CN212289088U - Aerogel-based composite thermal fabric - Google Patents
Aerogel-based composite thermal fabric Download PDFInfo
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- CN212289088U CN212289088U CN202020188098.9U CN202020188098U CN212289088U CN 212289088 U CN212289088 U CN 212289088U CN 202020188098 U CN202020188098 U CN 202020188098U CN 212289088 U CN212289088 U CN 212289088U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a compound surface fabric that keeps warm based on aerogel, the surface fabric is including generating heat thermoregulation layer (1), insulating layer (2) and inoxidizing coating (3) from inside to outside. The utility model discloses remedied the splendid aerogel material of warmth retention and applied to the easy defect that falls to whitewashed and moisture permeability is poor in the clothing field, through ingenious structural design, the functional surface fabric that compound is passed through with the soft moisture permeability, independently generate heat, the intelligence adjusts the temperature, satisfying under the basic cold-proof function prerequisite of keeping warm of winter clothing, still possesses frivolous type, the characteristics that adjust the temperature of generating heat automatically, has richened the article class of winter clothing, accords with the demand of market pluralism, has wide development prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a cold-proof surface fabric field especially relates to a compound cold-proof surface fabric based on aerogel.
Background
The cold-resisting and warm-keeping is one of the important indexes for measuring the heat-humidity comfort of winter clothes, and the warm-keeping purpose can be achieved by filling the clothes with cotton wool, down feather, various chemical fiber flocculus and the like. However, the clothes made of the materials have the defects of being bulky, limited in applicable environment (such as reduced heat preservation effect under wet condition, and the like), inconvenient to move, difficult to wash and store, and the like. With the improvement of the requirements of modern people on the comfort, functionality and aesthetic property of the clothes, the down filled clothes cannot meet the increasing fashionable and convenient wearing requirements of consumers.
The aerogel is a novel light nano porous material, and has higher porosity (up to 90-99.8%) and larger specific surface area (up to 800-2G), smaller structural size (typical pore diameter less than 50nm, framework particle 1-20nm) and the lowest known thermal conductivity, and has no defects in high-temperature heat insulation applicationThe superiority of the method to the ethical method. But the unique characteristics of network structure and high porosity also cause the defects of low strength, poor toughness, easy damage of a nano-pore structure under the action of external force and the like of the material, thereby greatly limiting the application of the material in the field of clothing. Based on this, the application of aerogel materials in the field of clothing mainly takes two forms: fiber reinforced aerogel blankets and aerogel foams. The application form of the fiber-reinforced aerogel blanket effectively improves the mechanical properties of the aerogel and is therefore widely used, but the disadvantages of this application form are not small enough and mainly manifest as: firstly, a packaging form is adopted for avoiding powder falling, so that the moisture permeability of the material is seriously influenced; secondly, a small amount of nano aerogel powder escapes in the processes of making, cutting, wearing, rubbing and washing of the clothes, so that the heat retention of the material is lost and the health of a human body is threatened. Aerogel foaming material utilizes the foaming process tightly to lock the aerogel granule, has effectively solved the problem of falling powder, and patent CN 209320415U and patent CN 109927386A have all proposed and have added aerogel and have solved the method that falls the problem of powder in the foaming material, but does not mention the moisture permeability problem and the solution that exist to the material. Aerogel foams are closed cell structures and have limited moisture permeability. Human thermal and humid comfort depends on the balance of energy exchange between self-generated moisture and ambient moisture. Sweat (obvious sweat and latent sweat) continuously generated by a human body is dissipated through the garment, and the garment plays a regulating role in energy exchange and is realized through a heat and moisture transfer process. Therefore, the heat and moisture balance and comfort of the human body are necessarily affected by the moisture permeability of the garment fabric. The problem of moisture permeability becomes one of the key problems which need to be solved urgently when the aerogel material is applied to the field of clothing.
