CN212316882U

CN212316882U - Improved device for cone dynamic penetration test

Info

Publication number: CN212316882U
Application number: CN202020599259.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨笑男; 刘建刚; 李连营; 孙怀军
Original assignee: Tianjin Survey And Design Institute Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Tianjin Survey And Design Institute Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-20
Filing date: 2020-04-20
Publication date: 2021-01-08
Anticipated expiration: 2030-04-20

Abstract

The utility model provides a circular cone power penetration test improves device, belongs to geotechnical engineering investigation normal position test field, including setting up the center-penetrating hammer subassembly in the hammer bolster upper end, the center-penetrating hammer subassembly includes basic hammer, well hammer and top hammer, and the basic hammer is the T shape of inversion, and the basic hammer includes tup and guide bar, and the guide bar is established perpendicularly in the up end of tup, and the inside of guide bar is equipped with the guiding hole that supplies the pad of hanging down to pass through, and the outer lane of the upper end of guide bar is equipped with the draw-in groove of indent, and the draw-in groove corresponds the setting with the grapple of outside grab handle of grabbing center-penetrating hammer subassembly; the middle hammer is sleeved on the outer ring of the guide rod, the top hammer is sleeved on the outer ring of the guide rod and arranged at the upper end of the middle hammer, and the clamping groove protrudes upwards to the upper end face of the top hammer. The utility model discloses satisfy the weight test condition requirement of multiple standard requirement, accomplish a hammer multi-purpose, reducible equipment cost improves on-the-spot manpower efficiency of construction, optimizes space and availability factor greatly.

Description

Improved device for cone dynamic penetration test

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to geotechnical engineering reconnaissance normal position test field relates to circular cone power penetration test improves device.

Background

The cone dynamic penetration test is one of the conventional in-situ test methods in geotechnical engineering survey, and is characterized by that it utilizes a certain mass of drop hammer to make a cone probe with standard specification be impacted into soil layer with a certain height free drop distance, and according to the probe penetration impact number, penetration degree or dynamic penetration resistance the soil layer change can be judged, and the engineering property of soil can be evaluated

The cone dynamic penetration test device on the market at present, divide into light-duty, heavy and overweight according to experimental standard requirement, be weight 10kg respectively, 63.5kg, 120 kg's cylindrical punching hammer, the on-the-spot needs according to different experimental requirements, change the punching hammer of different penetration devices and corresponding weight, nevertheless because hammer block weight is big, bulky, be very inconvenient for carry simultaneously and whole change, seriously influence test efficiency, and because present punching hammer shape system is cylindrical, can produce great air resistance at free fall in-process cylinder bottom surface, cause test error to a certain extent, reduce the accuracy of test result.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved problem of the utility model is to provide a circular cone power penetration test improves device, set up the hammer subassembly of punching the heart, to basic hammer, well hammer and nail hammer carry out the split setting, and make up the use, satisfy the weight test condition requirement that multiple standard required, have very strong portability, really accomplish a hammer multi-purpose, solve equipment heavy in the former experiment, the space occupies greatly, change trouble scheduling problem, and simultaneously, this design can reduce equipment cost, improve on-the-spot manpower construction efficiency, under the prerequisite that better satisfies standard requirement, space and availability factor are greatly optimized.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a technical scheme is: the conical dynamic penetration test improvement device comprises a penetration hammer assembly arranged at the upper end of a hammer pad, wherein the penetration hammer assembly comprises a base hammer, a middle hammer and a top hammer, the base hammer is in an inverted T shape, the base hammer comprises a hammer head and a guide rod, the guide rod is vertically arranged on the upper end surface of the hammer head, a guide hole for a vertical pad to pass through is formed in the guide rod, an inward-concave clamping groove is formed in the outer ring of the upper end of the guide rod, and the clamping groove is arranged corresponding to a grabbing hook for grabbing the penetration hammer assembly from the outside;

the middle hammer is sleeved on the outer ring of the guide rod, the top hammer is sleeved on the outer ring of the guide rod and arranged at the upper end of the middle hammer, and the clamping groove protrudes upwards to form the upper end face of the top hammer.

Furthermore, the middle of the middle hammer is provided with a first avoiding hole, the guide rod is arranged in the first avoiding hole, and the middle hammer is in clearance fit with the guide rod and the axes of the middle hammer and the guide rod are overlapped.

Furthermore, the middle part of top hammer is equipped with the second and keeps away the position hole, the guide bar is established the position is kept away to the second is downthehole, the top hammer with guide bar clearance fit and the coincidence of the axle center of the two sets up, the lower terminal surface of draw-in groove with the coincidence of the up end of top hammer sets up.

