CN212409457U - Cascade evaporation condensation heat exchanger - Google Patents
Cascade evaporation condensation heat exchanger Download PDFInfo
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- CN212409457U CN212409457U CN202020786628.XU CN202020786628U CN212409457U CN 212409457 U CN212409457 U CN 212409457U CN 202020786628 U CN202020786628 U CN 202020786628U CN 212409457 U CN212409457 U CN 212409457U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a cascade evaporation condensation heat exchanger, which comprises at least one heat exchange unit; the heat exchange unit is a plate-shaped structure formed by arranging a plurality of horizontal sections of the condensation pipes, and forms at least one refrigerant heat exchange channel, and two surfaces of the plate-shaped structure form evaporation heat exchange surfaces; a cooling outer pipe is arranged above the horizontal section of the uppermost condensing pipe; a water distribution groove is also arranged between the cooling outer pipe and the horizontal section of the condensing pipe; both sides of the water distribution tank are provided with water distribution microporous plates; the upper end and the lower end of the water distribution microporous plate are respectively connected with the pipe walls of the horizontal sections of the cooling outer pipe and the condensing pipe; the cooling outer pipe is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes communicated with the water distribution tank; and a cooling inner pipe is arranged in the refrigerant heat exchange channel in a penetrating way. The utility model discloses a cascade evaporation condensing heat exchanger, the two heat transfer modes of water-cooling heat transfer and evaporative cooling heat transfer are gathered, the cascade heat transfer effect is presented; the embedded hidden water distribution groove can form a water curtain type water distribution effect, and the evaporation efficiency is improved; free water can not be generated, and the phenomena of water flying and water floating are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a condensation heat exchanger field especially relates to a cascade evaporation condensation heat exchanger.
Background
The water-cooling air conditioner has obvious refrigeration efficiency compared with the air-cooling air conditioner, so that the water-cooling air conditioner is the first choice equipment in the field of refrigeration of central air conditioners. However, the water-cooled air conditioner has the characteristics of large volume, inconvenience in installation, transportation, maintenance and the like, and particularly occupies a large indoor area, so that the building waste is caused. Therefore, the small-sized modularization of the unit becomes a necessary trend for the development of the water-cooled water chilling unit. However, the shell-and-tube condenser or the evaporative condenser commonly used by the existing water-cooling water chilling unit has the phenomena of large volume, low efficiency, serious water-cooling water waste caused by the phenomenon of water splashing and the like, and the miniaturization and modularization of the water-cooling water chilling unit are restricted.
The existing water-cooling shell-and-tube condenser and the evaporation condensation heat exchanger have the following problems:
shell and tube condenser: the operation process of the refrigeration air conditioner is the process of transferring heat from a client to the outdoor, the refrigerant obtains lower supercooling degree which is the premise of stable and efficient operation of the air conditioner, the refrigerant flow in the heat exchanger is required to be sufficiently long in order to enable the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant steam discharged by a compressor to be close to the outdoor environment to the maximum extent, and the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is large in size and high in power due to the consideration of heat exchange capacity and manufacturing cost, so that the heat exchanger is not beneficial to miniaturization; the latent heat of vaporization heat exchange quantity of cooling water is tens of times of heat transfer heat exchange quantity, and the heat transfer heat exchange mode of sealing between the shell and tube heat exchanger shell and tube is not favorable for vaporization and evaporation of water, and limits the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger. Therefore, the efficiency needs to be improved, the volume is reduced, and the miniaturization of the air conditioner is facilitated.
An evaporation condensation heat exchanger: the existing evaporative cooling heat exchangers are not provided with water distribution devices, and need to be matched with a spraying device for use. Therefore, the volume of the air conditioning unit is increased, and the manufacturing cost is increased, so that the miniaturization of the unit is not facilitated; the cooling water sprayed downwards in the cooling process and the air under the negative pressure in the unit cavity generate reverse flow to cause a large amount of 'water flying' and 'water floating', so that water resource waste is caused and the cooling efficiency is reduced.
