CN212408688U - Lining structure in alkylation waste acid regenerating unit - Google Patents
Lining structure in alkylation waste acid regenerating unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN212408688U CN212408688U CN202021444140.5U CN202021444140U CN212408688U CN 212408688 U CN212408688 U CN 212408688U CN 202021444140 U CN202021444140 U CN 202021444140U CN 212408688 U CN212408688 U CN 212408688U
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Abstract
The invention provides a lining structure in an alkylation waste acid regeneration device, which comprises a first acid-resistant working lining, a high-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer, a first medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer, a first low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer, a first acid-resistant coating layer, an anti-scalding grid, a first external heat-preservation rock wool layer, a second acid-resistant working lining, a second medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer, a second low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer, a second acid-resistant coating layer, a second external heat-preservation rock wool layer, a third acid-resistant working lining and a third medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layerA coating, a third low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer and a third acid-resistant coating layer. The invention ensures that the operating temperature of the hearth is not less than 1050 ℃, and the medium in the furnace contains high-concentration SO2Under the condition, casing steel sheet controlled temperature is less than 350 ℃, and still can prevent dew point corrosion when casing steel sheet controlled temperature is less than 250 ℃, prevent scalding the setting of grid and can also guarantee that outer heat preservation metal protection temperature is not more than 75 ℃ and satisfies and prevent scalding the requirement simultaneously.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of chemical equipment, in particular to a lining structure in an alkylation waste acid regeneration device.
Background
Alkylation reaction is widely applied to a plurality of chemical production processes as an important synthesis means. The sulfuric acid alkylation is a processing process of using isobutane and butene in a C4 component separated from liquid hydrocarbon subjected to catalytic cracking through gas rectification as raw materials, using 89-98% sulfuric acid as a catalyst, and performing liquid-phase reaction at low temperature to generate a high-octane gasoline component, namely alkylate oil. The regeneration process of waste alkylated sulfuric acid is that the waste acid with concentration of 89-90% is passed through waste acid cracking furnace, and passed through incineration cracking, oxidation and absorption to convert it into 98-99.2% sulfuric acid, and said sulfuric acid can be returned into equipment to be used as alkylation catalyst for cyclic use.
16 million tons/year alkylation project 1.5 million tons for China Petroleum Ningxia petrochemical Co LtdThe waste acid regenerating device adopts the technology of Austrian PandP company, the incinerator is in a vertical positive U-shaped structure and is divided into a cylindrical combustion chamber and a rectangular heat exchange chamber, and the bottom flues of the two chambers are connected. The burner is positioned at the top of the vertical cylindrical combustion chamber, and hot flue gas flows from the combustion chamber to the heat exchange chamber through the bottom flue, passes through the two groups of molten salt heat exchangers and then flows out of the incinerator through the upper part of the heat exchange. The technology of PandP company is characterized in that a fused salt heat exchanger is arranged in an incinerator, the fused salt has the advantages of wide liquid temperature range, low viscosity, good fluidity, small vapor pressure, low requirement on the pressure bearing capacity of pipelines, large relative density, high specific heat, strong heat storage capacity, low cost and the like, but all pipelines adopt heat tracing to ensure that salt is always in a molten state, so the operating temperature of a hearth of the incinerator can not be lower than 1050 ℃ except for higher operating requirement, and the design temperature of a furnace lining reaches 1500 ℃. In order to ensure the long-term normal operation of the equipment, the metal operating temperature of the shell is ensured to be lower than 350 ℃, and when the metal operating temperature of the shell is lower than 250 ℃, the dew point corrosion is prevented, and the metal protection temperature of the outer heat-insulating layer is ensured to be not higher than 75 ℃. And because the medium contains a high concentration of SO after incineration2And therefore the equipment lining requirements are particularly stringent.
