CN212389417U - Evaporator applied to waste gas energy recovery device of heavy truck - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an evaporator applied to a waste gas energy recovery device of a heavy truck, which comprises a shell and a plurality of small core bodies assembled in the shell; each small core body comprises a flat pipe, a sawtooth fin is arranged in each flat pipe, and a corrugated fin is arranged outside each flat pipe; and a smoke inlet of the evaporator is connected to an exhaust pipe of the heavy truck, waste gas flows outside the flat pipe of each small core body, a refrigerant flows inside the flat pipe of each small core body to exchange heat with the waste gas, and the treated low-temperature tail gas is discharged from an exhaust pipeline of the evaporator. The corrugated fins are adopted outside the small core flat tubes, so that the flow resistance is reduced, meanwhile, the smoke dirt is prevented from deteriorating the heat transfer performance, and the sawtooth fins are adopted inside the flat tubes and fixed inside the flat tubes, so that the heat transfer is enhanced, and the refrigerant side performance is improved; the heat transfer coefficient of the evaporator is improved, the storage capacity of the working medium is small, and the evaporator is suitable for being mounted on a vehicle.

Description

Evaporator applied to waste gas energy recovery device of heavy truck

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an evaporimeter, in particular to evaporimeter suitable for heavy truck exhaust gas energy recuperation device.

Background

With the increasing severity of the situation of energy shortage, energy conservation and emission reduction become the subject of the development of the times. For the vehicle engine, the energy effectively utilized by the vehicle engine only accounts for about one third of the total heat, and most of the energy is mainly lost in the form of exhaust emission and heat dissipation. Among various proposals for efficiently utilizing the waste heat of the engine, the ORC cycle (organic rankine cycle) is favored by researchers because of its high cycle utilization efficiency.

The engine power of the heavy truck is very large, the waste heat in the exhaust gas is higher, and the recovered heat is considerable, so that the heat recovery device has important significance for researching a matched evaporator of the exhaust gas energy recovery device of the heavy truck and the heat exchange between the exhaust gas and an ORC circulating medium.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a be applied to heavy truck exhaust energy recovery device's evaporimeter can solve the above-mentioned defect among the prior art.

The technical scheme of the utility model as follows:

an evaporator applied to a waste gas energy recovery device of a heavy truck comprises a shell and a plurality of small cores assembled in the shell, wherein each small core comprises a flat tube, sawtooth fins are arranged in the flat tubes, and corrugated fins are arranged outside the flat tubes; the evaporator is connected to an exhaust pipe of the heavy truck through an air inlet pipeline, waste gas flows outside the flat pipe of each small core body, a refrigerant flows inside the flat pipe of each small core body, and the treated low-temperature tail gas is discharged to the outside from a smoke outlet of the evaporator. The small core body smoke side adopts corrugated fins, so that the flow resistance is reduced, meanwhile, smoke dirt is prevented from deteriorating the heat transfer performance, and the refrigerant side adopts sawtooth fins and is fixed inside the flat tubes, so that the heat transfer is enhanced, and the refrigerant side performance is improved. The heat transfer coefficient of the evaporator is improved, the storage capacity of the working medium is small, and the evaporator is suitable for being mounted on a vehicle.

Preferably, the small core bodies are connected in series, so that the heat exchange area is enlarged while the volume is not increased, and the heat exchange efficiency is improved.

Preferably, two end parts of each small core body are respectively provided with a collecting pipe, every two adjacent small core bodies are connected through a bent pipe, and the bent pipes are respectively arranged on the collecting pipes of every two adjacent small core bodies. The collecting pipe can realize the even distribution of heat with the refrigerant of the last little core of flowing through, and the reentrant next little core is further heat transfer.

Preferably, the casing includes a big mainboard, big mainboard be equipped with little core quantity matching's core pilot hole, each little core is through corresponding the core pilot hole is fixed in the casing.

Preferably, an exhaust pipeline is further arranged outside the shell of the evaporator, the exhaust pipeline is connected with an exhaust pipe of the heavy truck, and a smoke outlet of the evaporator is connected to the exhaust pipeline. When heat recovery is required to be carried out on the waste gas, the waste gas of the truck enters the evaporator from the smoke inlet, and the treated waste gas is discharged from the smoke outlet and the exhaust pipeline; when heat recovery is not required, the exhaust gases are directed from the exhaust pipe of the truck into the exhaust duct for discharge.

Preferably, the exhaust system further comprises a bypass valve for controlling the direction of the tail gas, the exhaust pipeline is connected with the flue gas inlet of the evaporator through a communication pipeline, and the bypass valve is arranged on the exhaust pipeline. The trend of the waste gas in the exhaust pipe of the heavy truck can be controlled through the bypass valve, when the bypass valve is closed, the exhaust pipeline is closed, the evaporator starts to work, and the waste gas enters the evaporator from the exhaust pipe and the communication pipeline for heat exchange; when the bypass valve is opened, the passage of the communication pipeline is closed, and the waste gas directly enters the exhaust pipeline from the exhaust pipe and is discharged.