No matter the evaporation condensation heat exchanger or the water-cooling shell-and-tube heat exchanger is a single cooling medium, the dividing wall type heat exchange structure with a single heat exchange surface realizes heat exchange between the cooling medium and a refrigerant through a tube wall between the two media, and the structure limits a heat transfer surface between the two media to be not beneficial to heat transfer.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a cascade evaporation and condensation heat exchanger, the shell-and-tube closure heat convection and open evaporative cooling heat transfer are in one, change the restriction of homonymy single heat transfer area between two media of traditional heat exchanger, utilize two heat transfer surface heat transfer of inside and outside pipe, have increased the heat transfer area of refrigerant. Meanwhile, two heat exchange modes of water-cooling heat exchange and evaporative cooling heat exchange of the same heat exchanger are realized, the heat exchange efficiency can be greatly improved, and the volume of the heat exchanger is reduced.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: a cascade evaporation and condensation heat exchanger comprises at least one heat exchange plate, wherein the heat exchange plate comprises at least one heat exchange unit; the heat exchange unit is of a plate-shaped structure formed by vertically arranging a plurality of horizontal sections of the condensation pipes, two ends of the horizontal sections of the condensation pipes are connected through bent sections of the condensation pipes to form at least one refrigerant heat exchange channel, and two surfaces of the plate-shaped structure form evaporation heat exchange surfaces; a cooling outer pipe is arranged above the horizontal section of the uppermost condensing pipe; a water distribution groove is also arranged between the cooling outer pipe and the horizontal section of the uppermost condensing pipe; both sides of the water distribution tank are provided with water distribution microporous plates; the upper end of the water distribution microporous plate is connected with the pipe wall of the cooling outer pipe, and the lower end of the water distribution microporous plate is connected with the pipe wall of the horizontal section of the uppermost condensing pipe, so that the water distribution tank is fixed between the cooling outer pipe and the heat exchange unit in an embedded manner to form an integral structure; the cooling outer pipe is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes which are communicated with the water distribution tank and used for uniformly injecting water into the water distribution tank; the water distribution groove is used for uniformly distributing water injected by the cooling outer pipe on the evaporation heat exchange plate surface through the water distribution microporous plate to form a water curtain to exchange heat with the refrigerant at the outer side of the refrigerant heat exchange channel; and a cooling inner pipe is arranged in the refrigerant heat exchange channel in a penetrating manner and is used for exchanging heat with the refrigerant at the inner side of the refrigerant heat exchange channel through water passing through the cooling inner pipe.
Furthermore, two adjacent horizontal sections of the condensing tubes in the plurality of horizontal sections of the condensing tubes vertically arranged in the plate-shaped structure are connected without gaps, so that the evaporation heat exchange surface has continuity and is in a concave-convex shape; and a bracket is arranged between the cooling outer pipe and the horizontal section of the condensing pipe in the water distribution tank.
Further, the heat exchange plate comprises a plurality of heat exchange units; the heat exchange units are vertically arranged, and two adjacent heat exchange units are connected through bent sections of the condensing pipes, so that respective refrigerant heat exchange channels are correspondingly communicated.
Furthermore, the top of the cooling outer pipe in the heat exchange unit positioned at the lower side in the two adjacent heat exchange units is connected with the bottom of the horizontal section of the condensation pipe at the lowest side of the heat exchange unit positioned at the upper side; and the plurality of brackets are arranged between the bottom of the cooling outer pipe and the top of the uppermost horizontal section of the condensing pipe of the heat exchange unit at intervals.
Further, the connection mode of the cooling outer pipe, the water distribution groove and the water distribution microporous plate between two adjacent heat exchange units is replaced by: a water distribution groove is arranged above the cooling outer pipe, water distribution micro-porous plates are arranged on two sides of the water distribution groove, the lower ends of the water distribution micro-porous plates are connected with the pipe wall of the cooling outer pipe, and the upper ends of the water distribution micro-porous plates are connected with the pipe wall of the horizontal section of the bottommost condensing pipe of the heat exchange unit positioned on the upper side; the bottom of the cooling outer pipe is connected with the top of the horizontal section of the uppermost condensing pipe in the heat exchange unit; the plurality of brackets are arranged between the top of the cooling outer pipe and the bottom of the horizontal section of the lowest condensation pipe of the heat exchange unit on the upper side at intervals.
Further, the connection mode of the cooling outer pipe, the water distribution groove and the water distribution microporous plate between two adjacent heat exchange units can be replaced by: a water distribution groove is arranged between the horizontal section of the lowest condenser pipe of the heat exchange unit at the upper side and the horizontal section of the highest condenser pipe of the heat exchange unit at the lower side, water distribution micro-porous plates are arranged at two sides of the water distribution groove, the lower ends of the water distribution micro-porous plates are connected with the pipe wall of the horizontal section of the highest condenser pipe of the heat exchange unit at the lower side, and the upper ends of the water distribution micro-porous plates are connected with the pipe wall of the horizontal section of the lowest condenser pipe of the heat exchange unit at the upper; the cooling outer pipe penetrates through the water distribution tank.
Furthermore, the top of the cooling outer pipe is connected with the bottom of the horizontal section of the condenser pipe at the lowest side of the heat exchange unit at the upper side, and a distance is reserved between the top of the cooling outer pipe and the horizontal section of the condenser pipe at the highest side of the heat exchange unit; and the plurality of brackets are arranged between the bottom of the cooling outer pipe and the top of the uppermost horizontal section of the condensing pipe of the heat exchange unit to which the cooling outer pipe belongs at intervals.
Furthermore, the bottom of the cooling outer pipe is connected with the top of the horizontal section of the uppermost condensing pipe of the heat exchange unit and is spaced from the horizontal section of the lowermost condensing pipe of the heat exchange unit positioned at the upper side; the plurality of brackets are arranged between the top of the cooling outer pipe and the bottom of the horizontal section of the lowest condensation pipe of the heat exchange unit on the upper side at intervals.
Furthermore, in two adjacent heat exchange units, the number of the horizontal sections of the condensing tubes in the heat exchange unit positioned on the lower side is smaller than that of the horizontal sections of the condensing tubes in the heat exchange unit positioned on the upper side, so that the heat exchange areas of the evaporation heat exchange surfaces of the plurality of heat exchange units are gradually decreased from top to bottom; the number of the water outlet holes of the cooling outer pipe in the heat exchange unit on the lower side is smaller than that of the water outlet holes of the cooling outer pipe on the upper side, and the water distribution requirement of the evaporation heat exchange surface corresponding to the heat exchange area is met.
