CN212315567U - Incinerator ash treatment system - Google Patents
Incinerator ash treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN212315567U CN212315567U CN202020743202.6U CN202020743202U CN212315567U CN 212315567 U CN212315567 U CN 212315567U CN 202020743202 U CN202020743202 U CN 202020743202U CN 212315567 U CN212315567 U CN 212315567U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
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Abstract
The utility model provides a treatment system of incinerator ash, which comprises a dissolving unit, a freezing and crystallizing unit, an acidification and decarbonization unit, a heavy metal removing unit, a filtering unit and an adsorption unit; the dissolving unit is used for dissolving incinerator ash to be treated; the freezing and crystallizing unit is used for freezing and crystallizing the solution obtained by the dissolving unit; the acidification decarburization unit is used for carrying out acidification and carbon dioxide removal treatment on the crystallization mother liquor discharged by the freezing crystallization unit; and the heavy metal removal unit is used for carrying out reduction treatment and precipitation treatment on the solution discharged by the acidification and decarbonization unit. The treatment system of one embodiment of the utility model can recover the salt in the incinerator ash and obtain the available high-quality additional product; and heavy metals and other impurities in the furnace ash are concentrated and enriched, so that solid hazardous waste needing to be treated is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an burn burning furnace ashes specifically is a processing system who burns burning furnace ashes.
Background
In the production process of petrochemical and chemical products, organic waste liquid containing salt is often generated, and the organic waste liquid is complex in components, high in toxicity, high in salt content and difficult to dispose. The waste liquid is incinerated, which is a treatment mode with strong universality and relatively simple process flow. However, in the incineration process, furnace ash and fly ash are produced, and the main components of the furnace ash are carbonate, and the furnace ash also contains a small amount of sulfate, a small amount of heavy metals such as chromium and nickel, and a small amount of impurities such as iron, aluminum and N, P.
For the furnace dust, the current treatment method is to send qualified enterprises as hazardous waste to be solidified and buried, or dissolve the furnace dust into salt-containing wastewater, so that the impurities such as heavy metals in the wastewater meet the discharge standard and then discharge the wastewater. However, this method of treatment not only pollutes the environment, but also is expensive in investment and operation.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model discloses a main purpose provides a system for treating incinerator ash, which comprises a dissolving unit, a freezing and crystallizing unit, an acidification and decarbonization unit, a heavy metal removing unit, a filtering unit and an adsorption unit; the system comprises a dissolving unit, a heating unit and a control unit, wherein the dissolving unit is used for dissolving incinerator ash to be treated to obtain a solution; the freezing and crystallizing unit is used for freezing and crystallizing the solution obtained by the dissolving unit; the acidification decarburization unit is used for carrying out acidification and carbon dioxide removal treatment on the crystallization mother liquor discharged from the freezing crystallization unit so as to remove carbonate and/or bicarbonate ions in the crystallization mother liquor; the heavy metal removing unit is used for carrying out reduction treatment and precipitation treatment on the solution discharged by the acidification and decarbonization unit so as to remove heavy metals in the solution; the filtering unit is used for filtering the effluent of the heavy metal removal unit; the adsorption unit is used for carrying out adsorption treatment on the filtrate of the filtering unit.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, dissolve the unit the freezing crystallization unit the acidizing decarbonization unit take off the heavy metal unit the filter unit and the absorption unit links to each other in proper order.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the dissolving unit includes a dissolving tank and a filter, and the filter is disposed between the dissolving tank and the freezing and crystallizing unit.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the treatment system comprises a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger being arranged between the filter and the freezing and crystallizing unit.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, processing system include with dissolve the water intake pipe that the unit links to each other, be provided with heating device on the water intake pipe, the heat exchanger respectively with the filter the freezing crystallization unit the water intake pipe and the acidizing decarbonization unit links to each other.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the freezing and crystallizing unit comprises a freezing and crystallizing separation device, the freezing and crystallizing separation device comprises a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet; the heat exchanger comprises a material cavity and a heat exchange cavity, the material cavity comprises a first liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet, and the heat exchange cavity comprises a second liquid inlet and a second liquid outlet; the heat exchanger is connected with the filter through the first liquid inlet, is connected with the liquid inlet of the freezing crystallization separation device through the first liquid outlet, is connected with the liquid outlet of the freezing crystallization separation device through the second liquid inlet, and is connected with the water inlet pipeline and the acidification decarburization unit through the second liquid outlet respectively.
