CN212375196U - Ethylene cracking furnace for light raw materials of DU-type furnace tube - Google Patents
Ethylene cracking furnace for light raw materials of DU-type furnace tube Download PDFInfo
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- CN212375196U CN212375196U CN202020384404.6U CN202020384404U CN212375196U CN 212375196 U CN212375196 U CN 212375196U CN 202020384404 U CN202020384404 U CN 202020384404U CN 212375196 U CN212375196 U CN 212375196U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a DU type boiler tube light raw materials ethylene pyrolysis furnace, including the radiation section, the radiation boiler tube more than a set of has arranged perpendicularly in the radiation section, every group radiation boiler tube includes that 7 parallel arrangement's cross section in proper order is circular shape boiler tube, and the lower extreme of alternate two boiler tubes passes through the connecting pipe to be connected in 1 st ~ 4 boiler tubes, and the upper end of alternate two boiler tubes passes through the connecting pipe to be connected in 3 rd ~ 6 boiler tubes, and the lower extreme of 5 th ~ 6 boiler tubes passes through the connecting pipe with the lower extreme of 7 th boiler tubes after the two unification sets to be connected, and the internal diameter of boiler tube satisfies: the 1 st to 4 th furnace tubes are smaller, the 5 th to 6 th furnace tubes are medium, and the 7 th furnace tube is larger; when the number of the radiation furnace tubes is more than two, the adjacent two groups of radiation furnace tubes are symmetrically arranged, the 7 th furnace tube is closest to the radiation furnace tube, and the upper ends of the radiation furnace tubes are collected into a radiation section after two-in-one. The cracking furnace of the utility model has the characteristics of higher cracking selectivity, longer operation period, large unit capacity, less fuel consumption and longer service life of the furnace tube.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of petrochemical device, a ethylene cracking device is related to, concretely relates to DU type radiation boiler tube structure is the light raw materials ethylene cracking furnace of DU type boiler tube of 2-2-2-1 type.
Background
The ethylene cracking furnace is the core equipment of an ethylene production device, the design of a radiation furnace tube is the key for determining the production scale and the cracking selectivity of the whole set of ethylene device, improving the olefin yield of cracking products and improving the adaptability to different cracking raw materials, and the operation benefit is directly determined. The structure and arrangement of the radiation furnace tube are improved, and the radiation furnace tube becomes the most core part of the technical development of the tubular cracking furnace. Since the vertical hanging vertical tube type cracking furnace was successfully developed in the 60 th century, the ethylene cracking technology has been developed greatly. At present, various ethylene cracking furnace patentees focus on the aspects of large-scale cracking furnaces, improvement of selectivity of the cracking furnaces, improvement of product yield, improvement of operation period of the cracking furnaces, improvement of operation safety of the cracking furnaces, reduction of energy consumption, reduction of construction cost of the cracking furnaces and the like. The light raw materials such as gas raw materials (for example, ethane and the like) and light hydrocarbon have the advantages of high ethylene yield, few byproducts, low equipment investment, low production energy consumption and the like, and gradually become the preferred target of cracking raw materials.