The total thickness of the inner linings of the Ningxia petrochemical waste acid regenerating device incinerator and the domestic existing similar incinerator is 350mm, and the lining structure of the high-temperature flue gas section from the combustion chamber to the lower part of the heat exchange chamber heat exchanger is generally as follows: the acid-resistant heavy castable with the thickness of 120mm, the light castable with the thickness of 150mm, the ceramic fiber plate with the thickness of 35mm and the nano plate with the thickness of 45mm are sequentially arranged from the fire surface to the outside, and the external heat insulation is wrapped by rock wool with the thickness of 60mm and aluminum skin with the thickness of 1 mm. In the start-up and test operation stage, the metal temperature of the shell at the local temperature measuring point exceeds the standard, and the strength of the shell is greatly influenced by long-term use of the shell when some metal temperature reaches more than 400 ℃. And can judge that there is the heat leakage condition in the overtemperature point, and the regional lining of overtemperature must have the inefficacy problem because the anchor assembly is evenly arranged, can get rid of the influence of anchor assembly to the bridge wall temperature, should be that inside lining has the fracture of penetrability.
According to analysis, the lining structure has the problems of too thin heavy layer, too many backing layers and insufficient backing strength for the micro-positive pressure furnace. The general micro-positive pressure furnace with the sufficient lining strength can bear certain pressure to ensure that the diameter of the lining does not change, only the material normally expands and contracts, and the reserved expansion joint can meet the requirement in lining construction without causing large cracks. However, if the strength of the lining is not sufficient, when the furnace is heated to expand, the diameter of the lining is increased under the influence of the positive pressure in the furnace, and the backing materials are soft materials, so that the strength is not enough to resist the outward expansion of the inner castable, in this case, the internal cracks of the castable lining are inevitably increased, permeable cracks are easily formed, when the furnace is shut down and the furnace body is contracted, the expansion of the lining materials cannot sufficiently compensate the cracks, and therefore, the cracks which are not permanently repairable are formed, and the heat leakage is inevitably caused after the furnace is operated again. In addition, the backing materials adopt 35mm ceramic fiber plates and 45mm nano plates which are assembled by plates with certain specification and size, and the plates are thick and are not made into arc-shaped plates according to the specification of the cylinder furnace, so that the construction difficulty is high, the gaps between the plates cannot be ensured, and one of the reasons for heat leakage is probably caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a waste acid regeneration device for ensuring that the incineration temperature of the incinerator is not less than 1050 ℃ and the medium in the incinerator contains high-concentration SO, aiming at the defect of heat leakage caused by the fact that the metal temperature of the shell at a local temperature measuring point reaches more than 400 ℃ in the background art2In the case of (2), the shell steel plate controls the temperature to be lower than 350 ℃, and can also prevent the lining structure in the alkylation waste acid regeneration device from dew point corrosion.
The lining structure comprises a first acid-resistant working lining, a high-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer, a first medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer, a first low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer, a first acid-resistant coating layer, an anti-scalding grid, a first outer heat-preservation rock wool layer, a second acid-resistant working lining, a second medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer, a second low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer, a second acid-resistant coating layer, a second outer heat-preservation rock wool layer, a third acid-resistant working lining, a third medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer, a third low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer and a third acid-resistant coating layer.
A burner high-temperature area is arranged in the combustion chamber corresponding to 4 meters below the burner, a U-shaped area between 500 millimeters below the heat exchanger and the burner high-temperature area is a high-temperature area, the bottom in the combustion chamber is a furnace bottom area, a first acid-resistant working lining, a high-temperature heat-insulating spraying layer, a first medium-temperature heat-insulating spraying layer, a first low-temperature heat-insulating spraying layer and a first acid-resistant coating layer are sequentially arranged on the inner side wall of a shell steel plate of the burner high-temperature area from inside to outside, a first outer heat-insulating rock wool layer is arranged on the outer side wall of the shell steel plate of the burner high-temperature area, a second acid-resistant working lining, a second medium-temperature heat-insulating spraying layer, a second low-temperature heat-insulating spraying layer and a second acid-resistant coating layer are sequentially arranged on the inner side wall of the furnace bottom area from inside to outside, a third acid-resistant working lining, a third medium-temperature heat, A third low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer and a third acid-resistant coating layer.
In one embodiment, the anti-scald device further comprises an anti-scald grid, and the anti-scald grid is arranged between a shell steel plate of the high-temperature area of the burner and the first outer heat-preservation rock wool layer.
