CN212351241U - Three-speed gear variable-speed heavy cutting lathe spindle box - Google Patents
Three-speed gear variable-speed heavy cutting lathe spindle box Download PDFInfo
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- CN212351241U CN212351241U CN202020901484.8U CN202020901484U CN212351241U CN 212351241 U CN212351241 U CN 212351241U CN 202020901484 U CN202020901484 U CN 202020901484U CN 212351241 U CN212351241 U CN 212351241U
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- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000009365 direct transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a three-speed gear variable speed heavy cutting lathe headstock belongs to the lathe class. The utility model adopts the technical proposal that: the gear shifting device comprises a main shaft, a power shaft, a shifting shaft, a gear shifting oil cylinder and a box body, wherein the main shaft is provided with a low-speed driven gear, a medium-speed driven gear and a high-speed driven gear; the shaft sleeve is provided with a shifting fork, and the other end of the shifting fork is fixed on the gear shifting oil cylinder. The utility model discloses a tertiary gear drive that can shift, and can realize that intelligence judges that high, well, low-speed shifts through numerical control system, can effectively improve work efficiency, reduce intensity of labour, extended the performance of lathe. The device automatically realizes gear shifting, and is safe and reliable; a series of defects of manual gear shifting are overcome; the efficiency is improved, the operation is simplified, and the processing range of the numerical control lathe is expanded.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a three-speed gear variable speed heavy cutting lathe headstock belongs to the lathe class.
Background
From the invention of the numerical control lathe to the prior art, the main transmission modes are various, and the following transmission modes are roughly classified: one is that the direct transmission of the electric main shaft is adopted, and the main shaft and the motor are integrated; the second mode adopts a belt to connect the servo motor with the main shaft; the third is a step speed change mode that the common motor is connected with the main shaft through gear transmission.
The electric main shaft mode can lead the main transmission structure to be compact, has the advantages of light weight, small inertia, high rotating speed, small vibration, low noise, quick response and the like, simplifies the design of a machine tool, is easy to realize the positioning of the main shaft, and is an ideal structure in a high-speed main shaft unit. But the output torque is small, so that the machine is not suitable for high-strength low-speed heavy turning; the second belt connection mode has the characteristics of constant transmission ratio, compact structure, high tensile strength and high efficiency, but the transmission ratio between the motor and the spindle cannot be effectively increased through the belt, so that the output torque of the spindle is smaller, and the cutting force is smaller; the third method adopts a gear transmission connection mode to effectively increase the transmission ratio, increase the output torque of the main shaft and improve the cutting force, but the output torque is unstable, and when the speed of the motor is high, the output torque is large; when the motor speed is low, the output torque is small and can only be adjusted by the servo motor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a main spindle box of a three-speed gear variable-speed heavy cutting lathe, which solves the problems of small heavy cutting transmission torque and gear shifting.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
the main shaft is provided with a low-speed driven gear, a medium-speed driven gear and a high-speed driven gear, the power shaft is provided with a low-speed driving gear, a medium-speed driving gear and a high-speed driving gear, the low-speed driving gear is provided with a shaft sleeve which is sleeved on the power shaft, and the medium-speed driving gear and the high-speed driving gear are arranged on the shaft sleeve; the shaft sleeve is provided with a shifting fork, and the other end of the shifting fork is fixed on the gear shifting oil cylinder.
Preferably, the low-speed driven gear, the medium-speed driven gear and the high-speed driven gear are arranged on the main shaft in a manner that the high-speed driven gear is located in the middle, the low-speed driven gear and the medium-speed driven gear are respectively arranged on two sides of the high-speed driven gear, and the axial diameter between the high-speed driven gear and the low-speed driven gear and between the high-speed driven gear and the medium-speed driven gear is smaller than the tooth root size of the high-speed driven gear.
Preferably, the low-speed driving gear, the medium-speed driving gear and the high-speed driving gear are arranged on the power shaft in a mode that the high-speed driving gear is located in the middle, and the low-speed driving gear and the medium-speed driving gear are respectively arranged on two sides of the high-speed driven gear.
Preferably, the gear shifting oil cylinder comprises a cylinder body, a piston and two piston shafts, the piston is located in the cylinder body and divides a cavity in the cylinder body into a left cavity and a right cavity, the two piston shafts are respectively arranged at two ends of the piston, the other ends of the two piston shafts are respectively fixed on the box body, hydraulic through holes are formed in the piston shafts, the piston shafts are communicated with the hydraulic through holes and the cavity in the cylinder body in a piston connecting position, and the left cavity and the right cavity in the cylinder body are respectively communicated with hydraulic oil through the piston shafts to push the cylinder body to the right or the left.