The arrangement of the radiation furnace tubes is as follows: 1) USC type cracking furnace (STONE-WEBSTER) type 1-1-1-1; 2) 2-1-1-1 type of Huishen cracking furnace; 3) 2-2-1-1 type of medium petrochemical cracking furnace; these patentees developed respective cracking furnace tube configurations, with respective characteristics, and with respective market share.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model discloses a purpose is to the characteristics of light hydrocarbon pyrolysis, solves not enough that prior art exists, provides the longer DU type boiler tube light raw materials ethylene cracking furnace of the life of cracking selectivity higher, the operation cycle longer, the unit productivity is higher, the energy consumption is less and the boiler tube.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
a DU type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace is characterized in that the light raw material mainly takes gas raw materials such as cracking liquefied gas, ethane, propane and butane as main materials, more than one group of radiation furnace tubes are vertically arranged in a radiation section, each group of radiation furnace tubes is 2-2-2-1 type radiation furnace tubes, each group of radiation furnace tubes consists of connecting tubes and 7 furnace tubes which are sequentially arranged in parallel and have round cross sections, the furnace tube which is firstly used for the light raw material is the 1 st furnace tube, the furnace tube which is finally used for the light raw material is the 7 th furnace tube, the 1 st to 2 th furnace tubes form a first pass furnace tube, the 3 rd to 4 th furnace tubes form a second pass furnace tube, the 5 th to 6 th furnace tubes form a third pass furnace tube, and the 7 th furnace tube forms a fourth;
in each group of radiant furnace tubes, the upper end of the first pass furnace tube, namely the upper ends of the 1 st to 2 th furnace tubes, is an inlet of the radiant furnace, the upper end of the fourth pass furnace tube, namely the upper end of the 7 th furnace tube, is an outlet of the radiant furnace, the lower ends of two alternate furnace tubes in the 1 st to 4 th furnace tubes are connected through a U-shaped connecting tube, the upper ends of two alternate furnace tubes in the 3 rd to 6 th furnace tubes are connected through a U-shaped connecting tube, and the lower ends of the 5 th to 6 th furnace tubes are collected by two-in-one Y-shaped connecting tubes and then connected with the lower end of the 7 th furnace tube through;
in each group of radiation furnace tubes, the inner diameter of the furnace tube meets the following requirements: the 1 st furnace tube is not more than the 2 nd furnace tube, the 3 rd furnace tube is not more than the 4 th furnace tube, the 5 th furnace tube is not more than the 6 th furnace tube, and the 7 th furnace tube is not more than the 6 th furnace tube;
when the number of the radiation furnace tubes is more than two, all the radiation furnace tubes are positioned in the center of the radiation furnace, the adjacent two groups of radiation furnace tubes are symmetrically arranged to form a module, the 7 th furnace tube in the adjacent two groups of radiation furnace tubes is closest to the radiation furnace tube, and the upper ends of the radiation furnace tubes are combined into a whole through a Y-shaped connecting pipe to form a radiation section.
The utility model solves the problems of the prior art according to the characteristics of light hydrocarbon cracking, realizes high cracking selectivity, long operation period, low energy consumption and long service life of the furnace tube, adopts a 2-2-2-1 type radiation furnace tube structure (namely, adopts a four-way furnace tube, the first to third-way furnace tubes respectively comprise 2 furnace tubes, the fourth-way comprises 1 furnace tube), the radiation furnace tube is a four-way branch reducer, the first way and the second way respectively select 2 furnace tubes with smaller inner hydrocarbon, the specific surface area of the furnace tube is increased, the cracking raw material can be rapidly heated after entering the furnace chamber, the third way selects 2 furnace tubes with larger inner diameter than the first way and the second way, the fourth way selects 1 furnace tube with larger inner diameter than the third way, the cracking gas volume can be adapted to be continuously increased, simultaneously, the large U-shaped bent connection is adopted to reduce resistance and further reduce the hydrocarbon partial pressure of the cracking reaction, the cracking selectivity is improved, thereby reducing coking in the furnace tube, realizing longer operation period of the cracking furnace, having low energy consumption, longer service life of the furnace tube and reducing the equipment cost.
As a preferred technical scheme:
as mentioned above, the inside diameter of the No. 1 furnace tube or the No. 2 furnace tube is 40-70 mm, the inside diameter of the No. 3 furnace tube or the No. 4 furnace tube is 40-70 mm, the inside diameter of the No. 5 furnace tube or the No. 6 furnace tube is 60-90 mm, and the inside diameter of the No. 7 furnace tube is 80-110 mm.
As mentioned above, the DU type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace, the horizontal center distance of two adjacent furnace tubes in the 1 st to 4 th furnace tubes is a, the horizontal center distance of two adjacent furnace tubes in the 4 th to 6 th furnace tubes is b, the horizontal center distance of the 6 th furnace tube and the 7 th furnace tube is c, the horizontal center distance of all the two adjacent furnace tubes is larger than the sum of the inner diameters of the two furnace tubes, the U-shaped connecting tube connecting the lower ends of the 1 st furnace tube and the 3 rd furnace tube is a semicircular connecting tube, the diameter of the semicircle is approximately 2a, the U-shaped connecting tube connecting the lower ends of the 2 nd furnace tube and the 4 th furnace tube is a semicircular connecting tube, the diameter of the semicircle is approximately 2a, the U-shaped connecting tube connecting the upper ends of the 3 rd furnace tube and the 5 th furnace tube is a semicircular connecting tube, the diameter of the semicircle is approximately a + b, the U-shaped connecting tube connecting the upper ends of the 4 th furnace tube and the 6 th furnace, semicircular diameter is approximately 2b, and the U-shaped connecting pipe of the lower extreme of connecting Y shape connecting pipe and 7 th boiler tube is semicircular connecting pipe, and semicircular diameter is approximately b/2+ c, the utility model discloses a great U-shaped connecting pipe of diameter reduces the resistance and falls, reduces hydrocarbon partial pressure, and boiler tube heat transfer specific surface increases about 16% to reduced equipment area, reduced cost 8% ~ 10%, compressed the equipment investment.
