CN212318048U - Prestressed expansion shell anchor rod - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a prestressed shell-expanding anchor rod, which comprises an expanding shell, and an expanding shell inner wedge and an anchor rod which are arranged at two ends of the expanding shell, wherein the expanding shell comprises an expanding shell connecting part and an expanding shell piece, and the expanding shell piece is circumferentially arranged on the expanding shell connecting part; the inner wedge of the expansion shell is in sliding contact with the top of the expansion shell; the anchor rod comprises an anchor rod body, one end of the anchor rod body is fixedly provided with a screw rod through a connecting sleeve, the screw rod is in transmission connection with the inner wedge of the expanding shell through threads, and the top of the connecting sleeve is in extrusion contact with the bottom of the expanding shell; rotating the anchor rod to drive the inner wedge of the expansion shell to move towards the inside of the expansion shell to push the expansion shell pieces to deform outwards until the connection part of the expansion shell is broken, and finally expanding the expansion shell pieces until the hole wall applies prestress to the rock body; meanwhile, a construction method of the prestressed expanding shell anchor rod is also provided. The utility model has the advantages of with low costs, the anchor performance is good and be convenient for realize mechanized, automatic operation.

Description

Prestressed expansion shell anchor rod

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a geotechnical engineering anchor struts technical field, especially relates to a prestressing force shell stock that rises.

Background

In the construction process of underground engineering, mine roadway, railway tunnel, slope protection and military engineering, in order to prevent stratum deformation, collapse and instability, the stratum needs to be reinforced, the adopted main measure is to embed a mortar anchor rod or an anchor rod with an expansion shell head in the stratum, and the stratum forms an integral reinforcing structure by utilizing the tension of the anchor rod and concrete grouting body integrated with the anchor rod, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling deformation.

Compared with the common mortar anchor rod, the prestressed anchor rod body has the following advantages: 1. a rock compression zone is formed by applying prestress on a rock body between the inner anchor head and the outer anchor head; 2) continuously installing prestressed anchor rods in a rock body, and forming a compression bearing layer with a certain thickness in mutually overlapped and crossed compression areas; 3) particularly in tunnel engineering, a compression area formed by the prestressed anchor rods can form a bearing arch of a rock body, and under the action of an arch effect, the self-bearing capacity of the surrounding rock is fully adjusted, and the resistance to the surrounding rock outside the arch is greatly improved. The prestressed anchor rods comprise rapid explosive cartridges, shell-expanding anchor rods and the like. The shell-expanding anchor rod is generally composed of basic components such as an expanding shell, a rod body, a base plate and a nut, and other components such as a ball pad, a grouting pipe, an exhaust pipe, a grout stop plug and a centering device are added when necessary, so that the shell-expanding anchor rod belongs to a mechanical anchor rod capable of being prestressed.

Compare with stock such as quick cartridge, under the condition that drilling depth, body of rod length are equivalent, the rock compression district scope that the shell stock that rises formed is bigger, can provide better anchor effect. Meanwhile, the instantaneity of the shell expansion anchor rod for providing prestress is also more advantageous because the anchoring body does not need to be waited for to be solidified. The utility model discloses a grouting anchor rod as the utility model with the application number of CN201510711711.4, which comprises an anchor rod body, a wedge body and a drill bit which are coaxially arranged, wherein one end of the wedge body is inserted into the anchor rod body, and the other end of the wedge body is connected with the drill bit; grouting channels are communicated on the anchor rod body, the wedge body and the drill bit; when the anchor rod body rotates in the same direction as the cutting direction of the drill bit, the relative positions of the anchor rod body, the wedge body and the drill bit are fixed, the anchor rod body drives the wedge body and the drill bit to synchronously rotate, and meanwhile, the use method of the grouting anchor rod is also disclosed. This patent function is comprehensive, can accomplish in succession in a construction and creep into, anchor and slip casting, still the problem that exists has: the structure is complicated, and manufacturing cost is high, and stock body and tail-end nut rely on manual operation for running through the setting, are difficult for realizing mechanized operation, and members such as construction back stock body expose outside the rock mass, need cut because of factors such as technological requirement, security to increase construction cost, reduce the efficiency of construction.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a prestressing force that low in production cost, anchor performance are good and be convenient for realize mechanization, automation mechanized operation rises shell stock.