In one embodiment, the thickness of the first acid-proof working lining is 150mm, the thickness of the high-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer is 50mm, the thickness of the first medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer is 70mm, the thickness of the first low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer is 147mm, the thickness of the first acid-proof coating layer is 3mm, the thickness of the shell steel plate of the high-temperature area of the burner is 16mm, the thickness of the anti-scalding grid is greater than or equal to 200mm, and the thickness of the first outer heat-preservation rock wool layer is 20 mm.
The thickness of the second acid-proof working lining is 150mm, the thickness of the second medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer is 120mm, the thickness of the second low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer is 147mm, the thickness of the second acid-proof coating layer is 3mm, the thickness of the shell steel plate of the high-temperature area is 16mm, and the thickness of the second outer heat-preservation rock wool layer is 20 mm.
The thickness of the third acid-resistant working lining is 150mm, the thickness of the third medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer is 120mm, the thickness of the third low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer is 147mm, the thickness of the third acid-resistant coating layer is 3mm, and the thickness of the steel plate at the bottom of the furnace in the furnace bottom area is 20 mm.
In one embodiment, the first acid-resistant working lining, the second acid-resistant working lining and the third acid-resistant working lining are all made of ZTEK85 material.
In one embodiment, the high temperature thermal insulation spray coating is made of INSLC2690LI material.
In one embodiment, the first medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer, the second medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer and the third medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer are all made of INSLC2470 material.
In one embodiment, the first low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer, the second low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer and the third low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer are all made of INSLC2025 materials.
In one embodiment, the first acid-resistant coating layer, the second acid-resistant coating layer and the third acid-resistant coating layer are all made of CWBSIL materials.
In one embodiment, the first outer heat-insulating rock wool layer and the second outer heat-insulating rock wool layer are both made of rock wool materials.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the invention ensures that the operating temperature of the hearth is not less than 1050 ℃, and the medium in the furnace contains high-concentration SO2Under the condition, casing steel sheet controlled temperature is less than 350 ℃, and still can prevent dew point corrosion when casing steel sheet controlled temperature is less than 250 ℃, prevent scalding the setting of grid and can also guarantee that outer heat preservation metal protection temperature is not more than 75 ℃ and satisfies and prevent scalding the requirement simultaneously.
1. The invention considers that the lining has enough strength to prevent heat leakage caused by penetrating cracks in the expansion and contraction process, and selects the heat-insulating spray paint (namely the high-temperature heat-insulating spray paint, the medium-temperature heat-insulating spray paint and the low-temperature heat-insulating spray paint) which has high strength, no elastic compression and high temperature resistance and is suitable for various occasions without being influenced by the shape of a furnace or a kiln as the heat-insulating lining.
2. In the invention, considering that a medium contains a large amount of acid gas, the refractory castable which does not contain calcium aluminate cement is selected as the fire facing lining, the operating temperature of a hearth is high and is not lower than 1050 ℃, and the condition of temperature fluctuation can be met in the operating process, the refractory castable with excellent thermal shock resistance is required to be used, and finally, the first acid-resistant working lining, the second acid-resistant working lining and the third acid-resistant working lining which are made of ZTEK85 materials are selected as the fire facing refractory layers, and the thickness of the fire facing layers is 150mm in order to ensure enough strength.
3. According to the invention, the light castable with good heat insulation performance is required to be used in consideration of large temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the furnace and the normal working condition from 1050 ℃ to 350 ℃, but the castable with better heat insulation effect has lower temperature resistance, and the medium castable with different temperature resistances is required to be used as a transition layer through comprehensive analysis and calculation. According to the temperature distribution condition of the hearth and the structure of the furnace body, the invention divides three areas, namely a high-temperature area of the burner, a high-temperature area and a furnace bottom area, and optimizes and adjusts the lining structure respectively.
4. Checking the low-limit low-temperature working condition, namely the operating temperature of 1050 ℃, the environmental temperature of-27.7 ℃ and the windless working condition, wherein the calculated value of the wall temperature of the shell steel plate is lower than the technological requirement of 250 ℃, dew point corrosion can occur, the operating temperature can be slightly increased, and the difficulty in control is considered.