As mentioned above, the effective length of each furnace tube in each group of radiation furnace tubes of the DU-type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace is 8-12 m (preferably 10-12 m).
As mentioned above, in the DU type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace, the upper ends of the 1 st to 2 th furnace tubes in each group of radiation furnace tubes are provided with the venturi tube flow distributor so as to ensure the uniform feeding of each group of furnace tubes.
The DU type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace has the bottom burner arranged at the bottom of the radiation section.
As mentioned above, the DU type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace further comprises two convection sections, the number of the radiation sections is two, the convection sections are located above the two radiation sections, and a plurality of groups of convection furnace tubes are horizontally arranged in the convection sections.
The DU-type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace further comprises a quenching boiler, a high-pressure steam pocket and an induced draft fan.
The quenching boiler of the DU-type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace is a double-sleeve quenching boiler.
Has the advantages that:
(1) the radiation furnace tube in the DU-type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace of the utility model is a four-way branch reducer tube, which has large specific surface, fast heat transfer and short retention time, so that the cracking furnace can obtain longer operation period and higher productivity, and simultaneously has low energy consumption and longer service life of the furnace tube;
(2) the DU-type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace adopts the large-diameter elbow to connect the furnace tubes, thereby reducing the system resistance drop, further reducing the hydrocarbon partial pressure, being beneficial to the cracking reaction and improving the ethylene yield;
(3) the utility model discloses a DU type boiler tube light raw materials ethylene pyrolysis furnace has realized online coke cleaning, has further reduced the energy consumption, has increased the ethylene productivity to the equipment cost of reduction.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a DU-type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace of the present invention, wherein (a) is a schematic view in front and (b) is a schematic view in side;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a symmetrical "DU type" arrangement type I in the arrangement of two groups of radiant tubes in a DU type tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a symmetrical "DU type" arrangement type I in the light raw material ethylene cracking furnace with DU type furnace tubes of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of two groups of radiant tubes in a DU-type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace, which are arranged in a combined manner, namely, a symmetrical DU-type discharge type II;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of two groups of radiation furnace tubes in a DU-type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace, which are symmetrically arranged in a DU-type arrangement;
the system comprises a radiation section 1, a convection section 2, an induced draft fan 3, a quenching boiler 4 and a high-pressure steam drum 5.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Example 1
A DU type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace is shown in figure 1, and comprises a radiation section 1, a convection section 2, an induced draft fan 3, a quenching boiler 4 and a high-pressure steam drum 5;
the number of the radiation sections 1 is two, bottom burners are arranged at the bottoms of the radiation sections 1, the convection section 2 is positioned above the two radiation sections 1, and a plurality of groups of convection furnace tubes are horizontally arranged in the convection section 2;
more than two groups of radiation furnace tubes are vertically arranged in the radiation section 1, each group of radiation furnace tubes is a 2-2-2-1 type radiation furnace tube and consists of a plurality of connecting tubes and 7 furnace tubes which are sequentially arranged in parallel and have round cross sections, the furnace tube which is firstly filled with the light raw material is the 1 st furnace tube, the furnace tube which is finally filled with the light raw material is the 7 th furnace tube, and the 1 st to 2 th furnace tubes form a first-pass furnace tube (T)1) The 3 rd to 4 th furnace tubes constitute the second-pass furnace tube (T)2) The 5 th to 6 th furnace tubes constitute the third-pass furnace tube (T)3) The 7 th furnace tube forms the fourth pass furnace tube (T)4)；
