CN212366015U

CN212366015U - Fuel cell end plate

Info

Publication number: CN212366015U
Application number: CN202020755467.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张亚伟; 杨敏; 黄腾达; 王亚蒙; 朱星烨
Original assignee: Shanghai Electric Group Corp
Current assignee: Shanghai Electric Group Corp
Priority date: 2020-05-09
Filing date: 2020-05-09
Publication date: 2021-01-15
Anticipated expiration: 2030-05-09

Abstract

The utility model discloses a fuel cell end plate, including outer plywood and flow equalizing board, the fluid flows through in proper order outer plywood with the flow equalizing board, be equipped with fluid total import and a plurality of branching bypass on the outer plywood, it is a plurality of branching bypass symmetry sets up fluid total import both sides and with fluid total import intercommunication, be equipped with recess and a plurality of manifold import on the flow equalizing board, it is a plurality of the manifold import with recess bottom intercommunication, fluid total import the branching bypass with the recess intercommunication. The utility model discloses a mode that sets up the branching bypass at total import improves the fluid at each manifold distribution homogeneity, does not introduce extra device that is used for the fluid distribution, simple structure, convenient implementation.

Description

Fuel cell end plate

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fuel cell technical field, in particular to fuel cell end plate.

Background

A fuel cell is a power generation system that electrochemically converts chemical energy directly into electrical energy in a fuel cell stack, rather than converting the chemical energy of a fuel into heat by combustion. The fuel cell can be applied not only to industrial, household electric appliances and vehicles but also to power supplies of small-scale electric and electronic devices such as portable devices. The fuel cell generally has two sets of end plates, a stack structure is formed by stacking a plurality of single cells layer by layer, and the upper and lower end plates are connected together by a tie rod or a bandage to maintain the pressure of the cells in the stack. The stack typically forms one or more oxidant supply manifolds, one or more fuel supply manifolds, and one or more coolant supply manifolds in communication with an oxidant inlet, a fuel inlet, and a coolant inlet, respectively, provided on the end plate. Typically, the fuel needs to be distributed evenly to the different fuel supply manifolds, similarly, the oxidant needs to be distributed evenly to the different oxidant supply manifolds, and the coolant needs to be distributed evenly to the different coolant supply manifolds.

Patent CN 1717829a discloses a fuel cell end plate with reactant and coolant inlets on the top surface and openings on the bottom surface that communicate with the fuel cell stack manifolds. Reactants and coolant may be introduced into the end plates and may enter the fuel cell through these openings.

Patent CN 1717829a solves the problem of fluid introduction into the stack. However, in the case of a plurality of oxidant supply manifolds, or a plurality of fuel supply manifolds, or a plurality of coolant supply manifolds, the flow rate of the manifold close to the total fluid inlet is large, and the flow rate of the manifold far from the total fluid inlet is small, and the problem of flow distribution nonuniformity among the same type of manifolds is significant. The fuel oxidant is unevenly distributed, resulting in uneven current density; and the coolant is unevenly distributed, so that uneven heat dissipation is easily caused, and a large temperature difference is produced. These all in turn affect stack performance.

In view of the above, it is an urgent problem in the art to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome among the prior art under a plurality of oxidant supply manifold, or a plurality of fuel supply manifold, or a plurality of coolant supply manifold's the condition, the manifold flow that is close to the total import of fluid is big and the manifold flow that is far away from the total import of fluid is little, the inhomogeneous technical problem of flow distribution between the manifold of the same kind, the utility model provides a under a plurality of oxidant supply manifold, or a plurality of fuel supply manifold, or a plurality of coolant supply manifold's the condition, guarantee the even fuel cell end plate of flow distribution between the manifold of the same kind.

In order to realize the above purpose, the utility model discloses a fuel cell end plate, including outer plywood and flow equalizing board, the fluid flows through in proper order the outer plywood with the flow equalizing board, be equipped with fluid total import and a plurality of branching bypass on the outer plywood, it is a plurality of branching bypass symmetry sets up fluid total import both sides and with fluid total import intercommunication, be equipped with recess and a plurality of manifold import on the flow equalizing board, it is a plurality of the manifold import with recess bottom intercommunication, fluid total import the branching bypass with the recess intercommunication.

Further, the ratio of the thickness of the flow equalizing plate to the depth of the groove is not less than 1.5.

