CN212292732U - Automatic cap opening machine for medical blood collection tubes - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an automatic cap opener of medical heparin tube. The blood sampling tube clamping device comprises a bottom plate, wherein a support frame is fixedly connected to the bottom plate, a clamping cap slide way for inserting a blood sampling tube is fixedly connected to the upper part of the support frame, a tube cap clamping hole is formed in the clamping cap slide way, and the aperture of the tube cap clamping hole is smaller than the outer diameter of a tube cap of the blood sampling tube and larger than the outer diameter of a test tube of the blood sampling tube; a pulling structure which is used for clamping a test tube part of the blood collection tube and driving the test tube part to move downwards is connected to the support frame; the bottom plate is connected with a bearing seat, and the bearing seat is connected with a test tube bearing structure which is used for bearing the test tube part of the blood collection tube and driving the test tube part of the blood collection tube to tilt at a certain angle; one end of the clamping cap slideway is connected with an adsorption component, and a fan which is opposite to the adsorption component is fixedly connected to the support frame; the test tube bearing structure includes the test tube seat of connecting on the bearing seat, offers the test tube storage tank that is used for holding the heparin tube on the test tube seat. The utility model discloses compact structure, convenient operation, reliability height just have the air filter effect concurrently.

Description

Automatic cap opening machine for medical blood collection tubes

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instrument, especially, relate to an automatic cap machine of opening of medical heparin tube.

Background

The collection of blood specimens is the most common and very important work in the collection of hospital test specimens, and in the process, disposable vacuum blood collection tubes are used in a large amount.

The vacuum blood collection tube is a disposable negative pressure vacuum glass tube capable of realizing quantitative blood collection and needs to be matched with a venous blood collection needle for use. The principle of the vacuum blood collection tube is that a blood collection tube test tube with a tube cap is pre-drawn into different vacuum degrees, a negative pressure is utilized to automatically and quantitatively collect venous blood samples, and one end of a blood collection needle penetrates into a vein of a human body and then the other end of the blood collection needle is inserted into a rubber plug of the vacuum blood collection tube. Human venous blood is inside the vacuum test tube, under the effect of negative pressure, through blood taking needle suction blood specimen container, under a venipuncture, can realize that multitube gathers and does not take place to reveal. After sampling, a series of operations such as centrifugation, cover opening, inspection, cover closing, preservation, disinfection treatment and the like are required to be carried out on the blood collection tube.

At present, the uncovering operation before the inspection is mostly completed by the manual operation of medical staff, namely, the tube cap on the blood sampling tube is pulled out manually, and the manual operation has the following defects: (1) the labor is complicated and the labor is consumed; (2) different operators have different force, if the force of the operators is too high, the vibration in the vacuum blood sampling tube can be caused, the centrifuged sample can be influenced, and meanwhile, the blood sample can be easily splashed out of the blood sampling tube; (3) the vacuum blood collection tube can generate aerosol in the opening process, and as a plurality of patients and specimens thereof contain pathogenic microorganisms, the vacuum blood collection tube can pollute air in a laboratory when generating a large amount of aerosol and diffusing the aerosol into the air; since the aerosol particles containing pathogenic microorganisms may be inhaled by an operator, adhered to naked skin clothes, adhered to articles such as mobile phones placed randomly, or flown into a water cup, etc., which may cause airborne iatrogenic infection, there is a need to design a blood sampling tube cap opener that can overcome the above problems.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides an automatic cap opener for medical blood sampling tubes, which has compact structure, convenient operation, high reliability and air filtering effect and solves the technical problems existing in the prior art.

The utility model discloses a solve the technical scheme that technical problem that exists among the well-known technique took and be: an automatic cap opener for medical blood collection tubes comprises a bottom plate, wherein a support frame is fixedly connected to the bottom plate, a cap clamping slide way for inserting the blood collection tubes is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the support frame, tube cap clamping holes are formed in the cap clamping slide way, and the aperture of each tube cap clamping hole is smaller than the outer diameter of a tube cap of a blood collection tube and larger than the outer diameter of a test tube of the blood collection tube; a pulling structure which is used for clamping a test tube part of the blood collection tube and driving the test tube part to move downwards is connected to the support frame; the bottom plate is connected with a bearing seat, and the bearing seat is connected with a test tube bearing structure which is used for bearing the test tube part of the blood collection tube and driving the test tube part of the blood collection tube to tilt at a certain angle; one end of the clamping cap slideway is connected with an adsorption component, and a fan which is opposite to the adsorption component is fixedly connected to the support frame; test tube bearing structure includes the test tube seat of dismantling the connection on the bearing seat, offers the test tube storage tank that is used for holding the heparin tube on the test tube seat.

