CN212257698U - X-frequency-band broadband high-gain dual-linearly polarized microstrip antenna array - Google Patents
X-frequency-band broadband high-gain dual-linearly polarized microstrip antenna array Download PDFInfo
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- CN212257698U CN212257698U CN202021101047.4U CN202021101047U CN212257698U CN 212257698 U CN212257698 U CN 212257698U CN 202021101047 U CN202021101047 U CN 202021101047U CN 212257698 U CN212257698 U CN 212257698U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a two line polarization microstrip antenna arrays of X frequency channel broadband high gain belongs to antenna technical field. The antenna comprises a parasitic patch array, a radiation patch array, a coupling slot layer, a horizontal polarization feed network, an upper metal floor, a vertical polarization feed network and a bottom metal floor from top to bottom in sequence. The coupling gap layer is provided with an H-shaped coupling gap, the radiation patch array is subjected to coupling feed through the gap by a horizontal polarization feed network, and the radiation patch array is directly fed through the probe by a vertical polarization feed network. The utility model discloses a reasonable overall arrangement has designed two sets of 1 minute 16 feed networks in finite space to guaranteed that every set of feed network is whole to be branched constant amplitude cophase, realized the double-line polarization characteristic of array.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an antenna technology field, in particular to X frequency channel broadband high-gain double-linear polarization microstrip antenna array.
Background
With the development of satellite mobile communication, the dual-wire polarization antenna system is receiving more and more attention. Meanwhile, the requirements of the receiving terminal on the low profile and high gain of the antenna are higher and higher, and the traditional reflector antenna and the waveguide array antenna are difficult to meet the requirements.
The microstrip antenna has thin section, small volume, light weight and low cost, can be simply and conveniently placed on an instrument panel, can be conformal with the surfaces of carriers such as missiles, satellites and the like, and particularly can be conveniently integrated with a feed network and active devices in a block mode. Microstrip antennas have gained more and more widespread use in the last two years with unique advantages over a wide frequency range of about 100MHz to 100GHz, such as satellite communications, radar, missile telemetry, weapon fuze, environmental monitoring, remote sensing technology, biomedicine, and many portable radio devices. The microstrip antenna array has the technical characteristics of low section, easy integration, light weight and easy conformation, but the traditional microstrip antenna has the defects of narrow bandwidth, low efficiency and low gain, and simultaneously, the dual-linear polarization microstrip antenna array is difficult to realize due to the complexity of a feed network.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of this, the utility model provides a high-gain dual-linear polarization microstrip antenna array of X frequency channel broadband. The broadband dual-linear polarization array realizes the characteristic of high-gain dual-linear polarization of the whole array broadband by reasonably arranging and combining different feed forms and low-loss materials in a limited space, and has the characteristics of compact structure, good stability and high integration.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme:
an X-frequency-band broadband high-gain dual-linear polarization microstrip antenna array comprises a parasitic patch layer, an antenna layer, a feed layer and an SMA joint; the parasitic patch layer, the antenna layer and the feed layer are arranged in sequence from top to bottom;
the parasitic patch layer comprises a first medium substrate serving as a main body of the parasitic patch layer, and a parasitic patch array formed by uniformly distributing 4 multiplied by 4 parasitic patches is arranged on the lower surface of the first medium substrate;
the antenna layer comprises a second dielectric substrate as a main body of the antenna layer, and a radiation patch array formed by uniformly arranging 4 x 4 radiation patches is arranged on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate; the radiating patches correspond to the parasitic patches one by one, and each radiating patch is positioned right below the corresponding parasitic patch; an air layer is arranged between the radiation patch and the parasitic patch;
the feed layer sequentially comprises a horizontal polarization feed network layer and a vertical polarization feed network layer from top to bottom; the horizontal polarization feed network layer comprises a third dielectric substrate and a fourth dielectric substrate which are used as main bodies of the horizontal polarization feed network layer and are arranged up and down, wherein a metal plate is arranged on the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate, coupling gaps are arranged on the metal plate, the coupling gaps are in one-to-one correspondence with the radiation patches, and each coupling gap is positioned right below the corresponding radiation patch; a horizontal polarization feed network is arranged between the third dielectric substrate and the fourth dielectric substrate, and an upper metal floor is attached below the fourth dielectric substrate; the vertical polarization feed network layer comprises a fifth dielectric substrate and a sixth dielectric substrate which are used as main bodies of the vertical polarization feed network layer and are arranged up and down, and a vertical polarization feed network is arranged between the fifth dielectric substrate and the sixth dielectric substrate; a bottom layer metal floor is attached below the sixth medium substrate;
the edge position of each radiation patch is connected with a vertical metal probe, and the other end of the metal probe is connected with a vertical polarization feed network;
the shunt end of the horizontal polarization feed network is vertical to the coupling gap; the combining ends of the horizontal polarization feed network and the vertical polarization feed network are respectively connected with the inner conductors of the two SMA joints, and the outer conductors of the two SMA joints are connected with the bottom metal floor.