Furthermore, the manifold inlets have the same width, the manifold inlets are symmetrically distributed along the axis of the fluid main inlet, at least 1 manifold inlet corresponds to the fluid main inlet, and the distances between the adjacent manifold inlets are the same.

Furthermore, a first branch bypass and a second branch bypass are arranged on two sides of the fluid main inlet, and the first branch bypass and the second branch bypass are communicated with the groove and the fluid main inlet.

Further, the outer skin thickness

Satisfies the following formula:

H/S1∈[1.5,3]；

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

h is used for representing the thickness of the outer layer plate;

s1 is used for indicating the distance from the upper plane of the outer plate to the first branch bypass or the distance from the communication part of the second branch bypass and the fluid main inlet

A first preset included angle is formed between the lower plane of the outer plate and the central line of the first branch bypass or the second branch bypass, and the first preset included angle is 30-60 degrees.

Further, the cross sections of the fluid main inlet, the first bifurcation bypass and the second bifurcation bypass are all circular sections, and the diameters of the circular sections of the first bifurcation bypass and the second bifurcation bypass are equal;

the total fluid inlet diameter then satisfies the following equation:

D/d1∈[2,4]；

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

d is used to represent the diameter of the fluid main inlet;

d1 is used to denote the diameter of the circular cross-section of the first and second bifurcated bypass.

Furthermore, a third fork bypass and a fourth fork bypass are further arranged on two sides of the fluid main inlet, and the third fork bypass and the fourth fork bypass are communicated with the groove and the fluid main inlet.

Further, the outer skin thickness

Satisfies the following formula:

H/S1∈[2.5,4]；

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

h is used for representing the thickness of the outer layer plate;

s1 is used for representing the distance from the upper plane of the outer plate to the first branch bypass or the distance from the position where the second branch bypass is communicated with the fluid main inlet;

and a second preset included angle is formed between the lower plane of the outer plate and the central line of the first branched bypass or the second branched bypass, and the second preset included angle is 30-45 degrees.

Further, the outer sheet thickness also satisfies the following formula:

H/S2∈[1.5,2]；

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

s2 is used for indicating the distance from the upper plane of the outer plate to the third forked bypass or the distance from the part where the fourth forked bypass is communicated with the fluid main inlet

And a third preset included angle is formed between the lower plane of the outer plate and the central line of the third branch bypass or the fourth branch bypass, the third preset included angle is larger than the second preset included angle, and the difference value between the third preset included angle and the second preset included angle is 15-30 degrees.

Further, the cross sections of the fluid main inlet, the third bifurcation bypass and the fourth bifurcation bypass are all circular sections, and the diameters of the circular sections of the third bifurcation bypass and the fourth bifurcation bypass are equal;

the total fluid inlet diameter then satisfies the following equation:

D/d2∈[2,4]；

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

d is used to represent the diameter of the fluid main inlet;

d2 is used to indicate the diameter of the circular cross-section of the third and fourth bifurcated bypasses.

Furthermore, a fifth branch bypass and a sixth branch bypass are further arranged on two sides of the fluid main inlet, the fifth branch bypass is communicated with the groove and the first branch bypass, and the sixth branch bypass is communicated with the groove and the second branch bypass.

Further, the outer plate thickness satisfies the following formula:

H/S3∈[1.5,2.5]；

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

h is used for representing the thickness of the outer layer plate;

s3 is used for representing the distance from the lower plane of the outer plate to the fifth branch bypass, or the distance from the communication position of the sixth branch bypass and the first branch bypass, or the distance from the communication position of the second branch bypass;

and a fourth preset included angle is formed between the lower plane of the outer plate and the center line of the fifth branch bypass or the sixth branch bypass, and the fourth preset included angle is 60-90 degrees.

Further, the cross sections of the fluid main inlet, the fifth branched bypass and the sixth branched bypass are circular sections, and the diameters of the circular sections of the fifth branched bypass and the sixth branched bypass are equal;

the total fluid inlet diameter then satisfies the following equation:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

d3 is used to indicate the diameter of the circular cross-section of the fifth diverging bypass and the sixth diverging bypass.