The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model provides an automatic cap opener for medical blood sampling tubes, which can automatically and mechanically open the cap of the blood sampling tube by arranging a cap clamping slide way and a pulling structure, thereby reducing the labor intensity of workers; meanwhile, the mechanical operation ensures that the force in the cap opening process is consistent all the time, thereby avoiding the influence of the oscillation in the vacuum blood sampling tube caused by the excessive force on the sample and also avoiding the blood sample from splashing outside the blood sampling tube; the aerosol generated in the cap opening process can be adsorbed and filtered by arranging the adsorption component and the fan, so that the phenomena of air pollution and air-borne iatrogenic infection caused by the fact that the aerosol is diffused to a laboratory are avoided, and the environment-friendly consciousness is met; empty certain angle when can carrying out the bearing to the heparin tube through setting up bearing seat and test tube bearing structure, make things convenient for the staff to take the test tube and carry out sample detection, guaranteed going on that machinery cap opening process can be smooth.

Preferably: the adsorption component comprises an adsorption cotton bracket which is connected with the end part of the clamping cap slide way and is far away from the discharge end, an adsorption cotton slot which is longitudinally extended is arranged on the adsorption cotton bracket, adsorption cotton is inserted into the adsorption cotton slot, and the adsorption cotton further comprises a first optical coupler which is used for detecting the adsorption cotton.

Preferably: the clamping cap slideway comprises a platform part which is transversely arranged, an inclined plate part which inclines downwards is integrally formed at one end of the platform part, and a pipe cap falling barrel is detachably connected to the lower end of the inclined plate part; the pipe cap clamping hole is formed in the connecting position of the platform portion and the inclined plate portion.

Preferably: the pulling structures are provided with two groups, and the two groups of pulling structures are longitudinally arranged below the clamping cap slide way in parallel; draw structure and include the double-deck double-layered pipe gyro wheel that is used for the test tube portion of centre gripping blood sampling pipe of rotating the connection on the support frame, still including being used for driving two sets of double-layered pipe gyro wheels synchronous rotatory cap drive assembly that opens in opposite directions.

Preferably: the cap opening driving assembly comprises driven gears which are in key connection with a mandrel of the pipe clamping roller, and the two groups of driven gears are meshed with each other; the driving gear is rotatably connected with the support frame and is meshed with the group of driven gears; the driving device also comprises a driving motor for driving the driving gear to rotate.

Preferably: the test tube seat is made of soft materials.

Preferably: the section of the test tube accommodating groove is of a fan-shaped structure, and the central angle of the fan-shaped structure is an acute angle.

Preferably: the test tube accommodating groove is in a straight cylinder shape; test tube bearing structure still includes the pivot of two sets of coaxial line settings at the lower part rigid coupling of the lateral wall of bearing seat, and two sets of pivots transversely set up and rotate with the bottom plate and be connected, are connected with the upset drive assembly that is used for driving the bearing seat to revolute the axis upset certain angle of axle in the pivot, still including being used for locking the locking Assembly who locks and release the position of bearing seat.

Preferably: the overturning driving assembly comprises an overturning gear connected on the rotating shaft, and the overturning gear is of a fan-shaped structure; a torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft, one end of the torsion spring is tightly propped against the bottom plate, and the other end of the torsion spring is tightly propped against the overturning gear; and a damping gear matched with the overturning gear is connected to the mounting side plate.

Preferably: the locking assembly comprises a rod piece which is transversely arranged, the inner end part of the rod piece is connected with a limiting ball, and a wedge-shaped block matched with the limiting ball is fixedly connected to the bearing seat; and the relay is used for driving the rod piece to move transversely.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention, showing a right view;

fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention, showing a left view;

fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the adsorption assembly of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the cap-locking slide of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of the cap opening driving assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a test tube holder according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view, upper view, of a second embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of area A of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view of a test tube holder according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic perspective view, front perspective, of a second embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. dropping the pipe cap into the barrel; 2. an uncapping drive assembly; 2-1, driving a motor; 2-2, a driven gear; 2-3, a driving gear; 3. an upper sensor assembly; 3-1, installing a transmitting sleeve; 3-2, mounting a receiving sleeve; 4. a cap clamping slideway; 4-1, a material blocking vertical plate; 4-2, a platform part; 4-3, clamping the pipe cap; 4-4, a ramp portion; 5. a fan frame; 6. a fan; 7. an adsorption component; 7-1, adsorbing a cotton bracket; 7-2, adsorbing a cotton slot; 7-3, adsorbing cotton; 7-4, a first optical coupler; 7-5, an optical coupler frame; 8. a pipe clamping roller; 9. a roller frame; 10. a support frame; 11. a blood collection tube; 12. installing a side plate; 12-1, a chute; 13. a bearing seat; 14. a lower sensor assembly; 14-1, lower launching sleeve; 14-2, lower receiving sleeve; 15. a base plate; 16. a test tube seat; 16-1, a test tube accommodating groove; 17. a wedge block; 18. a limiting ball; 19. a relay; 20. a turnover drive assembly; 20-1, a slide bar; 20-2, turning over a gear; 20-3, torsion spring; 20-4, a damping gear; 21. and a second optical coupler.

