CN212192244U

CN212192244U - Positioning and clamping device in main shaft

Info

Publication number: CN212192244U
Application number: CN202020770295.1U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李永进; 石鑫; 葛建伟; 张涛
Original assignee: Zhejiang Headman Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Zhejiang Headman Intelligent Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-05-11
Filing date: 2020-05-11
Publication date: 2020-12-22
Anticipated expiration: 2030-05-11

Abstract

The utility model provides a location clamping device in main shaft belongs to lathe work piece centre gripping technical field. The clamp solves the problems of poor stability and low adaptability of the existing clamp when clamping long-axis workpieces. This device is including the chuck that has the centre bore, the chuck right side is equipped with the anchor clamps head that sets up with the centre bore coaxial line, the chuck left side is equipped with the guide sleeve with the centre bore coaxial line, guide sleeve includes the outer tube and is located the inner tube and outer tube and inner tube in the outer tube and all links firmly with the chuck, the hole of inner tube is just right with the centre bore, still be equipped with in the outer tube and be cylindrical kicking block, the kicking block is located and is equipped with the spacing hole just right with the inner tube hole on the left side of inner tube and the kicking block right flank, and be connected with on the kicking. This main shaft internal positioning clamping device has the advantage that clamping stability is higher and can adapt to the work piece of various length.

Description

Positioning and clamping device in main shaft

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of lathe work piece centre gripping, a positioning fixture is related to, especially, relate to a location clamping device in main shaft.

Background

When long-shaft workpieces are machined, the positioning in the main shaft is adopted but is influenced by the rigidity of the workpieces, and the performance and machining quality requirements of the workpieces are difficult to meet by the common positioning. Due to certain conditions or technological requirements, such as the absence of a center frame and a follow rest, the reason why the clamping high claw cannot well clamp the workpiece is as follows: 1. when the workpiece is clamped at one end with longer length, the workpiece clamped by the clamping high claw is easy to deviate due to the action of external force such as a cutter and the like during processing, so that the processing fails; 2. if the clamping stability is ensured by lengthening and increasing the clamping force, the workpiece body is possibly damaged by the clamping force under the action of the clamping high claw, particularly the long-shaft tubular workpiece is easy to be bent due to the excessive clamping force, so that the processing quality of the long-shaft workpiece is poor due to the fact that the workpiece is difficult to be stably clamped by the common inner positioning clamp. In addition, when long-axis workpieces of different batches are processed, the workpieces are different in length, so that the clamp needs to be replaced when workpieces of various sizes are processed. Therefore, how to consider the bidirectional clamping of the rear end and the front end in the main shaft positioning to make up the deficiency of the conventional positioning is a problem that we cannot deal with at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at the above-mentioned problem that prior art exists, a location clamping device in main shaft has been proposed. The fixture solves the technical problems of poor stability and low adaptability of the existing fixture when the existing fixture clamps a long shaft workpiece.

The purpose of the utility model can be realized by the following technical proposal:

the utility model provides a location clamping device in main shaft, is including the chuck that has the centre bore, the chuck right side is equipped with the anchor clamps head that sets up with the centre bore coaxial line, its characterized in that, the chuck left side is equipped with the guide sleeve with the centre bore coaxial line, and guide sleeve includes the outer tube and is located inner tube and outer tube and inner tube of outer tube and all links firmly with the chuck, the hole of inner tube is just right with the centre bore, still is equipped with in the outer tube to be cylindrical kicking block, and the kicking block is located to be equipped with on the left side of inner tube and the kicking block right flank with the just right spacing hole of inner tube hole, and be connected with on.

