central frame body sends clamping signals, the outer sides of the two first clamping claw seats are respectively matched with the upper frame of the central frame and the central frame body, the inner sides of the two first clamping claw seats are fixed with the first rack, the first piston rod of the first oil cylinder is connected with the first clamping claw seats, a rack II is fixed on the upper side and the lower side of the jaw seat II, the rack I and the rack II are meshed with a gear, a guide rod is arranged on one side of the jaw seat II, the guide rod is in sliding fit with the central frame body, the upper side and the lower side of the gear seat play a role in guiding and limiting the rack I and the rack II, the gear seat and the oil cylinder are respectively fixed on two sides of the central frame body, the clamping blocks are fixed on the V-shaped blocks, the V-shaped blocks are respectively fixed on the jaw seat I and the jaw seat II, adjusting pads for adjusting clamping accuracy are arranged between the V-shaped blocks and the clamping blocks, and baffle plates on two sides of the central frame are fixed on the; the upper end of the clamping block of the center frame is provided with an air blowing pipe which can clean iron chips on the surface of the clamping block.

A central frame body of the central frame is in sliding connection with a first guide rail and a second guide rail which are arranged on the machine body in parallel in the transverse direction, a guide hole is formed in the joint of the left sliding table and the central frame, a guide rod fixed on the central frame enters from the guide hole in the left sliding table, the central frame is connected with the left sliding table through a pitch positioning shaft, and the central frame can transversely move on the first guide rail and the second guide rail of the machine body along with the left sliding table; the distance between the center frame and a cutter disc on the left side of the milling head box is equal to the center distance between a main journal of the crankshaft and an adjacent connecting rod journal, and the skip distance is equal to the center distance between the adjacent main journals of the crankshaft.

The side surfaces of the center frame and the guide rail I are provided with inlaid strips for adjusting a gap between the center frame and the guide rail I, a pin is fixed on a center frame body, a pressure plate is in sliding fit with the pin and can rotate around the pin, a piston rod II of an oil cylinder II arranged on the center frame body moves downwards, a disc spring arranged between a cylinder body of the oil cylinder II and the center frame body is pressed to deform, the lower end of the piston rod II pushes one end of the pressure plate to rotate downwards around the pin, the other end of the pressure plate rotates upwards around the pin, the upper end of the other end of the pressure plate is provided with a semicircular block, the semicircular block is pushed upwards by a pressure plate to prop against the two ends of the lower parts, locking the central frame with the first guide rail and the second guide rail in the vertical direction, wherein a piston rod III of an oil cylinder III arranged on the central frame body extends out to prop against one side of the gib, and the other side of the gib is in contact with and pressed against the side surface of the first guide rail to lock the central frame with the side surface of the first guide rail; when the crankshaft is subjected to mold changing, the center frame is locked with the first guide rail and the second guide rail, the left sliding table moves to adjust the distance between the left sliding table and the center frame, so that the pitch positioning shaft fixed on the left sliding table penetrates through the bolt hole in the center frame and is fixed by the nut and the opening pad, and the pitch positioning shaft is used for ensuring the distance between the center frame and the left cutter head, namely the center distance between the main journal and the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model, the centre frame can be together with left slip table at the guide rail lateral shifting of lathe bed, and the jack catch seat of centre frame passes through the rack and realizes synchronous motion, can realize automatically that the automation of the milling head case on the slip table of a left side jumps the shelves to at each cutting position of bent axle, to the self-holding of corresponding main journal, in order to prevent bent axle vibration and bending deformation, pitch location axle is favorable to guaranteeing to add the centre-to-centre spacing of the main journal of bent axle and connecting rod neck man-hour.

The machine tool is convenient to change the model, the automation and flexibility degrees are very high, the operation process is safe and reliable, the processing precision is high, the manufacturing cost is greatly reduced, and the labor intensity of operators can be effectively reduced.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the pitch positioning shaft connection of FIG. 1.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the latch clamping transmission mechanism of fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the locking part structure of the center frame and the bed guide rail.

Fig. 6 is an exploded view of fig. 4.