5. In order to solve the problem that the calculated value of the outer heat-insulation protection metal layer exceeds the anti-scald temperature under the high-temperature working condition when the temperature of the metal wall of the shell does not exceed the lining structure required by the process temperature, the anti-scald grid with the thickness not less than 200mm is arranged to form an air interlayer, and the air heat resistance is large, so that the effective heat insulation and cooling effect can be achieved, the metal wall of the shell steel plate is ensured not to exceed the temperature, and meanwhile, the heat insulation effect is achieved, and the outer heat insulation requirement is met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an incinerator in an alkylation waste acid regeneration apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the lining structure of the high temperature zone of the burner of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the lining structure of the high temperature zone of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the lining structure of the hearth region of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed" on another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a lining structure in an alkylation waste acid regeneration device includes a first acid-resistant working lining 11, a high-temperature heat preservation spraying layer 12, a first medium-temperature heat preservation spraying layer 13, a first low-temperature heat preservation spraying layer 14, a first acid-resistant coating layer 15, an anti-scalding grid 17, a first external heat preservation rock wool layer 18, a second acid-resistant working lining 21, a second medium-temperature heat preservation spraying layer 22, a second low-temperature heat preservation spraying layer 23, a second acid-resistant coating layer 24, a second external heat preservation rock wool layer 26, a third acid-resistant working lining 31, a third medium-temperature heat preservation spraying layer 32, a third low-temperature heat preservation spraying layer 33, and a third acid-resistant coating layer 34.
Referring to fig. 1, a high temperature zone 1 of the burner is arranged in the combustion chamber 4 and is 4 meters below the burner. The U-shaped area between 500mm below the heat exchanger 6 and the high-temperature area 1 of the burner is a high-temperature area 2. The bottom inside the incinerator 7 is the hearth zone 3. It should be noted that: in the figure 1, the range A is a burner high-temperature area 1, the range B is a high-temperature area 2, and the range C is a furnace bottom area 3. L represents 500 mm.
As shown in fig. 2, a first acid-resistant working lining 11, a high-temperature heat-insulating spray coating layer 12, a first medium-temperature heat-insulating spray coating layer 13, a first low-temperature heat-insulating spray coating layer 14 and a first acid-resistant coating layer 15 are sequentially arranged on the inner side wall of the shell steel plate 5 of the high-temperature area 1 of the burner from inside to outside. And a first outer heat-preservation rock wool layer 18 is arranged on the outer side wall of the shell steel plate 5 of the high-temperature area 1 of the burner. Wherein, prevent scalding grid 17 and set up between the casing steel sheet 5 and the first outer heat preservation rock wool layer 18 of nozzle high temperature zone 1.
As shown in fig. 3, a second acid-proof working lining 21, a second medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer 22, a second low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer 23 and a second acid-proof coating layer 24 are sequentially arranged on the inner side wall of the shell steel plate 5 of the high-temperature region 2 from inside to outside. And a second external heat preservation rock wool layer 26 is arranged on the outer side wall of the shell steel plate 5 of the high-temperature area 2.
Referring to fig. 4, a third acid-resistant working lining 31, a third medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer 32, a third low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer 33 and a third acid-resistant coating layer 34 are sequentially arranged on the inner side wall of the furnace bottom steel plate 8 in the furnace bottom area 3 from top to bottom.
Specifically, the thickness of first acidproof work lining 11 is 150mm, the thickness of high temperature heat preservation spraying layer 12 is 50mm, the thickness of first medium temperature heat preservation spraying layer 13 is 70mm, the thickness of first low temperature heat preservation spraying layer 14 is 147mm, the thickness of first acidproof dope layer 15 is 3mm, the thickness of the casing steel sheet 5 of nozzle high temperature region 1 is 16mm, the thickness of preventing scalding grid 17 is more than or equal to 200mm, the thickness of first outer heat preservation rock wool layer 18 is 20 mm.
Specifically, the thickness of the second acid-proof working lining 21 is 150mm, the thickness of the second medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer 22 is 120mm, the thickness of the second low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer 23 is 147mm, the thickness of the second acid-proof coating layer 24 is 3mm, the thickness of the shell steel plate 5 of the high-temperature area 2 is 16mm, and the thickness of the second outer heat-preservation rock wool layer 26 is 20 mm.
Specifically, the thickness of the third acid-proof working lining 31 is 150mm, the thickness of the third medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer 32 is 120mm, the thickness of the third low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer 33 is 147mm, the thickness of the third acid-proof coating layer 34 is 3mm, and the thickness of the furnace bottom steel plate 8 in the furnace bottom area 3 is 20 mm.