Preferably, the rear end of the main shaft is provided with a synchronous belt connected with an encoder.
The utility model has the advantages that: because the gear-shifting three-level gear transmission mechanism is adopted, and intelligent judgment of high-speed, medium-speed and low-speed gear shifting can be realized through a numerical control system, the working efficiency can be effectively improved, the labor intensity is reduced, and the performance of the machine tool is expanded.
The device can realize automatic gear shifting according to a preset rotating speed condition by shifting gears through the hydraulic oil cylinder, and is safe and reliable; a series of defects of manual gear shifting are overcome; the efficiency is improved, the operation is simplified, and the processing range of the numerical control lathe is expanded.
Drawings
Figure 1 is a side view of the present invention,
figure 2 is a left side view of the present invention,
figure 3 is a cut-away view of figure 2,
reference numerals: 1, a main shaft 101 low-speed driven gear 102 medium-speed driven gear 103 high-speed driven gear, 2 a power shaft 201 low-speed driving gear 202 medium-speed driving gear 203 high-speed driving gear 204 bushing 3 shifting fork 4 shifting cylinder 401 cylinder 402 left cavity 403 right cavity 404 piston 405 piston shaft 406 hydraulic through hole 407 communication hole 5 box 6 synchronous belt 7 encoder.
Detailed Description
The specific structure of the present invention is further described below:
the utility model discloses three-speed gear variable speed heavy cutting lathe headstock, the structure is shown in fig. 1-3, including main shaft 1, power shaft 2, pull out fork 3, shift cylinder 4 and box, set up low-speed driven gear 101, intermediate speed driven gear 102 and high-speed driven gear 103 on the main shaft 1, set up low-speed driving gear 201, intermediate speed driving gear 202 and high-speed driving gear 203 on the power shaft 2, low-speed driving gear 201 is equipped with the axle sleeve 204 cover and is established on power shaft 2, intermediate speed driving gear 202 and high-speed driving gear 203 set up on axle sleeve 204; a shifting fork is arranged on the shaft sleeve 204, and the other end of the shifting fork is fixed on the gear shifting oil cylinder 4.
The low-speed driven gear 101, the medium-speed driven gear 102 and the high-speed driven gear 103 are arranged on the main shaft 1 in such a manner that the high-speed driven gear 103 is in the middle, the low-speed driven gear 101 is provided on the right side of the high-speed driven gear 103, and the medium-speed driven gear 102 is provided on the left side of the high-speed driven gear 103.
The low-speed drive gear 201, the intermediate-speed drive gear 202, and the high-speed drive gear 203 are disposed on the power shaft 2 in such a manner that the high-speed drive gear 203 is located in the middle, the low-speed drive gear 201 is disposed on the right side of the high-speed driven gear 103, and the intermediate-speed drive gear 202 is disposed on the left side of the high-speed driven gear 103.
The axial diameter between the high-speed driven gear 103 and the low-speed driven gear 101 and between the high-speed driven gear 103 and the medium-speed driven gear 102 is smaller than the tooth root size of the high-speed driven gear 103, that is, the intermediate gear does not interfere with the gears on both sides when the three-speed gear is shifted.
The gear shifting oil cylinder 4 comprises a cylinder body 401, a piston 404 and two piston shafts 405, wherein the piston 404 is positioned in the cylinder body 401 and divides a cavity in the cylinder body 401 into a left cavity 402 and a right cavity 403, the two piston shafts 405 are respectively arranged at two ends of the piston 404, the other ends of the two piston shafts 405 are respectively fixed on the box body, hydraulic through holes are formed in the piston shafts 405, a communicating hole is formed in the connecting position of the piston 404 to communicate the hydraulic through holes with the cavity in the cylinder body 401, the hydraulic through holes of the piston shafts 405 are connected with a hydraulic system outside the box body, and the left cavity 402 and the right cavity 403 in the cylinder body 401 are respectively filled with hydraulic oil through the piston shafts 405 to push the cylinder body 401 to. The rear end of the main shaft is provided with a synchronous belt connected with an encoder.
When the shifting fork is in a low-speed position, power is transmitted to the main shaft from the power shaft through the meshing of the low-speed driving gear and the low-speed driven gear;
when the main shaft needs to run at a high speed, the hydraulic gear shifting oil cylinder pushes leftwards to drive the shifting fork to a high-speed position, and the low-speed driving gear is disengaged from the low-speed driven gear; simultaneously, the high-speed driving gear is driven to be meshed with the high-speed driven gear;
when the main shaft needs to run at a medium speed, the hydraulic gear shifting oil cylinder pushes leftwards to drive the shifting fork to a medium speed position, and the high-speed driving gear is disengaged from the high-speed driven gear; simultaneously, the medium-speed driving gear is driven to be meshed with the high-speed driven medium-speed gear. The hydraulic gear shifting oil cylinder drives the shifting fork to move on the transmission shaft by driving the triple gear, so that high, medium and low speed gear shifting is realized.