The warm-keeping mode of the clothes can be divided into passive type heat insulation and active type heating and warm keeping. The garment microclimate theory considers that in a complex system of environment, garment and human body, the garment needs to correspondingly adjust the heat and moisture exchange quantity according to the difference of external environment and human body activity state, so that the microclimate is kept in the range that the human body feels comfortable. The temperature difference between the indoor and the outdoor is large in winter, and in the process of severe change of the environmental temperature, the fluctuation capacity of the skin surface temperature is limited by a simple passive heat insulation mode, a relatively stable microclimate environment cannot be constructed efficiently in time, and the human body is easy to generate cold feeling or thermal feeling to influence the comfort.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that the traditional clothes are overstaffed in winter, the applicable environment is limited, the movement is inconvenient, the washing and the storage are difficult, the aerogel clothes are easy to fall off powder, the moisture permeability is poor, the existing clothes are single in warm-keeping form, the temperature regulation capability is poor under the complex environmental condition, and the applicable scene is limited.
The utility model provides a composite thermal fabric based on aerogel, which comprises a heating and temperature-adjusting layer, a thermal insulation layer and a protective layer from inside to outside; the skin-close surface of the heating and temperature-regulating layer is provided with a raising layer, and the other surface (non-skin-close surface) is provided with a discontinuous phase change coating; the heat insulation layer is a modified aerogel foaming layer, and quilting lines are arranged on the surface of the heat insulation layer; the inner side of the protective layer is attached with a waterproof moisture permeable film.
The heating and temperature-regulating layer is woven by yarns with moisture absorption and heating functions and yarns with skin-friendly, soft, moisture absorption and sweat releasing functions.
The yarn with the moisture absorption and heat generation functions is formed by interweaving EKS/cuprammonium fiber blended yarns and Coolmax filaments, and the backing yarn easy to rise is formed.
The EKS fiber is a fiber capable of self-heating, can adjust the temperature and humidity between a human body and clothes, and has multiple functions of pH value control, flame retardance, pilling resistance, static electricity prevention and the like. The cuprammonium rayon fabric is soft in hand feeling, soft in luster, good in moisture absorption, breathability, antistatic property and drapability, and endows the fabric with excellent wearability. The Coolmax fiber has a unique four-groove section structure, can effectively increase the surface area of the fiber or fabric, endows the fiber with a good moisture control function, and can discharge moisture on the surface of the skin out of the body and quickly evaporate the moisture at any time, so that the skin can be kept in fresh, dry and comfortable contact with clothes at any time.
The yarn with skin-friendly, soft, moisture-absorbing and sweat-releasing functions is cotton/blue refined modal fiber blended yarn. The cotton/blue purified modal fiber blended yarn and the spandex silk are interwoven to form a ground structure, and the spandex silk participates in the weaving of all the loops.
The heating temperature-regulating layer is a single-side weft-knitted two-line liner tissue so as to realize fabric lightness and thinness.
The napping layer absorbs moisture and releases sweat, is skin-friendly and soft, absorbs moisture and generates heat, and body moisture is easy to diffuse to the outer layer of the fabric through the napping layer. The raising method is brushing, and light raising is formed, so that damage to yarns is reduced.
The discontinuous phase change coating is positioned on the non-napped side of the functional fabric, so that the main purposes of intelligent temperature sensing and automatic adjustment of the garment are achieved. The phase change material can absorb, store, redistribute and release heat, and automatically adjust when sensing large changes of the temperature inside the garment so that the human body is in a comfortable state all the time. The discontinuous phase change coating adopts a rotary screen or silk screen printing process to maintain the soft hand feeling style of the fabric, the coating is uniformly distributed, and the coating area is 65.09-93.59%.
The gram weight of the heating temperature-regulating layer is 150-220g/m2。
The aerogel in the modified aerogel foaming layer is one of inorganic aerogel, organic aerogel and carbon aerogel, and the foaming base material is one of foaming materials such as polyurethane, polyimide and rubber.
The modification is a moisture permeability modification. The method is that the whole material is quilted after the outer side of the aerogel foam material is finished by the hydrophilic coating. The one-way moisture-conducting mechanism is applied to realize the difference between the hydrophilicity and the hydrophobicity of the inner layer and the outer layer of the material, and the purposes that sweat is spontaneously and irreversibly transmitted from the inner side to the outer side of the material and is rapidly evaporated are achieved. The quilting process patterns can be in a shape of a square, a rhombus or other shapes, the quilting lines are EKS/Coolmax heating and moisture conducting fiber blended yarns, the Coolmax fibers have excellent moisture absorption and sweat releasing effects and provide convenient channels for moisture to be led out, the excellent moisture absorption and heat emitting functions of the EKS fibers reduce the damage to the heat insulation of the material, and the quilting depth is controlled to be approximate to the thickness of the material so that the material is not compressed under the quilting pressure effect and the heat insulation of the material is influenced.