Further, the evaporative cooling heat exchanger comprises a plurality of heat exchange plates; the plurality of heat exchange plates are arranged at intervals along the direction vertical to the evaporation heat exchange surface; the top end of the refrigerant heat exchange channel of the heat exchange plate is provided with a refrigerant steam inlet, and the bottom end of the refrigerant heat exchange channel is provided with a refrigerant liquid outlet; one end of the cooling outer pipe of the heat exchange plate is provided with an outer cooling water inlet; two ends of the cooling inner pipe respectively penetrate out of the refrigerant heat exchange channel, the bottom end of the cooling inner pipe is provided with an inner cooling water inlet, and the top end of the cooling inner pipe is provided with an inner cooling water outlet; refrigerant steam inlets of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected with a refrigerant steam collecting pipe, refrigerant liquid outlets of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected with a refrigerant liquid collecting pipe, and external cooling water inlets of cooling outer pipes of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected with an external cooling water inlet flow dividing pipe; the external cooling water inlet flow dividing pipe is also connected with a cooling main pipe; the inner cooling water inlets of the plurality of cooling inner pipes are connected with inner cooling water inlet flow dividing pipes, and the inner cooling water outlets are connected with inner cooling water outlet collecting pipes; the internal cooling effluent collecting pipe is communicated with the cooling header pipe.
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses a cascade evaporation condensation heat exchanger has following advantage:
the heat exchange of the refrigerant is increased by utilizing two heat exchange surfaces of an inner pipe and an outer pipe; the same heat exchanger realizes two heat exchange modes of water-cooling heat exchange and evaporative cooling heat exchange at the same time, secondary heat exchange of cooling water and a refrigerant achieves a cascade heat exchange effect, the heat exchange efficiency can be greatly improved, and the volume of the heat exchanger is reduced;
secondly, a water distribution groove formed by the cooling outer pipe, the condenser pipe and the water distribution microporous plate is in integrated seamless butt joint with the heat exchange plate surface, cooling water fully extends on the heat exchange plate surface under the combined action of surface tension by virtue of gravity flow of the cooling water to obtain a thin and uniform water film, and a water curtain type water distribution effect is formed, so that the evaporation efficiency is improved; free water is not generated, and the phenomena of water flying and water floating can be avoided to the maximum extent;
thirdly, due to the design that no gap exists between the condenser pipes, the formed concave-convex fluctuated heat exchange plate surface expands the heat exchange area, the formed water film is complete, the evaporation surface is continuous, the heat exchange device belongs to a continuous heat exchange mode, and the evaporation amount of the intermittent heat exchange cooling water is larger than that of the intermittent heat exchange cooling water of the tubular evaporative condenser adopting a row (or a plate) tube type; the flow leakage time of the cooling water on the plate surface can be prolonged, the flow speed and the flow direction of the cooling water between the concave surface and the convex surface are continuously changed, the turbulent flow forms disturbance effect on the cooling water film, the heat exchange coefficient of the evaporation surface is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved;
fourthly, a sectional design of a plurality of heat exchange units is adopted, each heat exchange plate is divided into a plurality of independent evaporation cooling heat exchange units by the water distribution groove, and each heat exchange unit only needs to ensure the minimum water spraying amount of the unit, so that a water film distributed on the surface of the condensation heat exchange plate is thin enough, and the evaporation of cooling water are facilitated; the sectional spraying unit type design not only keeps the integrity of the water film of the whole layout, but also ensures that each heat exchange unit has the least water spraying and the thinnest water film; the heat exchange units in the heat exchange plate are arranged in a stepped and descending manner from top to bottom, and the number of water distribution holes of the cooling outer pipe in each heat exchange unit is also reduced; the unit is ensured to have minimum water spraying, the heat exchange units positioned at the upper side are prevented from accumulating unvaporized cooling water to the heat exchange units positioned at the lower side, and the uniform and thin water film of each cooling unit is ensured;
fifthly, due to the design of the concave-convex fluctuant heat exchange plate surface, the evaporation heat exchange surface has no heat exchange dead angle, the water flow of the whole heat exchange surface is stable, and scaling is not easy to occur, and the evaporation surface is of an integral structure;
sixthly, the plurality of heat exchange plates are arranged at intervals along the direction vertical to the evaporation heat exchange surface, and enough gaps are kept among the heat exchange plates to form a channel convenient for air circulation and also convenient to clean;
seventhly, the cooling water is distributed by means of self gravity, spraying noise cannot be generated, water consumption is low, the power of the matched fan can be reduced, and the noise is further reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat exchange unit of a cascade evaporative condensing heat exchanger according to a first embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a water distribution microporous plate in a heat exchange unit of a cascade evaporative condensation heat exchanger according to the first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a heat exchange plate of a cascade evaporative condensing heat exchanger according to the second embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a heat exchange plate of a cascade evaporative condensing heat exchanger according to the second embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a water distribution tank structure between two adjacent heat exchange units of a cascade evaporative condensing heat exchanger according to the second embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a water distribution tank structure between two adjacent heat exchange units of a cascade evaporative condensing heat exchanger according to a third embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a water distribution tank structure between two adjacent heat exchange units of a cascade evaporative condensing heat exchanger according to a fourth embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a water distribution tank structure between two adjacent heat exchange units of the cascade evaporative condensing heat exchanger according to the fifth embodiment;
