CN212295381U - Intelligent adjustable novel passive roof - Google Patents
Intelligent adjustable novel passive roof Download PDFInfo
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- CN212295381U CN212295381U CN202021856066.8U CN202021856066U CN212295381U CN 212295381 U CN212295381 U CN 212295381U CN 202021856066 U CN202021856066 U CN 202021856066U CN 212295381 U CN212295381 U CN 212295381U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a novel intelligent adjustable passive roof, which comprises an inner roof, an air layer, a jumping liquid drop material thermal diode and an outer roof which are arranged from bottom to top in sequence; the jumping liquid drop material thermal diode comprises a super-hydrophilic layer, a super-hydrophilic layer surface liquid absorption core and a super-hydrophobic layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and the super-hydrophilic layer is separated from the super-hydrophobic layer through gasket materials on the left side and the right side to form an air interlayer in the middle; the utility model discloses a passive form heat transfer control of super hydrophilic layer, super hydrophobic layer in the jumping liquid drop material thermal diode forms one kind and need not artificial clearance, can imbed inside the building envelope, receives the indoor outer temperature passive form drive "heat extraction/thermal-insulated" intelligent adjustable novel passive form roof.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a building engineering technical field especially relates to a novel passive form roof of intelligence adjustable.
Background
For a long time, the building envelope is mainly designed by static heat preservation and heat insulation. By adding high thermal resistance heat insulation materials and other forms, the overall thermal resistance of the enclosure structure is improved, and indoor and outdoor heat transfer is reduced. The enclosure structure is suitable for heat preservation and insulation in winter in severe cold and cold areas, but is not suitable for areas with heat preservation and buildings with heat extraction mainly all the year around. Aiming at such areas and buildings, the static high heat resistance causes that indoor heat is difficult to be discharged outwards in time through the enclosure structure, heat can be discharged only through active equipment, and cooling energy consumption is increased invisibly.
Taking a hot-summer and warm-winter area as an example, the climate is characterized in that no winter exists in long summer, the days with the average temperature of more than or equal to 25 ℃ in the day are 100-200 days, the average temperature of the coldest month is also more than 10 ℃, and the climate characteristics of the area determine that the buildings mainly have heat protection all the year around and have no heating requirement; in high-heat-production places such as data rooms, heat production quantity of internal heat sources is too large, so that heat removal of buildings all the year round is mainly achieved, and heating requirements are not needed.
No matter whether be because of weather conditions determine the hot-water winter warm area of summer heat of heat protection all the year round, still because of places such as the data computer lab that self internal heat source leads to the heat extraction all the year round, the building envelope of static high thermal resistance all can't satisfy its heat extraction demand, and the envelope form of this kind of building ideal should be intelligent adjustable: when the indoor temperature is higher than the outdoor temperature, the thermal resistance of the enclosure structure is reduced, and heat is discharged outdoors in time; when the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature, the thermal resistance of the enclosure structure is increased, and the heat transfer from the outdoor to the indoor is reduced. The enclosure structure can meet the actual requirements of the regions with heat protection and buildings with heat extraction mainly all the year round.
The most similar prior art of the utility model is to combine the radiation cooling metamaterial layer with the wall body or the roof to form a passive cooling building envelope structure. Based on this, xushaoyuan et al of Shenzhen Ruili New energy science and technology Limited company proposed "a hollow radiation cooling passive structure for building exterior wall or roof" (application publication No.: CN 108222367A), and the structural composition and relationship of the device are introduced as follows:
fig. 1 and fig. 2 respectively show the overall structure schematic diagram and the cross-sectional schematic diagram of the hollow radiation cooling passive structure for the building exterior wall or roof. Wherein, the structure comprises an air cavity 60 consisting of an outer plate 10, an inner plate 20, an upper top plate 30, a lower bottom plate 40 and two side plates 50; the upper top plate 30 and the lower bottom plate 40 are respectively fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the outer layer plate 10, the outer layer plate 10 and the inner layer plate 20 are arranged on the lower bottom plate 40 in parallel, the upper top plate 30 covers the outer layer plate 10 and the inner layer plate 20, two side plates 50 are respectively arranged at two sides of the outer layer plate 10, and the two side plates 50 are connected with the upper top plate 30, the lower bottom plate 40 and the inner layer plate 20; an air inlet 210 is arranged between the inner plate 20 and the upper top plate 30, and an air outlet 220 is arranged between the inner plate 20 and the lower bottom plate 40; the outermost surface of the outer plate 10 is provided with a radiation cooling metamaterial layer 70. Wherein, the radiation cooling metamaterial layer 70 is a core cooling component of the heat-removal roof.