According to the utility model discloses an embodiment, processing system includes the second crystallization unit, the second crystallization unit with the adsorption unit links to each other, is used for right the drainage of adsorption unit carries out freezing crystallization processing or evaporation crystallization processing.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the heavy metal removing unit includes a reduction reactor and a flocculation sedimentation tank.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the acidification and decarbonization unit comprises a decarbonizer.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the filtration unit comprises a multi-media filter, and the adsorption unit comprises a chelating bed.
The treatment system of one embodiment of the utility model can recover the salt in the incinerator ash and obtain the available high-quality additional product; and heavy metals and other impurities in the furnace ash are concentrated and enriched, so that solid hazardous waste needing to be treated is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure and operation flow of a system for treating ash of an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments that embody features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following description. It is to be understood that the invention is capable of other and different embodiments and its several details are capable of modification without departing from the scope of the invention, and that the description and drawings are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a system for treating incinerator ash, which comprises a dissolving unit, a freezing and crystallizing unit, an acidification and decarbonization unit, a heavy metal removal unit, a filtering unit 7, and an adsorption unit 8.
In one embodiment, the incinerator ash contains salts, such as sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate, or sodium carbonate, sodium chloride.
In one embodiment, the dissolving unit is used for dissolving incinerator ash to be treated, so that salt substances in the incinerator ash are dissolved, and water-insoluble substances are precipitated and separated to obtain a salt-containing solution; the freezing and crystallizing unit is connected with the dissolving unit and is used for carrying out freezing and crystallizing treatment (cooling and crystallizing) on the salt-containing solution obtained by the dissolving unit so as to recover sodium carbonate crystals; the acidification decarburization unit is connected with the freezing crystallization unit and is used for carrying out acidification treatment on the discharged freezing crystallization mother liquor of the freezing crystallization unit and removing carbonate in the mother liquor; the heavy metal removing unit is connected with the acidification decarburization unit and is used for chemically reducing the solution subjected to acidification decarburization so as to reduce heavy metal ions such as chromium in the solution into low valence state and convert the low valence state heavy metal ions into precipitate for removal; the filtering unit 7 is connected with the heavy metal removal unit and is used for filtering the effluent of the heavy metal removal unit; the adsorption unit 8 is connected with the filtering unit 7 and is used for performing adsorption treatment on the filtrate of the filtering unit 7 to remove residual heavy metal ions in the filtrate.
In one embodiment, a water inlet pipeline is disposed outside the dissolving unit, and water for dissolving the ashes may enter the dissolving unit through the water inlet pipeline.
In one embodiment, the dissolving unit comprises a dissolving tank 1, and a stirring device and a settling zone are arranged in the dissolving tank 1. During operation, the incinerator ash and water are sent into the dissolving tank 1 of the dissolving unit, soluble salt in the incinerator ash is dissolved in the water under the action of the stirring device, and insoluble substances are precipitated at the bottom of the dissolving tank 1 and are periodically discharged from the dissolving tank 1.
The utility model has no special limitation on the dissolving tank 1, the stirring device and the settling zone, and can adopt the dissolving tank which is common in the field, such as a high-density clarification tank or an inclined plate sedimentation tank; the stirring device may be a mechanical stirrer or the like.
In one embodiment, the salt concentration of the dissolution unit is 8-28 wt%; preferably 10 to 22 wt%, such as 15%, 20%, 25%, etc., wherein the salt concentration refers to the carbonate concentration in the system.
In one embodiment, the dissolving temperature of the dissolving unit may be 5 to 50 ℃, more preferably 20 to 40 ℃, and still more preferably 25 to 35 ℃, so as to increase the concentration of the brine as much as possible without wasting more energy, and to ensure that the equipment and the pipeline are not blocked by the precipitation of salt crystals before the subsequent freezing crystallization.
In one embodiment, a heating device 10 is provided on the water inlet line to heat the water used to dissolve the ash in order to better control the dissolution temperature to a desired value.
The utility model discloses there is not special restriction to the form and the heating medium of heating device, can adopt the shell and tube heat exchanger that this field is common for example, adopt steam or hot water heating etc..
In one embodiment, the dissolving unit comprises a filter 2, and the filter 2 is disposed between the dissolving tank 1 and the freezing and crystallizing unit to filter the salt-containing mixed solution discharged from the dissolving tank 1 to further reduce the content of suspended matters in the salt water to obtain a clear solution, for example, the content of suspended matters can be reduced to below 5 mg/L.