The right side of the chuck is provided with a clamp head which is coaxial with the central hole, a workpiece passes through the clamp head and passes through the central hole of the chuck, and when the workpiece needs to be clamped, the front end of the workpiece is clamped by the contraction of the clamp head at the front end. The guide sleeve comprises an outer pipe and an inner pipe, wherein a top block is further arranged in the outer pipe, is located on the left side of the inner pipe and is driven through a screw rod. The work piece is through passing the centre bore then stretch into in the inner tube again, and along with the work piece continues to stretch into, has seted up spacing hole on the kicking block, and the work piece stretches into spacing downthehole, and when front end anchor clamps head centre gripping work piece front end, the kicking block of rear end drives the kicking block through the lead screw and moves towards the work piece direction and further carries out the roof pressure to the work piece and make the stability of rear end obtain promoting. The position of kicking block can adjust the work piece that adapts to various length along with the drive of lead screw, and its adaptability is better. The kicking block can be spacing to the end of work piece stretch into spacing hole and kicking block to the roof pressure of work piece left surface through the work piece and realize that fixed work piece end makes it can not rock, increase the stationarity, it is held by the anchor clamps head to set up the work piece front end like this, the rear end is spacing by the kicking block, when processing the work piece, spacing in spacing hole is equivalent to the fulcrum, even the work piece front end exposes the longer condition emergence that can not appear the skew of the effort that receives the cutter outside the machined part, to major axis class work piece its rear end is spacing to make its centre gripping stability obtain the promotion by spacing. The inner tube has the advantages that the inner diameter of the inner tube is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the workpiece, a guiding effect is achieved, if the inner tube does not exist, only the ejector block is arranged in the outer tube, a worker can hardly penetrate through the clamp head, the center hole and the inner hole of the outer tube to stretch the workpiece into the ejector block in the actual production process, and therefore convenience is brought to production due to the arrangement of the inner tube, and production efficiency is improved. And when the work piece was processed, because both ends were fixed by the centre gripping when the cutter was to the work piece front end application of force, probably can be because work piece length overlength span is great makes the work piece middle section crooked, the inner tube of this device can support the whole section of rear end work piece that stretches into in a circumferential direction, and the work piece takes place slight bending and supports with inner tube lateral wall to lean on formation support and prevent its further deformation when appearing, sets up the stability that makes the centre gripping like this and is higher.

In the above positioning and clamping device for the main shaft, a guide head for a long shaft workpiece to extend into is further connected to the inner circumferential surface of the central hole, and the left end part of the guide head extends into the outer tube and is fixedly connected with the inner tube.

The inner peripheral surface of the central hole is also connected with a guide head for the long shaft workpiece to extend into, and the left end part of the guide head extends into the outer tube and is connected and fixed with the inner tube. Because the general incision of the terminal surface of work piece is all comparatively level and smooth, and when stretching into jack catch, chuck and inner tube, need pass through tie point or connection position many times, such work piece stretches into easily and takes place to collide with the destruction anchor clamps with connection position edge. Also need pursue efficiency when we usually process, too much connection position can make the workman to aim at the inner tube with the work piece and stretch into anchor clamps, lead to the work piece terminal surface to collide with and lose anchor clamps internal connection position, and the effect of direction head prevents just that this kind of phenomenon from appearing, the medial surface of direction head itself is convenient for the work piece from the area and stretches into and the inclined plane of displacement, the work piece of being convenient for comparatively light rises into, the direction head left end stretches into the outer tube in direct and the inner tube butt joint, make the work piece stretch into in the direction head directly can reach the inner tube through pushing inwards, and the inner tube again with add a part lug connection, so comparatively steady and high-efficient at the in-process of clamping work piece.

In foretell main shaft internal positioning clamping device, the inner tube from left to right includes connector one, body and connector two and three integrated into one piece in proper order, connector one left end portion stretches into in the spacing hole, be equipped with the external screw thread on the connector two, still be equipped with annular bulge on the connector outer peripheral face, connector two threaded connection just lead left end face and the bellied right flank of annular on the inner peripheral surface of head to lean on in the direction of leading.

The left end part of the connecting head stretches into the limiting hole, so that the workpiece can stretch into the limiting hole more stably, and the connection between the top block and the inner pipe is smooth. The second rotary connector is screwed into the guide head, and the left side surface of the guide head is abutted against the annular protrusion, so that the installation is completed, the installation is facilitated, the applicability is wider by adopting threaded connection, and the connection and the matching are facilitated.