Furthermore, the coupling slot is in an H-shaped structural form, and the shunt end of the horizontal polarization feed network is perpendicular to the middle position of the H-shaped coupling slot.
Further, the thickness of the air layer is 2mm to 3 mm.
Further, a medium frame is arranged between the parasitic patch layer and the antenna layer, and the air layer is a hollow area of the medium frame.
The utility model adopts the beneficial effect that above-mentioned technical scheme produced lies in:
1. the utility model discloses a parasitic patch array's loading, make the relative bandwidth of microstrip antenna array widen 15% by traditional 8%; by means of the multilayer board technology, the efficiency of the patch antenna is improved to 80% from below 70% of the traditional efficiency by using low-loss dielectric substrate materials, and then gain is improved.
2. The utility model discloses a reasonable overall arrangement has designed two sets of 1 minute 16 feed networks in finite space to guaranteed that every set of feed network is whole to be branched constant amplitude cophase, realized the double-line polarization characteristic of array.
3. The utility model discloses a change antenna array kneck phase place and can also realize the function of two circular polarizations.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is an exploded view of a microstrip antenna array in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the first dielectric substrate and the parasitic patch array in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the dielectric frame of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the radiation patch array and the second dielectric substrate in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the third dielectric substrate and the coupling gap layer in fig. 1.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the fourth dielectric substrate and the horizontally polarized feed network in fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the fifth dielectric substrate and the vertical polarization feed network in fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is a standing wave graph of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the directional diagram of the horizontal polarization azimuth plane and the pitch plane at 7.25GHz according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a directional diagram of the vertical polarization azimuth plane and the pitch plane at 7.25GHz according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is the directional diagram of the horizontal polarization azimuth plane and the pitch plane at 8.4GHz according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a directional diagram of the vertical polarization azimuth plane and the pitch plane at 8.4GHz according to the embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. the antenna comprises a first dielectric substrate, a second dielectric substrate, a parasitic patch array, a third dielectric substrate, a dielectric frame, a fourth dielectric substrate, a radiation patch array, a second dielectric substrate, a metal plate, a third dielectric substrate, a horizontal polarization feed network, a fourth dielectric substrate, a vertical polarization feed network, an upper metal floor, a metal plate, a fifth dielectric substrate, a vertical polarization feed network, a sixth dielectric substrate, a metal plate, a lower metal floor, a metal probe, a first welding hole, a metal probe, a second welding hole, a first welding hole, a second welding hole and a third welding hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, an X-band broadband high-gain dual-linearly polarized microstrip antenna array sequentially comprises, from the topmost layer to the bottom: the antenna comprises a first dielectric substrate, a parasitic patch array, a dielectric frame, a radiation patch array, a second dielectric substrate, a coupling gap layer, a third dielectric substrate, a horizontal polarization feed network, a fourth dielectric substrate, an upper metal floor, a fifth dielectric substrate, a vertical polarization feed network, a sixth dielectric substrate, a bottom metal floor and an SMA connector.
In the parasitic patch array, all the parasitic patches are completely the same, and the parasitic patch array is formed by 16 units of 4 multiplied by 4 and etched by a single panel together with the first medium substrate.
In the radiation patch array, each radiation patch is completely the same, and the radiation patch array is formed by 16 units of 4 multiplied by 4 and etched by a double-panel together with the second medium substrate and the coupling gap layer.
The rest dielectric substrates play a role in supporting and isolating the radiation patch array, the coupling gap layer, the horizontal polarization feed network, the upper metal floor, the vertical polarization feed network and the bottom metal floor.
