CN212322937U

CN212322937U - Residual current circuit breaker

Info

Publication number: CN212322937U
Application number: CN202020960900.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 金福根; 杨家发
Original assignee: Nanjing Zhengtailong Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Zhengtailong Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-01
Filing date: 2020-05-29
Publication date: 2021-01-08
Anticipated expiration: 2030-05-29

Abstract

The utility model discloses a residual current circuit breaker belongs to the low-voltage apparatus field. The automatic power supply device aims at the technical problem that power cannot be timely switched on to recover power supply after regular automatic trial tripping in the prior art. The utility model provides a leakage circuit breaker, which comprises a main processing unit, a leakage driving unit and a leakage driving unit, wherein the main processing unit is used for generating a leakage driving signal; the tripping unit receives the electric leakage driving signal to realize the disconnection of the circuit breaker; the device comprises a sampling unit, wherein the sampling unit is used for sampling current and voltage and outputting the current and the voltage to a main processing unit, the main processing unit calculates and compares sampled values, and leakage test jump is carried out after judgment conditions are met. The technical problem that the electric leakage circuit breaker cannot be switched on timely when the electric leakage circuit breaker adopts regular automatic trial tripping is solved, so that automatic detection of the electric leakage trial tripping function is easier to popularize and implement, and the electricity safety of residents can be effectively protected.

Description

Residual current circuit breaker

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the low-voltage apparatus field, concretely relates to leakage circuit breaker.

Background

The leakage test tripping function is a necessary function for detecting whether the leakage protection function of the leakage circuit breaker is normal, and the traditional leakage circuit breaker is provided with a test tripping button and is specified to be operated at least once every month. When a user presses the trial tripping button, the electric leakage circuit breaker is successfully opened, and the electric leakage protection function of the electric leakage circuit breaker is normal. For this reason, the user needs to operate this button periodically to verify whether the earth leakage protection function of the earth leakage breaker is normal. Since the button needs to be manually operated by a user, the button cannot be regularly detected according to an operation procedure. After an electric shock accident occurs, if the leakage protection function of the circuit breaker fails and cannot be found in time, the personal safety cannot be effectively protected.

Therefore, the leakage circuit breaker with the automatic regular jump test function appears in the market, the processing circuit is added on the basis of the traditional leakage circuit breaker, the processing circuit can regularly generate simulated leakage current, the leakage circuit breaker is enabled to realize leakage jump test, whether the leakage protection function of the leakage circuit breaker is normal or not is detected, the detection work of the leakage protection function of the leakage circuit breaker is carried out by replacing a manual operation jump test button, and the problem that manual work cannot regularly detect according to operation rules is avoided.

For the leakage circuit breaker, the detection mode is a non-differentiation control strategy, although the detection of the leakage protection function of the leakage circuit breaker is realized; however, after the trial jump is successful, the switch cannot be automatically switched on, namely, the power supply cannot be timely recovered, and if a user is not at home for a long time, the loss of food deterioration of a refrigerator, oxygen deficiency and death of goldfishes and the like is often caused, and the trouble is brought to the use of the user.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

1. Technical problem to be solved

The technical problem of can not in time close a floodgate and resume the power supply after the regular automatic trial jump that exists among the prior art, the utility model provides a leakage circuit breaker, it can realize judging that there is the man-hour in the user's family, triggers leakage circuit breaker and carries out the electric leakage trial jump, and the user can in time resume the power supply by oneself, avoids unnecessary material loss.

2. Technical scheme

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a leakage breaker, which comprises a main processing unit, a leakage driving unit and a leakage detecting unit, wherein the main processing unit is used for generating a leakage driving signal; the tripping unit is used for realizing the opening and closing of the circuit breaker; the sampling unit is used for sampling current and voltage or sampling only current and outputting the current and the voltage to the main processing unit.

Further, the leakage circuit breaker comprises a current sampling device for sampling current.

Further, in the electrical leakage breaker, the current sampling device is a current transformer, a resistance shunt, a rogowski coil current sensor or a hall sensor.

Further, the tripping unit comprises an electronic trip device for receiving the leakage driving signal and operating.

Further, the tripping unit of the residual current circuit breaker further comprises a residual current transformer, a residual current sampling circuit, a diode and a residual current tripping electronic switch; one end of the electronic release is connected with the anode of the diode, the cathode of the diode is connected with the anode of the electric leakage tripping electronic switch, and the other end of the electronic release is connected with the power grid line; the cathode of the electric leakage tripping electronic switch is connected with an electric network cable, and the control electrode of the electric leakage tripping electronic switch is connected with the output end of the electric leakage sampling circuit; and the leakage transformer is used for detecting a leakage current signal on the power grid line and outputting the leakage current signal to the leakage sampling circuit.