In foretell main shaft internal positioning clamping device, the direction head is including all being annular connecting seat and guide block, the connecting seat is worn to establish in the center hole of chuck, and the connecting seat left end is stretched into in the outer tube and is leaned on the protruding right flank of annular with connector threaded connection and connecting seat left end face, the guide block is located the connecting seat and has one in the guide block and be the locating hole that is wide-mouthed form and is used for the work piece to pass through.

The guide block is used for guiding a workpiece extending into the fixture head, and the guide block is positioned in the connecting seat and is internally provided with a positioning hole which is wide-mouthed and used for the workpiece to pass through. The work piece can be more accurate through the direction of locating hole stretch into in the inner tube. The left end of connecting seat still is linked into an organic whole through threaded connection and inner tube, sets up like this as long as the work piece stretch into the locating hole in the propelling movement can directly accomplish after that and enter the inner tube, the benefit of above setting is that use this device clamping work piece becomes high-efficient and convenient, easy operation moreover, stability further improves.

In the above positioning and clamping device in the spindle, an annular protrusion is further arranged on the inner circumferential surface of the connecting seat, the inner diameter of the protrusion is the same as that of the inner tube, the left end face of the guide block abuts against the protrusion, and the right end of the guide block extends out of the right orifice of the central hole and is fixedly connected with the chuck through a bolt.

The bulge has the effect that the workpiece can enter the inner tube more smoothly after being guided by the positioning hole, and the inner diameter of the bulge is the same as the diameter of the inner hole of the inner tube, so that the inner peripheral surface of the bulge is used for secondary guiding and positioning, and the workpiece can enter the inner tube stably. The protruding also one effect is used for installing the guide block, because the guide block also is the loop configuration, so the guide block stretches into in the connecting seat and fixes and need a circumference protruding rather than leaning on the cooperation, this arch just plays such an effect, and bellied right flank can lean on with the left surface of guide block and restrict the guide block and move left.

In the positioning and clamping device in the spindle, the protruding width of the protrusion is gradually reduced from left to right, and a cutting groove matched with the inclined angle of the inner side surface of the protrusion is further formed in the left end surface of the guide block.

The grooving leans on with bellied side, sets up like this and makes the ride comfort of the junction between guide block and the connecting seat obtain promoting, is different from and probably appears the fit error between direct vertically plane and the plane and makes the work piece probably rather than the junction emergence collide with, and the inclined plane is connected between the two and is made the joint strength between guide block and the connecting seat obtain certain enhancement promptly also to make the work piece push remain the cis-position entering throughout and can not take place to collide with, and stability is higher.

In the above-mentioned inner positioning and clamping device for the spindle, the outer tube is screwed to a chuck on the left side of the central hole.

The threaded connection structure is simple, and the inner pipe is convenient to disassemble and replace.

Compared with the prior art, the product has the advantages that:

1. the front end of the workpiece is clamped by the clamp head, the rear end of the workpiece is limited by the limiting hole in the ejector block, when the workpiece is machined, the ejector block can provide axial support and radial support for the workpiece, even if the front end of the workpiece is exposed outside, the machining part is longer under the action of a cutter, and the action force is larger, so that the workpiece cannot deviate, and for long-shaft workpieces, the two ends of the workpiece are clamped, so that the clamping stability of the workpiece is improved.

2. The inner tube of this device can carry out circumference to the whole section of rear end work piece that stretches into and support, takes place slight bending when the work piece and lean on to support with the inner tube lateral wall to form promptly and prevent its further deformation, sets up like this and makes the stability of centre gripping higher.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

In the figure, 1, chuck; 11. a central bore; 2. a clamp head; 3. a guide sleeve; 31. an outer tube; 32. an inner tube; 321. a first connecting head; 322. a body part; 323. a second connector; 324. an annular projection; 4. a top block; 41. a limiting hole; 5. a guide head; 51. a connecting seat; 511. a protrusion; 52. a guide block; 521. positioning holes; 522. grooving; 6. and a screw rod.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are used to further describe the technical solution of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

The positioning and clamping device in the spindle as shown in fig. 1 comprises a chuck 1 with a central hole 11, a clamp head 2 with a high claw arranged coaxially with the central hole 11 is arranged on the right side of the chuck 1, a guide sleeve 3 is detachably connected on the left side of the central hole 11 of the chuck 1, and the guide sleeve 3 is arranged coaxially with the central hole 11 of the chuck 1.