The utility model provides a fuel cell end plate improves the fluid at each manifold distribution homogeneity through the mode that sets up the branching bypass at total entrance to fully considered and set up the branching bypass to the requirement of this branching bypass in aspects such as thickness, length, setting position, with reaching good fluid distribution homogeneity, and do not introduce extra device that is used for the fluid distribution, simple structure, convenient implementation.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the apparatus and method in accordance with the invention and, together with the detailed description, serve to explain the advantages and principles of the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a fuel cell end plate provided by the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a fuel cell end plate provided by the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a third embodiment of a fuel cell end plate provided by the present invention.

Description of the reference numerals

1-outer laminate

2-flow equalizing plate

3-fluid general inlet

4-bifurcated bypass

41-first fork bypass

42-second bifurcated bypass

43-third bifurcation bypass

44-fourth fork bypass

45-fifth fork bypass

46-sixth bifurcated bypass

5-manifold inlet

51-first manifold Inlet

52-other manifold inlets

6-groove

D-total fluid inlet width

d 1-first bifurcation bypass, second bifurcation bypass diameter

d 2-third bifurcation bypass, fourth bifurcation bypass diameter

d 3-diameter of fifth and sixth diverging bypasses

S1-distance from the upper plane of the outer plate to the place where the first or second bifurcated bypass communicates with the fluid main inlet

S2-distance from the upper plane of the outer plate to the place where the third or fourth bifurcated bypass communicates with the main inlet of the fluid

S3-distance from lower plane of outer plate to the place where fifth branch bypass or sixth branch bypass is communicated with first branch bypass or second branch bypass

H-outer skin thickness

f-groove depth

h-thickness of flow equalizing plate

L-distance of adjacent manifold inlets

A-first preset included angle

B-second preset included angle

C-third preset included angle

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention refers to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below. In addition, the technical features related to the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other, and the technical idea of the present invention may be combined with other known techniques or other techniques similar to those known techniques.

Example one

The present embodiment provides a fuel cell end plate, as shown in fig. 1, comprising an outer plate 1 and a flow equalizing plate 2, wherein a fluid flows through the outer plate 1 and the flow equalizing plate 2 in sequence, and a sealing ring is disposed between the outer plate 1 and the flow equalizing plate 2 to prevent the fluid from leaking out, where the fluid includes, but is not limited to, fuel, or oxidant, or coolant.

The outer plate 1 is provided with a main fluid inlet 3, a first branched bypass 41 and a second branched bypass 42, and the flow equalizing plate 2 is provided with a groove 6 and a plurality of manifold inlets 5. One end of the fluid main inlet 3 is connected with an external fluid pipeline, the other end of the fluid main inlet is communicated with the groove 6, the first branch bypass 41 and the second branch bypass 42 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the fluid main inlet 3, one end of the first branch bypass 41 and one end of the second branch bypass are communicated with the fluid main inlet 3, and the other end of the first branch bypass and the other end of the second branch bypass are communicated with the groove 6. One end of each manifold inlet 5 is communicated with the inside of the galvanic pile, and the other end of each manifold inlet is communicated with the bottom of the corresponding groove 6.

The thickness of the outer plate 1 is H, the distance from the upper plane of the outer plate 1 to the communication position of the first branch bypass 41 or the second branch bypass 42 and the fluid main inlet 3 is S1, the H/S1 is 1.5-3, a first preset included angle is formed between the lower plane of the outer plate 1 and the central line of the first branch bypass 41 or the second branch bypass 42, and the first preset included angle (the included angle A in the figure 1) is 30-60 degrees.

The thickness of the flow equalizing plate 2 is h, the depth of the groove 6 is f, and the ratio of h to f is not less than 1.5.

The widths of the manifold inlets 5 are the same, and the arrangement mode of the manifold inlets 5 on the flow equalizing plate 2 is as follows: wherein the first manifold inlet 51 corresponds to the fluid inlet 3, the other manifold inlets 52 are symmetrically distributed along the axis of the fluid inlet 3, and the distance L between all adjacent manifold inlets 5 is the same.

In the above case, the manifold inlet 5 is singular, and when the manifold inlet 5 is even, the manifold inlet 5 is arranged on the flow equalizing plate 2 in the following manner: at least 2 manifold inlets 5 correspond to the fluid inlet 3, and the other manifold inlets 5 are symmetrically distributed along the axis of the fluid inlet 3.