Further, the base hammer, the middle hammer and the top hammer form a conical structure from top to bottom.

Furthermore, the thickness of the middle hammer is 2-2.2 times of that of the rear hammer head, and the thickness of the top hammer is 1.02-1.1 times of that of the middle hammer.

Furthermore, the slope of the tangent line of the outer ring of the hammer head is sequentially increased from small to top, the minimum slope is larger than 40 degrees, and the diameter of the uppermost end of the hammer head is 2-2.2 times of the diameter of the lowermost end.

Furthermore, the slope of the tangent line of the outer ring of the middle hammer is sequentially increased from small to top, the slope of the lowest end of the middle hammer is larger than the slope of the uppermost end of the hammer head, and the diameter of the uppermost end of the middle hammer is 1.3-1.7 times of the diameter of the lowest end.

Furthermore, the slope of the outer ring tangent line of the top hammer is sequentially increased from small to top, the slope of the lowest end of the top hammer is larger than the slope of the uppermost end of the middle hammer, the slope of the upper end of the top hammer is 90 degrees, and the diameter of the uppermost end of the top hammer is 1.02-1.1 times of the diameter of the lowermost end of the top hammer.

Furthermore, the base hammer, the middle hammer and the top hammer are all made of cast iron materials, the outer surfaces of the base hammer, the middle hammer and the top hammer are all provided with antirust paint layers, the weight of the base hammer is 8-12KG, the weight of the middle hammer is 50-55KG, and the weight of the top hammer is 56-58 KG.

Further, the lower extreme of hammer bolster is equipped with feeler lever and lower feeler lever in proper order, the outer lane of feeler lever is equipped with the penetrometer down, the upper end of penetrometer upwards extends to the lower part setting of going up the feeler lever, the lower extreme of penetrometer is equipped with the penetrometer head, the lower part of penetrometer is equipped with the apopore.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages and positive effect as follows.

1. The utility model discloses set up basic hammer, well hammer and top hammer, form the punching hammer subassembly of combination formula, it is practical to make up formula, a hammer can satisfy the weight of multiple standard requirement, light-duty, heavy and overweight type test condition requirement, has very strong portability, solves the heavy, trouble scheduling problem of change of equipment in the original experiment, reduces equipment cost, provides test efficiency, under the prerequisite that better satisfies the standard requirement, optimizes space and availability factor greatly;

2. the base hammer, the middle hammer and the top hammer of the utility model form a conical lifting structure, thereby reducing the air resistance in the free fall of the punching hammer component, reducing the energy consumption loss, reducing the in-situ test error and having reasonable and compact structural design;

3. the utility model discloses the parameter that sets up basic hammer, well hammer and top hammer avoids, forms the smooth and easy toper of appearance, and the application of force is more balanced, guarantees centrobaric uniformity, makes the structure compacter moreover, avoids the relative traditional structure of holistic external dimension to have great change, and convenient operation is swift.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention without undue limitation. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the piercing hammer assembly and the hammer pad of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the basic hammer of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the hammer of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the anvil of the present invention;

fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the improved device for cone dynamic penetration test of the utility model.

Description of reference numerals:

10. a piercing hammer assembly; 11. a base hammer; 111. a hammer head; 112. a guide bar; 113. a guide hole; 114. a card slot; 12. a middle hammer; 121. a first avoiding hole; 13. jacking a hammer; 131. a second avoiding hole; 2. a hammer pad; 3. an upper feeler lever; 4. a penetration device; 5. a lower feeler lever; 6. a water outlet hole; 7. a nozzle head.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-5, the utility model relates to a circular cone dynamic penetration test improves device, set up at the punch-through hammer subassembly 10 of hammer block 2 upper end, punch-through hammer subassembly 10 includes basic hammer 11, well hammer 12 and top hammer 13, basic hammer 11 is the T shape of inversion, basic hammer 11 includes tup 111 and guide bar 112, guide bar 112 is established perpendicularly in the up end of tup 111, the inside of guide bar 112 is equipped with the guiding hole 113 that supplies to hang down the pad and pass through, the outer lane of the upper end of guide bar 112 is equipped with the draw-in groove 114 of indent, draw-in groove 114 and the grapple that outside was grabbed and was grabbed punch-through hammer subassembly 10 correspond the setting;

the middle hammer 12 is sleeved on the outer ring of the guide rod 112, the jack hammer 13 is sleeved on the outer ring of the guide rod 112 and is arranged at the upper end of the middle hammer 12, and the clamping groove 114 protrudes upwards from the upper end face of the jack hammer 13 to facilitate grabbing.