The guide sleeve 3 comprises an outer tube 31 and an inner tube 32 which are both hollow, the outer tube 31 is connected to the chuck 1 on the left side of the center hole 11 through threads, the threaded connection structure is simple, and the inner tube 32 is convenient to disassemble and replace. The inner tube 32 is inserted into the outer tube 31 with a clearance fit therebetween, and the inner tube 32 can be taken out of the outer tube 31 by sliding. The outer pipe 31 is also provided with a top block 4, and the top block 4 is positioned at the left side of the inner pipe 32. The left side of the ejector block 4 is also connected with a screw rod 6, and the screw rod 6 can drive the ejector block 4 to slide relative to the outer pipe 31 under the driving of the motor. The top block 4 is provided with a limiting hole 41 for a workpiece to extend into, when the workpiece extends into the rear front end clamp head 2 to clamp the workpiece, the screw rod 6 at the rear end can drive the top block 4 to abut against the workpiece, and an axial force is applied to improve the stability of the workpiece. The workpiece penetrates through the clamp head 2 and penetrates through the central hole 11 of the chuck 1, when clamping is needed, the front end of the workpiece is clamped by the contraction of the clamp head 2 at the front end, the workpiece penetrates through the central hole 11 and then extends into the inner tube 32, and the workpiece extends into the limiting hole 41 in the top block 4 along with the continuous extension of the workpiece. When a workpiece is machined, the limit of the top block 4 is equivalent to the situation that the fulcrum cannot deviate even if the front end of the workpiece is exposed outside, and the machining part is subjected to larger acting force of a cutter, and for long-shaft workpieces, the front end is limited by the clamping rear end, so that the stability of positioning and clamping is improved. The outer tube 31 of the device plays a role of facilitating the installation of the clamp head 2 and the inner tube 32, and also plays a role of supporting the inner tube 32 and a workpiece which extends into the clamp head 2. Because whole guide sleeve 3 is the detachable connection on chuck 1, when meetting the work piece of length nonconformity, its work piece often is different from rear end kicking block 4's distance when stretching into from anchor clamps head 2, so we can carry out a matching to the processing work piece through changing inner tube 32, make the kicking block 4 of rear end can adapt to the length centre gripping of work piece to the work piece, set up like this and make the suitability of this device obtain promoting, not only confine to one kind or a class of work piece centre gripping, provide convenience for our production and processing. The inner tube 32 has the advantages that the inner diameter of the inner tube 32 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the workpiece, and a guiding function is also realized, if the inner tube 32 is not arranged, the ejector block 4 is only arranged in the outer tube 31, so that a worker can hardly penetrate through the clamp head 2, the central hole 11 and the inner hole of the outer tube 31 to stretch the workpiece into the ejector block 4 in the actual production process, the arrangement of the inner tube 32 is convenient for production, and the production efficiency is improved. And when the work piece was processed, because both ends were fixed by the centre gripping when the cutter was to the work piece front end application of force, probably can be because work piece length overlength span is great makes the work piece middle section crooked, the inner tube 32 of this device can support the whole section of rear end work piece that stretches into in a circumferential direction, and the work piece takes place slight bending to lean on with inner tube 32 lateral wall promptly and supports to form and prevent its further deformation, sets up like this and makes the stability of centre gripping higher.