In addition, the cross-sections of the fluid inlet 3, the first branch bypass 41 and the second branch bypass 42 are all circular, the diameter of the fluid inlet 3 is D, the diameters of the first branch bypass 41 and the second branch bypass 42 are D1, and D/D1 is 2-4.

Example two

As shown in fig. 2, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a third diverging bypass 43 and a fourth diverging bypass 44 are further provided on both sides of the fluid main inlet 3.

One end of the third and fourth bifurcating bypasses 43 and 44 communicates with the fluid main inlet 3, and the other end communicates with the groove 6.

The distance from the upper plane of the outer plate 1 to the connection part of the first branch bypass 41 or the second branch bypass 42 and the fluid main inlet 3 is S1, the H/S1 is 2.5-4, and a first preset included angle (i.e. the included angle A in FIG. 2) is 30-45 degrees is formed between the lower plane of the outer plate 1 and the center line of the first branch bypass 41 or the second branch bypass 42.

The distance from the upper plane of the outer plate 1 to the communication part of the third branch bypass 43 or the fourth branch bypass 44 and the fluid main inlet 3 is S2, the H/S2 is 1.5-2, a second preset included angle is formed between the lower plane of the outer plate 1 and the center line of the third branch bypass 43 or the fourth branch bypass 44, the second preset included angle (namely, the included angle B in figure 2) is larger than the first preset included angle A, and the difference value between the included angle B and the included angle A is 15-30 degrees.

In addition, the cross-sections of the main fluid inlet 3, the third bifurcation bypass 43 and the fourth bifurcation bypass 44 shown in the present embodiment are all circular, the diameter of the main fluid inlet 3 is D, the diameters of the third bifurcation bypass 43 and the fourth bifurcation bypass 44 are D2, and D/D2 is 2-4.

EXAMPLE III

As shown in fig. 3, the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a fifth branch bypass 45 and a sixth branch bypass 46 are provided on the first branch bypass 41 and the second branch bypass 42, respectively.

One end of the fifth bifurcating bypass 45 is communicated with the first bifurcating bypass 41, and the other end is communicated with the groove 6; one end of the sixth branch bypass 46 communicates with the second branch bypass 42, and the other end communicates with the groove 6.

The distance from the upper plane of the outer plate 1 to the communication position of the first branch bypass 41 or the second branch bypass 42 and the fluid main inlet 3 is S1, the H/S1 is 2.5-4, and a first preset included angle A is formed between the lower plane of the outer plate 1 and the center line of the first branch bypass 41 or the second branch bypass 42 and is 30-45 degrees.

The distance from the lower plane of the outer plate 1 to the connection part of the fifth branch bypass 45 or the sixth branch bypass 46 and the first branch bypass 41 or the second branch bypass 42 is S3, the H/S3 is 1.5-2.5, a third preset included angle is formed between the lower plane of the outer plate 1 and the center line of the fifth branch bypass 45 or the sixth branch bypass 46, and the third preset included angle (namely the included angle C in the figure 3) is 60-90 degrees.

In addition, the cross sections of the fluid inlet 3, the fifth branch bypass 45 and the sixth branch bypass 46 are all circular, the diameter of the fluid inlet 3 is D, the diameters of the fifth branch bypass 45 and the sixth branch bypass 46 are D3, D/D1 is 2-4, and D1/D3 is 1-2.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model provides a fuel cell end plate is through the mode at total import setting up the branching bypass, makes the fluid can reach the manifold far away apart from total import through the branching bypass is faster, has improved the fluid and has distributed the homogeneity at each manifold. The branched bypass is fully considered, so that the fluid entering the manifold close to the main inlet and the fluid entering the manifold far from the main inlet can be uniform, the requirements of the branched bypass on the aspects of thickness, length, inclination angle, arrangement position and the like are obtained by calculating the movement of the fluid, no additional device for distributing the fluid is introduced, and the branched bypass is simple in structure and convenient to implement.

The terms "first" and "second" as used herein do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another, unless otherwise specified. Similarly, modifiers similar to "about", "approximately" or "approximately" that occur before a numerical term herein typically include the same number, and their specific meaning should be read in conjunction with the context. Similarly, unless a specific number of a claim recitation is intended to cover both the singular and the plural, and also that claim may include both the singular and the plural.