The existing roof technology mainly takes static heat insulation as a main part, and the heat resistance of the roof is increased by arranging a heat insulation layer inside or outside a structural layer, so that the heat transfer indoor and outdoor is reduced. The static heat insulation characteristic of the traditional roof determines that the thermal resistance of the roof is not influenced by factors such as seasonal variation and the like, and the thermal resistance of the roof can not be flexibly adjusted according to indoor and outdoor temperature variation.
The hollow radiation cooling passive structure for the outer wall or the roof of the building introduced above changes the heat insulation characteristic of the traditional roof. Utilize the heat radiation effect of roof surface radiation cooling metamaterial layer, adjust the thermal-insulated characteristic of traditional roof into the heat extraction characteristic, through the mode of sky cold radiation with heat transfer to in the colder space environment. The radiation cooling metamaterial layer reflects part of visible light with short wavelength through the silver-plated film with high reflectivity, absorbs the other part of infrared light with long wavelength through the metamaterial with high absorptivity, and directly radiates the infrared light to the space through the atmosphere by utilizing an infrared window with 8-13 mu m of wavelength of the atmosphere, so that a roof with continuous heat radiation is formed.
Based on the above principle introduction, the prior art has the following main disadvantages:
1. no matter the heat insulation roof of the traditional heat insulation layer or the heat extraction roof formed by utilizing the radiation cooling metamaterial layer, the thermal resistance of the roof is not adjustable, the heat insulation or heat extraction mode can only be singly met, and the roof can not meet the requirement that the roof changes along with the indoor and outdoor temperature. For a traditional heat insulation layer heat insulation roof, when the indoor temperature is higher than the outdoor temperature due to the nonadjustable high thermal resistance of the roof, heat cannot be discharged in time; for the radiation cooling metamaterial layer roof, the structure has a constant value and continuous heat extraction, is also non-intelligent and adjustable, and does not play a role in heat insulation. If the indoor temperature is lower, the roof still can discharge heat in one way through the radiation effect, and is not influenced by the change of the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature, so that the risk of supercooling in a room caused by too low indoor temperature exists.
2. For heat-extraction roofs, the cooling principle of the technology determines that the radiation cooling metamaterial layer is necessarily located on the outermost side of the building envelope structure and is not shielded. However, in the actual use process, dew, rain, dust deposition and other phenomena often occur, and meanwhile, the risk of damaging the surface of the metamaterial layer by extreme weather conditions such as hail exists, so that the actual passive cooling effect is reduced, and the technical feasibility is poor. The user needs to perform regular maintenance and cleaning, but the metamaterial layer is located on the outer surface of the roof or the wall body, so that the maintenance and cleaning are inconvenient, and the passive advantage of the technology is reduced.
3. For heat removal roofs, the technology has a problem of light pollution in a high reflection mode for short-wave visible light.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing a novel passive roof of intelligence adjustable to solve the problem that above-mentioned prior art exists, through the passive form heat transfer control of super hydrophilic layer, super hydrophobic layer in the jump liquid drop material thermal diode, form one kind and need not artificial clearance, can imbed inside the building envelope, receive the indoor outer temperature passive form drive "heat extraction/thermal-insulated" novel passive roof of intelligence adjustable.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a following scheme:
the utility model provides an intelligent adjustable novel passive roof, which comprises an inner roof, an air layer, a jumping liquid drop material thermal diode and an outer roof which are arranged from bottom to top in sequence; the jumping liquid drop material thermal diode comprises a super-hydrophilic layer, a super-hydrophilic layer surface liquid absorbing core and a super-hydrophobic layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and the super-hydrophilic layer is separated from the super-hydrophobic layer through gasket materials on the left side and the right side to form a middle air interlayer.