figure 9 is a schematic view of a cascade evaporative condensing heat exchanger according to the sixth embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, which are only used for explaining the present invention and are not limited to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present embodiment provides a cascade evaporative condensation heat exchanger, which includes at least one heat exchange unit; the heat exchange unit is a plate-shaped structure formed by vertically arranging a plurality of condenser pipe horizontal sections 5, two ends of the condenser pipe horizontal sections 5 are connected through condenser pipe bending sections 14 to form at least one refrigerant heat exchange channel, and two surfaces of the plate-shaped structure form evaporation heat exchange surfaces; a cooling outer pipe 3 is also arranged above the horizontal section 5 of the uppermost condensing pipe; a water distribution groove 1 is also arranged between the cooling outer pipe 3 and the uppermost horizontal section 5 of the condensing pipe; both sides of the water distribution tank 1 are provided with water distribution micro-porous plates 2; the upper end of the water distribution microporous plate 2 is connected with the pipe wall of the cooling outer pipe 3, and the lower end is connected with the pipe wall of the horizontal section 5 of the uppermost condensing pipe, so that the water distribution tank 1 is fixed between the cooling outer pipe 3 and the heat exchange unit in an embedded manner to form an integrated structure; the cooling outer pipe 3 is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes 4 which are communicated with the water distribution tank 1 and used for uniformly injecting water into the water distribution tank 1; the water distribution tank 1 is used for uniformly distributing water injected into the cooling outer pipe 3 on an evaporation heat exchange plate surface through a water distribution microporous plate to form a water curtain to exchange heat with a refrigerant at the outer side of a refrigerant heat exchange channel; and a cooling inner pipe 7 is arranged in the refrigerant heat exchange channel in a penetrating manner and used for exchanging heat with the refrigerant at the inner side of the refrigerant heat exchange channel through the water of the cooling inner pipe 7.
The cascade evaporation-condensation heat exchanger of the embodiment adopts an inner sleeve single tube S-shaped coiling mode, the circle centers of the cross sections of the straight tube sections are on the same straight line (vertically arranged), and the minimum distance is kept between the adjacent heat exchange tubes to form a heat exchange plane whole body, namely a plate surface structure, which comprises the straight tube sections and the bent tube sections. The uppermost end of the surface of the heat exchanger is provided with a cooling outer pipe which is parallel to the heat exchange pipe and has the same pipe diameter, and the lower end of the wall of the cooling outer pipe is provided with water outlet holes which are densely arranged. A certain distance is kept between the cooling outer pipe and the heat exchange pipe, a water distribution microporous plate is fixed between the two pipes along the tangential direction of the cooling outer pipe and the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe to form a water distribution tank, and sealing plates are arranged at two ends of the water distribution tank; the water distribution tank forms an invisible water distributor which is integrated with the whole heat exchange surface and consists of a cooling outer pipe, an adjacent condensation pipe and a water distribution microporous plate. The water distribution tank and the heat exchange tubes arranged at the lower end of the water tank in sequence form a heat exchange unit. Through the design, a refrigerant heat exchange channel is formed between the inner wall of the condensing tube and the outer wall of the cooling inner tube, a first heat exchange channel of cooling water is formed in the cooling inner tube, and a second heat exchange channel for evaporating the cooling water is formed on a heat exchange plate surface where the outer wall of the condensing tube is located; the refrigerant heat exchange channel is provided with an inner heat exchange surface and an outer heat exchange surface.
The cascade evaporation and condensation heat exchanger of the embodiment is divided into two heat exchange processes: the first heat exchange process is a heat transfer process of water and a refrigerant, which is a traditional shell-and-tube heat transfer process, and heat is transferred to a refrigerant medium on the outer side of the cooling inner tube in a closed space through the tube wall of the cooling inner tube; the second heat exchange process is an evaporation cooling heat exchange process, cooling water heated by heat exchange in the first heat exchange process enters the cooling outer pipe, the cooling water overflows through the water distribution tank and is uniformly distributed on the whole heat exchange surface, a refrigerant in the pipe transfers heat to the cooling water through the heat exchange plate surface, the cooling water evaporates to generate supersaturated steam, the supersaturated steam is discharged into the atmosphere under the action of the fan, the heat exchange is an evaporation cooling heat exchange mode, the whole heat exchange process is carried out in an open space under normal pressure, and the refrigerant and the cooling water outside the pipe and in the inner pipe can be fully condensed by heat exchange at the same time.
