CN212293437U - Oil-containing solid oil washing system - Google Patents
Oil-containing solid oil washing system Download PDFInfo
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- CN212293437U CN212293437U CN202020341912.6U CN202020341912U CN212293437U CN 212293437 U CN212293437 U CN 212293437U CN 202020341912 U CN202020341912 U CN 202020341912U CN 212293437 U CN212293437 U CN 212293437U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to an oiliness solid wash oil system. The technical scheme is as follows: the wash oil medium is running water or sea water, dissolve the downside connection heating system of wash oil system, the top is passed through pipe connection to low temperature constant temperature cooling system, and be equipped with pumping system and back pressure system, low temperature constant temperature cooling system's end-to-end connection oil-water separation system, the running water heats to the supercritical water back pump sending through heating system and dissolves the wash oil system, soak the oily mud in dissolving the wash oil system, dissolve, extract the supercritical water solution that the oil in the oily solid formed oil, the pump sending is sent into oil-water separation system after cooling to low temperature constant temperature cooling system again and is realized the layering separation. The utility model has the advantages that: simple structure, the treatment effect is good, not only can furthest retrieve oil to do not have secondary pollution, need not use organic solvent, also need not add chemical agent in aqueous, wash water can cyclic utilization, safety, environmental protection, economy, high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a useless processing technology of danger and oil environmental protection technology, in particular to oiliness solid wash oil system.
Background
With the increasing demand of human beings on petroleum and the continuous development of petroleum industry, the development breadth and depth of unconventional oil gas resources are continuously increased, the oil-based drilling fluid is more and more widely used, and more oil-containing sludge and oil-containing drill cuttings are generated. In addition, various oily sludge can be generated in the conventional processes of oil exploitation, gathering and transportation and oil refining, and the oily sludge can cause serious pollution problems when entering surface soil and water. Therefore, the oily solid material must be subjected to effective oil-solid separation to reduce the oil content to an environmentally acceptable level before the solid waste can be discharged into the environment.
Oily sludge, drill cuttings and other oily solids belong to dangerous waste products. For the treatment of oil-containing solids, researchers at home and abroad have developed and applied various technologies, which are summarized into four main categories. The first category is high temperature burning method (1200-1500 deg.C). The oily sludge and the drill cuttings are collected firstly and then are incinerated by a special high-temperature incinerator which needs to be provided with a dust removal and gas recovery device, otherwise, the atmosphere is seriously polluted. The second broad category is low temperature pyrolysis process. The process is that oil substances in oily sludge and drill cuttings are desorbed by low-temperature (340 ℃) heating, then oil and water converted into gas phase are cooled into liquid by cooling water in a series of pipelines, oil and water are layered, and oil and water separation is carried out. The process has the following problems: the washing and purification adopt ammonia water, the washing amount is large, the produced wastewater is much, the subsequent wastewater treatment is complex, and the oil-water separation treatment amount is large. The third major category is the dissolution wash process. The process mainly comprises the steps of washing oil-containing sludge and drill cuttings at a certain temperature and under a certain pressure by using an aqueous solution of a surfactant or an organic solvent, and carrying out oil-water separation after solid-liquid separation. The process can generate a large amount of wastewater, consumes a large amount of organic solvent, and has complex subsequent oil-water separation, wastewater treatment and waste organic solvent treatment processes and higher operation cost. The fourth major category is microbiological treatment process technology. The technology needs to specially culture strains capable of decomposing oil substances, needs a complex domestication process, has certain selectivity of microorganisms on oil products, is harsh in application conditions, is immature at present, and is not industrially popularized and applied. In summary, except for the fourth method, the first three main process methods are complicated, consume more materials in different degrees in the treatment process, and generate secondary pollution to the environment.