In one embodiment, filter 2 may be a media filter, and the salt-containing mixture may be filtered in the presence of one or more filter media.
The utility model discloses do not have special restriction to media filter's structure, can adopt the many media filter that field commonly used, many media filter can be vertical, the horizontal or double-deck horizontal of individual layer, also can adopt the filtering pond.
The present invention is not limited to the kind of the filter medium, and one or more kinds of filter media generally used in the art, such as quartz sand, may be used. The particle size of the filter medium can be adjusted according to the water quality.
In one embodiment, the freeze crystallization unit includes a freeze crystallization separation device 3.
In one embodiment, the freeze crystallization separation apparatus 3 comprises a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, which are in communication with the filter 2 via the liquid inlet.
In one embodiment, the filtrate discharged from the filter 2 enters the freeze crystallization separation apparatus 3; in the freezing crystallization separation device 3, the filtrate is frozen and cooled by an external cooling medium, the sodium carbonate dissolved in the filtrate reaches a supersaturated state along with the reduction of the temperature, is separated out in a crystal form and is separated from the solution, and the purity of the obtained sodium carbonate is high and can reach the industrial grade standard; trace amount of other soluble impurities still exist in the filtrate and cannot be separated out, and the sodium sulfate in the filtrate also exists in the form of solution due to low concentration and cannot be separated out, so that the sodium carbonate product with high purity is obtained.
In one embodiment, the freezing temperature of the freezing, crystallizing and separating device 3 may be 0 to 30 ℃, preferably 5 to 10 ℃, and is selected to allow as much sodium carbonate to be crystallized out of the solution as possible and to reduce the freezing cost.
In one embodiment, a heat exchanger 21 is disposed between the filter 2 and the freezing and crystallization separation device 3 for exchanging heat between the freezing and crystallization mother liquor with a relatively low temperature discharged from the freezing and crystallization separation device 3 and the freezing and crystallization feed with a relatively high temperature (the filtrate discharged from the filter 2), so as to fully recycle heat and save energy consumption.
In an embodiment, the heat exchanger 21 includes a material cavity, a heat exchange cavity, a first inlet, a first outlet, a second inlet, and a second outlet, the first inlet and the first outlet are connected to the material cavity, the second inlet and the second outlet are connected to the heat exchange cavity, and the material cavity is not communicated with the heat exchange cavity but can perform heat exchange.
In one embodiment, the heat exchanger 21 is connected to the filter 2 via a first inlet, to the inlet of the freezing and crystallizing separator 3 via a first outlet, to the outlet of the freezing and crystallizing separator 3 via a second inlet, and to the acidification and decarbonization unit via a second outlet.
In one embodiment, the heat exchange chamber of the heat exchanger 21 is further connected to the dissolution unit, for example, to a water inlet line via a second liquid outlet, and further to the dissolution tank 1 of the dissolution unit.
In an embodiment, during operation, the filtrate discharged from the filter 2 enters the material cavity of the heat exchanger 21, the frozen crystallization mother liquor discharged from the liquid outlet of the self-cooling frozen crystal separation device 3 enters the heat exchange cavity of the heat exchanger 21 through the second liquid inlet, and the filtrate of the filter 2 and the frozen crystallization mother liquor exchange heat through the material cavity and the heat exchange cavity. The crystallization mother liquor absorbs part of heat of the filter filtrate through heat exchange, so that the temperature of the filter filtrate is reduced, the subsequent freezing and crystallization treatment is facilitated, and the energy consumption of a freezing and crystallization device is reduced; the heated crystallization mother liquor is discharged out of the heat exchanger 21 from the second liquid outlet and is divided into two parts, and one part (the circulating crystallization mother liquor) returns to the dissolving unit through a water inlet pipeline and is used as a solvent for recycling; and the other part (discharged crystallization mother liquor) enters an acidification decarburization unit for subsequent treatment.
In one embodiment, the amount of circulating crystallization mother liquor returned to the dissolution unit is greater than the amount of discharged crystallization mother liquor entering the acid decarbonization unit, i.e., a major portion of the crystallization mother liquor discharged from heat exchanger 21 is returned to the dissolution unit and a minor portion of the crystallization mother liquor is sent to the acid decarbonization unit to avoid accumulation of impurities.
In one embodiment, the acid decarbonization unit comprises a decarbonizer 4.