In each group of radiation furnace tubes, the lower ends of two furnace tubes at intervals in 1 st to 4 th furnace tubes are connected through a U-shaped connecting pipe, the upper ends of two furnace tubes at intervals in 3 rd to 6 th furnace tubes are connected through a U-shaped connecting pipe, and the lower ends of 5 th to 6 th furnace tubes are combined into a whole through a Y-shaped connecting pipe and then connected with the lower end of a 7 th furnace tube through a U-shaped connecting pipe; the horizontal center distance of two adjacent furnace tubes in the 1 st to 4 th furnace tubes is a, the horizontal center distance of two adjacent furnace tubes in the 4 th to 6 th furnace tubes is b, the horizontal center distance of the 6 th furnace tube and the 7 th furnace tube is c, and the horizontal center distance of all the two adjacent furnace tubes is larger than the sum of the inner diameters of the two furnace tubes;
in each group of radiation furnace tubes, the inner diameter of the furnace tube meets the following requirements: the number 1 is 2, 4 < 5 < 6 < 7 < th > furnace tube, specifically, the inner diameter of the number 1, 2, 3 or 4 (furnace tube I) is 40-70 mm, the inner diameter of the number 5 or 6 (furnace tube II) is 60-90 mm, and the inner diameter of the number 7 (furnace tube III) is 80-110 mm;
the effective length of each furnace tube in each group of radiation furnace tubes is 8-12 m;
the upper ends of the 1 st to 2 th furnace tubes in each group of radiation furnace tubes are provided with venturi tube flow distributors;
as shown in fig. 2 and 3, two adjacent groups of radiant furnace tubes are symmetrically arranged, the 7 th furnace tube in the two adjacent groups of radiant furnace tubes is closest to the radiant furnace tubes, and the upper ends of the two adjacent groups of radiant furnace tubes are collected by a Y-shaped connecting tube in two-in-one mode and then discharged out of the radiant section 1;
specifically, the length, the width and the height of the cracking furnace body are 11802, 10792 and 37425 mm;
gas phase feeding enters 10 pairs of convection furnace tubes of the convection section through flow control, and each pair of convection furnace tubes enters inlet distribution pipes of a group of radiation furnace tubes through cross pipes positioned at the upper part of the cracking furnace;
the radiation furnace tubes adopt symmetrical 'DU-type' furnace tubes, the furnace tubes in the structure are four-way, the cracking furnace is provided with 10 groups of feeding materials, each group of feeding materials corresponds to 2 groups of symmetrical 'DU-type' furnace tubes, each radiation furnace is provided with 10 groups of symmetrical 'W-type' furnace tubes, and the whole furnace is provided with 20 groups of symmetrical 'DU-type' furnace tubes;
each group of radiation furnace tubes are four-way high-selectivity branched variable-diameter furnace tubes, a venturi tube flow distributor is arranged at the inlet of the first-way furnace tube, 40 venturi tubes are arranged in the whole furnace to ensure the uniform feeding of each group of furnace tubes, and every 2 of the 4 th-way furnace tubes are collected and led out from the top of the radiation furnace;
7 symmetrical DU-type furnace tubes in each group, wherein the total number of the two radiant furnaces of the whole cracking furnace is 140, the two radiant furnaces are in a vertical single-row, double-sided radiation and furnace bottom heating mode, so that the temperature field in the furnace is more uniform, the heat intensity is higher, the furnace tubes are arranged according to 2-2-2-1, and the requirements of the cracking reaction of high temperature, short residence and low hydrocarbon partial pressure can be better met by adopting small-caliber tubes;
the number of outlet furnace tubes of each radiant furnace is 20, and the outlet furnace tubes are combined two by two and then connected to an inlet distribution box of the quenching heat exchange TLE;
the design conditions of the radiant section furnace tube are as follows: the design pressure of the inlet furnace tube is 0.15MPa, the design temperature is 1050 ℃, the design pressure of the outlet furnace tube is 0.12MPa, the design temperature is 1100 ℃, and the design service life is hundred thousand hours;
a high-selectivity DU-type four-way radiation furnace tube is adopted, the residence time is short, the hydrocarbon partial pressure is low, and the specific surface area is large;
the bottom of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe of each DU-type furnace pipe is provided with a symmetrical DU-type connecting piece, the symmetrical DU-type connecting pieces enable the planes of the inlet pipe and the outlet pipe not to be subjected to any eccentric force, and can partially absorb the thermal expansion difference between the inlet pipe and the outlet, thereby slowing down the bending deformation of the radiation furnace pipe;
table 1: specific structural parameters of radiation furnace tube
Table 2: specific structural parameters of convection furnace tube
The outside of the radiation furnace tube has high temperature of about 1250 ℃, the outside of the tube has oxidation corrosion, the inside of the tube has material coking, after long-term use, obvious creep deformation can be generated, the furnace tube is locally expanded and bent, and even the furnace tube can be cracked at a local overheating position to cause fire;
the radiation furnace tube is centrifugally cast, the elbow is statically cast, the material is a combination of 25Cr-35Ni + Nb + MA (first pass, second pass) and 35Cr-45Ni + Nb + MA (third pass, fourth pass), and the requirements of high temperature and creep deformation can be well met.