Preferably, the middle of the middle hammer 12 is provided with a first avoiding hole 121, the guide rod 112 is arranged in the first avoiding hole 121, the middle hammer 12 and the guide rod 112 are in clearance fit and axes of the two coincide, preferably, the middle of the top hammer 13 is provided with a second avoiding hole 131, the guide rod 112 is arranged in the second avoiding hole 131, the top hammer 13 and the guide rod 112 are in clearance fit and axes of the two coincide, and the lower end surface of the clamping groove 114 and the upper end surface of the top hammer 13 coincide, so that the structure can facilitate quick combination and superposition of the middle hammer 12 and the top hammer 13, and is simple in structure and convenient to operate.

Preferably, the base weight 11, the middle weight 12 and the top weight 13 are formed in a tapered structure from top to bottom, reducing resistance.

Preferably, the thickness of the middle hammer 12 is 2-2.2 times of that of the rear hammer head 111, and the thickness of the top hammer 13 is 1.02-1.1 times of that of the middle hammer 12; more preferably, the slope of the tangent line of the outer ring of the hammer head 111 increases from small to top in sequence, the minimum slope is greater than 40 degrees, and the diameter of the uppermost end of the hammer head 111 is 2-2.2 times of the diameter of the lowermost end; preferably, the slope of the outer ring tangent line of the middle hammer 12 increases from small to top, and the slope of the lowest end is larger than the slope of the uppermost end of the hammer head 111, and the diameter of the uppermost end of the middle hammer 12 is 1.3-1.7 times of the diameter of the lowest end; more preferably, the slope of the outer ring tangent line of the top hammer 13 is gradually increased from small to top, the slope of the lowest end is greater than the slope of the uppermost end of the middle hammer 12, the slope of the upper end of the top hammer is 90 degrees, the diameter of the uppermost end of the top hammer 13 is 1.02-1.1 times of the diameter of the lowest end, after the above parameters are set, the base hammer 11, the middle hammer 12 and the top hammer 13 are guaranteed to form a smooth cone, the force application is more balanced, the consistency of the center of gravity is guaranteed, the structure is more compact, the situation that the whole external size is greatly changed relative to the traditional structure is avoided, and the operation is convenient and rapid.

Preferably, basic hammer 11, well hammer 12 and top hammer 13 all adopt the cast iron material to make, and are with low costs, and the hardness is high, and the surface all is equipped with the anti-rust paint layer, but increase of service life, avoids the probability that the outside use is oxidized, and basic hammer 11's weight is 8-12KG, well hammer 12's weight is 50-55KG, and top hammer 13's weight is 56-58KG, satisfies light, heavy and overweight combination use demand.

Preferably, the lower extreme of hammer pad 2 is equipped with feeler lever 3 and feeler lever 5 down in proper order, the outer lane of feeler lever 5 is equipped with penetrometer 4 down, the upper end of penetrometer 4 upwards extends to the lower part setting of last feeler lever 3, the lower extreme of penetrometer 4 is equipped with penetrometer head 7, the lower part of penetrometer 4 is equipped with apopore 6, the structure of pad lower extreme hangs down is the structure of the current dynamic penetration experiment appearance in market, under the effect of power, penetrometer head 7 drives penetrometer 4 and removes to the lower floor of soil texture, go up feeler lever 3 and lower feeler lever 5 and remove downwards together, accomplish holistic downward movement and penetration and realize, the overall structure's of the innovation of this application pressure is exerted in, can pierce through the improvement of heart hammer subassembly 10 part.

In the in-process of in-service use, including base hammer 11, well hammer 12 and anvil 13 constitute a nearly conical punching hammer subassembly 10 of whole, similar bullet head formula structure reduces air resistance, and sets up draw-in groove 114 in the upper end of guide bar 112, make things convenient for in-process grapple to grab the hook and grab the punching hammer and carry out the free fall experiment, different collocation combinations can satisfy different experimental requirements, the exclusive use 01 is light-duty sounding test, 01+02 is heavy sounding test, 01+02+03 is extra-heavy sounding test.

When in use, when a light cone dynamic penetration test is required, the weight required by the test can be met by putting the base hammer 11 on; when a heavy cone dynamic penetration test needs to be carried out, the weight required by the test can be met by sleeving the middle hammer 12 on the base hammer 11; when an extra-heavy cone dynamic penetration test is required, the upper hammer part is sleeved on the basis of the base hammer 11 part and the middle hammer 12 part, so that the test requirement can be met, the operation is simple and convenient, and the space is saved.

