CN212183206U - Brushless DC motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses brushless DC motor, including the rotor subassembly, the rotor subassembly includes rotatable pivot, the rotor magnetic pole of cover locating the pivot periphery and locates the magnetic ring subassembly of pivot tip, magnetic ring subassembly and pivot threaded connection. The brushless direct current motor provided by the application can rotate the magnetic ring assembly through the threaded structure, the radial deflection angle of the magnetic ring assembly and the rotor magnetic pole is adjusted, the reversing deflection angle of Hall potential of the motor relative to back electromotive force of an armature is changed, and the effect of adjustable performance of the motor is achieved.

Description

Brushless DC motor

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to a brushless direct current motor.

Background

At present, a rotor magnetic pole and a hall magnetic ring are arranged on a rotor of a brushless direct current motor, after assembly is finished, the rotor magnetic pole and the hall magnetic ring are kept relatively fixed, and the installation positions of the rotor magnetic pole and the hall magnetic ring cannot be adjusted, so that performance parameters of the motor, such as torque, current and the like, cannot be flexibly adjusted according to user requirements.

Therefore, how to provide a solution to the above technical problem is a problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a brushless dc motor, in which a commutation drift angle of a hall potential of the motor relative to a back electromotive force of an armature can be flexibly adjusted according to a requirement, so as to meet a user's requirements for different performances.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solutions:

the utility model provides a brushless DC motor, includes the rotor subassembly, the rotor subassembly includes rotatable pivot, the cover is located the rotor magnetic pole of pivot periphery and locating the magnetic ring subassembly of pivot tip, the magnetic ring subassembly with pivot threaded connection.

Optionally, the brushless dc motor further includes a stator assembly sleeved on the periphery of the rotor assembly, and the stator assembly includes an insulating sheath, a stator core provided with an auxiliary slot, and a three-phase winding wound on the stator core.

Optionally, the brushless dc motor further includes a front end cover and a rear end cover respectively disposed at the front end and the rear end of the stator assembly, the front end and the rear end of the rotating shaft are respectively pivotally mounted to the front end cover and the rear end cover through a front end bearing and a rear end bearing, and a wave washer abutting against an end face of the front end bearing is disposed in a bearing chamber of the front end cover.

Optionally, the magnetic ring assembly includes a magnetic ring sleeve and a hall magnetic ring, the magnetic ring sleeve is in threaded connection with the rotating shaft, and the hall magnetic ring is sleeved and fixed on the periphery of the magnetic ring sleeve and distributed opposite to the rotor magnetic poles.

Optionally, the annular outer side wall of the magnetic ring sleeve includes an arc-shaped first cylindrical surface and a planar first flat surface, and the annular inner side wall of the hall magnetic ring includes a second cylindrical surface attached to the first cylindrical surface and a second flat surface attached to the first flat surface.

Optionally, the rotor assembly further includes an adjusting shim, the adjusting shim is sleeved on the periphery of the rotating shaft, and the adjusting shim is arranged between the rotor magnetic pole and the magnetic ring assembly.

Optionally, the adjusting shim includes a C-shaped adjusting shim body, and the inner side of the adjusting shim body is provided with a locking arc attached to the outer side wall of the rotating shaft.

Optionally, the number of the locking arcs is at least two, the locking arcs are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the adjusting gasket body, and the centers of all the locking arcs coincide.

Optionally, the adjusting shim body is provided with a disassembly through hole.

Through above-mentioned scheme, the brushless DC motor that this application provided's beneficial effect lies in:

brushless DC motor's rotor subassembly includes pivot, rotor magnetic pole and magnetic ring subassembly in this application, and wherein, the periphery of pivot is located to the rotor magnetic pole cover, and the tip of pivot is located to the magnetic ring subassembly to magnetic ring subassembly and pivot threaded connection. When the motor is used, the magnetic ring assembly can be rotated through the threaded structure, and the radial deflection angle between the magnetic ring assembly and the rotor magnetic pole is adjusted, so that the reversing deflection angle of the Hall potential of the motor relative to the back electromotive force of the armature is changed, and the effect of adjusting the performance of the motor is realized.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a brushless dc motor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the sleeve and the Hall magnet ring in the rotor assembly shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a bushing in the rotor assembly shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a spacer in the rotor assembly shown in FIG. 2;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a stator assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a partial schematic view of a stator core of the stator assembly of FIG. 6;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the brushless dc motor in a post-magnetizing state according to the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state of adjusting a commutation deflection angle after a brushless dc motor is magnetized according to the present application;

fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the commutation drift angle of the motor hall potential versus the armature back emf.

