CN212322648U - Radioactive strontium-containing wastewater treatment device - Google Patents
Radioactive strontium-containing wastewater treatment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN212322648U CN212322648U CN201921665861.6U CN201921665861U CN212322648U CN 212322648 U CN212322648 U CN 212322648U CN 201921665861 U CN201921665861 U CN 201921665861U CN 212322648 U CN212322648 U CN 212322648U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses an utilize device of compound dynamic membrane technology processing radioactivity strontium-containing waste water relates to radioactivity strontium-containing waste water treatment technical field. The device is mainly controlled by a PLC to operate, and the water inlet and outlet are controlled by liquid level priority. Composite dynamic membrane CaCO in membrane reactor3The crystal seeds are used as crystallization inducing factors for strengthening precipitation, filtrate rapidly passes through membrane pores in the filtering process, large shearing force is generated between the solution and the crystal seeds, the aim of strengthening coprecipitation and strontium removal is achieved, the adsorption effect of floc particles in the composite dynamic membrane also helps to remove strontium, and in addition, the floc forms a filter cake layer which can prevent small particles from enteringThe sludge enters the interior of the membrane hole, the composite strengthening structure can effectively delay membrane pollution, and the particles formed by the method have large and compact particle size and good settling property, thereby effectively improving the sludge concentration effect. The utility model discloses go out water effectual, strong operability, input cost are low, no secondary pollution, the actual use of being convenient for can extensively be used for among the radioactive wastewater's the treatment engineering.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a radioactive wastewater treatment field specifically is a processing apparatus of radioactive strontium-containing wastewater.
Background
After the accident of the first nuclear power station in the fukushima occurs, the treatment of radioactive wastewater is receiving more and more attention. Strontium, one of the major fission products of nuclear reactors, is considered to be a harmful radionuclide with a half-life of about 30 years. The radioactive nuclide strontium is easily absorbed by human bodies through respiration, daily diet and the like, once the radioactive nuclide strontium enters the human bodies, beta decay occurs, the number of white blood cells, red blood cells and blood platelets in the human bodies is obviously reduced, and leukemia and osteosarcoma can occur after the radioactive nuclide strontium is in the environment for a long time. Therefore, it is urgent to find a research means for selectively removing radioactive strontium in a low concentration aqueous solution, and the research means has been receiving much attention in recent years.
There are many techniques for treating radioactive wastewater, and the treatment of radioactive wastewater generally follows two basic principles: firstly, removing radioactive wastewater with extremely low content by transferring and weakening; and secondly, concentrating the radioactive wastewater with high, medium and low contents by a proper mode, and isolating to further treat the concentrated product. At present, a chemical precipitation method, an ion adsorption method, a membrane separation method and the like are widely applied methods for treating radioactive wastewater. For radioactive waste liquid with large volume and high salt content, a chemical precipitation method with simple process and low cost is often selected for treatment, but the decontamination effect of the method is common and flocculation is influenced. Although the ion adsorption method is economical and practical and is simple to operate, the adsorption capacity is low, and the practical application is not high. The membrane separation method can obtain higher decontamination factor when treating radioactive wastewater, but the problem of membrane pollution is serious. The prior art combining the precipitation method with the membrane technology has certain effect on the research of processing the radioactive nuclide, so that the combination of the precipitation method and the membrane technology into a coprecipitation method is an effective way for removing the radioactive nuclide, but the problem of membrane pollution still exists.
