CN212364707U - Off-axis catadioptric medium-long wave infrared system based on concentric double-spherical reflector - Google Patents
Off-axis catadioptric medium-long wave infrared system based on concentric double-spherical reflector Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the optical imaging field provides an off-axis refraction type medium and long wave infrared system based on concentric two spherical reflectors to the demand of infrared band to big visual field, low distortion, high imaging quality optical system. The method is mainly used in the fields of satellite-borne large-range medium-resolution meteorological observation and the like. The optical lens comprises a first spherical reflector, a second spherical reflector, n groups of folding axis mirrors and n groups of image compensation lens groups in sequence along the light propagation direction; the system is an off-axis system; the n imaging compensation lens groups are distributed at the light emergent position of the second spherical reflector in a fan shape, and a group of diaphragms, a group of folding axis mirrors and a group of imaging compensation lens groups form an independent imaging channel; the incident light is reflected by the first spherical reflector, the second spherical reflector and the folding axis mirror in sequence, then passes through each diaphragm and then vertically enters the compensation lens group of the corresponding imaging channel. The optical system has the characteristics of high imaging quality, large imaging field of view, constant meta-resolution of the full field of view, capability of working in infrared bands and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the optical imaging field, concretely relates to off-axis refraction form medium and long wave infrared system based on concentric double spherical reflector. The method is mainly used for satellite-borne large-range medium-resolution meteorological observation, and can also be used in the fields of urban safety monitoring, national soil general survey, disaster prevention and reduction and the like.
Background
The satellite ocean remote sensing plays an important role in observing and researching the global ocean environment and ocean resources, and is characterized by rapidly, continuously and widely observing a plurality of parameters simultaneously. A global meteorological satellite emitting multiple detection oceans, and a main remote sensor including a visible light multispectral scanning radiometer, are characterized by high sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio, wide scanning field of view and small imaging distortion.
A wide-view-field marine remote sensor SeaWiFS carried on an Orbview-2 satellite scans +/-58.3 degrees in a swinging mode, so that the super-large breadth of 2800km is realized, and the resolution of a satellite point is 1.13 km. A medium-resolution imaging spectrometer MODIS carried on an EOS Terra satellite scans +/-55 degrees in a swinging scanning mode, the scanning width of 2330km is achieved, and the resolution of the subsatellite point is 250m, 500m and 1000m in different spectral bands. A visible light infrared imaging radiometer VIIRS carried by a polar orbit operation environment satellite system NPOESS scans +/-55.8 degrees in a sweep mode, the ultra-large breadth of 3000km is realized, and the resolution of a satellite point is 390 m. The MERIS carried on the Envisat-1 satellite adopts a camera array consisting of 5 fixed focus cameras to realize push-broom imaging in a 68.5-degree view field, 1150km breadth imaging is realized, and the resolution of a sub-satellite point is 250 m. OLCI carried on a Sentinel-3 satellite realizes push-broom imaging in a field of view of 68.4 degrees by adopting a camera array consisting of 5 fixed focus cameras, 1150km breadth imaging is realized, and the resolution of a sub-satellite point is 300 m. The first generation polar orbit meteorological satellite series FY-1 of China carries a multi-channel visible light and infrared scanning radiometer (MVISR), the scanning angle of the multi-channel visible light and infrared scanning radiometer is +/-55.4 degrees, and the imaging width of the sub-satellite point resolution reaches 1.1km, which is about 2800 km. A medium-resolution spectral imager (MERSI) is arranged on a second generation polar orbit meteorological satellite series FY-3, the scanning angle is +/-55.4 degrees, the resolution of a point under a satellite reaches 0.1km, and the imaging width is about 2800 km. A ten-waveband water color scanner carried by an ocean I (HY-1) satellite scans +/-35.2 degrees in a sweep mode, and the resolution of points under the satellite is 1100 m.