Detailed Description

In order to further understand the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following embodiments are described in detail:

example one

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the automatic cap opener for medical blood collection tubes of the present invention comprises a bottom plate 15, a support frame 10 is fixedly connected to the bottom plate 15, a cap locking slide 4 for inserting the blood collection tube 11 is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the support frame 10, a cap locking hole 4-3 is formed in the cap locking slide 4, and the diameter of the cap locking hole 4-3 is smaller than the outer diameter of the cap of the blood collection tube 11 and larger than the outer diameter of the test tube of the blood collection tube 11. In the actual work process, the test tube portion of blood collection tube 11 is inserted in tube cap clamping hole 4-3, and the tube cap of blood collection tube 11 is set up on clamping cap slide 4.

Further referring to fig. 4, in the present embodiment, the cap clamping slide 4 includes a platform portion 4-2 disposed transversely, an inclined plate portion 4-4 inclined downward is integrally formed at one end of the platform portion 4-2, and a cap clamping hole 4-3 is formed at a connection portion between the platform portion 4-2 and the inclined plate portion 4-4; the two sides of the platform part 4-2 and the inclined plate part 4-4 are both connected with material blocking vertical plates 4-1, and the clamping cap slideway 4 is connected with the support frame 10 through a group of material blocking vertical plates 4-1. The lower end of the sloping plate part 4-4 is detachably connected with a pipe cap falling barrel 1. After the cap opening operation is completed, the cap of the blood collection tube 11 can roll down into the cap falling barrel 1 along the inclined plate part 4-4 of the cap clamping slide 4 under the action of the gravity of the cap, and then fall into the collection box outside the cap opening machine under the guiding action of the cap falling barrel 1. In this embodiment, because pipe cap falling barrel 1 is the consumptive material, after opening the cap machine and using a period, need change pipe cap falling barrel 1, consequently pipe cap falling barrel 1 adopts the plastics material and carries out the dismantlement through screw and card cap slide 4 and be connected.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, in order to provide a downward pulling force to the test tube inserted in the cap clamping hole 4-3, so that the cap and the test tube of the blood collection tube 11 can be separated, a pulling structure for clamping the test tube of the blood collection tube 11 and driving the test tube to move downward is connected to the supporting frame 10. Further, in order to improve the stability of opening the cap in-process, when avoiding separating tube cap and test tube portion, the test tube portion takes place the slope and deviates from vertical position, in this embodiment, draws the structure and is provided with two sets ofly, draws the structure and vertically sets up in the below of card cap slide 4 side by side in addition for two sets ofly.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a roller frame 9 is connected to an upper portion of the support frame 10, and a certain gap is left between the roller frame 9 and the support frame 10.

The pulling structure comprises two groups of pipe clamping rollers 8 which are rotatably connected on a roller frame 9, and further comprises a cap opening driving assembly 2 which is used for driving the two groups of pipe clamping rollers 8 to synchronously rotate in opposite directions. Two sets of double-layered pipe gyro wheel 8 symmetries set up the both sides in the test tube portion of heparin tube 11, and in this embodiment, the rolling surface of double-layered pipe gyro wheel 8 is the V style of calligraphy with the test tube portion looks adaptation of heparin tube 11. Through setting up available two sets of double-layered pipe gyro wheel 8 of going to the market and carry out the centre gripping to the test tube portion of heparin tube 11.

Because two groups of pulling structures are arranged in the embodiment, four groups of tube clamping rollers 8 are arranged in the embodiment, in the actual cap opening working process, after the four tube clamping rollers 8 jointly embrace the test tube part of the blood collection tube 11, the cap opening driving assembly 2 drives the two corresponding groups of tube clamping rollers 8 to synchronously rotate in opposite directions, and the friction force between the test tube part of the blood collection tube 11 and the tube clamping rollers 8 provides a downward driving force for the test tube part of the blood collection tube 11, so that the test tube part of the blood collection tube 11 is driven to move downward; meanwhile, the tube cap clamping holes 4-3 of the clamping cap slide ways 4 can play a limiting role in the tube caps of the blood collection tubes 11, the tube caps are prevented from moving downwards along with the test tube portions, the test tube portions are finally separated from the tube caps under the continuous driving of the tube clamping roller wheels 8, and the separated tube caps can fall into the collection box outside the cap opening machine along the clamping cap slide ways 4 and the tube cap falling barrel 1 under the action of self gravity.