Preferably, the inlayer roof includes structural layer, the layer of looking for the slope and the screed-coat that set gradually from bottom to top, the both sides of inlayer roof set up the intercommunication the air duct of air bed.
Preferably, the outer roof comprises a bonding layer, a waterproof layer and a protective layer which are arranged from bottom to top in sequence.
Preferably, the internal circulation working medium in the air interlayer is deionized water.
Preferably, the super-hydrophilic layer and the super-hydrophobic layer are made of copper plates, silver nitrate solution is used for making a nano coating on the surfaces of the super-hydrophilic layer and the super-hydrophobic layer, a hydrophilic agent and a hydrophobic agent are respectively used for plating, and the super-hydrophilic layer and the super-hydrophobic layer are finally formed after washing and drying.
Preferably, the material of the gasket material is polytetrafluoroethylene.
The utility model discloses following beneficial technological effect has been gained for prior art:
1. the utility model provides a novel passive roof of intelligence adjustable, indoor heat extraction receive indoor outer difference in temperature from switching control, and intelligence is adjustable, and the continuous heat extraction of non-definite value receives the fluctuation control of indoor outer temperature. When the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature, the heat is discharged rapidly in one way by combining the air layer with the thermal diode, the heat conductivity coefficient is large, and the heat discharging capability is strong; when the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature, the thermal diode is used for quickly insulating heat, the heat conductivity coefficient is small, and the heat insulation capability is strong. The indoor temperature fluctuates along with the outdoor temperature, so that the risk of indoor overheating or supercooling does not exist, the indoor temperature change range is reasonable, the indoor cold load can be reduced, and the annual cooling energy consumption is further reduced. Meanwhile, the cooling system can be used in combination with a cooling system to achieve a better actual use effect.
2. The utility model provides a novel passive roof of intelligence adjustable, the roof is firm stable, and inside the protective layer of roof structure was arranged in to jumping liquid drop material thermal diode, not received phenomenons such as dew, rainwater and deposition that often have in the in-service use influence, also can avoid equally as extreme climatic conditions such as hail to the destruction risk of component. The method has the advantages of no need of excessive maintenance and cleaning by a user, convenient use, strong technical feasibility and potential for forming the assembly type integration of the building envelope structure.
3. The utility model provides a novel passive roof of intelligence adjustable does not have the light pollution scheduling problem.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a hollow radiation cooling passive structure for the external wall or roof of a patent building in the background art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a passive structure of a hollow radiation cooling structure for an external wall or a roof of a patent building in the background art
FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of the novel intelligent adjustable passive roof of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the heat extraction process of the novel intelligent adjustable passive roof of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the thermal insulation process of the novel intelligent adjustable passive roof of the present invention;
in the figure: 10-outer plate, 20-inner plate, 30-upper top plate, 40-lower bottom plate, 50-side plate, 60-air cavity, 70-radiation cooling metamaterial layer, 210-air inlet and 220-air outlet;
1-inner layer roof, 11-structural layer, 12-slope finding layer, 13-leveling layer and 14-air channel;
2-an air layer;
3-jumping a droplet material thermal diode, 31-a super-hydrophilic layer, 32-a super-hydrophilic layer surface liquid absorption core, 33-a gasket material, 34-an air interlayer and 35-a super-hydrophobic layer;
4-outer layer roof, 41-binding layer, 42-waterproof layer and 43-protective layer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The utility model aims at providing a novel passive roof of intelligence adjustable to solve the problem that prior art exists.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
The intelligent adjustable novel passive roof in the embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, includes an inner roof 1, an air layer 2, a jumping droplet material thermal diode 3 and an outer roof 4, which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and the specific materials of the inner and outer roofs are not limited; the inner roof 1 comprises a structural layer 11, a slope finding layer 12 and a leveling layer 13 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and air channels 14 communicated with the air layer 2 are arranged on two sides of the inner roof 1; the jumping droplet material thermal diode 3 comprises a super-hydrophilic layer 31, a super-hydrophilic layer surface liquid absorbing core 32 and a super-hydrophobic layer 35 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and the super-hydrophilic layer 31 is separated from the super-hydrophobic layer 35 through gasket materials 33 on the left side and the right side to form an air interlayer 34 in the middle; the outer roof 4 includes a bonding layer 41, a waterproof layer 42, and a protective layer 43, which are sequentially disposed from bottom to top.