The united states university of duck d.j.brady et al proposed a concentric spherical lens-based design for a multi-scale optical system to address large field of view, low distortion, high resolution imaging. According to the scheme, the full view field is divided into a plurality of sub view fields, each sub view field is provided with an independent compensating mirror to compensate local aberration, good imaging quality and small distortion in a single sub view field are guaranteed, and a plurality of subsystems are spliced to realize high imaging quality and low distortion in the full view field. Related patents are also applied by multiple units in China: a patent with 103064171a number applied by Beijing space electro-mechanical research institute in 2012, "a novel high-resolution large-field-of-view optical imaging system", a patent with 203838419U number applied by Suzhou university in 2013, "an optical imaging system for large-scale high-resolution remote sensing cameras", a patent with 204188263U number applied by Suzhou university in 2014, "a large-field-of-view staring spectral imaging system", a patent with 104079808A number applied by Xian electronic technology university in 2014, "an ultrahigh-resolution wide-field imaging system", and a patent with ZL 201610265166.5 number applied by Xian optical precision mechanical research institute 2016 in 2014 "are applicable to a large-dynamic-range near-hemispherical-field-of-view constant-resolution multi-spectral optical system". The above patents, while different in content, all have in common the concentric multi-scale design based on concentric spherical lenses.
At present, under more and more application environments, imaging with large field of view, low distortion and high resolution of an infrared band is required, but due to the influence of low transmittance of an infrared material, a multi-scale optical system scheme based on a concentric spherical lens is difficult to apply to the infrared band.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a to infrared band to big visual field, low distortion, high imaging quality optical system's demand, proposed off-axis roll-off form medium and long wave infrared system based on concentric two spherical reflectors. The optical system has the characteristics of high imaging quality, large imaging field of view, constant meta-resolution of the full field of view, capability of working in infrared bands and the like.
The technical solution of the utility model is to provide an off-axis refraction form medium and long wave infrared system based on concentric two spherical reflectors, its special character lies in: the optical lens comprises a first spherical reflector, a second spherical reflector, n groups of folding axis mirrors and n groups of image compensation lens groups in sequence along the light propagation direction; the system also comprises n groups of diaphragms positioned on the second spherical reflector; the first spherical reflector and the second spherical reflector are concentric; wherein n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1;
the system is an off-axis system;
the n-component image compensation lens group is distributed at the light emergent part of the second spherical reflector in a fan shape and is not on the same plane with the incident light incident to the first spherical reflector; the group of diaphragms, the group of folding axis mirrors and the group of imaging compensation lens groups form an independent imaging channel;
in order to ensure that the imaging compensation lens group does not shield incident light, the concentric double-spherical reflector has a fixed eccentricity relative to an incident optical axis; in order to compress the size of the system, the system adopts a folding axis mirror, and in order to match with reflected light, the compensation lens group is eccentrically inclined so that incident principal rays are vertical to the compensation lens group;
the incident light is reflected by the first spherical reflector, the second spherical reflector and the folding axis mirror in sequence, then passes through each diaphragm and then vertically enters the compensation lens group of the corresponding imaging channel;
the system selects a push-broom imaging mode, the field of view of each imaging channel is a rectangular field of view, and the wide field of view parts of different imaging channels are overlapped to cover the whole imaging field of view; the narrow field of view direction of each imaging channel is consistent, and the narrow field of view direction is deviated from the central zero field of view by a set angle.
The same spherical reflector and each compensation lens group are in off-axis relation, and the actual use part of the spherical reflector is only an off-axis part deviating from the symmetrical center due to the fact that the spherical reflector deviates from the central zero field of view by a certain angle in the narrow field of view direction; because the narrow view field directions of each imaging channel are selected consistently, the central points of the spherical reflector parts utilized by each imaging channel are the same, all the systems can be spliced together by extending the concentric spherical reflectors, and near-hemispherical view field imaging is realized.