Still wear to be equipped with in the centre bore 11 and supply the guide head 5 that the major axis work piece stretched into, guide head 5 is including all being annular connecting seat 51 and guide block 52, and connecting seat 51 wears to establish in the centre bore 11 of chuck 1, and connecting seat 51 left end stretches into in the outer tube 31 and connects head threaded connection and connecting seat 51 left end face and supports and lean on annular bulge 324 right flank, and guide block 52 is located connecting seat 51 and has a locating hole 521 that is wide-mouthed and is used for the work piece to pass through in the guide block 52. The guide block 52 is used for guiding the workpiece extending from the fixture head 2, and the guide block 52 is located in the connecting seat 51 and the guide block 52 has a positioning hole 521 in a wide-mouth shape for the workpiece to pass through. The workpiece can be more accurately inserted into the inner tube 32 by being guided by the positioning hole 521. The left end of the connecting seat 51 is connected with the inner pipe 32 into a whole through threads, so that the workpiece can be directly pushed into the inner pipe 32 as long as the workpiece extends into the positioning hole 521, and the clamping device has the advantages that the workpiece is clamped efficiently and conveniently, the operation is simple, and the stability is further improved. The left end part of the guide head 5 extends into the outer tube 31 and is fixedly connected with the inner tube 32. Because the general incision of the terminal surface of work piece is all comparatively level and smooth, and when stretching into jack catch, chuck 1 and inner tube 32 in, need pass through tie point or connection position many times, such work piece stretches into easily and takes place to collide with the destruction anchor clamps with connection position edge. Also need pursue efficiency when we usually process, too much connection position can make the workman aim at the inner tube 32 with the work piece and stretch into anchor clamps, lead to the work piece terminal surface to collide with the interior connection position of loss anchor clamps, and the effect of direction head 5 prevents just that this kind of phenomenon from appearing, the medial surface of direction head 5 itself is convenient for the work piece from the area and stretches into and the inclined plane of displacement, the work piece of being convenient for comparatively light rises into, the 5 left ends of direction head stretch into the outer tube 31 in direct and the butt joint of inner tube 32, make the work piece stretch into in the direction head 5 directly can reach the inner tube 32 through pushing inwards, and the inner tube 32 again with the part lug connection that adds, so comparatively steady and high-efficient at the in-process of clamping work piece.

The inner tube 32 sequentially comprises a first connecting head 321, a body part 322 and a second connecting head 323 from left to right, the first connecting head 321, the body part 322 and the second connecting head 323 are integrally formed, the left end of the first connecting head 321 can extend into the limiting hole 41 along with the displacement part of the top block 4, an annular protrusion 324 is further arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the second connecting head 323, the second connecting head 323 is in threaded connection with the inner peripheral surface of the connecting base 51, and the left end surface of the connecting base 51 abuts against the right side surface of. When the second rotary connector 323 is screwed into the connecting seat 51, the installation is completed when the left side surface of the connecting seat 51 abuts against the annular bulge 324, so that the installation is convenient, and the applicability is wider by adopting threaded connection, and the connection and the matching are convenient. The inner peripheral surface of the connecting seat 51 is also provided with a ring-shaped bulge 511, the inner diameter of the bulge 511 is the same as that of the inner tube 32, the left end surface of the guide block 52 is abutted against the bulge 511, and the right end of the guide block 52 extends out of the right opening of the central hole 11 and is fixedly connected with the chuck 1 through a bolt. The protrusion 511 functions to enable the workpiece to enter the inner tube 32 more smoothly after being guided through the positioning hole 521, and since the inner diameter of the protrusion 511 is the same as the diameter of the inner hole of the inner tube 32, the inner circumferential surface of the protrusion 511 performs secondary guiding and positioning, so that the workpiece can enter the inner tube 32 smoothly. The protrusion 511 also has a function of installing the guide block 52, and since the guide block 52 is also in a ring structure, the guide block 52 needs a circumferential protrusion 511 to be abutted and matched with the connecting seat 51 for fixing, and the protrusion 511 plays a role that the right side surface of the protrusion 511 can be abutted with the left side surface of the guide block 52 to limit the left movement of the guide block 52. The protrusion width of the protrusion 511 is gradually reduced from left to right, and a cutting groove 522 which is inclined at an angle matched with the inner side surface of the protrusion 511 is further formed on the left end surface of the guide block 52. Grooving 522 leans on with protruding 511's side, sets up like this and makes the smoothness of the junction between guide block 52 and connecting seat 51 obtain promoting, and it makes the work piece probably rather than the junction take place to collide with to probably appear the fit error between direct vertically plane and the plane, and the inclined plane is connected between the two and is made the joint strength between guide block 52 and the connecting seat 51 to obtain certain enhancement promptly and also make the work piece push to keep the cis-position to get into all the time and can not take place to collide with, and stability is higher.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications, additions and substitutions for the specific embodiments described herein may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.