During manufacturing, the smoothness of the inner cylindrical wall of the guide hole 113 and the fitting degree of the guide rod 112 are guaranteed, the guide rod 112 can be neither too tight nor too loose, the clearance fit between the middle hammer 12 and the top hammer 13 is guaranteed, and the outer ring of the guide rod 112 can be coated with lubricating extrusion in the using process, so that the frictional resistance is reduced.

The method reduces the air resistance in the free fall of the punching hammer component 10, reduces the energy consumption loss and reduces the in-situ test error; the utility model provides a punching hammer subassembly 10 is the combination formula, and a hammer can satisfy the weight that multiple standard required, and light-duty, heavy and overweight formula test condition requires, has very strong portability, solves the heavy, trouble scheduling problem of change of equipment in former experiment, reduces equipment cost, provides test efficiency, under the prerequisite that better satisfies standard requirement, optimizes space and availability factor greatly.

While one embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, the description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention. All the equivalent changes and improvements made according to the application scope of the present invention should still fall within the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. Conical dynamic penetration test improves device, its characterized in that: the punching hammer comprises a punching hammer component arranged at the upper end of a hammer pad, wherein the punching hammer component comprises a base hammer, a middle hammer and a top hammer, the base hammer is in an inverted T shape, the base hammer comprises a hammer head and a guide rod, the guide rod is vertically arranged on the upper end surface of the hammer head, a guide hole for a vertical pad to pass through is formed in the guide rod, an inwards concave clamping groove is formed in the outer ring of the upper end of the guide rod, and the clamping groove corresponds to a grabbing hook for grabbing the punching hammer component from the outside;

2. The conical dynamic penetration test improvement device of claim 1, wherein: the middle part of well hammer is equipped with first position hole of keeping away, the guide bar is established in the first position hole of keeping away, well hammer with the guide bar clearance fit and the axle center coincidence of the two sets up.

3. The conical dynamic penetration test improvement device of claim 1, wherein: the middle part of top hammer is equipped with the second and keeps away the position hole, the guide bar is established the second is kept away the position downthehole, the top hammer with guide bar clearance fit and the axle center coincidence setting of the two, the lower terminal surface of draw-in groove with the up end coincidence setting of top hammer.

4. The conical dynamic penetration test improvement device of claim 1, wherein: the base hammer, the middle hammer and the top hammer form a conical structure from top to bottom.

5. The conical dynamic penetration test improvement device of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the middle hammer is 2-2.2 times of that of the rear part of the hammer head, and the thickness of the top hammer is 1.02-1.1 times of that of the middle hammer.

6. The conical dynamic penetration test improvement device of claim 1, wherein: the slope of the outer ring tangent line of the hammer head is sequentially increased from small to top, the minimum slope is larger than 40 degrees, and the diameter of the uppermost end of the hammer head is 2-2.2 times of the diameter of the lowermost end.

7. The conical dynamic penetration test improvement device of claim 1, wherein: the slope of the outer ring tangent line of the middle hammer is sequentially increased from small to top, the slope of the lowest end of the middle hammer is larger than the slope of the uppermost end of the hammer head, and the diameter of the uppermost end of the middle hammer is 1.3-1.7 times of the diameter of the lowermost end.

8. The conical dynamic penetration test improvement device of claim 1, wherein: the slope of the outer ring tangent line of the top hammer is sequentially increased from small to top, the slope of the lowest end of the top hammer is larger than the slope of the uppermost end of the middle hammer, the slope of the upper end of the top hammer is 90 degrees, and the diameter of the uppermost end of the top hammer is 1.02-1.1 times of the diameter of the lowermost end of the top hammer.

9. The cone dynamic penetration test improving apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the base hammer, the middle hammer and the top hammer are all made of cast iron materials, the outer surfaces of the base hammer, the middle hammer and the top hammer are all provided with antirust paint layers, the weight of the base hammer is 8-12KG, the weight of the middle hammer is 50-55KG, and the weight of the top hammer is 56-58 KG.

10. The cone dynamic penetration test improving apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the lower extreme of hammer pad is equipped with feeler lever and lower feeler lever in proper order, the outer lane of feeler lever is equipped with the penetrometer down, the upper end of penetrometer upwards extends to the lower part setting of last feeler lever, the lower extreme of penetrometer is equipped with the penetrometer head, the lower part of penetrometer is equipped with the apopore.