In one embodiment, the discharged crystallization mother liquor and the acid are mixed and then enter the carbon remover 4 together, and the pH value of the discharged crystallization mother liquor is adjusted to 1 to 3.5, further 1.5 to 2.5, for example, 2.0, 3.0, etc. by adding the acid into the discharged crystallization mother liquor, so that the CO therein is enabled to be CO3 2-And HCO3 -Conversion of ions to CO2Then, by blowing air into the carbon remover 4, CO can be made2And (4) removing.
In one embodiment, the acid used for adjusting the pH of the discharged crystallization mother liquor may be a common inorganic acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, and the like. The method can be specifically determined according to the types of salts except carbonate in the incinerator ash, and preferably uses sulfuric acid if the sulfate is mainly sulfate, and preferably uses hydrochloric acid if the sodium chloride is mainly sodium chloride, so that ions introduced in the acid adding process do not have adverse effects on the subsequent treatment process.
In one embodiment, the heavy metal removal unit comprises a reduction reactor 5 and a flocculation sedimentation tank 6.
In one embodiment, during operation, the reducing agent is added to the effluent of the decarbonizer 4, then the effluent of the decarbonizer 4 enters the reduction reactor 5, the effluent of the decarbonizer 4 and the added reducing agent undergo oxidation-reduction reaction in the reduction reactor 5, and the effluent of the decarbonizer 4 contains, for example, hexavalent chromium (Cr)2O7 2-And/or CrO4 2-) Is reduced to a lower valence state under an acidic conditionOf Cr (C)3+。
In one embodiment, the reducing agent added to the effluent from the decarbonizer 4 is sodium sulfite, and the redox reaction is as follows:
Cr2O7 2-+3SO3 2-+8H+→3SO4 2-+2Cr3++4H2O
2CrO4 2-+3SO3 2-+10H+→3SO4 2-+2Cr3++5H2O
in one embodiment, the pH of the solution after the reduction reaction is adjusted to form hydroxide colloid or precipitate, and a flocculant is added to promote aggregation and sedimentation of the solid, so that most of the heavy metal ions such as chromium in the solution can be removed.
In one embodiment, the solution after the reduction reaction enters a flocculation sedimentation tank 6, and NaOH is added into the flocculation sedimentation tank 6 to adjust the pH value of the solution to about 7-8; under alkaline conditions, Cr3+With OH-Reaction to form Cr (OH)3Precipitation of Al3+And Fe3+Also with OH-The corresponding colloid and precipitate are generated by reaction, and then a small amount of flocculating agent, such as PAM and the like, is added to promote the aggregation and sedimentation of the solid. In addition, other required medicaments and the like can be selectively added according to the water quality condition. The relevant precipitation reaction is as follows:
Cr3++3OH-→Cr(OH)3↓
Al3++3OH-→Al(OH)3↓
Fe3++3OH-→Fe(OH)3↓
in one embodiment, the effluent from the flocculation basin 6 is fed to a filtration unit 7, where the filtration unit 7 is provided with a media filter, which may be filtered in the presence of one or more filtration media, to further reduce the suspended matter content in the wastewater, for example to below 5 mg/L.
The utility model discloses do not have special restriction to the medium filter's of filter unit 7 form, can adopt the many medium filter that this field generally used, many medium filter can be vertical, the horizontal or double-deck horizontal, also can adopt the filtering pond.
The present invention is not limited to the kind of the filter medium, and one or more kinds of filter media commonly used in the art, such as quartz sand, may be used. The particle size of the filter medium can be adjusted according to the water quality.
In one embodiment, the filtrate discharged from the filtering unit 7 enters the adsorbing unit 8, and the adsorbing unit 8 can adsorb multivalent cations in water by using resin to reduce the content of heavy metals remaining in the filtrate (wastewater) to below 100 ppb.
In one embodiment, the adsorption unit 8 may employ a chelating bed, and the high salt content in the wastewater does not have any effect on its adsorption capacity.
In one embodiment, a crystallization unit 9 is provided downstream of the adsorption unit 8 to perform an evaporation or freeze crystallization process on the wastewater from the adsorption unit 8 to recover sodium salt crystals and water.
In one embodiment, the crystallization unit 9 is provided with a crystal separation device, and the effluent from the adsorption unit containing sodium sulfate enters the crystallization unit 9, and sodium sulfate crystals and water are recovered by subjecting the effluent from the adsorption unit to evaporation or freeze crystallization.
In another embodiment, a sodium chloride evaporative crystallizer is arranged in the crystallization unit 9, the effluent of the adsorption unit containing sodium chloride enters the crystallization unit 9, and sodium chloride crystals and water are recovered by carrying out evaporative crystallization treatment on the effluent of the adsorption unit.