In the cascade evaporative condensation heat exchanger of the embodiment, the cooling outer pipe, the adjacent condensing pipes with a certain distance and the water distribution microporous plate vertically tangent to the outer walls of the two adjacent pipes form an embedded and hidden water distribution tank. After the cooling water is conveyed to the cooling outer pipe, as the cooling outer pipe is provided with a plurality of rows of water outlet holes, the cooling water is uniformly sprayed in the whole water distribution tank. The air pressure in the water distribution tank is equal to the external atmospheric pressure, and the cooling water keeps a pressure equalizing state under the dual actions of gravity and atmospheric pressure; the cooling water can flow down under self gravity and flow uniformly distributed on the evaporation heat exchange plate surface through the water distribution microporous plate, and a thin-layer water curtain (water curtain) from top to bottom is formed. Due to the surface tension of water, cooling water is continuously and directly adhered to the whole evaporation heat exchange plate surface without gaps, and a water film is fully extended, thin and uniform, so that the evaporation efficiency is improved; free water is not generated, and the phenomena of water flying and water floating can be avoided to the maximum extent.
The processing method of the water distribution tank 1 in the cascade evaporative condensing heat exchanger of the embodiment is as follows: the water distribution microporous plate can be directly welded between the arranged cooling outer pipes and the arranged condensing pipes, and the two ends of the water distribution groove in the length direction are sealed by the sealing plates to form an integral structure; the material of the water distribution microporous plate can be copper, aluminum, stainless steel, alloy or other metal materials which are convenient for making a net or opening holes; the water level in the water distribution tank is controlled by controlling the water inflow of the cooling outer pipe, so that the supply amount of cooling water is the lowest without surplus under the premise of ensuring sufficient water spraying at the bottom end of the heat exchange unit, and the aim of accurate water distribution is fulfilled; and because the cooling water and the refrigerant carry out twice heat exchange, the carrying capacity of the cooling water heat exchange is greatly improved, the cooling water circulation is reduced, the volume of a water tank for supplying the cooling water is reduced, and the miniaturization of a unit adopting the heat exchanger is facilitated.
In the cascade evaporation-condensation heat exchanger of the embodiment, two adjacent horizontal sections 5 of the plurality of horizontal sections 5 of the condensation tubes vertically arranged in the plate-shaped structure are connected without a gap (that is, the minimum distance is kept between the adjacent heat exchange tubes), so that the evaporation heat exchange surface has continuity and is in a concave-convex shape; a bracket 6 is also arranged in the water distribution tank 1 between the cooling outer pipe 3 and the horizontal section 5 of the condensing pipe; the condensing tube outer wall forms a complete and continuous heat exchange plate surface, and an M-shaped concave-convex interphase curved surface structure (concave-convex wavy shape) formed on the condensing tube outer wall increases the heat exchange area and has higher heat exchange quantity; the M-shaped concave-convex interphase curved surface can prolong the drainage time of cooling water on the plate surface, the flow speed and the flow direction of the cooling water between the concave-convex surface are continuously changed, the turbulent flow forms a disturbance effect on a cooling water film, the heat exchange coefficient of an evaporation surface is increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.
Example two
As shown in fig. 3 to fig. 5, the cascade evaporative condensation heat exchanger according to the present embodiment includes a heat exchange plate, where the heat exchange plate includes a plurality of heat exchange units according to the first embodiment; the heat exchange units are vertically arranged, and two adjacent heat exchange units are connected through the bent sections 14 of the condensation pipes, so that the respective refrigerant heat exchange channels are correspondingly communicated. The connection mode of the cooling outer tube 3, the water distribution groove 1 and the water distribution microporous plate 2 between two adjacent heat exchange units is as follows: a water distribution tank 1 is arranged between the lowest condenser pipe horizontal section 5 of the upper heat exchange unit and the highest condenser pipe horizontal section 5 of the lower heat exchange unit, water distribution micro-porous plates 2 are arranged on two sides of the water distribution tank 1, the lower ends of the water distribution micro-porous plates 2 are connected with the pipe walls of the highest condenser pipe horizontal section 5 of the lower heat exchange unit, and the upper ends of the water distribution micro-porous plates are connected with the pipe walls of the lowest condenser pipe horizontal section 5 of the upper heat exchange unit; the cooling outer tube 3 is arranged in the water distribution tank 1 in a penetrating mode. The bottom of the cooling outer pipe 3 is connected with the top of the uppermost horizontal section 5 of the condenser pipe of the heat exchange unit to which the cooling outer pipe belongs, and a distance is reserved between the bottom of the cooling outer pipe and the lowermost horizontal section 5 of the condenser pipe of the heat exchange unit positioned on the upper side; a plurality of said brackets 6 are arranged at intervals between the top of the cooling outer tube 3 and the bottom of the lowest horizontal section 5 of the condenser tube of the heat exchange unit located at the upper side.
In the cascade evaporation and condensation heat exchanger of this embodiment, the outer diameter of the cooling outer tube between two adjacent heat exchange units is smaller than the outer diameter of the condensation tube.