The purpose of the utility model is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:

a prestressed shell-expanding anchor rod comprises an expanding shell, and shell-expanding inner wedges and anchor rods which are arranged at two ends of the expanding shell, wherein the expanding shell comprises a shell-expanding connecting part and shell-expanding pieces, and the shell-expanding pieces are circumferentially arranged on the shell-expanding connecting part; the inner wedge of the expansion shell is in sliding contact with the top of the expansion shell; the anchor rod comprises an anchor rod body, one end of the anchor rod body is fixedly provided with a screw rod through a connecting sleeve, the screw rod is in transmission connection with the inner wedge of the expanding shell through threads, and the top of the connecting sleeve is in extrusion contact with the bottom of the expanding shell; the anchor rod is rotated to drive the inner wedge of the expansion shell to gradually move towards the inner part of the expansion shell to push the expansion shell pieces to deform outwards until the connection part of the expansion shell is broken, so that the expansion shell pieces expand to the hole wall to apply prestress on the rock mass.

Furthermore, the shell expansion connecting part and the shell expansion pieces are integrally formed, an inner conical surface and an inner annular surface are arranged on the inner side of each shell expansion piece from top to bottom, a squeezing surface matched with the top of the connecting sleeve is arranged on the inner side of the bottom end of each shell expansion connecting part, and a gap is formed between every two adjacent shell expansion pieces; preferably, the extrusion surface is an annular inclined surface.

Furthermore, the shell expansion connecting part and the shell expansion piece are of a split structure, an inner conical surface and an inner annular surface are arranged on the inner side of the shell expansion piece from top to bottom, a squeezing surface matched with the top of the connecting sleeve is arranged on the inner side of the bottom end of the shell expansion piece, and a gap is formed in the shell expansion connecting part; preferably, the extrusion surface is an annular inclined surface.

Furthermore, the outer side of the shell expansion sheet is provided with continuously arranged sawteeth.

Furthermore, a base plate and a driving nut are arranged at the end part of the anchor rod body, two ends of the anchor rod body are fixedly installed with the driving nut and the connecting sleeve respectively, and the driving nut is rotated to enable the anchor rod body to rotate and extrude the connecting part of the expansion shell through the connecting sleeve; preferably, the drive nut is provided as a blind nut.

Further, an independent extrusion head is arranged at the top of the connecting sleeve.

Furthermore, the anchor rod body is a hollow anchor rod, and a grout outlet is formed in the connecting sleeve.

The utility model also provides a construction method based on this prestressing force shell stock that rises, including following step:

s1 drilling: drilling an anchor hole in the rock mass through a drill bit;

and (3) mounting the S2 component: inserting a pre-assembled shell expansion anchor rod component into the anchor hole to enable the backing plate to be tightly attached to the rock wall of the anchor hole opening;

s3 anchoring: and the driving nut is rotated, and the anchor rod body rotates to drive the connecting sleeve and the screw rod to rotate, so that the inner wedge of the expansion shell moves towards the outer side of the anchor hole and pushes the expansion shell to realize the fixation and prestress application on the anchor hole.

The step S3 includes the following sub-steps:

initial stage of S31: when the anchor rod is rotated, the connecting sleeve is always extruded on the bottom surface of the expanding shell at the beginning, and when the inner wedge of the expanding shell slides into the expanding shell, the expanding shell piece is pushed to deform outwards and cling to the hole wall, so that the expanding shell is fixed;

s32 intermediate stage: the anchor rod continues to rotate, and when the torque exceeds a certain value and the extrusion force of the connecting sleeve exceeds the strength limit of the connecting part of the expansion shell, the connecting part of the expansion shell is broken to give out an internal space;

s33 end stage: and continuing to rotate the anchor rod, driving the upper end of the anchor rod body to move upwards through the connecting sleeve by the screw rod, elastically extending the anchor rod, applying axial pretightening force to the inner wedge of the expanding shell and the expanding shell, and transmitting the axial pretightening force to the rock wall of the anchor hole opening through the anchor rod body, the driving nut and the base plate to complete the applying action of the prestress of the expanding shell anchor rod.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model reside in that:

1. the utility model discloses a unique setting rises shell structure that rises of shell connecting portion, compares with the ordinary shell that rises, and the shell structural component that should rise still less, can reduction in production cost.

2. The utility model discloses a shell connecting portion that rises has the first state that connects the shell piece that rises to and make the shell piece that rises expand to the second state of applying prestressing force to the hole wall rock mass after the fracture, set up the sawtooth structure in the shell piece outside that rises, improved the area of contact of shell and country rock pore wall effectively after the shell that rises is opened, constitute the firm bearing structure to the anchor eye through the shell that rises, the shell inner wedge that rises and screw rod simultaneously, thereby improved the shell anchor power that rises greatly.