Preferably, a flow baffle plate for uniformly distributing the refrigerant is arranged in the flat tube of the small core body, a plurality of small holes are formed in the flow baffle plate, and the flow baffle plate is arranged at a preset angle with the fluid flowing direction.

Preferably, the collecting pipe is of an integrated structure, is suitable for large-batch production and can be machined by a die.

Preferably, the corrugated fins and the sawtooth fins are fixed on the flat tubes in a vacuum brazing mode. The flat pipe and the sawtooth fin are welded by adopting two welding material plates which are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the fin and are together placed into the flat pipe; the welding between the flat tube and the corrugated fin directly places the welding flux at the welding point of the outer fin and the flat tube, thereby saving the welding flux and ensuring the welding success rate.

Preferably, two clamping plates are fixed on two sides of a large main plate of the evaporator, and the clamping plates are arranged in parallel with the direction of the smoke and are perpendicular to the large main plate. Two clamp plates are used for fixing two sides of the large main plate of the evaporator, and two clamp plates are used for fixing two sides of each small core body, so that deformation of the flat tubes and the fins due to pressure bearing can be effectively reduced.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows:

compare in shell and tube (like EGR) evaporimeter, the utility model discloses a plate-fin formula, and utilize a plurality of little cores to establish ties and use, increased heat transfer area, the coefficient of heat transfer improves relatively, and overall size, weight, working medium memory space all less, are fit for on-vehicle.

Of course, it is not necessary for any particular product to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an evaporator according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is another overall structure diagram of the evaporator of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a side view of an evaporator according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a corrugated fin according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a saw-tooth fin according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a structural view of a small core body of embodiment 1 of the present invention, wherein fig. (a) is a front view of the small core body; FIG. (b) is a side view of a small core; FIG. (c) is a top view of the small core;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a header pipe according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of an evaporator and a pipeline of embodiment 1 of the present invention after assembly;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a flow baffle according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a large main board according to embodiment 1 of the present invention, wherein fig. (a) is a front view of the large main board; FIG. (b) is a side view of the large main plate; fig. c is a top view of the large main plate.

Reference numerals: a housing 1; a small core body 2; flat tubes 21; a saw-tooth fin 3; a corrugated fin 4; a large main board 5; an exhaust duct 6; a communicating duct 61; a clamping plate 7, a bypass valve 8; a flue gas inlet 10; a flue gas outlet 11; a header 22; a bent pipe 23; an exhaust pipe 100; an evaporator 110; a core body fitting hole 51; a first core 201; a second core 202; a third core 203; a fourth core 204; a fifth core 205; a refrigerant outlet 210; a refrigerant inlet 211.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are only for illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In practical applications, the improvement and adjustment made by those skilled in the art according to the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The embodiment provides an evaporator applied to an exhaust gas energy recovery device of a heavy truck, which comprises a shell 1 and a plurality of small cores 2, wherein each small core 2 is assembled in the shell 1, and refer to fig. 1-10; each small core body 2 comprises a flat pipe 21, a sawtooth fin 3 is arranged in the flat pipe 21, a corrugated fin 4 is arranged outside the flat pipe 21, and the corrugated fin 4 and the sawtooth fin 3 are respectively shown in fig. 4 and 5. The evaporator 110 comprises a smoke inlet 10 and a smoke outlet 11, the smoke inlet 10 of the evaporator 110 is connected to an exhaust pipe 100 of the heavy truck, the waste gas flows outside the flat pipe 21 of each small core 2, the refrigerant flows inside the flat pipe 21 of each small core 2, and the treated low-temperature tail gas is discharged from the smoke outlet of the evaporator 110. The flue gas side of the small core body 2 adopts the corrugated fins 4 and is fixed outside the flat pipe 21, so that the flow resistance is reduced, meanwhile, the flue gas dirt is prevented from deteriorating the heat transfer performance, and the refrigerant side adopts the sawtooth fins 3 and is fixed inside the flat pipe 21, so that the heat transfer is enhanced, and the performance of the refrigerant side is improved. The heat transfer coefficient of the evaporator 110 is improved, and the overall size, weight and working medium storage capacity are small, so that the evaporator is suitable for being mounted on a vehicle.

With continued reference to fig. 1, 6 and 7, two end portions of the small core bodies 2 are respectively provided with a collecting pipe 22, and two adjacent small core bodies 2 are connected by a bent pipe 23. The collecting pipe 22 can concentrate the refrigerant flowing through the previous small core 2 to realize uniform distribution of heat, and then the refrigerant enters the next small core 2 for further heat exchange. The bent pipe 23 is fixed on the collecting pipes 22 of two adjacent small core bodies 2, and the refrigerant enters the collecting pipe 22 at the end part after heat exchange from one small core body 2 and then flows into the collecting pipe 22 at the end part of the next small core body 2 through the bent pipe 23 for next heat exchange.