In the cascade evaporative condensation heat exchanger of this embodiment, a refrigerant vapor inlet is disposed at the top end of a refrigerant heat exchange channel of the heat exchange plate, and a refrigerant liquid outlet is disposed at the bottom end of the refrigerant heat exchange channel; one end of the cooling outer pipe 3 of the heat exchange plate is provided with an outer cooling water inlet; two ends of the cooling inner pipe 7 respectively penetrate out of the refrigerant heat exchange channel, the bottom end of the cooling inner pipe is provided with an inner cooling water inlet, and the top end of the cooling inner pipe is provided with an inner cooling water outlet; the refrigerant steam inlet is connected with a refrigerant steam collecting pipe 8, the refrigerant liquid outlet is connected with a refrigerant liquid collecting pipe 9, and the external cooling water inlet of the cooling outer pipe 3 is connected with an external cooling water inlet flow dividing pipe 10; the external cooling water inlet shunt pipe 10 is also connected with a cooling main pipe 11; an inner cooling water inlet of the cooling inner pipe 7 is connected with an inner cooling water inlet shunt pipe 12, and an inner cooling water outlet is connected with an inner cooling water outlet header pipe 13; the internal cooling outlet water collection header 13 communicates with the cooling header 11.
In the cascade evaporative condensation heat exchanger of this embodiment, cooling water enters from an inner cooling water inlet of a cooling inner tube through an inner cooling water inlet flow dividing tube and flows in the cooling inner tube from bottom to top, and refrigerant steam enters from a refrigerant steam inlet and flows in a refrigerant heat exchange channel from top to bottom to form primary heat exchange of the cooling water. The temperature of the refrigerant is gradually reduced in the process of flowing downwards, and the temperature of the cooling water moving upwards is gradually increased. The cooling water flows out from the inner cooling water outlet, enters the inner cooling water collecting pipe, then enters the cooling header pipe, is guided into the outer cooling water inlet flow dividing pipe by the cooling header pipe, enters the cooling outer pipe by the outer cooling water inlet, then enters the water distribution groove through the water outlet hole of the cooling outer pipe, forms a water film convenient for evaporation on the surface of the heat exchange plate after being uniformly distributed by the water distribution groove, carries out secondary heat exchange on the cooling water and the refrigerant of the refrigerant heat exchange channel, then is vaporized and evaporated to take away more heat, and the temperature of the refrigerant in the pipe is further reduced.
In the cascade evaporation and condensation heat exchanger of the embodiment, in two adjacent heat exchange units, the number of the horizontal sections 5 of the condensing tubes in the heat exchange unit at the lower side is smaller than that of the horizontal sections 5 of the condensing tubes in the heat exchange unit at the upper side, so that the heat exchange areas of the evaporation heat exchange surfaces of the heat exchange units are gradually decreased from top to bottom; the quantity of the water outlets 4 of the cooling outer pipe 3 positioned in the heat exchange unit at the lower side is smaller than the quantity of the water outlets 4 of the cooling outer pipe 3 positioned at the upper side (the distance between the water outlets along the length direction of the cooling outer pipe is increased), and the water distribution requirement of the evaporation heat exchange surface corresponding to the heat exchange area is met.
In the cascade evaporation condensing heat exchanger of this embodiment, adopt the sectional type design of a plurality of heat transfer units, the water distribution groove divide into a plurality of independent evaporation cooling's heat transfer unit with every heat transfer board, and every heat transfer unit only needs to guarantee this unit minimum and drenches the water yield, makes to distribute in condensation heat transfer board face water film enough thin, the cooling water vaporization of being convenient for.
In the cascade evaporation and condensation heat exchanger of the embodiment, the refrigerant is cooled layer by layer from top to bottom in the refrigerant condensation channel, the upper side is a high-temperature area, the evaporation capacity is large, and the area of the evaporation and heat exchange surface on the upper side is correspondingly large and provides sufficient water distribution capacity; the lower side is a low-temperature area, the evaporation capacity is relatively reduced, and the area of an evaporation heat exchange surface and the water distribution capacity are correspondingly reduced (the number of holes for cooling the outer pipe is reduced layer by layer); the degressive design mode can fully utilize the advantages of sectional type design, can ensure that the corresponding heat exchange units are fully distributed with water, can also ensure that the water distribution quantity of the heat exchange units is minimum, and prevents the unvaporized cooling water of the heat exchange units positioned at the upper side from accumulating to the heat exchange units positioned at the lower side; ensure that the water films of the heat exchange units are uniform and thin, and save more water.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 6, the difference between the cascade evaporative condensing heat exchanger of the present embodiment and the second embodiment is that: the top of the cooling outer pipe 3 is connected with the bottom of the condenser pipe horizontal section 5 at the lowest side of the heat exchange unit at the upper side, and a distance is reserved between the top of the cooling outer pipe and the condenser pipe horizontal section 5 at the highest side of the heat exchange unit; the plurality of brackets 6 are arranged between the bottom of the cooling outer tube 3 and the top of the uppermost horizontal section 5 of the condensing tube of the heat exchange unit to which the cooling outer tube 3 belongs at intervals.