The radioactive wastewater treatment device in the prior art usually only has a single function of removing radioactive nuclides, and the wastewater treatment device is large in size, inconvenient to move and high in cost. Therefore, research on the radioactive strontium-containing wastewater is urgently needed, and a simple and low-cost process is designed for wastewater treatment, so that the radioactive strontium-containing wastewater meets the discharge standard and the harm to human and nature is reduced.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a treatment effect is good, go out the low-cost radioactive wastewater treatment device that water can directly discharge or retrieval and utilization to the above-mentioned problem. A radioactive strontium-containing wastewater treatment device comprises a movable cart and a wastewater treatment system arranged on the movable cart, wherein the wastewater treatment system comprises a wastewater tank, a water inlet pump, a sodium carbonate chemical storage barrel, a sodium carbonate chemical adding pump, a ferric chloride chemical storage barrel, a ferric chloride chemical adding pump, an air pump 1, an air pump 2, an air flow meter 1, an air flow meter 2, a PLC (programmable logic controller), a hollow fiber membrane, a membrane reactor, a water outlet pump, a water outlet constant level tank and a liquid flow meter, wherein a microporous aeration head and a sludge discharge valve are arranged at the bottom of the membrane reactor; the wastewater tank is connected with the membrane reactor through a water inlet pump; a water outlet pipe of a hollow fiber membrane in the membrane reactor is connected with a water outlet constant level tank and a water outlet liquid flow meter through a water outlet pump; the sodium carbonate medicine storage barrel is connected with the membrane reactor through a sodium carbonate medicine adding pump; the ferric chloride medicine storage barrel is connected to the membrane reactor through a ferric chloride dosing pump; the air pump 1 is connected with an air flow meter 1 and then connected to the hollow fiber membrane; the air pump 2 is connected with the air flow meter 2 and then connected with a microporous aeration head above a mud valve at the bottom of the membrane reactor; the water inlet pump, the sodium carbonate dosing pump, the ferric chloride dosing pump, the air pump 1, the air pump 2 and the water outlet pump are controlled to operate by a PLC.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
preferably, the raw water of strontium chloride is selected and stored in the waste water tank in the test, the material is polyvinyl chloride, and the solution in the waste water tank is uniformly stirred by a submersible pump.
Preferably, the strontium-containing wastewater is pumped into the membrane reactor from the wastewater tank through a water inlet pump, the water inlet pump is a peristaltic pump, and a high-low liquid level sensor and a hollow fiber membrane are arranged in the membrane reactor.
Preferably, a perforated aeration system is arranged in the membrane reactor, and a microporous aeration head is arranged at the bottom of the membrane reactor and is respectively connected with an air pump 1 and an air pump 2.
Preferably, the air pump 1 and the air pump 2 are started to aerate the sodium carbonate medicine adding pump at the same time of adding the sodium carbonate medicine, the air pump 1 is started when the FeCl3 medicine is added, the iron chloride medicine adding pump is started at the flow rate of 100r/min, and water is directly discharged after the completion of the adding of the FeCl3 medicine, wherein the water discharge flow rate is 21L/h.
Firstly, plating Fe (OH) on a hollow fiber membrane in a membrane reactor3/CaCO3The method comprises the steps of compounding a dynamic membrane, pumping strontium-containing wastewater into a membrane reactor from a wastewater tank to a working liquid level through a water inlet pump, then adding a precipitant sodium carbonate, fully reacting with strontium ions in the wastewater to generate strontium carbonate precipitate under the action of aeration of an air pump 1, settling large particles to the bottom end of the membrane reactor, re-reacting small particles with a saturated solution of sodium carbonate in the aeration process, transferring more strontium ions in a liquid phase to a solid phase, and then attaching to originally generated particles, so that the particles are settled to the bottom of the reactor as the particle size becomes larger, and further the sludge concentration effect in the membrane reactor is improved. The membrane filaments are connected with an air pump 2, and large particles attached to the membrane in the reaction process are shaken off under the aeration action of the air pump 2Attached to on the bottom granule, play the effect that slows down the membrane pollution, and the tiny particle continues the adhesion on the membrane surface, forms the filter cake layer, and the filter cake layer can prevent that most granule from getting into the membrane hole, improves the filterability of membrane, improves and removes the strontium effect. After the addition of a certain amount of precipitator, FeCl is added3The solution is jected to double hydrolysis reaction to obtain Fe (OH)3Flocs which adsorb and remove strontium in the process of membrane filtration effluent, and loose floc filter cake layers can also relieve membrane pollution to a certain extent.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the whole process device is arranged on the cart body, has compact structure, is convenient to control and is more beneficial to moving.