Referring to fig. 5, in the present embodiment, the mandrel of the pipe clamping roller 8 penetrates through the roller frame 9 and is rotatably connected to the supporting frame 10 through the rolling bearing; in order to further prolong the service life of the cap opener, a copper sleeve is arranged on the roller carrier 9, and a mandrel of the pipe clamping roller 8 is rotatably connected with the copper sleeve.

As shown in FIG. 5, the uncapping drive assembly 2 comprises driven gears 2-2 which are connected with the mandrel of the pipe clamping roller 8 in a key mode, and two groups of the driven gears 2-2 are meshed. The cap opening driving assembly 2 further comprises a driving gear 2-3 which is rotatably connected to the support frame 10, and the driving gear 2-3 is meshed with one driven gear 2-2 of the two groups of driven gears 2-2; the driven gear 2-2 and the driving gear 2-3 are positioned in a gap reserved between the roller frame 9 and the support frame 10. The cap opening driving assembly 2 further comprises a driving motor 2-1 for driving the driving gear 2-3 to rotate, in this embodiment, the driving motor 2-1 is fixedly connected to the supporting frame 10. In this embodiment, the two sets of driving motors 2-1 operate synchronously at the same rotation speed, and the driving motors 2-1 are low-speed motors, and the rotation speed of the motors is adjustable.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in order to bear the test tube portion of accomplishing the operation of uncapping, avoid test tube portion to take place to empty, also make things convenient for the staff to take test tube portion simultaneously, be connected with bearing seat 13 on bottom plate 15, be connected with the test tube bearing structure that is used for the test tube portion of bearing heparin tube 11 on bearing seat 13, test tube bearing structure can drive the test tube portion orientation that heparin tube 11 deviates from the direction of support frame 10 and empty certain angle, and then make things convenient for the staff to take test tube portion and carry out blood sample detection.

In this embodiment, test tube bearing structure includes the test tube seat 16 that can dismantle the connection on bearing seat 13, and in order to avoid the test tube portion of heparin tube 11 and test tube seat 16 to take place rigid collision, cause the blood sample in the test tube to splash, test tube seat 16 adopts soft material, and in this embodiment, test tube seat 16 adopts the rubber material and produces through integrative injection molding process.

Referring further to fig. 6, the test tube holder 16 includes a supporting holder body, and a test tube accommodating groove 16-1 for accommodating a test tube portion of the blood collection tube 11 is disposed in a middle portion of the supporting holder body, in this embodiment, a cross-sectional profile of the test tube accommodating groove 16-1 is a fan-shaped structure, and a central angle of the fan-shaped structure is an acute angle. Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 6, the side wall of the cross section of the tube accommodating groove 16-1 adjacent to the support frame 10 is vertical, and the side wall of the cross section of the tube accommodating groove 16-1 away from the support frame 10 is inclined in a direction from bottom to top towards the direction away from the support frame 10. In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the test tube accommodating groove 16-1 is slightly larger than the tube diameter of the test tube portion of the blood collection tube 11, so that the test tube portion can be just inserted into the test tube accommodating groove 16-1 without shaking left and right.

In this embodiment, the upper part of the outer peripheral wall of the test tube holder 16 is folded outward and downward to form a ring of flanges, and the upper edge of the holder 13 is inserted between the flanges of the test tube holder 16 and the peripheral wall during the actual mounting process. Simultaneously, in order to further improve the fastness of being connected of test tube seat 16 and bearing seat 13, can set up corresponding through-hole on bearing seat 13 and test tube seat 16 to screw through wearing to locate in the through-hole can dismantle the connection to bearing seat 13 and test tube seat 16.

The cap opening driving assembly 2 drives the two corresponding sets of tube clamping rollers 8 to synchronously rotate in opposite directions, so that the test tube part of the blood collection tube 11 is separated from the tube cap; after the separation is completed, tube clamping rollers 8 continue to clamp the test tube portion of blood collection tube 11 and move downward, and when the bottom of the test tube portion contacts the bottom of test tube accommodating groove 16-1 of test tube holder 16, the test tube portion of blood collection tube 11 has been separated from contact with two sets of tube clamping rollers 8 located in the pulling structure at the lowest layer. After the test tube portion of the blood collection tube 11 falls into the test tube accommodating groove 16-1 of the test tube seat 16 and completely breaks away from the tube clamping roller 8, the section of the test tube accommodating groove 16-1 is of a fan-shaped structure, so that the test tube portion can tilt at a certain angle in the direction deviating from the support frame 10 under the gravity action of the test tube portion and the internal blood sample and the guiding action of the test tube accommodating groove 16-1, the tube clamping roller 8 is prevented from shielding the tube opening of the test tube, and the worker can take out the test tube portion to detect the blood sample conveniently.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in this embodiment, two sets of mounting side plates 12 respectively disposed at two sides of the supporting base 13 are fixedly connected to the bottom plate 15, and the supporting base 13 is fixedly connected to the mounting side plates 12 through connecting rods fixedly connected to the supporting base 13, so as to connect the supporting base 13 to the bottom plate 15.