In one embodiment, the water discharged from the adsorption unit is heated and evaporated by an external heating medium, and as the water is evaporated, sodium sulfate dissolved in the water is supersaturated and precipitated as crystals, and separated from the solution, and the discharged liquid from the crystallization unit 9 can be recycled.
The crystallization separation device of the crystallization unit 9 of the present invention is not particularly limited, and for example, multi-effect evaporation or MVR evaporation crystallization known in the art may be used.
In one embodiment, the insoluble matter discharged from the dissolution unit, the backwash drain of the filter 2, the precipitated sludge discharged from the flocculation and sedimentation tank 6, and the backwash drain of the filtration unit 7 are combined and dewatered, the dewatered sludge is sent out, and the regenerated waste liquid from the adsorption unit 8 is returned to the heavy metal removal unit (e.g., the reduction reactor 5) to be continuously treated.
The incinerator ash treatment system of an embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the source of the incinerator ash, and may be any system as long as it contains salts such as sodium carbonate and sodium sulfate.
The utility model relates to an embodiment's processing system who burns burning furnace ashes can carry out pertinence resource recovery to salt such as sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate in burning furnace ashes respectively to heavy metal and impurity ion such as chromium, nickel, iron, aluminium in the ashes concentrate, enrichment and desorption, and the desorption effect to heavy metal is reliable and stable, has apparent economic benefits and environmental benefit.
The utility model relates to an embodiment's system, the small investment, the working costs is low, can be stable, move reliably.
Hereinafter, a system for treating incinerator ash according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples. Wherein, the raw materials are all obtained from the market.
Examples
Incinerator ash to be treated: 188.5 kg/h; wherein, the sodium carbonate is 187.8kg/h, the sodium sulfate is 0.7kg/h, and the sodium sulfate contains trace chromium, nickel, iron, aluminum and the like. The method comprises the following steps:
s1: 1 ton of water is used for dissolving the incinerator ash, the dissolving temperature is 30 ℃, and the dissolved salt water comprises the following components: ni2+Concentration 1.5mg/L, hexavalent chromium concentration 20mg/L, total chromium concentration 20mg/L, Fe3+Concentration 10mg/L, Al3+The concentration is 10mg/L, a sloping plate sedimentation tank is adopted, the sedimentation time is 2 hours, and the effluent suspended matter of the sedimentation tank is<20mg/L；
And (2) lifting the effluent of the sedimentation tank by a pump and sending the effluent into a multi-media filter, wherein quartz sand and anthracite are filled in the multi-media filter, the filling height of the quartz sand is 800mm, the filling height of the anthracite is 400mm, the filtering speed is 7.0m/h, and the suspended substance of the effluent of the media filter is less than 5 mg/L.
S2: delivering effluent of the multi-medium filter to a freezing and crystallizing device, wherein the freezing and crystallizing temperature is 5 ℃; after the crystallization is completed, 0.015m is added3The crystallization mother liquor/h is discharged to the decarbonizer 4, and the other crystallization mother liquor is circulated to the dissolution tank 1.
S3: adding sulfuric acid into the discharged crystallization mother liquor to adjust the pH value to 2.0, feeding the mother liquor into a carbon remover 4, and blowing air into the carbon remover 4 to generate CO2Removing; CO in carbon remover effluent2The concentration is below 8 mg/L.
S4: adding sodium sulfite into the effluent of the carbon remover, introducing the effluent into a reduction reaction tank, adding the sodium sulfite into the reduction reaction tank at a concentration of 6000mg/l, and stirring for 30 minutes;
and then delivering the effluent of the reduction reaction tank into a flocculation sedimentation tank, adding sodium hydroxide into the flocculation sedimentation tank, adjusting the pH value of the system to 8.0, adding 1.5ppm of PAM flocculant, and settling for 2 hours.
S5: the effluent of the flocculation sedimentation tank is lifted by a pump and sent into a medium filter of a filtering unit 7, quartz sand and anthracite are filled in the medium filter of the filtering unit 7, wherein the filling height of the quartz sand is 800mm, the filling height of the anthracite is 400mm, and the filtering speed is 7.0 m/h; the suspended substance of the effluent of the medium filter is less than 5mg/L, the total chromium is less than 0.5mg/L, and the total nickel is less than 0.5 mg/L.