Table 3: chemical composition of material of radiant furnace tube
Example 2
A DU-type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace, which is basically the same as example 1, except for the arrangement of two sets of radiant furnace tubes, as shown in fig. 4 and 5.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a DU type boiler tube light raw materials ethylene pyrolysis furnace, includes the radiation section, and the radiation section is interior to be arranged perpendicularly more than a set of radiation boiler tube, characterized by: each group of radiant furnace tubes is a 2-2-2-1 type radiant furnace tube and consists of connecting tubes and 7 furnace tubes which are sequentially arranged in parallel and have round cross sections, the furnace tube which is the first to enter the light raw material is the 1 st furnace tube, the furnace tube which enters the last is the 7 th furnace tube, the 1 st to 2 furnace tubes form the first-pass furnace tube, the 3 rd to 4 th furnace tubes form the second-pass furnace tube, the 5 th to 6 th furnace tubes form the third-pass furnace tube, and the 7 th furnace tube forms the fourth-pass furnace tube;
in each group of radiation furnace tubes, the lower ends of two furnace tubes at intervals in 1 st to 4 th furnace tubes are connected through a U-shaped connecting pipe, the upper ends of two furnace tubes at intervals in 3 rd to 6 th furnace tubes are connected through a U-shaped connecting pipe, and the lower ends of 5 th to 6 th furnace tubes are combined into a whole through a Y-shaped connecting pipe and then connected with the lower end of a 7 th furnace tube through a U-shaped connecting pipe;
in each group of radiation furnace tubes, the inner diameter of the furnace tube meets the following requirements: the 1 st furnace tube is not more than the 2 nd furnace tube, the 3 rd furnace tube is not more than the 4 th furnace tube, the 5 th furnace tube is not more than the 6 th furnace tube, and the 7 th furnace tube is not more than the 6 th furnace tube;
when more than two groups of radiation furnace tubes are arranged, the adjacent two groups of radiation furnace tubes are symmetrically arranged, the 7 th furnace tube in the adjacent two groups of radiation furnace tubes is closest to the radiation furnace tubes, and the upper ends of the radiation furnace tubes are collected by two-in-one Y-shaped connecting tubes to form a radiation section.
2. The DU type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the 1 st furnace tube or the 2 nd furnace tube is 40-70 mm, the inner diameter of the 3 rd furnace tube or the 4 th furnace tube is 40-70 mm, the inner diameter of the 5 th furnace tube or the 6 th furnace tube is 60-90 mm, and the inner diameter of the 7 th furnace tube is 80-110 mm.
3. The DU-type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the effective length of each furnace tube in each group of radiation furnace tubes is 8-12 m.
4. The DU-type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper end of the 1 st to 2 th furnace tubes in each group of radiant furnace tubes is provided with a venturi tube flow distributor.
5. The DU type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom burner is arranged at the bottom of the radiation section.
6. The ethylene cracking furnace with DU-type furnace tubes and light raw material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ethylene cracking furnace with DU-type furnace tubes and light raw material further comprises two convection sections, the number of the radiation sections is two, the convection sections are located above the two radiation sections, and a plurality of groups of convection furnace tubes are horizontally arranged in the convection sections.
7. The DU-type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace of claim 1, wherein the DU-type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace further comprises a quenching boiler, a high pressure steam drum and an induced draft fan.
8. The DU type furnace tube light raw material ethylene cracking furnace of claim 7, wherein the quenching boiler is a double-sleeve quenching boiler.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020384404.6U CN212375196U (en) | 2020-03-24 | 2020-03-24 | Ethylene cracking furnace for light raw materials of DU-type furnace tube |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020384404.6U CN212375196U (en) | 2020-03-24 | 2020-03-24 | Ethylene cracking furnace for light raw materials of DU-type furnace tube |
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| CN212375196U true CN212375196U (en) | 2021-01-19 |
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