Because the vacuum blood collection tube can generate aerosol in the opening process, and the blood samples of some patients contain pathogenic microorganisms, a large amount of aerosol can pollute the air of a laboratory when being generated and diffused into the air; the aerosol particles containing pathogenic microorganisms may be inhaled by an operator, or adhered to naked skin clothes, articles such as mobile phones placed randomly, or flying into water cups, etc., which may cause airborne iatrogenic infections.

In order to avoid the aerosol generated in the cap opening process from diffusing into the air in the laboratory, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in the present embodiment, an adsorption component 7 is connected to one end of the cap clamping slide 4, further referring to fig. 3, the adsorption component 7 includes an adsorption cotton bracket 7-1 connected to an end portion of the cap clamping slide 4 far away from the inclined plate portion 4-4, an adsorption cotton slot 7-2 extending longitudinally is formed in the adsorption cotton bracket 7-1, and an adsorption cotton 7-3 is inserted into the adsorption cotton slot 7-2. In the implementation, the adsorption component 7 further comprises an optical coupler frame 7-5 connected to the clamp cap slide 4, the optical coupler frame 7-5 is connected to a first optical coupler 7-4, and the existence of the adsorption cotton 7-3 can be detected in the actual working process by arranging the first optical coupler 7-4.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a fan frame 5 is fixedly connected to a position on a support frame 10 far away from a pipe cap falling barrel 1, a fan 6 with an air inlet facing an adsorption component 7 is connected to the fan frame 5, and an air inlet of the fan 6 faces an area between an upper-layer pulling structure and a cap clamping slideway 4. In the actual working process, the fan 6 can make the air near the test tube opening of the blood collection tube 11 flow towards the adsorption component 7, so as to drive the aerosol generated in the cap opening process to flow towards the adsorption component 7 along with the airflow, the adsorption cotton 7-3 in the adsorption component 7 can adsorb aerosol particles in the aerosol, and the aerosol particles are prevented from being diffused into a laboratory to cause air pollution and airborne iatrogenic infection. The first optocoupler 7-4 can detect the absorbent cotton 7-3, if the absorbent cotton 7-3 is not inserted into the absorbent cotton slot 7-2, the cap opener cannot perform cap opening operation, the cap opener can be ensured to perform safe operation through the arrangement, and air pollution caused by misoperation when the absorbent cotton 7-3 is forgotten to be inserted is avoided.

With further reference to fig. 1, 2 and 5, an upper sensor assembly 3 for detecting whether a blood collection tube 11 exists is disposed in an area between the cap clamping slide 4 and the pulling structure located at the upper layer, the upper sensor assembly 3 includes an upper launching sleeve 3-1 fixedly connected to the support frame 10, and a through hole corresponding to the upper launching sleeve 3-1 is disposed on the roller frame 9; the upper sensor component 3 also comprises an upper receiving sleeve 3-2 fixedly connected to the side wall of the clamping cap slideway 4 departing from the support frame 10; the blood collecting tube comprises a blood collecting tube 11 and is characterized by further comprising a photoelectric sensor for detecting whether the blood collecting tube 11 exists, wherein two components of the photoelectric sensor are respectively connected to an upper transmitting sleeve 3-1 and an upper receiving sleeve 3-2. Through setting up sensor assembly 3 detectable card cap slide 4 on insert and be equipped with heparin tube 11 to control fan 6 and open cap drive assembly 2 and whether start.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a lower sensor assembly 14 is provided on the mounting side plate 12; the lower sensor assembly 14 includes a lower transmitting sleeve 14-1 and a lower receiving sleeve 14-2 respectively connected to the two sets of mounting side plates 12, and a through hole penetrating through the outer peripheral wall of the test tube holder 16 is formed therein. The through hole is provided corresponding to the lower transmitting sleeve 14-1 and the lower receiving sleeve 14-2. Still including being used for detecting whether insert the photoelectric sensor who is equipped with heparin tube 11 in the test tube storage tank 16-1 of test tube seat 16, two components and parts of this photoelectric sensor are connected respectively on launching sleeve 14-1 and lower receiving sleeve 14-2 down, through setting up whether insert the heparin tube 11 on the sensor package 14 detectable test tube seat 16 down, thereby control is opened cap drive assembly 2 and is started, insert the heparin tube 11 when detecting on the test tube seat 16, when also inserting the heparin tube 11 on calorie cap slide 4 simultaneously, it can not start to open cap drive assembly 2, thereby avoid two sets of heparin tube 11 to take place the rigid collision, destroy test tube and sample.