The radiation patch array, the second dielectric substrate, the coupling gap layer, the third dielectric substrate, the horizontal polarization feed network, the fourth dielectric substrate, the upper metal floor, the fifth dielectric substrate, the vertical polarization feed network, the sixth dielectric substrate and the bottom metal floor are finally integrated into a whole through a multilayer board technology, and the stability and the high integration of the antenna are guaranteed through the structure.
The medium frame plays a role in isolating the parasitic patch array from the radiation patch array. Each radiating patch upper layer in the radiating patch array corresponds to a parasitic patch at a certain distance, and the radiating patch array units correspond to the parasitic patch array units one by one, so that the structure has the function of effectively widening the bandwidth of the microstrip antenna and simultaneously improving the gain of the antenna.
And each radiating patch in the radiating patch array is fed by two feeding modes of slot coupling feeding and direct feeding.
The two sets of feed networks are positioned on different layers, are 1-branch 16-branch networks with equal amplitude and same phase, and have the function of equally distributing energy to each radiation patch unit. The tail end of the branch of the horizontal polarization feed network is in open circuit, the radiation patch is subjected to coupling feed through the coupling slit layer on the upper layer to realize horizontal polarization, and the tail end of the vertical polarization feed network is connected with the radiation patch through the metal probe to realize vertical polarization by directly feeding the radiation patch.
The radio frequency connectors are two in number and are respectively connected with the combining ends of the two sets of feed networks through inner conductors of the connectors, and outer conductors of the connectors are connected with the bottom metal floor.
The structure of the X-band broadband high-gain dual-linear polarization microstrip antenna array is shown in fig. 1, and sequentially comprises from top to bottom: the antenna comprises a first dielectric substrate 1, a parasitic patch array 2, a dielectric frame 3, a radiation patch array 4, a second dielectric substrate 5, a coupling gap layer, a third dielectric substrate 7, a horizontal polarization feed network 8, a fourth dielectric substrate 9, an upper metal floor 10, a fifth dielectric substrate 11, a vertical polarization feed network 12, a sixth dielectric substrate 13 and a lower metal floor 14.
The parasitic patch array is positioned on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate, the first dielectric substrate is made of Arlon CLTE-XT, and the dielectric constant is 2.95. As shown in fig. 2, the first dielectric substrate has a size of 100mm × 100mm, a thickness of 0.508mm, a parasitic patch size of 12.6mm × 10.6mm, and a cell pitch of 25 mm.
The dielectric frame is made of FR4, has a dielectric constant of 4.4, and has a size of 100mm × 100mm and a thickness of 2mm as shown in FIG. 3, and has a structure like a Chinese character "tian".
The radiation patch array, the second dielectric substrate and the coupling gap layer are formed by etching double-sided boards, the second dielectric substrate is made of Arlon CLTE-XT, and the dielectric constant is 2.95. As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the second dielectric substrate has a size of 100mm × 100mm and a thickness of 1.52 mm; the size of the radiation patch array unit is 10mm multiplied by 5.6mm, and the unit interval is 25 mm; the coupling slot is an H-shaped slot. The dielectric substrate is provided with holes, namely a first welding hole 16 and a second welding hole 17, so that the welding of an inner conductor of the radio frequency connector and an in-layer feed network is facilitated, meanwhile, in order to avoid the vertical polarization network from contacting metal of the coupling gap layer when the radiation patch is directly fed through a probe, the coupling gap layer is provided with holes near the probe, and part of the metal is removed to form a metal-free round hole.
The third dielectric substrate and the fourth dielectric substrate are made of Arlon CLTE-XT, the dielectric constant is 2.95, the sizes of the third dielectric substrate and the fourth dielectric substrate are both 100mm multiplied by 100mm, the thicknesses of the third dielectric substrate and the fourth dielectric substrate are both 1mm, the horizontal polarization feed network is designed into a 1-to-16 constant-amplitude in-phase network, the tail end of the horizontal polarization feed network is broken, and energy is coupled to the radiation patch on the second dielectric substrate through the H-shaped gap in the figure 5.
The fifth dielectric substrate and the sixth dielectric substrate are made of Arlon CLTE-XT, the dielectric constant is 2.95, the sizes of the fifth dielectric substrate and the sixth dielectric substrate are both 100mm multiplied by 100mm, the thicknesses of the fifth dielectric substrate and the sixth dielectric substrate are both 1mm, the vertical polarization feed network is designed into a 1-to-16 constant-amplitude in-phase network, and the tail end of the vertical polarization feed network directly feeds the radiation patch through a metal probe.