Wherein, the first acid-proof working lining 11, the second acid-proof working lining 21 and the third acid-proof working lining 31 are all made of ZTEK85 material.
Wherein, the high-temperature heat-preservation spray coating 12 is made of INSLC2690LI material.
The first medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer 13, the second medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer 22 and the third medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer 32 are all made of INSLC2470 materials.
The first low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer 14, the second low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer 23 and the third low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer 33 are all made of INSLC2025 materials.
The first acid-resistant coating layer 15, the second acid-resistant coating layer 24 and the third acid-resistant coating layer 34 are all made of CWBSIL materials.
The first outer heat-preservation rock wool layer 18 and the second outer heat-preservation rock wool layer 26 are both made of rock wool materials.
According to the related standard of the lining and the anchoring scheme of a lining supplier, an anchoring part is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, and the lining is sprayed and built layer by layer according to the scheme.
Table 1 is a table of materials for the construction of the liners of the present invention.
Table 1 the lining construction materials of the present invention are as follows, and the relevant material data is provided by the united minerals (tianjin) limited:
the acid-proof working lining in table 1 comprises a first acid-proof working lining 11, a second acid-proof working lining 21 and a third acid-proof working lining 31; table 1 the medium temperature thermal insulation spray coating layer includes a first medium temperature thermal insulation spray coating layer 13, a second medium temperature thermal insulation spray coating layer 22, a third medium temperature thermal insulation spray coating layer 32; the low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layers in the table 1 comprise a first low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer 14, a second low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer 23 and a third low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer 33; the acid-resistant coating layers in table 1 include a first acid-resistant coating layer 15, a second acid-resistant coating layer 24, and a third acid-resistant coating layer 34.
Firstly, working condition analysis:
1) design conditions are as follows:
a) operating temperature: the maximum operation temperature is 1250 ℃, and the minimum operation temperature is 1050 ℃; the combustor part interlocking temperature is 1400 ℃.
b) The design requirement is as follows: the design temperature of the furnace lining is 1500 ℃; the control temperature of the shell is lower than 350 ℃, and the shell temperature is lower than 350 ℃ under the design working condition of 1400 ℃; the temperature of the wall is controlled by external heat preservation, and the temperature after the external heat preservation is less than or equal to 75 ℃.
c) Ambient temperature: the annual average temperature is 8.7 ℃; the maximum extreme temperature is 36.5 ℃; the extreme lowest temperature is-27.7 ℃; the average value of the lowest temperature in the last 10 months is-14.6 ℃.
d) Medium component (mol%): n is a radical of2：52.2％，O2：2.9％，CO2：7.5％，H2O：26.8％， SO2：10.6％。
2) The medium after incineration contains SO210.6%, SO that the refractory material is selected to have none or as little as possible of the basic oxides, such as CaO, which is often present in the refractory material, with SO2A chemical reaction occurs, resulting in the gradual spalling of the refractory.
3) The wall temperature control of the shell is mainly controlled by the highest value, which is related to the safe use of equipment, the highest use temperature is 1400 ℃, the limit environment temperature is 37 ℃, no wind is used as the limit high temperature working condition, the calculated value of the wall temperature can be less than 350 ℃, and the overtemperature cannot be caused under other working conditions.
Second, the accounting part
The main high-temperature area of the waste acid regenerating device incinerator is a part from a combustion chamber to the lower part of 500mm of a heat exchanger, and according to the structure of the incinerator body and the specific high-temperature influence condition, the accounting part is divided into the following three parts:
1. a region 4 meters below the burner in the combustion chamber is a high-temperature region of the burner;
2. the U-shaped area between 500mm below the heat exchanger and the high-temperature area of the burner is a high-temperature area (namely, the high-temperature area of the burner is removed by 500mm below the heat exchanger);
3. a hearth zone.