The embodiment further comprises a protective cover (not shown) which is connected with the bottom plate 15 and covers the cap opener body, and a discharge hole of the pipe cap falling barrel 1 extends out of the protective cover. The protective cover comprises an upper part and a lower part which are in a separated state, wherein the upper part of the protective cover is provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet which can be penetrated by the blood collection tube 11 and an air outlet corresponding to the fan 6, and the lower part of the protective cover is provided with a notch which can be penetrated by the test tube seat 16. Can play the guard action to opening the cap machine through setting up the protection casing, also avoid opening the aerosol that the cap in-process produced simultaneously and spread to the laboratory.

The working principle of the first embodiment is as follows:

an operator vertically inserts a blood sampling tube 11 to be uncapped into a tube cap clamping hole 4-3 formed in a card cap slide 4, at the moment, an upper sensor assembly 3 detects the existence of the blood sampling tube 11 on the upper portion, meanwhile, if a lower sensor assembly 14 detects that the blood sampling tube 11 is not inserted into a test tube seat 16, a first optical coupler 7-4 detects that an adsorption cotton slot 7-2 is inserted with adsorption cotton 7-3, the sensor assembly controls a fan 6 and an uncapping driving assembly 2 to be started, so that the uncapping operation of the blood sampling tube 11 is started, and aerosol generated in the uncapping process is adsorbed by the fan 6 and the adsorption assembly 7. The clamping roller 8 and the cap opening driving assembly 2 act together to open the cap of the blood collection tube 11, the test tube part of the blood collection tube 11 after the cap opening is completed is inserted into the test tube accommodating groove 16-1, the test tube part can be toppled under the guiding action of gravity and the test tube accommodating groove 16-1 after being separated from the clamping roller 8, the toppling direction is the direction departing from the support frame 10, the toppling angle is the direction until the clamping roller 8 can not shield the tube opening of the test tube part, and at the moment, a worker can manually take out the test tube to perform sample injection test; after the cap opening operation is completed, the cap of the blood collection tube 11 rolls down into the cap falling barrel 1 along the inclined plate part 4-4 of the cap clamping slide 4 under the action of gravity, and then drops into the collection box outside the cap opening machine under the guiding action of the cap falling barrel 1.

Example two

The second embodiment is an improvement of the first embodiment, and most of the parts are the same, as shown in fig. 7 to 10, and further referring to fig. 9, in the second embodiment, the test tube accommodating groove 16-1 is a straight cylinder. Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the test tube supporting structure further includes two sets of rotating shafts arranged coaxially and fixedly connected to the lower portion of the side wall of the supporting base 13, and the two sets of rotating shafts are rotatably connected to the mounting side plate 12 respectively. A tilting drive assembly 20 for driving the bearing holder 13 to tilt a certain angle around the axis of the rotating shaft is connected to the rotating shaft. The mounting side plate 12 is provided with a sliding groove 12-1, the sliding groove 12-1 is of an arc-shaped structure, and the arc-shaped structure takes the axis of the rotating shaft as the center of a circle. A sliding rod 20-1 fixedly connected with the bearing seat 13 is connected in the sliding groove 12-1 in a sliding way. The stability of the overturning process of the bearing seat 13 is improved by arranging the sliding rod 20-1.

With further reference to fig. 8, the flipping driving assembly 20 includes a flipping gear 20-2 connected to the rotating shaft, the flipping gear 20-2 being in a sector structure; a torsion spring 20-3 is sleeved on the rotating shaft, one end of the torsion spring 20-3 is tightly propped against the bottom plate 15, and the other end of the torsion spring 20-3 is tightly propped against the overturning gear 20-2; the mounting side plate 12 is connected with a damping gear 20-4 matched with the overturning gear 20-2. Through setting up pivot and torsional spring 20-3 can drive bearing seat 13 and overturn around the axis of pivot to drive blood sampling tube 11 and incline towards the direction that deviates from support frame 10. The turnover angle of the bearing seat 13 can be limited by the matching use of the turnover gear 20-2 and the damping gear 20-4, the turnover can be stopped when the tube orifice of the blood collection tube 11 is not shielded by the tube clamping roller 8, the turnover angle speed of the bearing seat 13 can be limited at the same time, and the splashing of a blood sample caused by the too fast turnover can be avoided.