With continued reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the evaporator 110 includes five small cores 2 connected in series, namely a first core 201, a second core 202, a third core 203, a fourth core 204 and a fifth core 205, the first core 201, the second core 202, the third core 203, the fourth core 204 and the fifth core 205 are connected in series in sequence, and a bent pipe 23 is used to realize communication between two adjacent small cores 2. The serial connection mode can enlarge the heat exchange area without increasing the volume and improve the heat exchange efficiency. The end of the first core 201 is provided with a refrigerant outlet 210, and the end of the fifth core 205 is provided with a refrigerant inlet 211. The refrigerant flows in from the refrigerant inlet 211 of the fifth core 205, sequentially flows through the fourth core 204, the third core 203, the second core 202, and the first core 201, and flows out from the refrigerant outlet 210 of the first core 201, thereby completing heat exchange with the truck exhaust gas. By five small cores 2 in series, the recovery of exhaust energy of a heavy truck can be achieved and the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator 110 can be improved. In other embodiments, the number of the small cores 2 can be adjusted according to specific heat exchange requirements, and may be less than 5 or more, and the number of the small cores 2 is not used for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and is not limited herein.

Preferably, the upper end of the housing 1 includes a large main board 5, see fig. 10, the large main board 5 is provided with core assembly holes 51 matching the number of the small cores 2, each small core 2 is fixed in the housing 1 through the corresponding core assembly hole 51, the assembly between the small core 2 and the housing 1 is completed, and after the assembly, the flue gas flows outside the small core 2 and inside the housing 1 to exchange heat with the refrigerant.

Preferably, an exhaust duct 6 is arranged outside the housing 1 of the evaporator 110, see fig. 8, the exhaust duct 6 being connected to an exhaust duct 100 of a heavy truck, and the flue gas outlet 11 of the evaporator being connected to the exhaust duct 6. The exhaust gas may be discharged directly into the exhaust line 6 or may be heat exchanged into the evaporator 110. When the heat recovery of the exhaust gas is needed, the exhaust gas enters the flue gas inlet 10 of the evaporator 110 from the exhaust pipe 100 of the heavy truck, and the treated exhaust gas enters the exhaust pipeline 6 from the flue gas outlet 11 of the evaporator 110 to be discharged; when heat recovery is not required, the exhaust gases are discharged directly from the exhaust pipe 100 of the truck into the exhaust duct 6.

Preferably, a bypass valve 8 is also included for controlling the exhaust gas flow, see fig. 8, the exhaust gas duct 6 being connected to the flue gas inlet 10 of the evaporator 110 via a connecting duct 61, the bypass valve 8 being arranged on the exhaust gas duct 6. The bypass valve 8 is a three-way valve, and the direction of the exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe 100 of the heavy truck can be controlled by the bypass valve 8. When the bypass valve 8 is closed, the passage of the exhaust duct 6 is closed, the evaporator 110 starts to operate, and the exhaust gas enters the evaporator 110 from the exhaust duct 100 and the intake duct 61 to exchange heat; when the bypass valve 8 is opened, the communication passage 61 is closed, and the exhaust gas directly enters the exhaust passage 6 from the exhaust pipe 100 and is discharged.

Preferably, a flow baffle plate for uniformly distributing the refrigerant is arranged in the flat tube 21 of the small core body, referring to fig. 9, the flow baffle plate is provided with a plurality of uniformly distributed small holes, and the flow baffle plate is fixed in the flat tube 21 at a predetermined angle.

In this embodiment, the collecting pipe 22 of the small core body 2 is of an integrated structure, is suitable for mass production, and can be processed by a mold.

Preferably, the corrugated fins 4 and the serrated fins 3 are fixed to the flat tubes 21 by vacuum brazing. In order to ensure enough welding qualification rate, a stepped heating and cooling mode is adopted in the welding process, after the temperature is raised to 900 ℃, the heat is preserved for 15 minutes, the molten solder can be uniformly distributed, and the flat tube can generate thermal stress due to the secondary furnace entering welding, so that the welding success rate is not favorably improved. The flat pipe and the sawtooth fin are welded by adopting two welding material plates which are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the fin and are together placed into the flat pipe; the welding between the flat tube and the corrugated fin directly places the welding flux at the welding point of the outer fin and the flat tube, thereby saving the welding flux and ensuring the welding success rate.