2. The cooperation pushes away the automobile body size, equipment all adopts the cuboid structure, and the device overall layout is compact reasonable.
3. The process combines a chemical precipitation method with a membrane technology to treat wastewater, strontium ions are transferred to a solid phase from a liquid phase by adding a precipitator, the purpose of strengthening coprecipitation release can be achieved for radionuclide strontium in the wastewater, the decontamination factor and the concentration multiple of strontium removal can be obviously improved, the secondary pollution of radioactive substances is reduced while the strontium removal effect is improved, a filter cake layer formed by flocs on a composite dynamic membrane can prevent small particles from entering the inside of membrane pores, the filtration performance of the membrane is improved, the membrane pollution is delayed, and meanwhile, the flocs can also adsorb the strontium removal in the membrane filtration process, so that the strontium removal effect is improved.
4. The process system can continuously operate, intelligent operation maintenance and operation management are simple, the labor intensity is reduced, the operation management is safe and reliable, and the effluent meets the third-level discharge standard of the integrated wastewater discharge standard of Tianjin. Compared with other radioactive wastewater treatment devices, the device has the advantages of obviously enhanced treatment effect, small occupied area, less manpower investment, convenient movement, low cost and strong applicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1: experiment device chart of utility model
In the figure: 1-a wastewater tank; 2-a water inlet pump; 3-sodium carbonate medicine storage barrel; 4-sodium carbonate dosing pump; 5-ferric chloride medicine storage barrel; 6-ferric chloride dosing pump; 7-air pump 1; 8-air pump 2; 9-an air flow meter 1; 10-air flow meter 2; 11-PLC; 12-hollow fiber membranes; 13-a membrane reactor; 14-a water outlet pump; 15-water outlet constant-level tank; 16-a liquid flow meter; 17-a mud valve; 18-microporous aeration head.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments, which are illustrative, not restrictive, and the scope of the invention should not be limited thereto.
The device of the utility model is shown in the attached drawings. The effective volume of the strontium-containing wastewater tank is 386L, the membrane reactor is made of organic glass, the bottom of the membrane reactor is a cone, the upper part of the membrane reactor is a cylinder, and the effective volume of the membrane reactor is 12.5L. The membrane reactor is internally provided with a perforated aeration pipe, a microporous aeration head and a hollow fiber microfiltration membrane component with the aperture of 0.22 mu m or 0.45 mu m and the effective area of 0.5m2(ii) a In addition, two liquid levels of a low liquid level and a working liquid level are also arranged in the membrane reactor, and a sludge discharge valve is arranged at the bottom of the membrane reactor. The water inlet pump and the water outlet pump are peristaltic pumps, and the water outlet and the air flow meter are all rotor flow meters. The device adopts PLC (programmable logic controller) control and full-automatic operation, and the PLC adopts general technique programming. The device is continuously operated for 24h every day, wherein the hydraulic cyclone reactor is continuously fed with water, the membrane separator is intermittently discharged with water, the operation is carried out for 9min every 10min, and the operation is stopped for 1 min.