After waiting that heparin tube 11 emptys certain angle, operating personnel can take out heparin tube 11 and carry out the sample test, need operating personnel manual promotion bearing seat 13 to make it reset after taking out the test tube. Meanwhile, the present embodiment further includes a locking assembly for locking and releasing the holder 13 in the reset position. As shown in fig. 7, the locking assembly includes a horizontal rod, a limiting ball 18 is connected to the inner end of the rod, a wedge block 17 matching with the limiting ball 18 is fixed on the supporting seat 13, and a relay 19 for driving the rod to move horizontally is also included. Referring to fig. 10, in this embodiment, a second optical coupler 21 is connected to a lower portion of the supporting frame 10, and an in-place plate member matched with the second optical coupler 21 is connected to the supporting base 13.

When the bearing seat 13 is at the initial position in the vertical state, the limiting ball 18 is in abutting contact with the outer end face of the wedge-shaped block 17, so that the bearing seat 13 is limited, and at the moment, the torsion spring 20-3 has certain elastic deformation. When the sensor assembly 14 detects that the blood collection tube 11 is inserted into the test tube seat 16 in the reset state, the sensor assembly 14 controls the relay 19 to work, so that the rod retracts, the limiting ball 18 is separated from the wedge block 17, and the bearing seat 13 can be overturned under the action of the torsion spring 20-3, the overturning gear 20-2 and the damping gear 20-4. After sampling is finished, the bearing seat 13 is manually pushed to rotate around the axis of the rotating shaft, at the moment, the wedge block 17 pushes the limiting ball 18 and the rod piece to retract until the bearing seat 13 resets, at the moment, the rod piece stretches out again, and the limiting ball 18 is in abutting contact with the outer end face of the wedge block 17. After waiting that bearing seat 13 resets, the plate that targets in place triggers second opto-coupler 21, and then detects bearing seat 13 and resets. When the second optical coupler 21 detects that the bearing seat 13 is reset, the lower sensor assembly 14 detects that the test tube seat 16 is not inserted with the blood collection tube 11, and the first optical coupler 7-4 detects that the absorption cotton slot 7-2 is inserted with the absorption cotton 7-3, if the upper sensor assembly 3 detects that the blood collection tube 11 is inserted in the cap clamping slide 4, the fan 6 and the cap opening driving assembly 2 are controlled to be started, and then cap opening and air absorption filtering operations are performed.

Working principle of the second embodiment:

an operator vertically inserts a card cap into a card cap clamping hole 4-3 formed in a card cap slide 4 of a blood collection tube 11 to be uncapped, at the moment, an upper sensor assembly 3 detects the existence of the blood collection tube 11 on the upper part, meanwhile, if a second optical coupler 21 detects that a bearing seat 13 resets, a lower sensor assembly 14 detects that the blood collection tube 11 is not inserted in a test tube seat 16, and a first optical coupler 7-4 detects that an absorbent cotton 7-3 is inserted in an absorbent cotton slot 7-2, the sensor assembly controls a fan 6 and an uncapping driving assembly 2 to start, so that the uncapping operation of the blood collection tube 11 is started, and aerosol generated in the uncapping process is adsorbed and filtered by the fan 6 and the absorbent assembly 7. The clamping roller 8 and the cap opening driving assembly 2 act together to open the cap of the blood sampling tube 11, the test tube part of the blood sampling tube 11 with the cap opened is inserted into the test tube accommodating groove 16-1, after the cap opening operation is completed, the tube cap of the blood sampling tube 11 rolls along the inclined plate part 4-4 of the cap clamping slide 4 to the tube cap falling barrel 1 under the action of gravity, and then drops to the collecting box outside the cap opening machine under the guiding action of the tube cap falling barrel 1.

When the bottom of the test tube section comes into contact with the bottom of the test tube accommodating groove 16-1 of the test tube holder 16, the test tube section of the blood collection tube 11 has come out of contact with the two sets of tube clamping rollers 8 in the pulling structure located at the lowermost layer. After the blood sampling tube 11 is separated from the tube clamping roller 8, the lower sensor assembly 14 detects that the blood sampling tube 11 is inserted into the test tube seat 16, the lower sensor assembly 14 controls the relay 19 to work, so that the rod is retracted, the limiting ball 18 is separated from the wedge-shaped block 17, the supporting seat 13 can be overturned under the action of the torsion spring 20-3, the overturning gear 20-2 and the damping gear 20-4, and a worker can take out the test tube conveniently to perform sample detection. After the test tube sampling is completed, the bearing seat 13 is manually pushed to rotate and reset, and the next cap opening operation is waited.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an automatic cap machine of opening of medical heparin tube which characterized by: the blood sampling tube comprises a bottom plate (15), a support frame (10) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (15), a clamping cap slide way (4) for inserting a blood sampling tube (11) is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the support frame (10), a tube cap clamping hole (4-3) is formed in the clamping cap slide way (4), and the aperture of the tube cap clamping hole (4-3) is smaller than the outer diameter of a tube cap of the blood sampling tube (11) and larger than the outer diameter of a test tube of the blood sampling tube (11); a pulling structure for clamping a test tube part of the blood collection tube (11) and driving the test tube part to move downwards is connected to the support frame (10); the bottom plate (15) is connected with a bearing seat (13), and the bearing seat (13) is connected with a test tube bearing structure which is used for bearing the test tube part of the blood sampling tube (11) and can drive the test tube part of the blood sampling tube (11) to tilt at a certain angle; one end of the clamping cap slideway (4) is connected with an adsorption component (7), and a fan (6) which is opposite to the adsorption component (7) is fixedly connected to the support frame (10);