Third, calculating method
According to the heat transfer calculation formula of HG/T20525 and 1992, the heat transfer calculation design rule of the tubular furnace in the chemical industry is as follows:
ti-ti+1＝(δi·Q)/λi(formula 2)
Q-furnace wall Heat loss, kW/m2
Epsilon-coefficient, value 0.9
TsTemperature of the furnace wall surface, K
TaAtmospheric temperature, K
KεCoefficient, furnace top 2.1, furnace bottom 1.1, vertical wall 1.5
ti-temperature of inner wall of i-th liner, deg.C
ti+1The temperature of the inner wall of the (i + 1) th lining, namely the temperature of the outer wall of the (i) th lining, is lower than
δiThickness of the i-th liner, m
λi-i th layer of lining thermal conductivity, kW/(m.K)
Fourthly, material selection
Considering the problems of background lining materials, the thermal insulation spray coating which has high strength, no elastic compression and high temperature resistance, is not influenced by the shape of the kiln and is suitable for various occasions is determined to be adopted as the thermal insulation lining. Wherein the fire facing heavy material is not only acid resistant, but also should use refractory castable with excellent thermal shock resistance in order to adapt to the conditions of high temperature and temperature fluctuation of a hearth. The light castable of the back lining needs to use light heat-insulating materials with good heat insulation property in consideration of large internal and external temperature difference (the temperature needs to be reduced from 1050 ℃ to below 350 ℃ in operation and from 1400 ℃ to below 350 ℃ in extreme cases), but the more good heat-insulating effect is, the lower the temperature resistance is, the interface temperature is obtained through thermal analysis calculation, and the middle-quality heat insulation with different temperature resistance is also needed to be used for transition, so that the temperature of the heat-insulating lining is ensured to be lower than 350 ℃. In order to prevent dew point corrosion when the equipment is operated or started and stopped at a low temperature, a layer of 3 mm-thick acid-resistant coating material is coated on the inner side of the equipment shell. The wall temperature is controlled by adopting external heat preservation, the economical efficiency and the durability are comprehensively considered, and rock wool can be adopted.
And table 2 is a working condition accounting table of the high temperature area of the burner.
TABLE 2 working condition accounting table for high temperature zone of burner
It should be noted that: the wall temperature control of the shell steel plate is mainly based on the highest value control, and the extreme high temperature involves the safe use of equipment, namely the maximum use temperature of 1400 ℃, the extreme environment temperature of 37 ℃ and the windless extreme high temperature working condition are taken as the reference, the metal wall temperature of the shell does not exceed 350 ℃, and the excess temperature of other working conditions is not necessary.
As can be seen from Table 2, the high temperature region of the burner meets the requirement that the metal wall temperature of the shell steel plate is lower than 350 ℃ on the basis of the maximum service temperature of 1400 ℃, the ultimate environmental temperature of 37 ℃ and the windless ultimate high temperature working condition.
It can be seen from table 2 that the temperature of the external thermal insulation metal protection layer is slightly higher than the anti-scald temperature requirement (the operating temperature is 1400 ℃, the ambient temperature is 37 ℃, the temperature of the external thermal insulation metal layer is 87 ℃ higher than 75 ℃ and cannot meet the anti-scald requirement), and the operating temperature is 1250 ℃, the ambient temperature is 37 ℃, the temperature of the external thermal insulation metal layer is 83 ℃ higher than 75 ℃ and cannot meet the anti-scald requirement) under the extreme high temperature condition and the operating high temperature condition. The thickness of the outer heat preservation layer can be increased, but through calculation, after the thickness of the outer heat preservation layer is increased, the temperature of the outer heat preservation protective layer meets the requirement, but the metal temperature of the shell is far higher than 350 ℃ of the process requirement, so the scheme of increasing the thickness of the outer heat preservation layer is not feasible. The anti-scald grating is not arranged in the experiment of the table 2, the anti-scald grating is arranged between the shell steel plate of the high-temperature area of the burner and the first outer heat-preservation rock wool layer, an air layer which is not less than 200mm can be formed between the anti-scald grating and the rock wool layer, the air thermal resistance is large, an effective partition cooling effect can be achieved, the metal temperature of the shell cannot be influenced, and a certain temperature drop can be formed to meet the anti-scald requirement.
It can also be seen from table 2 that under the extreme low temperature condition (operating temperature 1050 ℃, ambient temperature-27.7 ℃), the temperature of the metal wall of the shell is lower than the minimum value 250 ℃ required by the process, however, the design of the acid-resistant coating layer of the invention can prevent dew point corrosion and ensure the safe use of the equipment.