In the figure: 1. bolt holes; 2. an upper frame of the center frame; 3. a central frame body; 4. a baffle plate; 5. a pitch positioning shaft; 6. an opening pad; 7. a nut; 8. a semicircular block; 9. pressing a plate; 10. a guide bar; 11. a pin; 12. a left slipway; 13. a guide bar; 14. a contactless switch; 15. a gear; 16. a V-shaped block; 17. an adjustment pad; 18. a clamping block; 19. an air blowing pipe; 20. a piston rod III; 21. a third oil cylinder; 22. a second oil cylinder; 23. a belleville spring; 24. a piston rod II; 25. embedding strips; 26. a gear seat; 27. a first rack; 28. a second rack; 29. a first clamping jaw seat; 30. a second jaw seat; 31. a first piston rod; 32. a first oil cylinder; 33. a center frame.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6, the center frame 33 of the present invention is used for simultaneously clamping a main journal of a crankshaft during a milling process to prevent vibration and bending deformation of the crankshaft, and the jaw seats of the center frame 33 are synchronously moved by the rack shaft. The first jaw seat 29 and the second jaw seat 30 of the central frame 33 are meshed with the gear 15 through the first rack 27 and the second rack 28 to realize synchronous motion, and the first jaw seat 29 and the second jaw seat 30 simultaneously clamp a main journal of the crankshaft in the milling process; a first oil cylinder 32 for driving the fixture block 18, when a first piston rod 31 of the first oil cylinder 32 extends forwards to realize clamping, a contactless switch 14 in the central frame body 3 sends a clamping signal, the outer sides of two first jaw seats 29 are respectively matched with the upper frame 2 of the central frame and the central frame body 3, the inner sides of the two first jaw seats are fixed with a first rack 27, the first piston rod 31 of the first oil cylinder 32 is connected with the first jaw seats 29, a second rack 28 is fixed on the upper side and the lower side of the second jaw seats 30, the first rack 27 and the second rack 28 are meshed with a gear 15, a guide rod 13 is arranged on one side of the second jaw seats 30, the guide rod 13 is in sliding fit with the central frame body 3, the upper side and the lower side of the gear seat 26 play a role in guiding and limiting for the first rack 27 and the second rack 28, the gear seat 26 and the first oil cylinder 32 are respectively fixed on two sides of the central frame body 3, the fixture block 18 is fixed on a V-shaped, an adjusting pad 17 for adjusting clamping precision is arranged between the V-shaped block 16 and the fixture block 18, and the baffle plates 4 on two sides of the center frame 33 are fixed on the center frame body 3; the upper end of the clamping block 18 of the central frame 33 is provided with the air blowing pipe 19 which can clean iron chips on the surface of the clamping block, and after one step of the crankshaft is finished, the air blowing pipe 19 can automatically blow air to the clamping block 18 during gear jumping, so that the iron chips on the surface are cleaned, and the clamping precision is ensured.

The central frame body 3 of the central frame 33 is in sliding connection with a first guide rail and a second guide rail which are transversely arranged in parallel on the lathe bed, the joint surface of the central frame 33 and the lathe bed is coated with a lubricating coating, and an oil groove is arranged inside the lubricating coating, so that the lubrication and the service life of the coating can be ensured; a guide hole is formed at the joint of the left sliding table 12 and the central frame 33, a guide rod 10 fixed on the central frame 33 enters from the guide hole on the left sliding table 12, the central frame 33 is connected with the left sliding table 12 through a pitch positioning shaft 5, and the central frame 33 can transversely move on a first guide rail and a second guide rail of the lathe bed along with the left sliding table 12; the distance between the center frame 33 and the left cutter head on the milling head box is equal to the center distance between the main journal of the crankshaft and the adjacent connecting rod journal, and the gear skipping distance is equal to the center distance between the adjacent main journals of the crankshaft.