The entire array is shown in fig. 1, and the parts of fig. 2-7 are integrated by multilayer board technology. As can be seen from FIG. 8, the standing-wave ratio of the antenna is less than 2 in the frequency band of 7.25 GHz-8.4 GHz.
The antenna array fabricated in this example was tested in a microwave dark room, and the test results are shown in fig. 9 to 12. It can be seen that the antenna array directional pattern manufactured by the embodiment has better symmetry, the gain is more than 17.5dBi at the lowest frequency of 7.25GHz, and the efficiency is as high as 80%.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and all modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention should be equally varied and fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. An X-frequency-band broadband high-gain dual-linear polarization microstrip antenna array comprises a parasitic patch layer, an antenna layer, a feed layer and an SMA joint; the antenna is characterized in that the parasitic patch layer, the antenna layer and the feed layer are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;
the parasitic patch layer comprises a first dielectric substrate (1) serving as a main body of the parasitic patch layer, and a parasitic patch array (2) formed by uniformly distributing 4 x 4 parasitic patches is arranged on the lower surface of the first dielectric substrate;
the antenna layer comprises a second dielectric substrate (5) as a main body of the antenna layer, and a radiation patch array (4) formed by uniformly arranging 4 x 4 radiation patches is arranged on the upper surface of the second dielectric substrate; the radiating patches correspond to the parasitic patches one by one, and each radiating patch is positioned right below the corresponding parasitic patch; an air layer is arranged between the radiation patch and the parasitic patch;
the feed layer sequentially comprises a horizontal polarization feed network layer and a vertical polarization feed network layer from top to bottom; the horizontal polarization feed network layer comprises a third dielectric substrate and a fourth dielectric substrate which are used as main bodies of the horizontal polarization feed network layer and are arranged up and down, a metal plate is arranged on the upper surface of the third dielectric substrate, coupling gaps are arranged on the metal plate (6), the coupling gaps correspond to the radiation patches one by one, and each coupling gap is located right below the corresponding radiation patch; a horizontal polarization feed network (8) is arranged between the third dielectric substrate (7) and the fourth dielectric substrate (9), and an upper metal floor (10) is attached below the fourth dielectric substrate; the vertical polarization feed network layer comprises a fifth dielectric substrate (11) and a sixth dielectric substrate (13) which are used as main bodies and are arranged up and down, and a vertical polarization feed network (12) is arranged between the fifth dielectric substrate and the sixth dielectric substrate; a lower metal floor (14) is attached below the sixth dielectric substrate;
the edge position of each radiation patch is connected with a vertical metal probe (15), and the other end of each metal probe is connected with a vertical polarization feed network;
the shunt end of the horizontal polarization feed network is vertical to the coupling gap; the combining ends of the horizontal polarization feed network and the vertical polarization feed network are respectively connected with the inner conductors of the two SMA joints, and the outer conductors of the two SMA joints are connected with the bottom metal floor.
2. The X-band broadband high-gain dual-linearly polarized microstrip antenna array according to claim 1 wherein said coupling slot is in the form of an H-shape, and the branch end of the horizontally polarized feed network is perpendicular to the middle of said H-shape.
3. The X-band broadband high-gain dual-linearly polarized microstrip antenna array according to claim 1 wherein the thickness of said air layer is 2mm to 3 mm.
4. The X-band broadband high-gain dual-linearly polarized microstrip antenna array according to claim 1, wherein a dielectric frame (3) is disposed between the parasitic patch layer and the antenna layer, and the air layer is a hollow area of the dielectric frame.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202021101047.4U CN212257698U (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2020-06-15 | X-frequency-band broadband high-gain dual-linearly polarized microstrip antenna array |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021101047.4U CN212257698U (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2020-06-15 | X-frequency-band broadband high-gain dual-linearly polarized microstrip antenna array |
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| CN212257698U true CN212257698U (en) | 2020-12-29 |
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| CN202021101047.4U Active CN212257698U (en) | 2020-06-15 | 2020-06-15 | X-frequency-band broadband high-gain dual-linearly polarized microstrip antenna array |
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