S6: and (3) sending the effluent of the medium filter of the filtering unit 7 into an adsorption device, wherein the adsorption device adopts resin for adsorption, chelating resin is filled in the adsorption device, tests show that the total chromium and the total nickel in the effluent of the adsorption device are less than 0.1mg/L and the regeneration waste liquid of the resin adsorption device returns to a reduction reaction tank.
S7: and (3) sending the water discharged from the adsorption device into a sodium sulfate evaporation crystallization device, wherein the sodium sulfate evaporation crystallization device adopts single-effect reduced pressure evaporation, the evaporation temperature is 80 ℃, the purity of the recovered sodium sulfate product can reach 98 percent, and the industrial application requirement is met.
As can be seen from the examples, insoluble impurities in the incinerator ash are removed by dissolution, precipitation and filtration of the dissolution unit; sodium carbonate crystals are recovered by a freezing and crystallizing unit; removing carbonate in the discharged frozen crystallization mother liquor through an acidification decarburization unit; most heavy metal ions are removed through the chemical reduction, flocculation precipitation and filtering units of the heavy metal removal unit, then the residual heavy metal ions are removed through the resin adsorption of the adsorption unit, and finally the sodium sulfate crystals are recovered through the evaporation crystallization of the second crystallization unit.
Through the utility model relates to an embodiment's processing system for sodium carbonate, sodium sulfate etc. in burning furnace ashes are got to the burning furnace and are retrieved, and impurity such as heavy metal in the ashes obtain concentration, enrichment and desorption, and the solid danger that needs to deal with is useless by a wide margin decrement. Furthermore, the utility model discloses a processing system of embodiment investment is few, the working costs is low, can stably, reliably move, has apparent economic benefits and environmental benefit.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in the present invention have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art.
The described embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various other substitutions, changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A system for treating ash from an incinerator, comprising:
the dissolving unit is used for dissolving incinerator ash to be treated to obtain solution;
the freezing and crystallizing unit is used for carrying out freezing and crystallizing treatment on the solution obtained by the dissolving unit;
the acidification and decarburization unit is used for carrying out acidification and carbon dioxide removal treatment on the crystallization mother liquor discharged from the freezing crystallization unit so as to remove carbonate and/or bicarbonate ions in the crystallization mother liquor;
the heavy metal removing unit is used for carrying out reduction treatment and precipitation treatment on the solution discharged by the acidification and decarbonization unit so as to remove heavy metals in the solution;
the filtering unit is used for filtering the effluent of the heavy metal removal unit; and
and the adsorption unit is used for carrying out adsorption treatment on the filtrate of the filtering unit.
2. The treatment system of claim 1, wherein the dissolution unit, the freezing and crystallization unit, the acidification and decarbonization unit, the heavy metal removal unit, the filtration unit, and the adsorption unit are connected in sequence.
3. The processing system of claim 2, wherein the dissolution unit comprises a dissolution tank and a filter disposed between the dissolution tank and the freeze crystallization unit.
4. The processing system of claim 3, comprising a heat exchanger disposed between the filter and the freeze crystallization unit.
5. The treatment system according to claim 4, comprising a water inlet line connected to the dissolution unit, wherein a heating device is provided on the water inlet line, and wherein the heat exchanger is connected to the filter, the freeze crystallization unit, the water inlet line, and the acid decarburization unit, respectively.
6. The processing system of claim 5, wherein the freeze crystallization unit comprises a freeze crystallization separation device comprising a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet; the heat exchanger comprises a material cavity and a heat exchange cavity, the material cavity comprises a first liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet, and the heat exchange cavity comprises a second liquid inlet and a second liquid outlet;
the heat exchanger is connected with the filter through the first liquid inlet, is connected with the liquid inlet of the freezing crystallization separation device through the first liquid outlet, is connected with the liquid outlet of the freezing crystallization separation device through the second liquid inlet, and is connected with the water inlet pipeline and the acidification decarburization unit through the second liquid outlet respectively.
7. The treatment system according to claim 1, comprising a second crystallization unit connected to the adsorption unit for performing a freezing crystallization treatment or an evaporative crystallization treatment on the wastewater discharged from the adsorption unit.
8. The treatment system of claim 1, wherein the heavy metal removal unit comprises a reduction reactor and a flocculation settler.
9. The treatment system of claim 1, wherein the acid decarbonization unit comprises a decarbonizer.
10. The treatment system of claim 1, wherein the filtration unit comprises a multi-media filter and the adsorption unit comprises a chelating bed.
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| GR01 | Patent grant |