Water is the most common inorganic solvent with the strongest polarity in the nature, and the water with the strong polarity cannot be mixed with the oil with the weak polarity according to the similarity and intermiscibility principle. From the physicochemical knowledge, the polarity of water decreases significantly as the temperature increases. According to the waterp-TPhase diagram, which becomes supercritical water after reaching critical state (temperature 374.15 deg.C, pressure 22.1 MPa), and itThe polarity becomes very weak, similar to an organic solvent, and thus is capable of being completely miscible with oil as a homogeneous solution. When the temperature and the pressure are reduced to be lower than the critical temperature and the critical pressure of water, the polarity difference of oil and water is increased, and the oil and the water are not miscible; due to the density difference of oil and water, the oil and water are naturally layered. In addition, the oil substances in the oil-containing solid are easy to generate thermal desorption after the temperature exceeds 340 ℃, are converted into a free state from an adsorption/bound state, are separated from the surfaces of solid pores, and are more easily mixed and dissolved with high-temperature water, subcritical water and supercritical water.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims at providing an oily solid washing oil system to the above-mentioned defect that prior art exists, solved current oily solid processing system technology complicacy, the big problem of material consumption and secondary pollution problem.
The utility model provides a pair of oiliness solid wash oil system, its technical scheme is: including pumping system, heating system, dissolve wash oil system, low temperature constant temperature cooling system, back pressure system, oil-water separation system six parts, the wash oil medium is the running water, dissolve wash oil system's downside and connect heating system, pipeline connection is passed through at the top to low temperature constant temperature cooling system to be equipped with pumping system and back pressure system, low temperature constant temperature cooling system's end-to-end connection oil-water separation system, the running water heats to dissolving wash oil system to the pump sending after the supercritical water through heating system, to dissolving the oily mud in the wash oil system soak, dissolve, draw the supercritical water solution that the oil in the oily solid formed oil, the pump sending oil-water separation system realization layering after cooling to low temperature constant temperature cooling system again.
Preferably, the heating system adopts a heater (2) for heating water to the temperature and pressure condition of supercritical water, the maximum heating temperature is 550 ℃, and the pressure resistance is 50 MPa.
Preferably, the low-temperature constant-temperature cooling system comprises a condensing coil (5) and a low-temperature circulating water bath (6) and is used for cooling the supercritical water solution dissolved with oil to be lower than the critical temperature and the critical pressure, and the temperature of the low-temperature circulating water bath (6) is adjustable at-10 ℃ to 100 ℃.
Preferably, above-mentioned back pressure system adopts back pressure valve (7), buffer container (8) and hand pump (9) to constitute, back pressure valve (7) are through buffer container (8) connection hand pump (9) for control high temperature high pressure vessel's internal circulating pressure, the highest operating pressure 50MPa, but gas or liquid are exerted pressure.
Preferably, the oil-water separation system is composed of an oil-water separation tank (10), a first pneumatic valve (11), an oil-well pump (12), a second pneumatic valve (13) and a water suction pump (14), the middle of the oil-water separation tank (10) is connected to an oil tank (15) through the first pneumatic valve (11) and the oil-well pump (12), and the lower portion of the oil-water separation tank (10) is connected to the water tank (4) through the second pneumatic valve (13) and the water suction pump (14).
Preferably, the oil dissolving and washing system adopts a high-temperature high-pressure container (1), the inner cavity of the high-temperature high-pressure container (1) is filled with oily sludge and is provided with a heating jacket (23) for soaking, dissolving and extracting oil in the oily sludge or rock debris to form a supercritical water solution of the oil, the adopted high-temperature high-pressure container resists the pressure of 40MPa, and the highest heating temperature of the heating jacket (23) is 550 ℃.
Preferably, a third thermometer (25) is arranged on a pipeline at the bottom of the high-temperature high-pressure container (1), a four-way valve (18) is arranged at the top of the high-temperature high-pressure container (1), and a safety valve (16) and an emptying valve (17) are arranged on the four-way valve (18).
Preferably, the back pressure valve (7) is connected with a hand pump (9) through a buffer container (8).
Preferably, a pressure gauge (19) and a first thermometer (20) are arranged between the condensing coil (5) and the back pressure valve (7).