Example four
As shown in fig. 7, the difference between the cascade evaporative condensing heat exchanger of the present embodiment and the second embodiment is that: the outer diameter of the cooling outer pipe 3 between two adjacent heat exchange units is consistent with that of the condensation pipe. The connection mode of the cooling outer pipe 3, the water distribution tank 1 and the water distribution microporous plate 2 is the same as that of the water distribution tank in the first embodiment; in addition, the top of the cooling outer pipe 3 in the heat exchange unit positioned at the lower side in the two adjacent heat exchange units is connected with the bottom of the horizontal section 5 of the condensation pipe positioned at the lowest side of the heat exchange unit positioned at the upper side; a plurality of the brackets 6 are arranged between the bottom of the cooling outer pipe 3 and the top of the uppermost horizontal section 5 of the condensing pipe of the heat exchange unit at intervals.
EXAMPLE five
As shown in fig. 8, the difference between the cascade evaporative condensing heat exchanger of the present embodiment and the fourth embodiment is that: the connection mode of the cooling outer pipe 3, the water distribution tank 1 and the water distribution microporous plate 2 is as follows: a water distribution tank 1 is arranged above the cooling outer pipe 3, water distribution micro-porous plates 2 are arranged on two sides of the water distribution tank 1, the lower ends of the water distribution micro-porous plates 2 are connected with the pipe wall of the cooling outer pipe 3, and the upper ends of the water distribution micro-porous plates are connected with the pipe wall of the horizontal section 5 of the lowest condensing pipe of the heat exchange unit positioned on the upper side; the bottom of the cooling outer pipe 3 is connected with the top of the uppermost horizontal section 5 of the condensing pipe in the heat exchange unit; a plurality of said brackets 6 are arranged at intervals between the top of the cooling outer tube 3 and the bottom of the lowest horizontal section 5 of the condenser tube of the heat exchange unit located at the upper side.
EXAMPLE six
As shown in fig. 9, the cascade evaporative condensation heat exchanger of the present embodiment includes a plurality of heat exchange plates; the plurality of heat exchange plates are arranged at intervals along the direction vertical to the evaporation heat exchange surface. A plurality of heat exchange plates share a cooling manifold.
The above-mentioned embodiments should not limit the present invention in any way, and all the technical solutions obtained by adopting equivalent replacement or equivalent conversion fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A cascade evaporation condensing heat exchanger which is characterized in that: the heat exchanger comprises at least one heat exchange plate, wherein the heat exchange plate comprises at least one heat exchange unit; the heat exchange unit is of a plate-shaped structure formed by vertically arranging a plurality of horizontal sections of the condensation pipes, two ends of the horizontal sections of the condensation pipes are connected through bent sections of the condensation pipes to form at least one refrigerant heat exchange channel, and two surfaces of the plate-shaped structure form evaporation heat exchange surfaces; a cooling outer pipe is arranged above the horizontal section of the uppermost condensing pipe; a water distribution groove is also arranged between the cooling outer pipe and the horizontal section of the uppermost condensing pipe; both sides of the water distribution tank are provided with water distribution microporous plates; the upper end of the water distribution microporous plate is connected with the pipe wall of the cooling outer pipe, and the lower end of the water distribution microporous plate is connected with the pipe wall of the horizontal section of the uppermost condensing pipe, so that the water distribution tank is fixed between the cooling outer pipe and the heat exchange unit in an embedded manner to form an integral structure; the cooling outer pipe is provided with a plurality of water outlet holes which are communicated with the water distribution tank and used for uniformly injecting water into the water distribution tank; the water distribution groove is used for uniformly distributing water injected by the cooling outer pipe on the evaporation heat exchange plate surface through the water distribution microporous plate to form a water curtain to exchange heat with the refrigerant at the outer side of the refrigerant heat exchange channel; and a cooling inner pipe is arranged in the refrigerant heat exchange channel in a penetrating manner and is used for exchanging heat with the refrigerant at the inner side of the refrigerant heat exchange channel through water passing through the cooling inner pipe.
2. The cascade evaporative condensing heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein: the horizontal sections of two adjacent condensing tubes in the horizontal sections of the plurality of condensing tubes vertically arranged in the plate-shaped structure are connected without gaps, so that the evaporation heat exchange surface has continuity and is in a concave-convex shape; and a bracket is arranged between the cooling outer pipe and the horizontal section of the condensing pipe in the water distribution tank.
3. The cascade evaporative condensing heat exchanger of claim 2, wherein: the heat exchange plate comprises a plurality of heat exchange units; the heat exchange units are vertically arranged, and two adjacent heat exchange units are connected through bent sections of the condensing pipes, so that respective refrigerant heat exchange channels are correspondingly communicated.
4. A cascade evaporative condensing heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized by: the top of the cooling outer pipe in the heat exchange unit positioned at the lower side in the two adjacent heat exchange units is connected with the bottom of the horizontal section of the condensation pipe positioned at the lowest side of the heat exchange unit positioned at the upper side; and the plurality of brackets are arranged between the bottom of the cooling outer pipe and the top of the uppermost horizontal section of the condensing pipe of the heat exchange unit at intervals.