In this embodiment, the internal circulating working medium in the air interlayer can be deionized water 36, the super-hydrophilic layer 31 and the super-hydrophobic layer 35 can be copper plates as main materials, silver nitrate solution is used as a nano-coating on the surfaces of the copper plates, and hydrophilic agents (such as in CH) are respectively used2Cl2In a small amount of HS (CH)2)11OH), hydrophobizing agents (e.g. in CH)2Cl2Mixed with a small amount of CF3(CF2)7CH2CH2SH), and washing and drying to form the final super-hydrophilic layer 31 and the super-hydrophobic layer 35. The gasket material 33 may be selected from ptfe, which has a relatively low thermal conductivity, to prevent "thermal bridging". Relevant researches on the jumping droplet material thermal diode 3 show that under the room temperature condition, the forward heat conductivity coefficient (namely indoor-to-outdoor heat transfer) of the jumping droplet material thermal diode 3 is about 10W/(m.K), the reverse heat conductivity coefficient (namely outdoor-to-indoor heat transfer) is about 0.06W/(m.K), the difference of the forward and reverse heat transfer capacity is extremely large, the passive heat extraction/insulation roof formed by combining the building envelope structure has a good application prospect, and the jumping droplet material thermal diode is suitable for the regions with heat prevention mainly all the year around, the buildings with heat extraction mainly and other scenes.
The technical scheme of the utility model in combine air bed 2 to control heat extraction, the thermal-insulated mode on intelligent adjustable novel passive roof through jumping liquid drop material thermal diode 3, the heat extraction and the thermal-insulated mode on this roof are by indoor outer temperature independently drive control. Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the jumping droplet material thermal diode 3 in an "indoor-to-outdoor heat removal" mode, and fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the jumping droplet material thermal diode 3 in an "indoor-to-outdoor heat insulation" mode.
The heat removal mode is as follows: when the indoor temperature is higher than the outdoor temperature, the indoor hot air rises and enters the air layer 2 through the air channel 14 in the inner roof 1, and the heat is transferred to the super-hydrophilic layer 31 at the lowest part of the hopping droplet material thermal diode 3 in a natural convection heat exchange mode. The air layer 2 is arranged to enable hot air to directly exchange heat with the jumping droplet material thermal diode 3 in a convection heat exchange mode in a heat extraction mode, so that the heat storage effect of the structural layer 11 in the inner roof 1 is reduced to the maximum extent, and heat extraction to the outdoor is faster.
Because the super hydrophilic layer 31 of jump drop material thermal diode 3 below is heated, the deionized water 36 that is arranged in super hydrophilic layer surface wick 32 is heated and takes place the phase transition process, and the evaporation absorbs heat, and hot steam rises, meets colder super hydrophobic layer 35 in jump drop material thermal diode 3 top, takes place the phase transition process again on super hydrophobic layer 35 surface, and the condensation is exothermic, gives outer roof 4 with heat transfer, and then with heat transfer to colder outdoor. Meanwhile, due to the surface characteristics of the super-hydrophobic layer, the condensed deionized water 36 generates a droplet aggregation phenomenon on the surface of the super-hydrophobic layer 35, small droplets are automatically aggregated to form large droplets, and the total surface area of the droplets is reduced. When the energy obtained by reducing the surface area is larger than the smaller adsorption force of the super-hydrophobic surface, the liquid drop is separated from the super-hydrophobic layer 35 by the phenomenon of autonomous jumping. The liquid drops pass through the air interlayer 34 by virtue of the jumping phenomenon and are matched with the action of gravity to return to the super hydrophilic layer 31 below, the whole circulation process is completed, and the indoor heat removal process of the next round is carried out. As shown in fig. 4.