The thickness of the heat insulation layer is 0.5-3mm, and the gram weight is 30-180g/m2The thermal conductivity can be selected according to specific environment, and is less than 0.026W/(m.k).
Of said protective layerThe base material fabric can be selected from chinlon, terylene, wool and blended fabrics thereof according to the requirements, and the fabric is subjected to water repellent finishing, and the water repellent grade is up to 5. The inner side of the fabric is attached with a waterproof moisture-permeable membrane, the waterproof moisture-permeable membrane can be one of TPU or ePTFE, the thickness is 10-200um, and the hydrostatic pressure is more than 10000mmH2O, moisture permeability of more than 10000 g/(m)2·24h)。
The heating temperature-regulating layer, the heat insulation layer and the protective layer are bonded through PUR hot melting. The hot melt adhesive can be selected from one of PA, PES, TPU and PUR.
Advantageous effects
(1) The utility model adds the aerogel with excellent heat insulation and warm keeping effects into the foaming material and improves the moisture permeability of the material, thereby not only solving the problem that the aerogel material is easy to fall off powder in the using process, preparing the light and thin warm aerogel foaming material, but also improving the moisture permeability of the material so as to improve the wearability;
(2) the utility model discloses a winter clothing of the compound surface fabric preparation that active heating thermoregulation and passive form thermal-insulated cold-proof mode combined together can carry out automatic reversible two-way temperature regulation according to the inside temperature variation of clothing that senses, forms the microclimate environment of invariable basically around garment materials, makes the human body be in comfortable state constantly.
(3) The utility model discloses garment materials's application has been widened in the use of inoxidizing coating, not only satisfies the indoor outer demand of taking of conventional, does and is applicable to harsh outdoor environment.
(4) The utility model relates to a surface fabric is through ingenious structural design, satisfying under the cold-proof function prerequisite of keeping warm basically of winter clothing, turns a great deal of into simple, and only three layer construction is compound gives the more frivolous appearance style of surface fabric, and succinct structure also more is favorable to putting in market, realizes the volume production, effectively serves the consumer.
(5) Use the utility model discloses winter's clothing of compound surface fabric preparation, satisfying the cold-proof function of keeping out, frivolous have type, the automatic temperature regulation that generates heat belongs to intelligent clothing category. Enriches the types of winter clothes, meets the diversified market demands, and has wide development prospect.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a non-continuous phase change coating screen printing process of the present invention;
fig. 3 is the quilting schematic diagram of the aerogel foam material of the insulating layer of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teachings of the present invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention relates to an aerogel-based composite thermal fabric, which includes, from inside to outside, a heating and temperature-adjusting layer 1, a thermal insulation layer 2, and a protective layer 3; the skin-close surface of the heating and temperature-regulating layer 1 is provided with a raising layer 4, and the other surface is provided with a discontinuous phase-change coating 5; the heat insulation layer 2 is a modified aerogel foaming layer, and quilting lines 6 are arranged on the surface of the heat insulation layer; the inner side of the protective layer 3 is attached with a waterproof moisture permeable film 7.
The heating and temperature-regulating layer 1 adopts a single-side weft-knitted two-line liner tissue. The inner layer of the composite fabric mainly plays roles in absorbing moisture, generating heat, storing heat, adjusting temperature, and releasing sweat and moisture. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
the blended yarn of the cotton/blue refined modal fiber (50/50) of 30S and the spandex yarn of 30D are adopted to interweave to form a ground structure, the spandex yarn participates in the weaving of all loops, and the cotton/blue refined modal blended yarn adopts a siro spinning method to reduce the fluffing and pilling phenomena of the fabric. The cotton/blue refined modal fiber blended yarn has good hygroscopicity and good hand feeling, the fabric is endowed with excellent wearing comfort, and the elasticity of the fabric can be effectively increased by weaving spandex yarns.