3. More generally shell stock that rises, the utility model discloses not only improve the packaging efficiency because of the simple structure of the shell portion that rises, and need not to expose the part to the stock body and cut, reduce the construction step, especially drive nut adopts the blind nut structure, easily realizes continuous, mechanized automatic operation, can show promotion work efficiency.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a shell expansion of the prestressed shell expansion anchor rod of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a sectional view of an anchoring part of the prestressed expanding shell anchor rod of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a sectional view of the anchoring part of the prestressed expanding shell anchor rod of the present invention when the extrusion head is disposed;

fig. 4 is an overall structure diagram of the prestressed expanding shell anchor rod of the utility model;

fig. 5 is a structural diagram of the prestressed expanding shell anchor rod of the utility model, which is arranged as a hollow anchor rod body;

fig. 6 is a construction state diagram of the prestressed expanding shell yielding anchor rod of the utility model;

FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the prestressed expanding shell yielding anti-seismic anchor rod of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a perspective view of another expanding shell of the prestressed expanding shell anchor rod of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a perspective view of another shell-expanding piece of the prestressed shell-expanding anchor rod of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a perspective exploded view of another expanding shell of the prestressed expanding shell anchor rod of the present invention;

the labels and counterparts in the figures are: 1-shell expansion sheet, 10-shell expansion connecting part, 11-annular body, 12-sawtooth, 13-extrusion surface, 14-inner annular surface, 15-inner conical surface, 2-shell expansion connecting piece, 21-notch, 3-shell expansion inner wedge, 30-cone, 31-outer conical surface, 4-anchor rod, 40-grout outlet, 41-connecting sleeve, 42-screw rod, 5-extrusion head, 6-anchor rod body, 7-backing plate, 8-driving nut and 9-anchor hole.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the following description of the present invention is made only by way of illustration and not by way of limitation with reference to the accompanying drawings. The various embodiments may be combined with each other to form other embodiments not shown in the following description.

The utility model provides a pair of prestressing force shell stock that rises when simple structure, reduce cost, can also reach good anchor effect to and realize higher work efficiency through mechanized operation, thereby make the price/performance ratio obviously promote.

The shell expansion anchor rod is provided with a shell expansion as shown in fig. 1, the shell expansion comprises a shell expansion connecting part 10 and shell expansion pieces 1 which are integrally formed, the shell expansion pieces 1 are annularly arranged on the shell expansion connecting part 10, the number of the shell expansion pieces 1 is more than two, the shell expansion pieces 1 are identical and uniformly arranged, gaps are formed between the adjacent shell expansion pieces 1, and the shell expansion connecting part 10 can break from the gaps when external force exceeds the strength limit of the shell expansion connecting part, so that the shell expansion pieces 1 can expand outwards; in the embodiment, the number of the shell expansion pieces 1 is four, so that the contact area between the shell expansion pieces and the wall of the surrounding rock hole is effectively increased, and the anchoring force of the shell expansion pieces is increased;

as shown in fig. 2, the shell-expanding anchor rod comprises a shell expanding, shell expanding inner wedges 3 and an anchor rod 4, wherein the shell expanding inner wedges 3 and the anchor rod 4 are arranged at two ends of the shell expanding, all the components are made of alloy steel, cast iron and the like, the shell expanding inner wedges 3 are movably embedded into the top of the shell expanding, the anchor rod 4 comprises an anchor rod body 6, one end of the anchor rod body 6 is fixedly provided with a screw rod 42 through a connecting sleeve 41, the screw rod 42 is in threaded transmission connection with the shell expanding inner wedges 3, and the top of the connecting sleeve 41 is in extrusion contact with;

the inner wedge 3 of the expanding shell is of a conical nut structure and comprises a cone 30, a through hole with internal threads is arranged in the cone 30, an external conical surface 31 of the cone 30 is in sliding contact with an internal conical surface 15 of the expanding shell, the internal side of the expanding shell piece 1 is vertically provided with the internal conical surface 15 and an internal annular surface 14, the internal side of the bottom end of the connecting part 10 of the expanding shell is provided with a squeezing surface 13 matched with the top of the connecting sleeve 41, the squeezing surface 13 is an annular inclined surface to enhance the squeezing effect, and the external side of the expanding shell piece 1 is provided with continuously arranged sawteeth 12 which can effectively increase the friction force between the expanding;