Further, the compensation lens group comprises 4 lenses and 1 filter, and the following are sequentially arranged along the light path: a first negative lens, a first positive lens, a second negative lens; the optical characteristics of the first negative lens are as follows: -f'<f’1<-0.5f’,-f’<R1<-0.5f’,-f’<R2<-0.5 f'; the optical characteristics of the first positive lens are as follows: 10 f'<f’2<12f’,-2f’<R3<-f’,-2f’<R4<-f'; the optical characteristics of the second positive lens are as follows: 0.5 f'<f’3<f’,-f’<R5<0,-f’<R6<0; the optical characteristics of the second negative lens are as follows: -f'<f’4<0, -f’<R7<0,-2f’<R8<-f'; wherein f 'is a system focal length f'2>0，f’1、f’2、f’3、f’4Sequentially forming the focal lengths of 4 lenses forming the compensation lens group; r1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8The curvature radiuses of 8 lenses are sequentially corresponding to the 4 lenses. Meanwhile, the distance between the spherical reflector and the imaging compensation lens is one time of the focal length of the optical systemIn the above way, enough imaging compensation lenses are arranged, and the compensation lenses cannot interfere with each other.
Further, in combination with the push-broom imaging mode, the imaging compensation lens groups are arranged in the direction perpendicular to the push-broom direction, and the number of cameras can be greatly reduced relative to area array imaging.
Furthermore, the first spherical reflector and the second spherical reflector are both spherical strip reflectors.
Further, the wide fields of view of the different imaging channels cover the entire imaging field of view by overlapping each other by 5%.
Further, a glass plate disposed in front of each imaging plane is also included.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the utility model utilizes the concentric double spherical reflectors and arranges the diaphragm on the second mirror of the concentric double spherical reflectors, and fully utilizes the optical characteristics of the full-field rotational symmetry of the spherical reflectors to realize near-hemispherical field imaging;
2. the utility model discloses the interval between concentric double sphere speculum, the broken shaft mirror and the compensation lens group can effectively separate the image beam of each passageway, is favorable to stray light to restrain;
3. the imaging light beams of each imaging channel are effectively separated, so that the interference of local strong light sources to all the view fields is avoided, and the imaging detection in a large dynamic range can be realized;
4. the utility model discloses the imaging quality of optical system on whole visual field is close to the diffraction limit;
5. the effective view field of the optical system of the utility model can approach 360 degrees theoretically, and the imaging width can be greatly obtained by combining with the push-broom imaging mode;
6. the distortion of all fields of view of the utility model is less than 5% in the full field of view range which is close to 360 degrees;
7. the utility model has the imaging spectrum section covering 8-12 μm and the common long wave infrared band;
8. the utility model discloses combine the imaging mode of push-broom, the formation of image microlens of entire system only arranges in the direction of perpendicular to push-broom, can very big reduction camera quantity for area array formation of image;
9. the system of the utility model has enough optical total length during system design, which can ensure enough cameras are arranged on the image surface and the cameras do not interfere with each other; meanwhile, the lenses forming the compensation lens group are arranged closely, and the system is very favorable for installation and adjustment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a single-channel structure of the optical system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a compensation lens group of the optical system of the present invention; a is an X-Z view, and b is a Y-Z view;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the optical path structure of the optical system of the present invention;
fig. 4 is an MTF curve of the optical system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a speckle pattern of the optical system of the present invention in the short focus, the middle focus and the long focus;
fig. 6 shows the field curvature and distortion curve of the optical system of the present invention;