The specific operation process is as follows: adding strontium chloride into a waste water tank (1) made of polyvinyl chloride, preparing simulated radioactive strontium-containing waste water with set concentration, and stirring for 30min by using a submersible pump to ensure that the waste water is uniform. To the membrane reactor (13) was added 12.5L of deionized water, 13.97mL of FeCl3Solution, 186.95mL of Na2CO3The air pump (7, 8) is turned on to aerate and stir the solution for 20min, and Fe (OH) is obtained after the double hydrolysis reaction3And (3) flocculating, then opening a water outlet pump (14) to discharge water, wherein the flow rate of the discharged water is 12.5L/h, opening a mud valve (17) when the liquid level reaches a low level, and closing the valve after the discharged water is completely discharged, namely plating the flocculating on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane (12). Then 12.5L of strontium chloride solution is added into the membrane reactor (13) through a water inlet pump, 12.5g of calcium carbonate seed crystal with the size of 35.56 mu m is added, and thenTurning on air pump (7, 8) for aeration stirring for 20min, turning on water pump (14) to low liquid level, and discharging water through membrane to obtain calcium carbonate (CaCO)3) And plating a seed crystal on the floc to finish the preparation of the composite dynamic film. Then starting a PLC (11), pumping a strontium chloride solution in a water tank into a membrane reactor (13) to a working liquid level (0.87m) by lifting a water inlet pump (2), then adding sodium carbonate in a sodium carbonate storage barrel (3) into the membrane reactor (13) by a sodium carbonate dosing pump (4), dosing for 2min, simultaneously starting air pumps (1, 2, 7, 8), operating for 15min, standing for 10min, fully aerating and stirring in the operation process to fully react the sodium carbonate solution with strontium-containing wastewater in the membrane reactor, uniformly distributing system suspension in the reactor, transferring strontium ions from a liquid phase to a solid phase, namely generating strontium carbonate precipitate, realizing nuclide enhanced coprecipitation, sinking large particles to the bottom of the membrane reactor under the action of gravity, and reacting small particles with a saturated solution again to form large particles attached to originally generated particles in the aeration process, make the granule particle diameter change more greatly and sink to the reactor bottom more, thereby the sludge concentration effect in the membrane reactor has been increased, and operation process cavity air pump (7) blows the membrane silk again, make the large granule shake off and attach to on bottom granule, play the effect that slows down the membrane pollution, and the tiny particle continues the adhesion on the membrane surface, form the filter cake layer, the filter cake layer can prevent that most granule from getting into the membrane hole, improve the filtering quality of membrane, improve and remove the strontium effect, adopt gas mass flow controller (9, 10) to maintain invariable aeration rate, perforation aeration pipe aeration rate is 0.25m3H, the micropore aeration head is 0.2m3H is used as the reference value. Then a ferric chloride dosing pump (6) adds ferric chloride in a ferric chloride storage barrel (5) into the membrane reactor (13) to generate Fe (OH)3Flocs are adsorbed to remove strontium in the membrane filtration process, meanwhile, the membrane pollution can be relieved to a certain extent by a loose floc cake layer, a water outlet pump (14) is started after the chemicals are added for 2min, so that the solution in the membrane reactor is filtered by a composite dynamic hollow fiber membrane (12), the water outlet pump is a peristaltic pump, the operation is carried out for 9min, the operation is stopped for 1min, when the liquid level of the membrane reactor (13) reaches a low liquid level (0.33m), the water outlet pump (14) stops working, the operation is an experiment operation period, and a mud valve (17) is opened to discharge mud after the whole experiment is finished. Flow rate of liquidThe meter (16) is used for observing the effluent flow of the membrane effluent, and the effluent constant tank (15) is used for recording transmembrane pressure difference.
Example 1: a composite dynamic membrane is prepared by using a hollow fiber membrane with the aperture of 0.45 mu m as a basement membrane, simulated radioactive strontium-containing wastewater with the strontium concentration of 5.701mg/L is treated by the device, the treated water amount is 300L, and the hollow fiber membrane is firstly plated with Fe (OH)3/CaCO3Compounding a dynamic membrane, starting a PLC (programmable logic controller), continuously operating the device, treating water quantity of the device is 7.157L/h, adding sodium carbonate in an experiment at 149g/L and ferric chloride in an experiment at 18g/L at fixed time intervals, taking hollow fiber membrane filtrate in a 100 mL plastic reagent bottle, and adding 2% nitric acid to store the filtrate to be tested. The strontium concentration of the inlet and outlet water was measured using inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). The average strontium concentration of the effluent is 0.024mg/L, the average concentration multiple of the process is 5823, and the average decontamination factor is 985.