the test tube bearing structure comprises a test tube seat (16) detachably connected with the bearing seat (13), and a test tube accommodating groove (16-1) used for accommodating a blood collection tube (11) is formed in the test tube seat (16).

2. The automatic cap opener of medical blood collection tubes of claim 1, wherein: the adsorption component (7) comprises an adsorption cotton bracket (7-1) which is connected with the end part of the clamping cap slide way (4) far away from the discharge end, an adsorption cotton slot (7-2) which extends longitudinally is formed in the adsorption cotton bracket (7-1), adsorption cotton (7-3) is inserted into the adsorption cotton slot (7-2), and the adsorption cotton detection device further comprises a first optical coupler (7-4) which is used for detecting the adsorption cotton (7-3).

3. The automatic cap opener of medical blood collection tubes of claim 1, wherein: the clamping cap slideway (4) comprises a platform part (4-2) which is transversely arranged, a downward inclined plate part (4-4) is integrally formed at one end of the platform part (4-2), and a pipe cap falling barrel (1) is detachably connected to the lower end of the inclined plate part (4-4); the pipe cap clamping hole (4-3) is formed at the joint of the platform part (4-2) and the inclined plate part (4-4).

4. The automatic cap opener of medical blood collection tubes of claim 1, wherein: the pulling structures are provided with two groups, and the two groups of pulling structures are longitudinally arranged below the clamping cap slide way (4) in parallel; draw structure and include two sets of pipe clamping roller (8) that are used for the test tube portion of centre gripping heparin tube (11) of rotating the connection on support frame (10), still including being used for driving two sets of pipe clamping roller (8) synchronous rotatory cap drive assembly (2) of opening in opposite directions.

5. The automatic cap opener of medical blood collection tubes of claim 4, wherein: the cap opening driving assembly (2) comprises driven gears (2-2) which are in key connection with a mandrel of the pipe clamping roller (8), and the two groups of driven gears (2-2) are meshed; the device also comprises a driving gear (2-3) which is rotatably connected with the support frame (10), wherein the driving gear (2-3) is meshed with a group of driven gears (2-2); the device also comprises a driving motor (2-1) for driving the driving gear (2-3) to rotate.

6. The automatic cap opener of medical blood collection tubes of claim 1, wherein: the test tube seat (16) is made of soft material.

7. The automatic cap opener of medical blood collection tubes of claim 6, wherein: the section of the test tube accommodating groove (16-1) is of a fan-shaped structure, and the central angle of the fan-shaped structure is an acute angle.

8. The automatic cap opener of medical blood collection tubes of claim 6, wherein: the test tube accommodating groove (16-1) is in a straight cylinder shape; the test tube bearing structure further comprises rotating shafts arranged on two groups of coaxial lines fixedly connected to the lower portion of the side wall of the bearing seat (13), the two groups of rotating shafts are transversely arranged and rotatably connected with the bottom plate (15), and the rotating shafts are connected with overturning driving components (20) used for driving the bearing seat (13) to overturn by a certain angle around the axis of the rotating shaft, and the test tube bearing structure further comprises locking components used for locking and releasing the position of the bearing seat (13).

9. The automatic cap opener of medical blood collection tubes of claim 8, wherein: the overturning driving component (20) comprises an overturning gear (20-2) connected on the rotating shaft, and the overturning gear (20-2) is of a sector structure; a torsion spring (20-3) is sleeved on the rotating shaft, one end of the torsion spring (20-3) is tightly propped against the bottom plate (15), and the other end of the torsion spring (20-3) is tightly propped against the overturning gear (20-2); the mounting side plate (12) is connected with a damping gear (20-4) matched with the turnover gear (20-2).

10. The automatic cap opener of medical blood collection tubes of claim 7, wherein: the locking assembly comprises a rod piece which is transversely arranged, the inner end part of the rod piece is connected with a limiting ball (18), and a wedge-shaped block (17) matched with the limiting ball (18) is fixedly connected to the bearing seat (13); and a relay (19) for driving the rod member to move transversely.

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