for the present shell stock that rises, the utility model provides a shell structural component that rises of shell stock that rises of prestressing force is few, the design is simpler, easily realize standardized production, and is with low costs, the equipment is convenient, the shell connecting portion 10 that rises has the first state that the connection rises shell piece 1, and make after the fracture rise shell piece 1 expand to the second state of exerting prestressing force to the hole wall rock mass, the outside sawtooth 12 structure of shell that rises is good with pore wall adhesive force, simultaneously through rising the shell, rise the firm bearing structure of shell inner wedge and screw rod constitution to the anchor eye, not only the operation is stable, good reliability, the anchor effect of shell that rises has still been promoted greatly.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the top of the connecting sleeve 41 may not have the extrusion surface 13, but be provided as an independent extrusion head 5, the top of the extrusion head 5 is movably contacted with the extrusion surface 13 at the bottom of the expanding shell, and has the advantages of simple structure and low manufacturing cost, the other end of the anchor rod body 6 is provided with a backing plate 7 and a driving nut 8 to form a set of prestressed expanding shell anchor rods fixed in the anchor hole 9;

by rotating the driving nut 8, the anchor rod body 6 rotates to drive the connecting sleeve 41 and the screw rod 42 to rotate, the top of the connecting sleeve 41 or the extrusion head 5 compresses the bottom of the shell expansion connecting part 10, the screw rod 42 drives the shell expansion inner wedge 3 to move towards the inner side of the shell expansion piece 1 and apply pressing force to the shell expansion piece 1, the shell expansion deforms under the action of force at the upper end and the lower end, the shell expansion connecting part 10 is broken due to the fact that the strength of the shell expansion inner wedge exceeds the strength limit, the shell expansion is enabled to be attached to the hole wall more tightly, and prestress application action and rock stratum compression effect on the anchor hole 9 are achieved;

in this embodiment, set up driving nut 8 to blind nut, set up the external screw thread on the stock body 6, set up the internal thread on adapter sleeve 41, stock body 6 is fastening installation and constitutes a body structure with driving nut 8 and adapter sleeve 41, under the drive of blind nut, rises shell inner wedge 3 and stock body 6 and be the opposite movement, promptly: the driving nut 8 is rotated, the inner wedge 3 of the expanding shell moves towards the inside of the expanding shell (outside the anchor hole 9) along the screw rod 42, and the anchor rod body 6 moves towards the inside of the anchor hole 9, so that the anchor rod body 6 is ensured not to be exposed;

further, as shown in fig. 5, the anchor rod body 6 may be provided as a hollow anchor rod 4, and a grout outlet 40 is provided on the connecting sleeve 41, so that grouting of the anchor rod 4 is facilitated, and thus the anchoring performance is enhanced.

As shown in fig. 8 and 10, the utility model provides a shell that rises of shell stock is risen to prestressing force, another kind of form is for adopting split type structure (adopting independent shell connecting piece 2 that rises), promptly: the expansion shell comprises an expansion shell connecting piece 2 and expansion shell pieces 1 which are embedded in the expansion shell connecting piece 2 in an annular shape, the number of the expansion shell pieces 1 is more than two, the expansion shell pieces 1 are the same in shape and are uniformly arranged, the expansion shell connecting piece 2 is annular, and the upper part of the expansion shell connecting piece 2 is provided with a plurality of gaps 21 for fracture;

preferably, the number of the notches 21 is two or more, the notches 21 are symmetrically arranged in the same shape, and the notches 21 have a U-shaped or V-shaped structure.

As shown in fig. 9, the inner side of the shell expansion piece 1 is provided with an inner conical surface 15, an inner annular surface 14 and a squeezing surface 13 which are arranged up and down, wherein the squeezing surface 13 is an annular inclined surface and is arranged at the inner side of the bottom end of the shell expansion piece 1, the squeezing surface 13 is matched with the top of the connecting sleeve 41 or the squeezing head 5, the outer side of the shell expansion piece 1 is provided with saw teeth 12 which increase friction force and are arranged continuously, and the bottom of the shell expansion piece 1 is provided with an annular body 11 with an outer annular surface.

As shown in fig. 6, the construction process of the present invention includes the following steps: 1) drilling: drilling an anchor hole 9 in the rock body through a drill bit; 2) assembly installation: inserting a pre-assembled shell expansion anchor rod component into the anchor hole 9 to enable the backing plate 7 to be tightly attached to the rock wall of the opening of the anchor hole 9; 3) anchoring: the driving nut 8 is rotated, the anchor rod body 6 rotates to drive the connecting sleeve 41 and the screw rod 42 to rotate, so that the inner wedge 3 of the expanding shell moves towards the outer side of the anchor hole 9 and pushes the expanding shell to realize the fixation on the anchor hole 9 and the application of prestress;

as shown in fig. 7, the anchoring step can be particularly divided into the following sub-steps:

a) an initial stage: because the connecting sleeve 41 is always extruded on the bottom surface of the expanding shell, the expanding shell inner wedge 3 pushes the expanding shell piece 1 to deform outwards and cling to the hole wall when sliding in the expanding shell, and the expanding shell is fixed;

b) an intermediate stage: the anchor rod 4 is continuously rotated, when the torque exceeds a certain value and the extrusion force of the connecting sleeve 41 exceeds the strength limit of the expansion shell connecting part 10, the expansion shell connecting part 10 is broken, and an internal space is made available;

c) and (5) finishing: continuing to rotate the anchor rod 4, driving the upper end of the anchor rod body 6 to move upwards through the connecting sleeve 41 by the screw rod 42, elastically extending the anchor rod 4, and applying axial pretightening force to the inner wedge 3 and the expanding shell, wherein at the moment, the axial pretightening force is transmitted to the rock wall at the opening of the anchor hole 9 through the anchor rod body 6, the driving nut 8 and the backing plate 7 to complete the action of applying the prestress of the anchor rod 4;

in the existing construction method of the expanding shell anchor rod, such as the patent of application No. CN201510711711.4 and application No. CN201910265475.6, the anchor rod body needs to move outwards the anchor hole in the construction process, so that the outer end of the anchor rod body extends out of the rock mass outside the anchor hole after the operation is finished. Based on factors such as safety and technological requirements, redundant anchor rod bodies at exposed ends need to be cut off, and at present, the cutting step depends on manual operation, so that the operation steps are increased, the construction efficiency is reduced, and the problems of increased engineering cost, material waste and the like are caused.

With the utility model provides a prestressing force rises construction method of shell stock, through the drive rise shell inner wedge 3 along the screw rod of the stock body 6 remove make rise shell expand to the cliff, the stock body 6 stops throughout in the anchor eye 9 in its execution flow, therefore its construction method need not the cutting step, construction step is simple, is convenient for realize mechanical automation operation, improves work efficiency by a wide margin.

The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby, and any insubstantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a shell stock rises in prestressing force, is expanding shell wedge, stock, its characterized in that including the shell that rises and setting at the shell that rises both ends: the expansion shell comprises an expansion shell connecting part and expansion shell pieces, and the expansion shell pieces are circumferentially arranged on the expansion shell connecting part; the inner wedge of the expansion shell is in sliding contact with the top of the expansion shell; the anchor rod comprises an anchor rod body, one end of the anchor rod body is fixedly provided with a screw rod through a connecting sleeve, the screw rod is in transmission connection with the inner wedge of the expanding shell through threads, and the top of the connecting sleeve is in extrusion contact with the bottom of the expanding shell; the anchor rod is rotated to drive the inner wedge of the expansion shell to move towards the inner part of the expansion shell to push the expansion shell pieces to deform outwards until the connection part of the expansion shell is broken, so that the expansion shell pieces expand to the hole wall to apply prestress on the rock mass.

2. The prestressed shell-expanding rock bolt of claim 1, wherein: the shell connecting part and the shell expanding pieces are integrally formed, an inner conical surface and an inner annular surface are arranged on the inner side of each shell expanding piece from top to bottom, a squeezing surface matched with the top of the connecting sleeve is arranged on the inner side of the bottom end of each shell expanding connecting part, and a gap is formed between every two adjacent shell expanding pieces.

3. The prestressed shell-expanding rock bolt of claim 1, wherein: the shell expansion connecting part and the shell expansion piece are of a split structure, an inner conical surface and an inner annular surface are arranged on the inner side of the shell expansion piece from top to bottom, a squeezing surface matched with the top of the connecting sleeve is arranged on the inner side of the bottom end of the shell expansion piece, and a notch is formed in the shell expansion connecting part.

4. The prestressed shell-expanding rock bolt of claim 1, wherein: the outer side of the shell expansion sheet is provided with continuously arranged sawteeth.

5. The prestressed shell-expanding rock bolt of claim 1, wherein: the anchor rod body is characterized in that a base plate and a driving nut are arranged at the end part of the anchor rod body, two ends of the anchor rod body are fixedly installed with the driving nut and a connecting sleeve respectively, the driving nut is a blind nut, and the driving nut is rotated to enable the anchor rod body to rotate and extrude the connecting part of the expansion shell through the connecting sleeve.

6. The prestressed shell-expanding rock bolt of claim 1, wherein: the top of the connecting sleeve is provided with an independent extrusion head.

7. A prestressed shell-expanding rock bolt according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the anchor rod body is a hollow anchor rod, and the connecting sleeve is provided with a grout outlet.

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