Table 3 is a table for checking the operating conditions of the high temperature region.
TABLE 3 accounting table for working condition of high temperature zone
It should be noted that: the wall temperature of the shell is mainly controlled by the highest value, and the extreme high temperature involves the safe use of equipment, namely the metal wall temperature of the shell is lower than 350 ℃ under the working conditions that the maximum use temperature is 1400 ℃, the extreme environment temperature is 37 ℃ and no wind is generated, and the excess temperature is not required under other working conditions.
As can be seen from Table 3, the metal wall temperature of the shell steel plate in the high-temperature area is lower than 350 ℃ based on the maximum service temperature of 1400 ℃, the ultimate environmental temperature of 37 ℃ and the windless ultimate high-temperature working condition.
From Table 3, it can be seen that the limit low temperature working condition (the operating temperature is 1050 ℃ and the ambient temperature is-27.7 ℃) is checked, the metal wall temperature of the shell steel plate is lower than the minimum value of 250 ℃ required by the process, and the design of the acid-resistant coating layer can prevent dew point corrosion and ensure the safe use of equipment. The occurrence probability of the lowest extreme temperature is very low, the operation temperature is 1050 ℃, the environment temperature is-14.6 ℃, no wind is used as the operation low-temperature working condition for checking, the metal wall temperature of the shell steel plate is 252 ℃ and more than 250 ℃, and the process requirement is met.
Table 4 is a table for checking the operating conditions of the hearth zone.
TABLE 4 operating condition accounting table of hearth zone
It should be noted that: the furnace bottom is directly contacted with the cement foundation surface, and separate accounting is needed;
as can be seen from table 4: the operating temperature is 1250 ℃, the ambient temperature is 25 ℃ and no wind is taken as a reference working condition, and the operating low-temperature working condition is calculated, namely the operating temperature is 1050 ℃, the ambient temperature is-14.6 ℃ and no wind exists. The temperature of the metal wall of the shell steel plate is lower than 350 ℃ and higher than 250 ℃, and the process requirements are met.
It should be noted that: under the condition of the operating temperature of 1050 ℃, no wind is used as a reference working condition, and the low-temperature working condition of operation is calculated, namely the operating temperature of 1050 ℃, the metal wall temperature of the shell steel plate at the environmental temperature is more than 252 ℃ and more than 250 ℃, so that the process requirement is met.
Advantages and advantageous effects of the invention
1. The lining structure ensures that the metal control temperature of the shell steel plate is lower than 350 ℃ under the condition that the operating temperature of a hearth is ensured and the medium in the furnace contains high-concentration SO 2.
2. The invention selects the heat-insulating spray coating (namely the high-temperature heat-insulating spray coating layer, the medium-temperature heat-insulating spray coating layer and the low-temperature heat-insulating spray coating layer) which has high strength, no elastic compression, high temperature resistance and is suitable for various occasions without depending on the shape of the kiln as the heat-insulating lining.
3. According to the invention, the first acid-proof working lining 11, the second acid-proof working lining 21 and the third acid-proof working lining 31 made of ZTEK85 material are selected as fire facing refractory layers, and are refractory castable materials which do not contain calcium aluminate cement and have excellent thermal shock resistance, the thickness is 150mm, and sufficient strength can be ensured.
4. According to the invention, the light castable with good heat insulation performance is required to be used in consideration of large temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the furnace and the normal working condition from 1050 ℃ to 350 ℃, but the castable with better heat insulation effect has lower temperature resistance, and the medium castable with different temperature resistances is required to be used as a transition layer through comprehensive analysis and calculation. According to the temperature distribution condition of the hearth and the structure of the furnace body, the invention divides three areas, namely a high-temperature area 1 of the burner, a high-temperature area 2 and a furnace bottom area 3, and optimizes and adjusts the lining structure respectively.
5. Considering that the temperature of the shell steel plate is checked to be less than 250 ℃ under the condition of extreme low temperature, dew point corrosion is possible to occur, the first acid-resistant coating layer 15, the second acid-resistant coating layer 24 and the third acid-resistant coating layer 34 are arranged to prevent the dew point corrosion.