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses a pumping system pours into the clear water into the heater in, make water reach supercritical state, then pour into and dissolve the oil washing system, supercritical water fully soaks in dissolving the oil washing system, dissolve, extract the supercritical water solution that the oil in the oily solid formed oil, pump out from dissolving oil washing system upper portion outlet line again, get into low temperature constant temperature cooling system, through back pressure system after cooling to being less than supercritical temperature, get into oil-water separation system and realize after the oil-water separation, oil recovery, water gets into the water pitcher, then carry out the oil washing circulation of next round through pumping system again, until there is not oil washed out, the oil content in oily mud and the drill chip reaches the standard requirement that can discharge the environment;
the utility model discloses a structure and process flow are simple, and the treatment effect is good, not only can the at utmost retrieve oil to do not have secondary pollution, need not use organic solvent, also need not add the chemical agent in aqueous, wash water can cyclic utilization, and safety, environmental protection, economy, high efficiency can provide technical means for innocent treatment of oily mud and detritus, the oil washing of oil reservoir rock core is handled and is thoughtlessly driven the high recovery ratio research.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
in the upper diagram: the device comprises a high-temperature high-pressure container 1, a heater 2, a constant-flow pump 3, a water tank 4, a condensing coil 5, a low-temperature circulating water bath 6, a back pressure valve 7, a buffer container 8, a hand pump 9, an oil-water separation tank 10, a first pneumatic valve 11, an oil well pump 12, a second pneumatic valve 13, a water suction pump 14, an oil tank 15, a safety valve 16, an emptying valve 17, a four-way valve 18, a pressure gauge 19, a first thermometer 20, a pressure gauge 21, a three-way valve 22, a heating sleeve 23, a second thermometer 24, a third thermometer 25 and a temperature controller 26.
Detailed Description
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and it will be understood that they are presented herein only to illustrate and explain the present invention, and not to limit the present invention.
Wherein, the heating system adopts a heater 2 for heating water to the temperature and pressure condition of supercritical water, the highest heating temperature is 550 ℃, and the pressure resistance is 50 MPa; the low-temperature constant-temperature cooling system comprises a condensing coil 5 and a low-temperature circulating water bath 6, and is used for cooling supercritical water solution dissolved with oil to be lower than critical temperature and critical pressure, and the temperature of the low-temperature circulating water bath 6 is adjustable at-10-100 ℃. Above-mentioned back pressure system adopts back pressure valve 7, buffer container 8 and hand pump 9 to constitute, back pressure valve 7 passes through buffer container 8 and connects hand pump 9 for control high temperature high pressure vessel's internal circulating pressure, the highest operating pressure 50MPa, but gas or liquid are exerted pressure.
In addition, the oil-water separation system is composed of an oil-water separation tank 10, a first pneumatic valve 11, an oil well pump 12, a second pneumatic valve 13 and a water suction pump 14, wherein the middle part of the oil-water separation tank 10 is connected to an oil tank 15 through the first pneumatic valve 11 and the oil well pump 12, and the lower part of the oil-water separation tank 10 is connected to the water tank 4 through the second pneumatic valve 13 and the water suction pump 14.
Furthermore, the oil dissolving and washing system adopts a high-temperature high-pressure container 1, the inner cavity of the high-temperature high-pressure container 1 is filled with oily sludge, and is provided with a heating jacket 23 for soaking, dissolving and extracting oil in the oily sludge or rock debris to form supercritical water solution of the oil, the adopted high-temperature high-pressure container resists the pressure of 40MPa, and the highest heating temperature of the heating jacket 23 is 550 ℃.
In addition, a third thermometer 25 is arranged on the pipeline at the bottom of the high-temperature high-pressure container 1, a four-way valve 18 is arranged at the top of the high-temperature high-pressure container 1, and a safety valve 16 and an emptying valve 17 are arranged on the four-way valve 18; the back pressure valve 7 is connected with a hand pump 9 through a buffer container 8; a pressure gauge 19 and a first thermometer 20 are arranged between the condensing coil 5 and the back pressure valve 7.
Further concretely, the utility model discloses a high temperature high pressure container 1, heater 2, advection pump 3, water pitcher 4, condenser coil 5, low temperature circulation water bath 6, back pressure valve 7, oil water separating tank 10, first pneumatic valve 11, oil-well pump 12, second pneumatic valve 13, suction pump 14, oil tank 15, the inner chamber of high temperature high pressure container 1 is equipped with oily mud to be equipped with heating jacket 23, the bottom is connected to heater 2 through the pipeline, heater 2 is connected to water pitcher 4 through advection pump 3; the top of high temperature high pressure vessel 1 is connected to condensing coil 5 through the pipeline, and condensing coil 5 installs at 6 inner chambers of low temperature cycle water bath, and condensing coil 5 rethread backpressure valve 7 is connected to oil water separating tank 10, and oil water separating tank 10's middle part is connected to oil tank 15 through first pneumatic valve 11 and oil-well pump 12, and oil water separating tank 10's lower part is connected to water pitcher 4 through second pneumatic valve 13 and suction pump 14.