The hydraulic oil cylinder is combined with a hydraulic servo system for gear shifting, so that automatic gear shifting can be realized according to a preset rotating speed condition, and the intelligent, safe and reliable hydraulic oil cylinder is realized; a series of defects of manual gear shifting are overcome; the efficiency is improved, the operation is simplified, and the processing range of the numerical control lathe is expanded.
The stepless speed change gear shifting can still output large torque when the main shaft is at low speed, and the problem of incapability of cutting at low speed of a machine tool is solved. The hydraulic gear shifting can effectively improve the working efficiency, reduce the labor intensity and expand the performance of the machine tool. The utility model discloses extensively be applicable to products such as powerful cutting, heavy cutting numerical control lathe, turning center.
Claims (5)
1. A three-speed gear variable-speed heavy-cutting lathe spindle box is characterized by comprising a spindle (1), a power shaft (2), a shifting fork (3), a shifting oil cylinder (4) and a box body, wherein a low-speed driven gear (101), a medium-speed driven gear (102) and a high-speed driven gear (103) are arranged on the spindle (1), a low-speed driving gear (201), a medium-speed driving gear (202) and a high-speed driving gear (203) are arranged on the power shaft (2), the low-speed driving gear (201) is provided with a shaft sleeve (204) which is sleeved on the power shaft (2), and the medium-speed driving gear (202) and the high-speed driving gear (203) are arranged on the shaft sleeve; a shifting fork is arranged on the shaft sleeve (204), and the other end of the shifting fork is fixed on the gear shifting oil cylinder (4).
2. The main spindle box of the three-speed gear variable-speed heavy cutting lathe according to claim 1, wherein the low-speed driven gear (101), the medium-speed driven gear (102) and the high-speed driven gear (103) are arranged on the main spindle (1) in such a manner that the high-speed driven gear (103) is located in the middle, the low-speed driven gear (101) and the medium-speed driven gear (102) are respectively arranged on both sides of the high-speed driven gear (103), and the axial diameter between the high-speed driven gear (103) and the low-speed driven gear (101) and between the high-speed driven gear (103) and the medium-speed driven gear (102) is smaller than the tooth root size of the high-speed driven gear (103.
3. The headstock of claim 2, wherein the low-speed drive gear (201), the medium-speed drive gear (202) and the high-speed drive gear (203) are disposed on the power shaft (2) in such a manner that the high-speed drive gear (203) is located in the middle, and the low-speed drive gear (201) and the medium-speed drive gear (202) are disposed on both sides of the high-speed driven gear (103).
4. The headstock of claim 2, wherein the headstock is a three-speed gear-change heavy-cutting lathe, the gear shifting oil cylinder (4) comprises a cylinder body (401), a piston (404) and two piston shafts (405), wherein the piston (404) is located in the cylinder body (401) and divides a cavity in the cylinder body (401) into a left cavity (402) and a right cavity (403), the two piston shafts (405) are respectively arranged at two ends of the piston (404), the other ends of the two piston shafts (405) are respectively fixed on the box body, a hydraulic through hole is formed in the piston shaft (405), a communication hole is formed in the position, connected with the piston (404), of the piston shaft (405) and communicated with the hydraulic through hole and the cavity in the cylinder body (401), the hydraulic through hole of the piston shaft (405) is connected with a hydraulic system outside the box body, and the left cavity (402) and the right cavity (403) in the cylinder body (401) are respectively filled with hydraulic oil through the piston shafts (405) to push the cylinder body.
5. The main spindle box of the three-speed gear variable-speed heavy cutting lathe according to claim 1, wherein a synchronous belt is arranged at the rear end of the main spindle (1) and connected with an encoder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020901484.8U CN212351241U (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | Three-speed gear variable-speed heavy cutting lathe spindle box |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020901484.8U CN212351241U (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | Three-speed gear variable-speed heavy cutting lathe spindle box |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN212351241U true CN212351241U (en) | 2021-01-15 |
Family
ID=74155079
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020901484.8U Expired - Fee Related CN212351241U (en) | 2020-05-26 | 2020-05-26 | Three-speed gear variable-speed heavy cutting lathe spindle box |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN212351241U (en) |
-
2020
- 2020-05-26 CN CN202020901484.8U patent/CN212351241U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20210115 |