The heat insulation mode is as follows: when the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature, the outdoor temperature transfers heat to the super-hydrophobic layer 35 on the top of the jumping drop material thermal diode 3 through the outer layer roof 4, but because the characteristics of the jumping drop material thermal diode 3 determine that the deionized water 36 is soaked in the super-hydrophilic layer surface liquid absorption core 32, the phase change heat transfer process can not occur. Heat is only minimally transferred through the spacer material 33 and the air interlayer 34, thereby serving as insulation from the inside to the outside. As shown in fig. 5.
Taking a hot summer and warm winter region which does not need heating all the year round as an example, the outdoor temperature of the region all the day in summer is mainly around 25-35 ℃. When the outdoor temperature is higher in the daytime, the outdoor temperature is higher than the indoor temperature, namely the temperature of the outer layer roof 4 is higher than the temperature of the air layer 2 in the roof, according to the characteristics of the jumping liquid drop material thermal diode 3, the deionized water 36 soaks in the super-hydrophilic layer surface liquid absorbing core 32, the roof plays a heat insulation role, and compared with the traditional roof, the heat transfer quantity from the outdoor to the indoor is reduced. When the outdoor temperature begins to gradually decrease at night until the outdoor temperature is lower than the indoor temperature, the temperature of the air layer 2 inside the roof is higher than that of the roof 4 on the outer layer, the phase change heat transfer process occurs according to the characteristics of the jumping drop material thermal diode 3, the roof is automatically switched into the heat discharging mode, heat is rapidly discharged out of the room through the passive roof, and the indoor temperature is kept relatively appropriate. When the outdoor temperature begins to rise gradually again in the daytime and is higher than the indoor temperature again, the roof is automatically switched into the heat insulation mode to be circulated, so that the indoor cold load is reduced all the time, and the cold supply energy consumption is reduced.
The utility model discloses the principle and the implementation mode of the utility model are explained by applying the concrete examples, and the explanation of the above examples is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the utility model; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the field, according to the idea of the present invention, there are changes in the concrete implementation and the application scope. In summary, the content of the present description should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a novel passive form roof of intelligence adjustable which characterized in that: comprises an inner layer roof, an air layer, a jumping liquid drop material thermal diode and an outer layer roof which are arranged from bottom to top in sequence; the jumping liquid drop material thermal diode comprises a super-hydrophilic layer, a super-hydrophilic layer surface liquid absorbing core and a super-hydrophobic layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and the super-hydrophilic layer is separated from the super-hydrophobic layer through gasket materials on the left side and the right side to form a middle air interlayer.
2. The intelligent adjustable novel passive roof of claim 1, characterized in that: the inner roof comprises a structural layer, a slope finding layer and a leveling layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, and air channels communicated with the air layer are arranged on two sides of the inner roof.
3. The intelligent adjustable novel passive roof of claim 1, characterized in that: the outer layer roof comprises a bonding layer, a waterproof layer and a protective layer which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top.
4. The intelligent adjustable novel passive roof of claim 1, characterized in that: the internal circulating working medium in the air interlayer is deionized water.
5. The intelligent adjustable novel passive roof of claim 1, characterized in that: super hydrophilic layer with super hydrophobic layer is made by the copper, super hydrophilic layer with the surface of super hydrophobic layer uses silver nitrate solution to do the nanometer coating to use hydrophilic agent, hydrophobe respectively to carry out the cladding material, form finally after washing, drying super hydrophilic layer with super hydrophobic layer.
6. The intelligent adjustable novel passive roof of claim 1, characterized in that: the gasket material is polytetrafluoroethylene.
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| CN202021856066.8U CN212295381U (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | Intelligent adjustable novel passive roof |
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| CN202021856066.8U CN212295381U (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | Intelligent adjustable novel passive roof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111910852A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-10 | 清华大学 | Intelligent adjustable novel passive roof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111910852A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2020-11-10 | 清华大学 | Intelligent adjustable novel passive roof |
| WO2022041704A1 (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2022-03-03 | 清华大学 | New intelligent adjustable passive roof |
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