Further, the leakage circuit breaker further comprises a leakage test tripping electronic switch, wherein a control electrode of the leakage test tripping electronic switch is connected with the main processing unit, and the leakage test tripping electronic switch is connected with a leakage test tripping key in parallel.

Furthermore, the residual current circuit breaker further comprises a communication unit connected with the main processing unit and used for realizing bidirectional data transmission.

After receiving the sampled power utilization data, the main processing unit processes the data according to the following processes:

step 100, receiving data: the main processing unit receives the sampled power utilization data;

step 200, data calculation: continuously calculating the accumulated electricity utilization data of the current time period and the previous time period to obtain a first accumulated value and a second accumulated value, wherein the two time periods correspond to each other and have the same duration;

step 300: data comparison and judgment: comparing and judging the first accumulated value and the second accumulated value, and entering step 400 when the change value obtained by comparison reaches a preset threshold value; when the variation value does not reach the preset threshold value, after delaying the equal time period, returning to the step 200;

step 400: sending a trial jump driving command: sending a leakage test jump driving command: when the change value reaches a preset threshold value, the main processing unit sends a driving command to switch on the leakage trial tripping electronic switch, so that the leakage current transformer senses the leakage current, and the circuit breaker is switched off.

Further, after the main processing unit sends a trial jump driving command, the data calculation is stopped, and after the power is re-turned on, the next calculation period is started.

3. Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of: through calculation and contrast power consumption data, can judge whether someone in this electric leakage circuit breaker's user's house according to the variation, when judging someone is at home, then carry out the electric leakage and try to jump, then the user resumes the power supply by oneself. The problem of electric leakage circuit breaker adopt regularly automatic trial jump to exist is solved for electric leakage trial jump function automated inspection promotes the implementation more easily, more can effectual protection resident's power consumption safety.

Drawings

FIG. 1: the utility model discloses a circuit breaker principle sketch;

FIG. 2: the utility model discloses a sampling circuit schematic diagram;

FIG. 3: the utility model discloses a circuit schematic diagram of an electronic release;

FIG. 4: the utility model discloses a main processing unit control process schematic diagram.

The reference numbers in FIG. 1 illustrate: 1. the device comprises a shell, 2, an electronic release, 3, a main processing unit, 4, a power supply unit, 5, a communication unit, 6, a leakage sampling circuit, 7, a leakage mutual inductor, 8, a leakage test tripping button, 9, a leakage test tripping electronic switch, 10, a leakage tripping electronic switch, 11, a leakage test tripping resistor, 12, a sampling unit, 13, a current mutual inductor and 14, a diode.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the utility model provides a pair of residual current circuit breaker, the inside circuit structure of shell 1 of circuit breaker includes dropout unit, main processing unit 3, sampling unit 12.

The sampling unit 12 is used for sampling current and voltage data on a power grid line, or only current data is needed to be sampled because the voltage is constant; the sampling unit 12 may be in a circuit form as long as it can sample corresponding current data, or current and voltage data. The current sampling device may be built in the sampling unit 12, or may be externally disposed on the sampling unit 12 and connected to the sampling circuit inside. Here, we use an external approach: the sampling unit 12 includes a sampling circuit therein. As shown in fig. 2, the sampling circuit is composed of a metering chip, a plurality of resistors and a plurality of capacitors. Specifically, pin 1 of the metering chip U12 is respectively connected with a resistor R33 and a capacitor C22, resistors R5-R8 are sequentially connected in series and then are also connected with pin 1, the other ends of the resistor R33 and the capacitor C22 are both grounded, and the other end of the resistor R5 is connected to a power grid L line; a pin 4 of the metering chip U12 is respectively connected with a resistor R37 and a capacitor C25, and the other end of the resistor R37 is connected with a resistor R35; and a pin 5 of the metering chip U12 is respectively connected with a resistor R36 and a capacitor C24, the other end of the resistor R36 is connected with the other end of the resistor R35, and the resistor R35 is also connected in parallel with an independent current sampling device. The current sampling device can be a current transformer, a resistance shunt, a rogowski coil current sensor, a hall sensor and the like, wherein an inductance sensor 13 is adopted as an independent current sampling device, a power grid L line penetrates through the center of the annular current transformer 13, the current transformer 13 is connected with a resistor R35 in parallel, and an induced current signal is output to the resistor R35. The specific working process of the sampling circuit is as follows: the voltage on the line L of the power grid is divided by resistors R5-R8 and then is output to a metering chip U12 as a sampling voltage; the current transformer 13 outputs the induced current signal to the resistor R35, and the resistor R35 converts the current signal into a corresponding voltage signal and outputs the voltage signal to the metering chip U12; the metering chip U12 further processes the sampled voltage and current signals to derive corresponding power usage data, which may be, but is not limited to: voltage/current signal direct current component, voltage/current effective value data, active/reactive power data. The metering chip then outputs the electricity consumption data to the main processing unit 3 through

pins

13 and 14.