In the description of the specific embodiments above, the use of the directional terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "vertical", "transverse", and "lateral", etc., are for convenience of description only and should not be considered limiting.

Although particular embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these are examples only and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are all within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A fuel cell end plate is characterized by comprising an outer plate and a flow equalizing plate, wherein fluid sequentially flows through the outer plate and the flow equalizing plate, a fluid main inlet and a plurality of branched bypasses are arranged on the outer plate, the branched bypasses are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the fluid main inlet and are communicated with the fluid main inlet, a groove and a plurality of manifold inlets are arranged on the flow equalizing plate, the manifold inlets are communicated with the bottom of the groove, and the fluid main inlet and the branched bypasses are communicated with the groove.

2. The fuel cell end plate of claim 1, wherein a ratio of a thickness of the flow equalizing plate to a depth of the groove is not less than 1.5.

3. The fuel cell end plate of claim 1, wherein a plurality of said manifold inlets are of the same width, said manifold inlets are symmetrically distributed along said fluid main inlet axis and at least 1 of said manifold inlets corresponds to said fluid main inlet, and the distance between adjacent ones of said manifold inlets is the same.

4. The fuel cell end plate of claim 1, wherein a first bifurcated bypass and a second bifurcated bypass are provided on either side of the fluid main inlet, both the first bifurcated bypass and the second bifurcated bypass communicating with the groove and the fluid main inlet.

5. The fuel cell end plate of claim 4, wherein the outer plate thickness satisfies the following equation:

H/S1∈[1.5,3]；

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

h is used for representing the thickness of the outer layer plate;

6. The fuel cell end plate of claim 4, wherein the fluid main inlet, the first bifurcated bypass, and the second bifurcated bypass are all circular in cross-section, and the circular cross-sections of the first bifurcated bypass and the second bifurcated bypass are equal in diameter;

the total fluid inlet diameter then satisfies the following equation:

D/d1∈[2,4]；

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

d is used to represent the diameter of the fluid main inlet;

7. The fuel cell end plate of claim 4, wherein a third bifurcated bypass and a fourth bifurcated bypass are further disposed on either side of the fluid main inlet, both of the third bifurcated bypass and the fourth bifurcated bypass communicating with the groove and the fluid main inlet.

8. The fuel cell end plate of claim 7, wherein the outer plate thickness satisfies the following equation:

H/S1∈[2.5,4]；

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

h is used for representing the thickness of the outer layer plate;

9. The fuel cell end plate of claim 8, wherein the outer plate thickness further satisfies the following equation:

H/S2∈[1.5,2]；

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

s2 is used for representing the distance from the upper plane of the outer plate to the third forked bypass or the distance from the part where the fourth forked bypass is communicated with the fluid main inlet;

10. The fuel cell end plate of claim 7, wherein the fluid main inlet, the third bifurcated bypass, and the fourth bifurcated bypass are all circular in cross-section, and the circular cross-sections of the third bifurcated bypass and the fourth bifurcated bypass are equal in diameter;

the total fluid inlet diameter then satisfies the following equation:

D/d2∈[2.4]；

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

d is used to represent the diameter of the fluid main inlet;

11. The fuel cell end plate of claim 6,

the fluid main inlet both sides still are provided with fifth bifurcation bypass and sixth bifurcation bypass, the fifth bifurcation bypass with the recess reaches first bifurcation bypass intercommunication, the sixth bifurcation bypass with the recess reaches second bifurcation bypass intercommunication.

12. The fuel cell end plate of claim 11, wherein the outer plate thickness satisfies the following equation:

H/S3∈[1.5,2.5]；

wherein the content of the first and second substances,

h is used for representing the thickness of the outer layer plate;

s3 is used for representing the distance from the lower plane of the outer plate to the fifth branch bypass, or the distance from the communication position of the sixth branch bypass and the first branch bypass, or the distance from the communication position of the sixth branch bypass and the second branch bypass;

13. The fuel cell end plate of claim 11, wherein the fluid main inlet, the fifth bifurcated bypass, and the sixth bifurcated bypass are all circular in cross-section, and the circular cross-sections of the fifth bifurcated bypass and the sixth bifurcated bypass are equal in diameter;

the total fluid inlet diameter then satisfies the following equation:

wherein the content of the first and second substances,