Example 2: a composite dynamic membrane was prepared by using a hollow fiber membrane having a pore size of 0.22 μm as a base membrane, and by using the apparatus for treating a simulated radioactive strontium-containing wastewater having a strontium concentration of 5.356mg/L in an amount of 120L, the hollow fiber membrane was first coated with Fe (OH)3/CaCO3Compounding a dynamic membrane, starting a PLC (programmable logic controller), continuously operating the device, wherein the treated water amount of the device is 7.157L/h, the adding amount of sodium carbonate in the experiment is 149g/L, the adding amount of ferric chloride in the experiment is 18g/L, taking the hollow fiber membrane filtrate at fixed time intervals into a 100 mL plastic reagent bottle, and adding 2% nitric acid to store the hollow fiber membrane filtrate to be tested. The strontium concentration in the inlet and outlet water was measured by inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The average strontium concentration of effluent is 0.0066mg/L, the average concentration multiple of the process is 3538, and the average decontamination factor is 1718.
The above embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit the present invention, and all equivalent substitutions, changes and modifications made within the spirit and scope of the present invention and the appended claims should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a radioactive strontium-containing wastewater treatment device which characterized in that: the radioactive strontium-containing wastewater treatment device comprises a movable cart and a wastewater treatment system arranged on the movable cart, wherein the wastewater treatment system comprises a wastewater tank, a water inlet pump, a sodium carbonate chemical storage barrel, a sodium carbonate chemical adding pump, a ferric chloride chemical storage barrel, a ferric chloride chemical adding pump, an air pump 1, an air pump 2, an air flow meter 1, an air flow meter 2, a PLC (programmable logic controller), a hollow fiber membrane, a membrane reactor, a water outlet pump, a water outlet constant-level tank and a liquid flow meter, wherein a microporous aeration head and a sludge discharge valve are arranged at the bottom of the membrane reactor, equipment at each stage are sequentially connected in parallel through pipelines and are independently controlled, and the flow of the whole treatment device mainly comprises a water inlet stage, a chemical adding pump chemical inlet stage, an aeration stage, a standing stage, a chemical adding pump chemical inlet stage and a water outlet stage; the wastewater tank is connected with the membrane reactor through a water inlet pump; a water outlet pipe of a hollow fiber membrane in the membrane reactor is connected with a water outlet constant level tank and a water outlet liquid flow meter through a water outlet pump; the sodium carbonate medicine storage barrel is connected with the membrane reactor through a sodium carbonate medicine adding pump; the ferric chloride medicine storage barrel is connected to the membrane reactor through a ferric chloride dosing pump; the air pump 1 is connected with an air flow meter 1 and then connected to the hollow fiber membrane; the air pump 2 is connected with the air flow meter 2 and then connected with a microporous aeration head above a mud valve at the bottom of the membrane reactor; the water inlet pump, the sodium carbonate dosing pump, the ferric chloride dosing pump, the air pump 1, the air pump 2 and the water outlet pump are controlled to operate by a PLC.
2. The radioactive strontium-containing wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: in the test, a waste water tank is selected to prepare and store raw strontium chloride water, the material of the raw strontium chloride water is polyvinyl chloride, and solution in the waste water tank is uniformly stirred by a submersible pump.
3. The radioactive strontium-containing wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the strontium-containing wastewater is pumped into a membrane reactor from a wastewater tank through a water inlet pump, the water inlet pump is a peristaltic pump, and a high-low liquid level sensor and a hollow fiber membrane are arranged in the membrane reactor.
4. The radioactive strontium-containing wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the inside of the membrane reactor is provided with a perforation aeration system, and the bottom of the membrane reactor is provided with a microporous aeration head which is respectively connected with an air pump 1 and an air pump 2.
5. The radioactive strontium-containing wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the air pumps 1 and 2 are started to aerate while adding sodium carbonate, the flow rate of the sodium carbonate dosing pump is 21mL/min, and FeCl is added3And (3) starting the air pump 1 during medicine application, controlling the flow of the ferric chloride medicine application pump to be 100r/min, and directly discharging water after the operation is finished, wherein the water discharge flow is 21L/h.
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| CN112635091A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2021-04-09 | 天津科技大学 | Processing apparatus of radioactive strontium-containing wastewater |
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| CN112635091A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2021-04-09 | 天津科技大学 | Processing apparatus of radioactive strontium-containing wastewater |
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