A tripping unit of the residual current circuit breaker is used for receiving a leakage current signal and executing tripping operation, if the tripping unit can be realized in the prior art, for example, an electronic tripper with low cost and convenient adjustment is adopted, a circuit schematic diagram of the circuit schematic diagram is shown in fig. 3, a resistor R18 is connected in parallel with a front-end sampling device and used for receiving a sampling signal transmitted by the front-end sampling device, one end of a resistor R18 is also connected with a positive-direction input end of an amplifier a1, and the other end of the resistor R21 is also connected with a resistor R21; the other end of the resistor R21 is connected with the inverting input end of the amplifier A1; the resistor R22 is connected in parallel between the inverting input end and the output end of the amplifier A1; the output end of the amplifier A1 is also connected with a resistor R39, and the other end of the resistor R39 is respectively connected with a capacitor C27, a resistor R41 and a control electrode of an electronic switch Q1; the capacitor C27, the other end of the resistor R41 and the cathode of the electronic switch Q1 are all grounded; the anode of the electronic switch Q1 is connected in series with the diode Q2 and then connected with the reverse input end of the tripper T1, and the forward input end of the tripper T1 is connected with the line L of the power grid. In addition, for the front-end sampling device, the implementation mode of sampling the leakage current can be applicable, and the current transformer with simple implementation mode and economic and economical cost is selected here. The specific working process of the tripping unit is as follows: the current transformer transmits the induced leakage current signal to the resistor R18, the resistor R18 converts the current signal into a corresponding voltage signal and outputs the voltage signal to the input end of the amplifier A1, the amplifier A1 amplifies the voltage signal and outputs the amplified voltage signal to the control electrode of the electronic switch Q1, the electronic switch Q1 is triggered to be conducted, and the tripper is triggered to work successively, so that the circuit breaker is broken.

The main processing unit 3 is connected with the sampling unit 12, and an internal processing chip of the main processing unit can be an 8-bit singlechip, which requires a working main frequency above 12MHz and has strong anti-interference capability, such as MOTO series, ARM7 series and ARM9 series, wherein a MC68HC908AP32 singlechip of the MOTO series is selected. And after receiving the power utilization data transmitted by the sampling unit 12, the single chip microcomputer performs calculation, comparison and judgment, and when the change value reaches a preset threshold value, the single chip microcomputer transmits a trial jump driving instruction.

As shown in fig. 1, one end of the electronic release 2 is connected with the anode of a diode 14, the cathode of the diode 14 is connected with the anode of the earth leakage tripping electronic switch 10, the cathode of the earth leakage tripping electronic switch 10 is connected with the N line of the power grid, the control pole of the earth leakage tripping electronic switch 10 is connected with the output end of the earth leakage sampling circuit 6, and a one-way thyristor is selected as the earth leakage tripping electronic switch; the leakage transformer 7 is used for inducing leakage current on the power grid line, and two ends of the leakage transformer are respectively connected with the input end of the leakage sampling circuit 6; the control pole of the leakage trial tripping electronic switch 9 is connected with the main processing unit 3, the leakage trial tripping electronic switch 9 is connected with the leakage trial tripping key 8 in parallel, and the bidirectional thyristor is used as the leakage trial tripping electronic switch; the main processing unit 3 sends a trial tripping driving instruction to control the conduction of the leakage trial tripping electronic switch 9, so that a simulated leakage current is generated, and the leakage transformer 7 senses the simulated leakage current and outputs the simulated leakage current to the leakage sampling circuit 6; after the electric leakage sampling circuit 6 carries out filtering and amplification processing, the electric leakage tripping electronic switch 10 is controlled to be closed, and the electronic tripper 2 is driven to carry out tripping operation. At the moment, if a user can check the residual current circuit breaker when at home, the power supply can be recovered when normal trial jump is found, and the situation that the user is not at home for a long time after the trial jump power failure can be avoided, and the loss of substances caused by long-time power failure of household appliances, such as food deterioration in the refrigerator after the power failure, goldfish oxygen deficiency death after the power failure of the fish tank oxygen supply machine and the like can be avoided.