the reference numbers in the figures are: 1-a first spherical reflector, 2-a second spherical reflector, 3-a folding axis mirror, 4-a first negative lens, 5-a first positive lens, 6-a second positive lens, 7-a second negative lens and 8-an optical filter.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, for the structural schematic diagram of the optical system of the present invention, two concentric spherical reflectors, namely a first spherical reflector 1 and a second spherical reflector 2, are sequentially disposed on the optical path. In order to independently inhibit stray light for an imaging channel corresponding to each correction lens group and fully utilize the optical characteristics of full-field rotational symmetry of the concentric double-spherical reflector, the folding axis lens 3 and the compensation lens group are sequentially arranged at the corresponding positions in front of the second spherical reflector 2 according to the optical design result; each imaging compensation lens group is distributed at the light-emitting position of the second spherical reflector in a fan shape and is not on the same plane with the incident light incident to the first spherical reflector. The optical system is an off-axis system (the first spherical reflector 1 and the second spherical reflector 2 are coaxial, each lens in the compensation lens group is coaxial, and the rest lenses are not coaxial), the imaging light beam of each imaging channel is effectively separated, the interference of a local strong light source on all fields of view is avoided, and the imaging detection in a large dynamic range can be realized. In combination with the push-broom imaging mode, the imaging micro-lenses of the whole system are only arranged in the direction vertical to the push-broom direction, so that the number of cameras can be greatly reduced compared with area array imaging; the field of view of each imaging channel is a rectangular field of view, and the wide fields of view of different imaging channels cover the whole imaging field of view by overlapping 5 percent; the narrow field of view direction of each imaging channel is consistent, and the narrow field of view direction is deviated from the central zero field of view by a set angle. Because the narrow field of view direction deviates from the central zero field of view by a certain angle, the actual use parts of the two concentric spherical reflectors are only off-axis parts deviating from the symmetrical center; because the narrow field of view direction of each imaging channel is selected to be consistent, the central points of the concentric spherical reflectors used by each imaging channel are the same, all the systems can be spliced together by extending the concentric spherical reflectors, and near-hemispherical field of view imaging is realized.
The compensation lens group is composed of 4 lenses and 1 filter, as shown in fig. 2, and sequentially comprises along the light path: a first negative lens 4, a first positive lens 5, a second positive lens 6, and a second negative lens 7; the optical characteristics of the first negative lens are: -f'<f’1<-0.5f’,-f’<R1<-0.5f’,-f’<R2<-0.5 f'; the optical characteristics of the first positive lens are: 10 f'<f’2<12f’,-2f’<R3<-f’,-2f’<R4<-f'; the optical characteristics of the second positive lens are: 0.5 f'<f’3<f’,-f’<R5<0,-f’<R6<0; the optical characteristics of the second negative lens are: -f'<f’4<0,-f’<R7<0, -2f’<R8<-f'; wherein f 'is a system focal length f'2>0，f’1、f’2、f’3、f’4Sequentially forming the focal lengths of 4 lenses forming the compensation lens group; r1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8The curvature radiuses of 8 lenses are sequentially corresponding to the 4 lenses. Meanwhile, the distance between the spherical reflector and the imaging compensation lens is more than one time of the focal length of the optical system, so that enough imaging compensation lenses are arranged and the compensation lenses cannot interfere with each other.
Considering that a long-wave infrared system often adopts a refrigeration mode, a cold diaphragm mode is generally adopted in a common scheme for solving the problem; but adopt the cold light diaphragm scheme to limit the formation of image visual field of system the utility model discloses in with the segmentation of full visual field, the visual field of each passageway is limited to it is dull and stereotyped to set up glass in system image plane department, through the refrigeration that realizes infrared detector with the refrigerated mode of part compensation lens.
The system focal length of the optical system provided by the embodiment is 72mm, the imaging field of view is 10 degrees, the size of a detector pixel is 25 micrometers, and the 110-degree full field of view is realized through splicing; system F # is 2, full field of view with no vignetting. As shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, MTF is close to diffraction limit in the whole field range in the waveband range of 8 μm-12 μm, the relative distortion is less than 5%, and the energy centroid deviation of the scattered spot relative to the central wavelength (10 μm) is within 5 μm. If the camera is applied to a near-earth orbit satellite of 800km, the imaging quality close to the diffraction limit with constant ground meta-resolution better than 1200m can be obtained within the field range of 110 degrees.