5. A cascade evaporative condensing heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized by: the connection mode of the cooling outer pipe, the water distribution groove and the water distribution microporous plate between two adjacent heat exchange units is replaced by: a water distribution groove is arranged above the cooling outer pipe, water distribution micro-porous plates are arranged on two sides of the water distribution groove, the lower ends of the water distribution micro-porous plates are connected with the pipe wall of the cooling outer pipe, and the upper ends of the water distribution micro-porous plates are connected with the pipe wall of the horizontal section of the bottommost condensing pipe of the heat exchange unit positioned on the upper side; the bottom of the cooling outer pipe is connected with the top of the horizontal section of the uppermost condensing pipe in the heat exchange unit; the plurality of brackets are arranged between the top of the cooling outer pipe and the bottom of the horizontal section of the lowest condensation pipe of the heat exchange unit on the upper side at intervals.
6. A cascade evaporative condensing heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized by: the connection mode of the cooling outer pipe, the water distribution groove and the water distribution micropore plate between two adjacent heat exchange units can be replaced by: a water distribution groove is arranged between the horizontal section of the lowest condenser pipe of the heat exchange unit at the upper side and the horizontal section of the highest condenser pipe of the heat exchange unit at the lower side, water distribution micro-porous plates are arranged at two sides of the water distribution groove, the lower ends of the water distribution micro-porous plates are connected with the pipe wall of the horizontal section of the highest condenser pipe of the heat exchange unit at the lower side, and the upper ends of the water distribution micro-porous plates are connected with the pipe wall of the horizontal section of the lowest condenser pipe of the heat exchange unit at the upper; the cooling outer pipe penetrates through the water distribution tank.
7. The cascade evaporative condensing heat exchanger of claim 6, wherein: the top of the cooling outer pipe is connected with the bottom of the horizontal section of the condenser pipe at the lowest side of the heat exchange unit at the upper side, and a distance is reserved between the top of the cooling outer pipe and the horizontal section of the condenser pipe at the highest side of the heat exchange unit; and the plurality of brackets are arranged between the bottom of the cooling outer pipe and the top of the uppermost horizontal section of the condensing pipe of the heat exchange unit to which the cooling outer pipe belongs at intervals.
8. The cascade evaporative condensing heat exchanger of claim 6, wherein: the bottom of the cooling outer pipe is connected with the top of the horizontal section of the uppermost condensing pipe of the heat exchange unit to which the cooling outer pipe belongs, and a distance is reserved between the bottom of the cooling outer pipe and the horizontal section of the lowermost condensing pipe of the heat exchange unit positioned on the upper side; the plurality of brackets are arranged between the top of the cooling outer pipe and the bottom of the horizontal section of the lowest condensation pipe of the heat exchange unit on the upper side at intervals.
9. A cascade evaporative condensation heat exchanger according to any one of claims 2 to 8, wherein: in two adjacent heat exchange units, the number of the horizontal sections of the condensing tubes in the heat exchange unit at the lower side is smaller than that of the horizontal sections of the condensing tubes in the heat exchange unit at the upper side, so that the heat exchange areas of the evaporation heat exchange surfaces of the heat exchange units are gradually reduced from top to bottom; the number of the water outlet holes of the cooling outer pipe in the heat exchange unit on the lower side is smaller than that of the water outlet holes of the cooling outer pipe on the upper side, and the water distribution requirement of the evaporation heat exchange surface corresponding to the heat exchange area is met.
10. The cascade evaporative condensing heat exchanger of claim 9, wherein: the cascade evaporation and condensation heat exchanger comprises a plurality of heat exchange plates; the plurality of heat exchange plates are arranged at intervals along the direction vertical to the evaporation heat exchange surface; the top end of the refrigerant heat exchange channel of the heat exchange plate is provided with a refrigerant steam inlet, and the bottom end of the refrigerant heat exchange channel is provided with a refrigerant liquid outlet; one end of the cooling outer pipe of the heat exchange plate is provided with an outer cooling water inlet; two ends of the cooling inner pipe respectively penetrate out of the refrigerant heat exchange channel, the bottom end of the cooling inner pipe is provided with an inner cooling water inlet, and the top end of the cooling inner pipe is provided with an inner cooling water outlet; refrigerant steam inlets of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected with a refrigerant steam collecting pipe, refrigerant liquid outlets of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected with a refrigerant liquid collecting pipe, and external cooling water inlets of cooling outer pipes of the plurality of heat exchange plates are connected with an external cooling water inlet flow dividing pipe; the external cooling water inlet flow dividing pipe is also connected with a cooling main pipe; the inner cooling water inlets of the plurality of cooling inner pipes are connected with inner cooling water inlet flow dividing pipes, and the inner cooling water outlets are connected with inner cooling water outlet collecting pipes; the internal cooling effluent collecting pipe is communicated with the cooling header pipe.
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| CN202020786628.XU CN212409457U (en) | 2020-05-13 | 2020-05-13 | Cascade evaporation condensation heat exchanger |
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| CN202020786628.XU CN212409457U (en) | 2020-05-13 | 2020-05-13 | Cascade evaporation condensation heat exchanger |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2021228101A1 (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2021-11-18 | 瀚润联合高科技发展（北京）有限公司 | Cascade evaporation-condensation heat exchanger |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021228101A1 (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2021-11-18 | 瀚润联合高科技发展（北京）有限公司 | Cascade evaporation-condensation heat exchanger |
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