A serial port level conversion chip in the communication unit 5 is connected with a corresponding pin of a single chip microcomputer chip in the main processing unit 3, and the serial port level conversion chip selects MAX 232; the communication unit 5 reads the electric quantity information and the trial tripping information from the main processing unit 3, uploads the electric quantity information and the trial tripping information to the server through a communication interface, and is used for remotely monitoring whether the leakage protection function of the circuit breaker is normal by background operation and maintenance personnel; the operation and maintenance personnel can also send a temporary control instruction from the background, and the temporary control instruction is transmitted to the single chip microcomputer in the main processing unit 3 through the communication unit 5 and is used for remotely controlling the leakage circuit breaker to realize trial tripping so as to verify whether the leakage test tripping function is normal.

To sum up, in order to realize that the leakage breaker can judge whether the user is at home, and then try to jump, we have designed a leakage breaker, current and voltage data on the electric network line are sampled through the sampling unit 12, or current data on the electric network line are sampled alone through the current transformer 13, the sampling unit 12 outputs data to the main processing unit 3, the main processing unit 3 calculates, compares the sampled data, reach and judge that the user drives the trip unit to try to jump in leakage after the condition at home, then the user can resume the power supply by oneself. The problem that the power supply cannot be timely recovered due to the fact that the leakage circuit breaker adopts regular automatic trial tripping is solved, automatic detection of the leakage trial tripping function is easy to popularize and implement, and electricity utilization safety of residents can be effectively protected.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 4, the control process of the residual current circuit breaker is as follows:

the sampling unit 12 samples current and voltage data on a power grid line in real time, or independently samples current data through a current sampling device, the current sampling device can be arranged in the sampling unit internally, or can be arranged outside the sampling unit independently and is connected with a sampling circuit, and a current transformer 13 is selected, so that the mode is convenient to install and low in cost; the sampling unit 12 further processes the sampled voltage signal and current signal to obtain corresponding power consumption data, which includes but is not limited to: voltage/current valid value data, active/reactive power data. Then the sampling unit 12 outputs the power consumption data to the main processing unit 3 through the communication interface, and the main processing unit 3 works according to the following steps:

step 100, the main processing unit 3 receives the power consumption data transmitted from the sampling unit 12;

specifically, the main processing unit 3 receives sampled power consumption data in real time and stores the data in a storage unit inside the main processing unit; after a period of time, if it is necessary to determine whether it is currently suitable for performing a leakage test jump, the process proceeds to step 200.

Step 200, the main processing unit 3 continuously calculates the accumulated electricity consumption data of the current time interval and the previous time interval to obtain a first accumulated value and a second accumulated value, wherein the two time intervals correspond to each other and have the same duration.

Specifically, the single chip in the main processing unit 3 retrieves the electric quantity data of the current time interval and the last time interval from the storage unit, where the two time intervals correspond to each other and have the same duration, and may be the same time period in two consecutive days, for example, the time period between 7 and 8 points later; or the same date in two consecutive months, such as number 1 per month. And then the singlechip respectively calculates the accumulated electric quantity data of the current time period and the previous time period as a first accumulated value and a second accumulated value through a program. The calling comparison time periods can be different, the period can be adjusted according to the user requirements, and the calling mode can be applicable as long as the mode of judging whether the user is at home or not according to the electricity consumption data in the comparison time periods can be realized.

If the mode of sampling the current data independently is adopted, the singlechip can only call the current data of the current time interval and the current data of the previous time interval, wherein the definition of the time interval is as described above. And then respectively calculating the accumulated current data of the current period and the previous period as a first accumulated value and a second accumulated value.

In step 300, the data processing process in the main processing unit 3 is as follows: the single chip microcomputer compares the first accumulated value with the second accumulated value to obtain a change value, and when the change value reaches a preset threshold value, the step 400 is executed; when the variation value does not reach the predetermined threshold value, the process returns to step 200 after delaying the equal time period.