In order to improve the warmth retention property of the fabric and improve the hand feeling style of the skin surface, EKS/cuprammonium fiber (60/40) blended yarn of the napping layers 4 and 40S and Coolmax filament yarn of 75D/100F are interwoven to form the lining yarn easy to nappe. The backing yarn crosses three needles to form a small looped pile structure, and then is lightly napped through a napping process to relieve the damage to the yarn.
The discontinuous phase change coating 5 is positioned on the non-raising side of the heating temperature adjusting layer 1, the discontinuous phase change coating is carried out by adopting a rotary screen printing process to maintain the soft touch of the fabric, the mesh number of the screen printing plate is selected to be 125 meshes, the coating area is 87.43%, and fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the screen printing plate used for the rotary screen printing.
The obtained heating and temperature-regulating layer 1 is soft and skin-friendly, and has the functions of moisture absorption, sweat releasing, intelligent heating and temperature regulation. The gram weight of the fabric is 180g/m2。
The heat insulation layer 2 is a modified aerogel foaming layer, is positioned between the heating temperature-regulating layer 1 and the protective layer 3, and mainly plays a role in moisture permeation and heat insulation, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
among inorganic aerogels, silica aerogels, such as silica aerogels, are used in high-volume production due to their superior thermal insulation properties and wide source of low-cost raw materials. Silica aerogel has limited its application in the field of clothing due to its fragile mechanical properties. In this embodiment, the aerogel particles are locked by adding silica aerogel powder to the foaming system, so as to solve the problem of powder falling. The foaming base material is selected from polyimide foaming materials. The polyimide foam material is a soft and hard porous material which takes polyimide resin as a main component and contains an open pore structure, a closed pore structure or an open pore/closed pore combined structure with different scales of micro/meso or macro and the like in the interior. Has the advantages of low density, radiation resistance, flame retardancy, low smoke generation, no harmful gas release and the like.
The polyimide aerogel foam material has excellent heat-insulating property, is light, thin and soft, has controllable thickness, can be cut randomly and is not easy to fall off, and meets the performance requirements of light, thin and heat insulation, but the microcosmic closed cell structure of the material causes poor moisture permeability, and human body 'moisture' can not be discharged in time to influence the wearing comfort. The pricking treatment aiming at the material is the main method for improving the moisture permeability, the larger exposed holes can improve the moisture permeability of the material and simultaneously easily reduce the heat preservation performance, and the small size blocks the pore channels due to the mutual extrusion among the elastic materials, so the moisture permeability improvement effect is not obvious.
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present embodiment proposes a method for improving moisture permeability of a material by using a one-way moisture-conducting mechanism. The differential capillary effect caused by the difference of hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity of the inner layer and the outer layer of the fabric is the main reason for generating the one-way moisture conduction, namely the outer layer of the fabric is hydrophilic, most of the inner layer is hydrophobic, and sweat is transmitted to the hydrophilic outer layer of the fabric from a small part of hydrophilic parts of the inner layer and is rapidly evaporated on the outer layer. Based on the method, hydrophilic coating finishing is carried out on the outer side of the polyimide aerogel material to form a hydrophilic outer layer, meanwhile, 20S EKS/Coolmax (60/40) blended yarn is selected to carry out quilting on the material to form a heating and moisture-conducting channel, the quilting pattern is selected to be in a shape of Chinese character 'hui', the quilting depth is controlled to be approximate to the thickness, so that compression is not generated under the action of quilting pressure, and the heat retention property of the material is influenced.
The heat insulation layer 2 prepared by the process is light, thin and warm, has the thickness of 2mm and the gram weight of 120g/m2The thermal conductivity was 0.025W/(m.k) (measured according to GB/T11048-2018).