The utility model discloses a theory of operation is: clean water is injected into a heater by a pumping system to enable the water to reach a supercritical state, then the clean water is injected into a dissolved oil washing system, supercritical water in the dissolved oil washing system is fully soaked, dissolved and extracted to form a supercritical water solution of oil, then the supercritical water solution is pumped out from an outlet pipeline at the upper part of the dissolved oil washing system and enters a low-temperature constant-temperature cooling system, the oil-water separation system is used for realizing oil-water separation after the supercritical water solution is cooled to be lower than the supercritical temperature, oil is recovered, water enters a water tank, then the next round of oil washing circulation is carried out by the pumping system until no oil is washed out, and the oil content in oil-containing sludge and drill cuttings reaches the standard requirement of the environment capable of being discharged. The working pressure of the device is normal pressure to 40MPa, and the working temperature is room temperature to 500 ℃. The technical principle of the device is that common water is heated to a supercritical state, the oil-containing solid is cleaned by utilizing the principle of supercritical water and oil miscible phase, the temperature is lower than the critical temperature, oil and water are naturally layered, and the effect of oil-water separation is achieved. The system and the method are safe, environment-friendly, economical and efficient, do not produce secondary pollution, and provide a technical means for harmless treatment of oily sludge and rock debris, oil washing treatment of oil reservoir cores and research of improving recovery ratio by miscible phase flooding.
The utility model provides a comprehensive treatment and recovery method for oil-containing solids, which comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the figure 1, all systems, pipelines, tee joints, four-way joints, valves and switches are connected well, and tap water is used for testing pressure to ensure the tightness;
(2) loading oily sludge containing 4.6% of oil into a sample chamber of a high-temperature high-pressure container, screwing an upper cover and a lower cover, connecting an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline with a valve, filling water into a water tank and a cooling water bath, filling all system containers and pipelines with water, and exhausting air in the pipeline, the container and the valve;
(3) starting a power switch of the heater to heat water, wherein the pressure is correspondingly increased along with the rise of the temperature;
(4) opening a heating power switch of the high-temperature high-pressure container, and heating the high-temperature high-pressure container to keep the temperature not lower than 380 ℃;
(5) when the temperature of water in the heater is higher than 400 ℃ and the pressure is higher than 25MPa, sequentially opening a pass switch, a tee joint, a four-way joint and a valve, so that the high-temperature high-pressure supercritical water is fully soaked, dissolved and extracted in a sample chamber of a high-temperature high-pressure container to form a supercritical water solution of oil;
(6) the oil-water mixed phase solution flows out from an outlet pipeline at the upper part of the high-temperature high-pressure container, enters a low-temperature constant-temperature cooling water bath, passes through a back pressure valve after being cooled to be lower than the critical temperature, and enters an oil-water separation pipe;
(7) in the oil-water separation pipe, oil and water are naturally layered due to density difference, oil is recovered, and water enters a water tank;
(8) and (4) carrying out the next round of oil washing circulation on the recovered water in the water tank through a constant-flow pump until no oil is washed out and the oil content in the oil-containing sludge is 0.08%.
The utility model provides a comprehensive treatment and recovery method for oil-containing solids, which comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the figure 1, all systems, pipelines, tee joints, four-way joints, valves and switches are connected well, and pressure test is carried out by using seawater to ensure the tightness;
(2) loading 4.8% oily drilling cuttings into a sample chamber of a high-temperature high-pressure container, screwing an upper cover and a lower cover, connecting an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline with valves, filling seawater into a water tank and a cooling water bath, filling all system containers and pipelines with the seawater, and exhausting air in the pipelines, the containers and the valves along the pipeline;
(3) starting a power switch of the heater to heat the seawater, wherein the pressure is correspondingly increased along with the rise of the temperature;
(4) opening a heating power switch of the high-temperature high-pressure container, and heating the high-temperature high-pressure container to keep the temperature not lower than 380 ℃;
(5) when the temperature of water in the heater is higher than 400 ℃ and the pressure is higher than 25MPa, sequentially opening a pass switch, a tee joint, a four-way joint and a valve, so that the high-temperature high-pressure supercritical water is fully soaked, dissolved and extracted in a sample chamber of a high-temperature high-pressure container to form a supercritical water solution of oil;
(6) the oil-water mixed phase solution flows out from an outlet pipeline at the upper part of the high-temperature high-pressure container, enters a low-temperature constant-temperature cooling water bath, passes through a back pressure valve after being cooled to be lower than the critical temperature, and enters an oil-water separation pipe;
(7) in the oil-water separation pipe, oil and water are naturally layered due to density difference, oil is recovered, and water enters a water tank;
(8) and (4) carrying out the next round of oil washing circulation on the recovered water in the water tank through a constant-flow pump until no oil is washed out and the oil content in the oil-containing sludge is 0.07 percent.