The side surfaces of the central frame 33 and the first guide rail are provided with the gibs 25 for adjusting the gap between the central frame 33 and the first guide rail, the pin 11 is fixed on the central frame body 3, the press plate 9 is in sliding fit with the pin 11, the press plate 9 can rotate by taking the pin 11 as a circle center, the piston rod II 24 of the oil cylinder II 22 arranged on the central frame body 3 moves downwards, the disc spring 23 arranged between the cylinder body of the oil cylinder II 22 and the central frame body 3 is pressed and deformed, the lower end of the piston rod II 24 pushes one end of the press plate 9 to rotate downwards by taking the pin 11 as a circle center, the other end of the press plate 9 rotates upwards by taking the pin 11 as a circle center, the upper end of the other end of the press plate 9 is provided with the semicircular block 8, the semicircular block 8 is pushed upwards to prop against the two lower ends of the first guide rail and the second guide rail by the press plate 9, the central frame 33 is locked with the first guide rail and the second guide rail, no matter how the pressing plate 9 rotates, the upper end surfaces of the semicircular blocks 8 are always kept to be completely attached to the lower end surfaces of the first guide rail and the second guide rail, so that the locking friction force is maximized, and the effect is optimal; a piston rod III 20 of an oil cylinder III 21 arranged on the central frame body 3 extends out to prop against one side of the gib 25, and the other side of the gib 25 is contacted with and pressed tightly against the side surface of the first guide rail to lock the central frame 33 with the side surface of the first guide rail; the panel 25 can ensure the accuracy of the side bus of the relative movement of the central frame 33 and the first guide rail, and the pressure plate 9 can ensure the accuracy of the upper bus of the central frame 33 and the first and second guide rails; when the crankshaft is subjected to model changing, the central frame 33 is locked with the first guide rail and the second guide rail, the left sliding table 12 moves to adjust the distance between the left sliding table 12 and the central frame 33, so that the pitch positioning shaft 5 fixed on the left sliding table 12 penetrates through the bolt hole 1 in the central frame 33 and is fixed by the nut 7 and the opening pad 6, and the pitch positioning shaft 5 is used for ensuring the distance between the central frame 33 and the left cutter head, namely the center distance between a main journal and a connecting rod journal of the crankshaft. During the machining process of the crankshaft, the center frame 33 is locked on the machine body, one gear of the crankshaft is machined, the cutter is reset, the center frame 33 is loosened from the machine body when the center frame 33 jumps along with the left sliding table 12, and the fixture block 18 is in a loosening state at the moment.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a centre frame of centre gripping bent axle main journal which characterized in that: a first jaw seat (29) and a second jaw seat (30) of the central frame (33) are meshed with the gear (15) through a first rack (27) and a second rack (28) to realize synchronous motion, and the first jaw seat (29) and the second jaw seat (30) simultaneously clamp a main journal of the crankshaft in the milling process; a first oil cylinder (32) for driving the clamping block (18), when a first piston rod (31) of the first oil cylinder (32) extends forwards to realize clamping, a non-contact switch (14) in the central frame body (3) sends a signal, the outer sides of the two first clamping jaw seats (29) are respectively matched with the upper frame (2) of the central frame body and the central frame body (3), the inner sides of the two first clamping jaw seats are fixed with a first rack (27), the first piston rod (31) of the first oil cylinder (32) is connected with the first clamping jaw seats (29), second racks (28) are fixed on the upper side and the lower side of the second clamping jaw seats (30), the first rack (27) and the second rack (28) are meshed with a gear (15), a guide rod (13) is arranged on one side of the second clamping jaw seats (30), the guide rod (13) is in sliding fit with the central frame body (3), the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the gear seat (26) play a role in guiding and limiting roles for the first rack (27) and the second rack (28), and the gear seat (26, the clamping block (18) is fixed on the V-shaped block (16), the V-shaped block (16) is respectively fixed on the first jaw seat (29) and the second jaw seat (30), an adjusting pad (17) for adjusting clamping precision is arranged between the V-shaped block (16) and the clamping block (18), and the baffle plates (4) on two sides of the central frame (33) are fixed on the central frame body (3); the upper end of a clamping block (18) of the central frame (33) is provided with an air blowing pipe (19) which can clean iron chips on the surface of the clamping block.

2. The steady rest of claim 1, wherein: a central frame body (3) of a central frame (33) is in sliding connection with a first guide rail and a second guide rail which are arranged on a machine body in parallel in the transverse direction, a guide hole is formed in the joint of a left sliding table (12) and the central frame (33), a guide rod (10) fixed on the central frame (33) enters from the guide hole in the left sliding table (12), the central frame (33) is connected with the left sliding table (12) through a pitch positioning shaft (5), and the central frame (33) can move in the transverse direction on the first guide rail and the second guide rail of the machine body along with the left sliding table (12); the distance between the center frame (33) and a left cutter head on the milling head box is equal to the center distance between a main journal of the crankshaft and an adjacent connecting rod journal, and the gear jumping distance is equal to the center distance between the adjacent main journals of the crankshaft.

3. The steady rest of claim 1, wherein: the side surfaces of the central frame (33) and the guide rail I are provided with inlaid strips (25) for adjusting gaps between the central frame (33) and the guide rail I, the pin (11) is fixed on the central frame body (3), the pressing plate (9) is in sliding fit with the pin (11), the pressing plate (9) can rotate by taking the pin (11) as a circle center, a second piston rod (24) of a second oil cylinder (22) arranged on the central frame body (3) moves downwards, a butterfly spring (23) arranged between a cylinder body of the second oil cylinder (22) and the central frame body (3) is deformed in a pressing mode, the lower end of the second piston rod (24) pushes one end of the pressing plate (9) to rotate downwards by taking the pin (11) as a circle center, the other end of the pressing plate (9) rotates upwards by taking the pin (11) as a circle center, the upper end of the other end of the pressing plate (9) is provided with a semicircular block (8), the semicircular block (8) is pushed upwards against the two lower ends of the guide rail I, A second guide rail is locked, a third piston rod (20) of a third oil cylinder (21) arranged on the central frame body (3) extends out to prop against one side of the gib (25), the other side of the gib (25) is contacted and pressed with the side surface of the first guide rail, and the central frame (33) is locked with the side surface of the first guide rail; when the crankshaft is subjected to model changing, the central frame (33) is locked with the first guide rail and the second guide rail, the left sliding table (12) moves to adjust the distance between the left sliding table and the central frame (33), so that the pitch positioning shaft (5) fixed on the left sliding table (12) penetrates through the bolt hole (1) in the central frame (33) and is fixed by the nut (7) and the opening pad (6), and the pitch positioning shaft (5) is used for ensuring the distance between the central frame (33) and the left cutter head, namely the center distance between the main journal and the connecting rod journal of the crankshaft.