The reference numerals in figures 1 to 10 are:

1-screw, 2-rotor component, 21-rotating shaft, 22-bearing, 23-rotor magnetic pole, 24-sleeve, 25-Hall magnetic ring, 26-magnetic ring sleeve, 261-internal thread, 262-first cylindrical surface, 263-first flat surface, 27-adjusting gasket, 271-assembling end, 272-locking arc and 273-disassembling through hole, 3-wave washer, 4-front end cover, 5-stator component, 51-three-phase line, 52-stator core, 521-auxiliary groove, 53-insulating sheath, 54-three-phase winding, 6-rear end cover, 7-countersunk screw, 8-T-shaped gasket, 9-washer, 10-rear end cover insulating washer, 11-Hall plate and 12-wire protecting sleeve.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Referring to fig. 1, the brushless dc motor provided in the present application may include the following components: a rotor assembly 2, a stator assembly 5 and an end cap assembly.

Referring to fig. 2, the rotor assembly 2 includes a rotating shaft 21, a rotor magnetic pole 23 and a magnetic ring assembly. Wherein, pivot 21 is adorned in the end cover subassembly, and pivot 21 can rotate around self axis. The rotor magnetic pole 23 and the stator module 5 jointly form a motor magnetic circuit, the periphery of the rotating shaft 21 is sleeved with the rotor magnetic pole 23 and can rotate synchronously along with the rotating shaft 21, and when the motor magnetic pole is actually installed, the sleeve 24 can be arranged, the inner side of the sleeve 24 is fixed with the rotating shaft 21, and the outer side of the sleeve 24 is fixed with the rotor magnetic pole 23, so that the rotor magnetic pole 23 is indirectly fixed with the rotating shaft 21. The magnetic ring assembly is arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft 21 and is in threaded connection with the rotating shaft 21, and the magnetic ring assembly is adjusted in the axial position of the rotating shaft 21 and can rotate by being controlled to achieve the purpose of adjusting the angle of the magnetic ring assembly.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the magnetic ring assembly includes a magnetic ring sleeve 26 and a hall magnetic ring 25, and the internal thread 261 of the magnetic ring sleeve 26 is screwed with the corresponding external thread of the rotating shaft 21, and the axial adjustment is realized through a threaded structure. The hall magnetic ring 25 is fixed on the periphery of the magnetic ring sleeve 26 and distributed opposite to the rotor magnetic pole 23, the hall magnetic ring 25 can rotate for a certain angle according to the performance requirement, and a certain reversing deflection angle beta (radial direction) is realized between the hall magnetic ring 25 and the polarity of the rotor magnetic pole 23.

In actual assembly, the magnetic ring sleeve 26 and the hall magnetic ring 25 can be fixed in various ways, for example, in an embodiment, referring to fig. 4, the annular outer side wall of the magnetic ring sleeve 26 includes an arc-shaped first cylindrical surface 262 and a planar first flat surface 263, and correspondingly, the annular inner side wall of the hall magnetic ring 25 includes a second cylindrical surface attached to the first cylindrical surface 262 and a second flat surface attached to the first flat surface 263. The first flat surface 263 of the magnetic ring sleeve 26 effectively prevents the hall magnetic ring 25 from rotating. For another example, in another embodiment, the magnetic ring sleeve 26 and the hall magnetic ring 25 are fixed by interference fit, or by bonding, or by injection molding, or by other methods.

Further, in an embodiment, the rotor assembly 2 further includes an adjusting washer 27, the adjusting washer 27 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the rotating shaft 21, and the adjusting washer 27 is disposed between the rotor magnetic pole 23 and the magnetic ring assembly. Specifically, the adjusting shim 27 can be clamped in the tool withdrawal groove of the rotating shaft 21, the adjusting shim 27 plays a role in axial limiting and fixing, one side of the adjusting shim 27 is attached to the rotor magnetic pole 23 and/or the sleeve 24, the other side of the adjusting shim 27 is attached to the magnetic ring assembly, the adjusting shims 27 with different thicknesses can be adopted according to the performance requirements of the motor, and the radial deflection angle of the hall magnetic ring 25 relative to the rotor magnetic pole 23 is adjusted. In terms of material selection, the adjusting shim 27 needs to have elasticity, to be resilient after being installed, and to have a large deformation amount during assembly, and preferably, it is a shim made of non-metal material and having wear-resistant and temperature-resistant characteristics.

Optionally, in an embodiment, in order to facilitate the user to change the total thickness of the adjusting shim 27, please refer to fig. 5, the adjusting shim 27 includes a C-shaped adjusting shim body, and the inner side of the adjusting shim body is provided with a locking arc 272 attached to the outer side wall of the rotating shaft 21. When the magnetic ring adjusting device is used, the magnetic ring assembly does not need to be disassembled, and the adjusting gasket body is clamped into the tool withdrawal groove from the outer side of the rotating shaft 21 through the opening. After the adjuster washer 27 is fitted into the relief groove, the locking arc 272 locks the rotary shaft 21, preventing the adjuster washer 27 from moving radially.

Optionally, in an embodiment, there are at least two locking arcs 272, and the locking arcs 272 are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the adjusting shim body, and the centers of all the locking arcs 272 coincide. For example, the end of the adjusting shim body near the opening is a fitting end 271, and three concentric locking arcs 272 are arranged on the adjusting shim body at the two fitting ends 271 and the middle position.