6. Considering that the outer heat-preservation metal layer exceeds the anti-scald temperature under the condition of extreme high temperature, the anti-scald grille 17 with the thickness not less than (namely more than or equal to) 200mm is arranged to form an air interlayer, so that the effect of separating and cooling is achieved while the metal wall temperature of the shell steel plate is ensured, and the temperature after outer heat preservation (the anti-scald grille and the outer heat-preservation rock wool layer) is not more than 75 ℃ to meet the anti-scald requirement.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express one embodiment of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A lining structure in an alkylation waste acid regeneration device is characterized by comprising a first acid-resistant working lining, a high-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer, a first medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer, a first low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer, a first acid-resistant coating layer, a first external heat-preservation rock wool layer, a second acid-resistant working lining, a second medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer, a second low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer, a second acid-resistant coating layer, a second external heat-preservation rock wool layer, a third acid-resistant working lining, a third medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer, a third low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer and a third acid-resistant coating layer;
a burner high-temperature area is arranged in the combustion chamber corresponding to 4 meters below the burner, a U-shaped area between 500 millimeters below the heat exchanger and the burner high-temperature area is a high-temperature area, the bottom in the combustion chamber is a furnace bottom area, a first acid-resistant working lining, a high-temperature heat-insulating spraying layer, a first medium-temperature heat-insulating spraying layer, a first low-temperature heat-insulating spraying layer and a first acid-resistant coating layer are sequentially arranged on the inner side wall of a shell steel plate of the burner high-temperature area from inside to outside, a first outer heat-insulating rock wool layer is arranged on the outer side wall of the shell steel plate of the burner high-temperature area, a second acid-resistant working lining, a second medium-temperature heat-insulating spraying layer, a second low-temperature heat-insulating spraying layer and a second acid-resistant coating layer are sequentially arranged on the inner side wall of the furnace bottom area from inside to outside, a third acid-resistant working lining, a third medium-temperature heat, A third low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer and a third acid-resistant coating layer.
2. The lining structure of claim 1, wherein said lining structure of said waste acid regenerator further comprises an anti-burn grid, said anti-burn grid is disposed between the shell steel plate of the high temperature zone of the burner and the first outer insulating rock wool layer.
3. The lining structure in an alkylation waste acid regeneration device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the thickness of the first acid-proof working lining is 150mm, the thickness of the high-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer is 50mm, the thickness of the first medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer is 70mm, the thickness of the first low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer is 147mm, the thickness of the first acid-proof coating layer is 3mm, the thickness of the shell steel plate of the high-temperature area of the burner is 16mm, the thickness of the anti-scalding grid is greater than or equal to 200mm, and the thickness of the first outer heat-preservation rock wool layer is 20 mm;
the thickness of the second acid-proof working lining is 150mm, the thickness of the second medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer is 120mm, the thickness of the second low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer is 147mm, the thickness of the second acid-proof coating layer is 3mm, the thickness of the shell steel plate of the high-temperature area is 16mm, and the thickness of the second outer heat-preservation rock wool layer is 20 mm;
the thickness of the third acid-resistant working lining is 150mm, the thickness of the third medium-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer is 120mm, the thickness of the third low-temperature heat-preservation spraying layer is 147mm, the thickness of the third acid-resistant coating layer is 3mm, and the thickness of the steel plate at the bottom of the furnace in the furnace bottom area is 20 mm.
4. A lining structure for an alkylated waste acid regenerating device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said first acid-resistant working lining, said second acid-resistant working lining and said third acid-resistant working lining are all made of ZTEK85 material.
5. A lining structure in an alkylation waste acid regeneration device according to claim 1, wherein said high temperature thermal spray coating is made of INSLC2690LI material.
6. The lining structure of claim 1, wherein said first, second and third medium temperature thermal spray coatings are made of INSLC2470 material.
7. The lining structure of claim 1, wherein said first, second and third low temperature thermal spray coatings are made of INSLC2025 material.
8. The lining structure of claim 1, wherein the first acid-resistant coating layer, the second acid-resistant coating layer and the third acid-resistant coating layer are made of CWBSIL.
9. The lining structure of claim 1, wherein the first and second outer thermal rock wool layers are made of rock wool.
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| CN202021444140.5U CN212408688U (en) | 2020-07-21 | 2020-07-21 | Lining structure in alkylation waste acid regenerating unit |
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