The protective layer 3 is a functional composite fabric with the inner side attached with a waterproof moisture-permeable film 7, is positioned on the outermost layer of the composite fabric, is waterproof, moisture-permeable, heat-insulating and warm-keeping, can effectively resist the invasion of wind and rain, can easily deal with various severe outdoor environments, widens the application field of the clothing, and is prepared by the following steps:
the components of the composite fabric are 95% of chinlon and 5% of spandex, so that the fabric is endowed with excellent wear resistance and elasticity, the comfort of the fabric is improved, and the service life is prolonged. The fabric is subjected to water repellent finishing, the water repellent grade is up to 5 (measured according to AATCC 22-2017 standard), the inner side of the fabric is attached with a waterproof moisture-permeable membrane, the waterproof moisture-permeable membrane is an ePTFE waterproof moisture-permeable membrane with the thickness of 20um, and the hydrostatic pressure resistance is 20000mmH2O (measured according to AATCC 127-224h) (measured according to GB/T12704-.
The protective layer 3 prepared by the process has excellent waterproof, moisture-permeable and windproof functions.
The heating temperature-regulating layer 1, the heat-insulating layer 2 and the protective layer 3 are finally subjected to moisture curing reaction type hot melt adhesive PUR hot melt adhesion to form the aerogel-based composite fabric. The PUR is a moisture curing reaction type polyurethane hot melt adhesive, is a pure solid substance, does not need to add a solvent in the using process, is environment-friendly and healthy, does not have a drying process, can be rapidly cooled and solidified at room temperature, has 40-60% higher bonding strength than other adhesives under the same condition, and cannot generate creep deformation and brittleness due to environmental change because of the irreversible characteristic after bridging.
Claims (6)
1. The composite thermal fabric based on aerogel is characterized by comprising a heating and temperature-regulating layer (1), a thermal insulation layer (2) and a protective layer (3) from inside to outside; the skin-close surface of the heating and temperature-regulating layer (1) is provided with a raising layer (4), and the other surface is provided with a discontinuous phase-change coating (5); the heat insulation layer (2) is a modified aerogel foaming layer, and quilting lines (6) are arranged on the surface of the heat insulation layer; and a waterproof moisture permeable film (7) is attached to the inner side of the protective layer (3).
2. The composite thermal fabric according to claim 1, wherein the heating and temperature-regulating layer (1) is woven by yarns with moisture absorption and heating functions and yarns with skin-friendly, soft, moisture absorption and sweat releasing functions.
3. The composite thermal fabric according to claim 1, wherein the heating and temperature-regulating layer (1) is a single-sided weft-knitted two-line liner weave.
4. The composite thermal fabric according to claim 1, wherein the thermal insulation layer (2) is an aerogel foam layer which is finished with a hydrophilic coating on the outer side and is quilted.
5. The composite thermal fabric according to claim 1, wherein the protective layer (3) is made of nylon, polyester or wool with a waterproof moisture-permeable film attached to the inner side.
6. The composite thermal fabric according to claim 1, wherein the heat-generating and temperature-regulating layer (1), the heat-insulating layer (2) and the protective layer (3) are bonded by PUR hot melt.
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| CN202020188098.9U CN212289088U (en) | 2020-02-20 | 2020-02-20 | Aerogel-based composite thermal fabric |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114103365A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-01 | 厦门安踏体育用品有限公司 | Lightweight warming functional flocculus and preparation method thereof |
| CN114654827A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-06-24 | 王洋 | Moisture absorption is from dry type shirt surface fabric |
| CN115477784A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-12-16 | 江苏大学 | Wearable aerogel composite membrane and preparation method thereof |
| CN116423938A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-07-14 | 武汉纺织大学 | Heat protection fabric with multi-dimensional composite structure and preparation method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-02-20 CN CN202020188098.9U patent/CN212289088U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114103365A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-03-01 | 厦门安踏体育用品有限公司 | Lightweight warming functional flocculus and preparation method thereof |
| CN114654827A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-06-24 | 王洋 | Moisture absorption is from dry type shirt surface fabric |
| CN115477784A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-12-16 | 江苏大学 | Wearable aerogel composite membrane and preparation method thereof |
| CN115477784B (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2023-11-10 | 江苏大学 | Wearable aerogel composite film and preparation method thereof |
| CN116423938A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-07-14 | 武汉纺织大学 | Heat protection fabric with multi-dimensional composite structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN116423938B (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2024-05-17 | 武汉纺织大学 | Heat protection fabric with multi-dimensional composite structure and preparation method thereof |
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