Because the pressure in the flat pipe 21 is very high, 3.5MPa, in order to guarantee the security, fix with two splint 7 on the big 5 both sides of mainboard of evaporimeter 110, refer to fig. 1, 3, two splint 7 fix the both sides of each little core 2, can prevent that the flat pipe warp and lead to sawtooth fin to desolder. Splint 7 assembles in casing 1, is located big mainboard 5 both sides, and splint 7 and flue gas trend parallel arrangement are from the fixed little core 2 of the side direction of little core 2.

The design structure of the shell 1 is suitable for mass production and can be processed by a mould.

The refrigerant of the utility model is designed to be 93-96% ethanol water solution, the smoke side can resist high temperature, the refrigerant side adopts the sawtooth fins to strengthen heat transfer and resist 10MPa high pressure; the heat exchange area composed of 5 small cores has enough heat exchange effect; the process adopts a vacuum brazing mode and performs stepped temperature rise and temperature reduction to ensure enough welding success rate.

Because the working medium is an ethanol water solution, the working medium has certain danger, and a pressure test needs to be carried out on the equipment. In the test, the pressure needs to be increased to 10MPa, and the evaporator 110 can be used without leakage.

The working process of the evaporator 110 of the utility model is as follows:

flue gas side (i.e. outside flat tubes 21): the bypass valve 8 is closed, the exhaust pipeline 6 is closed, the evaporator 110 works, smoke with 0.13MPa and 357 ℃ (namely exhaust gas of a heavy truck) enters the corrugated fins of the core of the evaporator 110 from the smoke inlet 10, flows through the five small cores 2 connected in series, becomes 0.13MPa and 135.9 ℃, and is exhausted from the exhaust pipeline 6; when the bypass valve 8 is open, the communication duct 61 is closed, the evaporator 110 does not operate, and the flue gas flows directly out through the exhaust duct 6 without passing through the evaporator 110.

Refrigerant side: the ethanol water firstly enters the collecting pipe 22, is divided by the flow baffle plate and enters the flat pipe 21, the sawtooth fins are arranged in the middle of the flat pipe 21 to strengthen heat transfer, the ethanol water enters the collecting pipe 22 after heat exchange, and enters the next small core body 2 through the bent pipe 23, and the steps are repeated until the ethanol water passes through all the small core bodies 2 and finally becomes steam to flow out of the evaporator 110.

The above disclosure is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention. The preferred embodiments are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. The evaporator applied to the waste gas energy recovery device of the heavy truck is characterized by comprising a shell and a plurality of small cores assembled in the shell, wherein each small core comprises a flat pipe, sawtooth fins are arranged in the flat pipes, and corrugated fins are arranged outside the flat pipes; and a smoke inlet of the evaporator is connected to an exhaust pipe of the heavy truck, waste gas flows outside the flat pipe of each small core body, a refrigerant flows inside the flat pipe of each small core body, and the treated low-temperature tail gas is discharged from a smoke outlet of the evaporator.

2. The evaporator applied to the exhaust gas energy recovery device of the heavy truck according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of small cores are connected in series.

3. The evaporator applied to the exhaust gas energy recovery device of the heavy truck according to claim 1, wherein two end portions of each of the small core bodies are respectively provided with a collecting pipe, and two adjacent small core bodies are connected through bent pipes, and the bent pipes are respectively arranged on the collecting pipes of two adjacent small core bodies.

4. The evaporator applied to the exhaust gas energy recovery device of the heavy truck according to claim 1, wherein the housing comprises a large main plate, the large main plate is provided with a core body assembly hole matched with the number of the small core bodies, and each small core body is fixed in the housing through the corresponding core body assembly hole.

5. The evaporator applied to the exhaust gas energy recovery device of the heavy truck according to claim 1, wherein an exhaust duct is further disposed outside the housing of the evaporator, the exhaust duct is connected to an exhaust pipe of the heavy truck, and a smoke outlet of the evaporator is connected to the exhaust duct.

6. The evaporator for the energy recovery device of exhaust gas of heavy truck according to claim 5, further comprising a bypass valve for controlling the exhaust gas flow direction, wherein the exhaust duct is connected to the smoke inlet of the evaporator through a communication duct, and the bypass valve is disposed on the exhaust duct.

7. The evaporator as claimed in claim 1, wherein a baffle plate for uniformly distributing the refrigerant is disposed in the flat tube of the small core, the baffle plate having a plurality of small holes, and the baffle plate is disposed at a predetermined angle with respect to a fluid flowing direction.

8. The evaporator applied to the exhaust gas energy recovery device of the heavy truck according to claim 3, wherein the collecting pipe is of a one-piece structure.

9. The evaporator applied to the exhaust gas energy recovery device of the heavy truck according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the corrugated fins and the sawtooth fins are fixed on the flat tubes by vacuum brazing.

10. The evaporator for the exhaust gas energy recovery device of the heavy truck according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein two clamping plates are fixed on two sides of a large main plate of the evaporator, and the clamping plates are arranged in parallel with the direction of the smoke and are arranged perpendicular to the large main plate.

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