The above description is only a few of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and any person skilled in the art may modify the above-described embodiments or modify them into equivalent ones. Therefore, any simple modifications or equivalent replacements made according to the technical solution of the present invention belong to the scope of the claimed invention as far as possible.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an oiliness solid wash oil system which characterized by: including pumping system, heating system, dissolve the wash oil system, low temperature constant temperature cooling system, back pressure system, oil-water separation system six parts, the wash oil medium is running water or sea water, dissolve the downside connection heating system of wash oil system, pipeline connection to low temperature constant temperature cooling system is passed through at the top to be equipped with pumping system and back pressure system, low temperature constant temperature cooling system's end-to-end connection oil-water separation system, running water or sea water pass through heating system and heat to the supercritical water back pump-to-dissolve the wash oil system, soak, dissolve, draw the supercritical water solution that the oil in the oily solid formed oil to the oily mud in dissolving the wash oil system, the pump-sending is sent oil-water separation system to realize the layering after cooling to low temperature constant temperature cooling system again.
2. The oil-containing solid wash system of claim 1, wherein: the heating system adopts a heater (2) for heating water to the temperature and pressure condition of supercritical water, the highest heating temperature is 550 ℃, and the pressure resistance is 50 MPa.
3. The oil-containing solid wash system of claim 1, wherein: the low-temperature constant-temperature cooling system comprises a condensing coil (5) and a low-temperature circulating water bath (6) and is used for cooling a supercritical water solution dissolved with oil to a temperature lower than a critical temperature and a critical pressure, and the temperature of the low-temperature circulating water bath (6) is adjustable at-10-100 ℃.
4. The oil-containing solid wash system of claim 1, wherein: the back pressure system adopts back pressure valve (7), buffer container (8) and hand pump (9) to constitute, back pressure valve (7) are through buffer container (8) connection hand pump (9) for control high temperature high pressure vessel's internal circulating pressure, the highest operating pressure 50MPa, but gas or liquid are exerted pressure.
5. The oil-containing solid wash system of claim 1, wherein: the oil-water separation system is composed of an oil-water separation tank (10), a first pneumatic valve (11), an oil well pump (12), a second pneumatic valve (13) and a water suction pump (14), the middle of the oil-water separation tank (10) is connected to an oil tank (15) through the first pneumatic valve (11) and the oil well pump (12), and the lower portion of the oil-water separation tank (10) is connected to a water tank (4) through the second pneumatic valve (13) and the water suction pump (14).
6. The oil-containing solid wash system of claim 1, wherein: the dissolving and oil washing system adopts a high-temperature high-pressure container (1), the inner cavity of the high-temperature high-pressure container (1) is filled with oily sludge and is provided with a heating sleeve (23) for soaking, dissolving and extracting oil in the oily sludge or rock debris to form a supercritical water solution of the oil, the adopted high-temperature high-pressure container resists the pressure of 40MPa, and the highest heating temperature of the heating sleeve (23) is 550 ℃.
7. The oil-containing solid wash system of claim 6, wherein: the pipeline at the bottom of the high-temperature high-pressure container (1) is provided with a third thermometer (25), the top of the high-temperature high-pressure container (1) is provided with a four-way valve (18), and the four-way valve (18) is provided with a safety valve (16) and an emptying valve (17).
8. The oil-containing solid wash system of claim 3, wherein: and a pressure gauge (19) and a first thermometer (20) are arranged between the condensing coil (5) and the back pressure valve (7).
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| CN202020341912.6U CN212293437U (en) | 2020-03-18 | 2020-03-18 | Oil-containing solid oil washing system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111320997A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-06-23 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Oil-containing solid oil washing system and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111320997A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-06-23 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Oil-containing solid oil washing system and method |
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