By scaling this embodiment, with equal F # and field of view, an imaging quality close to the diffraction limit can be achieved in a field of view close to 180 ° with an orbital flying height of less than 800km, and with constant meta-resolution over a field of view of 110 °.
Claims (6)
1. An off-axis catadioptric medium-long wave infrared system based on a concentric double-spherical reflector is characterized in that: the optical lens comprises a first spherical reflector, a second spherical reflector, n groups of folding axis mirrors and n groups of image compensation lens groups in sequence along the light propagation direction; the system also comprises n groups of diaphragms positioned on the second spherical reflector; the first spherical reflector and the second spherical reflector are concentric; wherein n is a natural number greater than or equal to 1;
the system is an off-axis system;
the n-component image compensation lens group is distributed at the light emergent part of the second spherical reflector in a fan shape and is not on the same plane with the incident light incident to the first spherical reflector; the group of diaphragms, the group of folding axis mirrors and the group of imaging compensation lens groups form an independent imaging channel;
the incident light is reflected by the first spherical reflector, the second spherical reflector and the folding axis mirror in sequence, then passes through each diaphragm and then vertically enters the compensation lens group of the corresponding imaging channel;
the field of view of each imaging channel is a rectangular field of view, and the wide field of view parts of different imaging channels are overlapped to cover the whole imaging field of view; the narrow field of view direction of each imaging channel is consistent, the imaging channels deviate from the center zero field of view by a set angle, and all the imaging channels can be spliced together by extending the first spherical reflector and the second spherical reflector.
2. The off-axis catadioptric mid-long wave infrared system based on concentric bi-spherical mirrors of claim 1, wherein: the compensation lens group comprises 4 lenses and 1 optical filter, and the light path is followed in proper order: a first negative lens, a first positive lens, a second negative lens; the optical characteristics of the first negative lens are as follows: -f'<f’1<-0.5f’,-f’<R1<-0.5f’,-f’<R2<-0.5 f'; the optical characteristics of the first positive lens are as follows: 10 f'<f’2<12f’,-2f’<R3<-f’,-2f’<R4<-f'; the optical characteristics of the second positive lens are as follows: 0.5 f'<f’3<f’,-f’<R5<0,-f’<R6<0; the optical characteristics of the second negative lens are as follows: -f'<f’4<0,-f’<R7<0,-2f’<R8<-f'; wherein f 'is a system focal length f'2>0，f’1、f’2、f’3、f’4A first negative lens and a first negative lens which are sequentially used for forming a compensation lens groupFocal lengths of the positive lens, the second positive lens and the second negative lens; r1、R2、R3、R4、R5、R6、R7、R8The curvature radiuses corresponding to the first negative lens, the first positive lens, the second positive lens and the second negative lens are arranged in sequence.
3. The off-axis catadioptric mid-long wave infrared system based on concentric dual spherical mirrors of claim 2, wherein: the imaging compensation lens groups are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the push-broom direction.
4. The off-axis catadioptric mid-long wave infrared system based on concentric bi-spherical mirrors of claim 3, wherein: the first spherical reflector and the second spherical reflector are both spherical strip reflectors.
5. The off-axis catadioptric mid-long wave infrared system based on concentric bi-spherical mirrors of claim 4, wherein: the wide fields of view of the different imaging channels cover the entire imaging field of view by overlapping 5% with each other.
6. The off-axis catadioptric mid-long wave infrared system based on concentric dual spherical mirrors of claim 5, wherein: a glass panel disposed in front of each imaging plane is also included.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111880297A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-11-03 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Off-axis catadioptric medium-long wave infrared system based on concentric double-spherical reflector |
| CN116661117A (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-08-29 | 之江实验室 | Catadioptric optical imaging system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111880297A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-11-03 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Off-axis catadioptric medium-long wave infrared system based on concentric double-spherical reflector |
| CN116661117A (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-08-29 | 之江实验室 | Catadioptric optical imaging system |
| CN116661117B (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2023-10-10 | 之江实验室 | Catadioptric optical imaging system |
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