Specifically, if the single chip microcomputer judges that the change value reaches a preset threshold value, the situation shows that the user is at home at the present moment and is suitable for electric leakage test jump; if the single chip microcomputer judges that the change values of the two time periods do not reach the preset threshold value, the situation that the user is not at home at the current moment and is not suitable for conducting leakage test jump is indicated, and the next time period is selected for calculation and judgment again; the next time period also corresponds to the current time period and is of equal duration, for example, between 7 and 8 points on the next day. To avoid a malfunction, it is determined whether the user is at home by comparing the variation values of a plurality (3 or more) of the periods to a threshold value, for example, the compared 3 periods are: two consecutive days from 7 to 8 am, 11 to 12 am and 7 to 8 pm. It may be set that the variation values of 3 periods all reach the predetermined threshold value before proceeding to step 400. The predetermined threshold value may be set according to the actual power consumption amount and the power usage habit of the user.

Step 400, sending a leakage test jump driving command: when the change value reaches a preset threshold value, the main processing unit sends a driving command to switch on the leakage trial tripping electronic switch, so that the leakage current transformer senses the leakage current, and the circuit breaker is switched off.

Specifically, the single chip microcomputer in the main processing unit 3 sends a driving command after being judged by a program, and controls the conduction of the electric leakage trial tripping electronic switch 9, so that a simulated leakage current is generated, the electric leakage sampling circuit 6 collects the simulated leakage current, a level signal is generated after filtering and amplification to the electric leakage tripping electronic switch 10, and the electric leakage tripping electronic switch 10 is triggered to be conducted, so that the electronic release 2 is driven to work, and the circuit breaker is disconnected.

Further, after the main processing unit 3 sends the driving command, the calculation of the power consumption data is stopped, and after the power is re-powered on, the next calculation cycle is started.

In addition, the sampling unit 12 starts sampling as soon as it is powered on, and the main processing unit 3 receives the power consumption data transmitted from the sampling unit 12 in real time and stores the data in its internal storage unit.

To sum up, the utility model discloses a differentiation contrast of the power consumption data of current period and last period judges that the user just carries out the electric leakage when being at and tries jumping, and this technical scheme has avoided the electric leakage to try jumping the back and can not in time resume the power consumption and can bring for the user such as refrigerator food is rotten, losses such as goldfish oxygen deficiency death. The technical effects that the automatic detection of the leakage test tripping function is easy to popularize and implement, the electricity utilization safety of residents can be effectively protected are achieved, and the technical problem that in the prior art, a leakage circuit breaker cannot be timely switched on to recover power supply after the leakage test tripping is regularly carried out is solved.

The invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, without being limitative, and the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The representation in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the invention, the actual construction is not limited thereto, and any reference signs in the claims shall not limit the claims concerned. Therefore, if a person skilled in the art receives the teachings of the present invention, without inventive design, a similar structure and an embodiment to the above technical solution should be covered by the protection scope of the present patent. Furthermore, the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. Several of the elements recited in the product claims may also be implemented by one element in software or hardware. The terms first, second, etc. are used to denote names, but not any particular order.

Claims

1. An earth leakage circuit breaker comprises a main processing unit for generating an earth leakage driving signal; the tripping unit is used for realizing the circuit breaking of the circuit breaker; the sampling circuit is characterized by further comprising a sampling unit, wherein the sampling unit comprises a sampling circuit and is used for sampling current and voltage data or only sampling current data, and the sampled data are output to the main processing unit.

2. A residual current circuit breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that the sampling unit further comprises a current sampling device which is independently arranged and connected with the sampling circuit, and the current sampling device is used for sampling the current on the power grid line.

3. A residual current circuit breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that said current sampling means are a current transformer, a resistive shunt, a rogowski coil current sensor or a hall sensor.

4. A residual current circuit breaker as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that said trip unit comprises an electronic trip unit for receiving a residual current driving signal and performing a trip operation.

5. The residual current circuit breaker according to claim 4, wherein said trip unit further comprises a residual current transformer, a residual current sampling circuit, a diode and a residual current trip electronic switch; one end of the electronic release is connected with the anode of the diode, the cathode of the diode is connected with the anode of the electric leakage tripping electronic switch, and the other end of the electronic release is connected with the power grid line; the cathode of the electric leakage tripping electronic switch is connected with an electric network cable, and the control electrode of the electric leakage tripping electronic switch is connected with the output end of the electric leakage sampling circuit; and the leakage transformer is used for detecting a leakage current signal on the power grid line and outputting the leakage current signal to the leakage sampling circuit.

6. A residual current circuit breaker according to claim 5, characterized by further comprising a leakage trial tripping electronic switch, wherein the control pole of said leakage trial tripping electronic switch is connected with the main processing unit, and said leakage trial tripping electronic switch is connected with the leakage trial tripping key in parallel.

7. A residual current circuit breaker according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that it further comprises a communication unit, connected to the main processing unit, for carrying out data transmission.