Claims

1. A positioning and clamping device in a main shaft comprises a chuck (1) with a central hole (11), a clamp head (2) which is coaxial with the central hole (11) is arranged on the right side of the chuck (1), it is characterized in that a guide sleeve (3) which is coaxial with the central hole (11) is arranged on the left side of the chuck (1), the guide sleeve (3) comprises an outer pipe (31) and an inner pipe (32) which is positioned in the outer pipe (31), the outer pipe (31) and the inner pipe (32) are fixedly connected with the chuck (1), the inner hole of the inner tube (32) is just opposite to the central hole (11), a columnar ejector block (4) is also arranged in the outer tube (31), the ejector block (4) is positioned at the left side of the inner tube (32), a limiting hole (41) which is just opposite to the inner hole of the inner tube (32) is arranged on the right side surface of the ejector block (4), and the ejector block (4) is connected with a screw rod (6) which can drive the ejector block (4) to slide relative to the outer tube (31).

2. The positioning and clamping device in the main shaft is characterized in that a guide head (5) for a long-shaft workpiece to extend into is further arranged in the central hole (11), and the left end part of the guide head (5) extends into the outer tube (31) and is fixedly connected with the inner tube (32).

3. The positioning and clamping device in the main shaft as claimed in claim 2, wherein the inner tube (32) sequentially comprises a first connecting head (321), a body part (322) and a second connecting head (323) from left to right, the first connecting head (321) and the second connecting head (323) are integrally formed, the left end part of the first connecting head (321) extends into the limiting hole (41), the second connecting head (323) is provided with external threads, the outer peripheral surface of the second connecting head (323) is further provided with an annular protrusion (324), the second connecting head (323) is in threaded connection with the inner peripheral surface of the guide head (5), and the left end surface of the guide head (5) abuts against the right side surface of the annular protrusion (324).

4. The positioning and clamping device in the main shaft is characterized in that the guide head (5) comprises a connecting seat (51) and a guide block (52) which are both annular, the connecting seat (51) is arranged in the central hole (11) of the chuck (1) in a penetrating mode, the left end of the connecting seat (51) extends into the outer tube (31) to be in threaded connection with the second connecting head (323), the left end face of the connecting seat (51) abuts against the right side face of the annular protrusion (324), the guide block (52) is located in the connecting seat (51), and a wide-mouth positioning hole (521) for a workpiece to pass through is formed in the guide block (52).

5. The positioning and clamping device in the spindle as claimed in claim 4, wherein the inner circumferential surface of the connecting seat (51) is further provided with a ring-shaped protrusion (511), the inner diameter of the protrusion (511) is the same as the inner diameter of the inner tube (32), the left end surface of the guide block (52) abuts against the protrusion (511), and the right end of the guide block (52) extends out of the right opening of the central hole (11) and is fixedly connected with the chuck (1) through a bolt.

6. The positioning and clamping device in the spindle as claimed in claim 5, wherein the protrusion width of the protrusion (511) is gradually reduced from left to right, and a slot (522) matched with the inner side surface of the protrusion (511) in inclination angle is further formed on the left end surface of the guide block (52).

7. A positioning and clamping device in a spindle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the outer tube (31) is screwed to the chuck (1) on the left side of the central bore (11).