Optionally, in one embodiment, the adjuster pad body is provided with a removal through hole 273. Specifically, when the thickness of the assembled adjustment washer 27 is adjusted improperly, the removal through hole 273 is used for removal.

The stator assembly 5 is sleeved on the periphery of the rotor assembly 2 and used for forming an inversion excitation magnetic field. There are various options for the construction of the stator assembly 5, for example, referring to fig. 6, the stator assembly 5 comprises a three-phase winding 54, a three-phase wire 51, a stator core 52 and an insulating sheath 53; wherein, U, V, W three-phase winding 54 is according to the winding coiling of triangle-shaped or star-shaped, and three-phase winding 54 connects U, V, W three-phase line 51, and stator core 52 fixes three-phase winding 54 and forms the motor magnetic circuit, please refer to fig. 7, stator core 52 can set up the auxiliary slot 521 that reduces the motor directional moment and effectively improves the cogging torque. The insulating sheath 53 serves as an armature circuit insulator.

The end cap assembly serves to enclose the rotor assembly 2 within itself. The end cap assembly has various structures, for example, the end cap assembly includes a front end cap 4 and a rear end cap 6, the front end cap 4, a stator assembly 5 and the rear end cap 6 are sequentially distributed along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 21, the rotor assembly 2 is fixed in a bearing chamber of the front end cap 4 and a bearing chamber of the rear end cap 6 through two bearings 22 (a front end bearing and a rear end bearing), the bearings 22 may specifically adopt ball bearings, and play a role in supporting the rotor assembly 2 to rotate and bear radial and axial loads, and the wave washer 3 is assembled between the front end cap 4 and the end face of the bearing 22 at the front end for adjusting the axial movement of the motor. During actual assembly, the screws 1 can be arranged to sequentially penetrate through the rear end cover 6, the stator assembly 5 and the front end cover 4 to lock and fix the motor.

Optionally, the rear end cover 6 is fixed with a hall plate 11 and a wire sheath 12; the hall plate 11 is used for detecting the polarity and position of the rotor magnetic pole 23, and the wire sheath 12 is embedded in the rear end cover 6 and used for restraining the wire harness of the hall plate 11. During actual assembly, the hall plate 11 may be fixed to the rear end cover 6 by a fastener assembly, and the fastener assembly may include a countersunk screw 7 for fixing the hall plate 11 to the rear end cover 6, a T-shaped gasket 8 for fixing the limiting auxiliary countersunk screw 7, a gasket 9 for insulating and supporting the hall plate 11 and the rear end cover 6, and an electrically insulating rear end cover insulating gasket 10.

Taking the brushless dc motor adopting the above structure as an example, the principle of adjusting the radial deflection angle between the hall magnetic ring 25 and the rotor magnetic pole 23 will be explained:

firstly, before the rotor assembly 2 is not pressed into the two bearings 22, the same magnetizing head is used for radially magnetizing the rotor magnetic pole 23 and the hall magnetic ring 25, and finally, no deviation angle exists between the polarities of the hall magnetic ring 25 and the rotor magnetic pole 23, and at this time, the structure of the rotor assembly 2 and the magnetic ring assembly is as shown in fig. 8.

Then, according to the requirement (advance or lag) of different commutation declination angles β, adjusting shims 27 with different thickness specifications are inserted into the tool withdrawal grooves of the rotating shaft 21, and then the magnet ring assembly can be rotated so that the end surfaces of the magnet ring assembly are attached to the end surfaces of the adjusting shims 27, and at this time, the rotor assembly 2 and the magnet ring assembly are structured as shown in fig. 9. Because the insertion of the adjusting shim 27 causes the rotation of the hall magnetic ring 25, and the thickness of the adjusting shim 27 has a corresponding relationship with the rotation angle of the hall magnetic ring 25, the commutation declination angle beta of the hall electric potential of the motor relative to the counter electromotive force of the armature can be adjusted, and finally the performance of the motor can be adjusted.

As can be seen from the foregoing embodiments, the brushless dc motor provided by the present application has the following beneficial effects:

the brushless direct current motor has the characteristics of low noise and adjustable performance, and the radial deflection angle between the Hall magnetic ring 25 and the rotor magnetic pole 23 can be adjusted by rotating the Hall magnetic ring 25, so that the reversing deflection angle beta of Hall electric potential of the motor relative to counter electromotive force of an armature is changed, and the effect of adjustable performance of the motor is realized. In addition, the stator assembly 5 is axially far away from the Hall sensor through electromagnetic induction of a radial magnetic field of the Hall magnetic ring 25, and the Hall sensor is far away from a traditional temperature rise area and an electromagnetic field concentration area, so that the stability of Hall signals is improved, and the service life of the Hall magnetic ring 25 is prolonged.

The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

The brushless dc motor provided in the present application is described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present application are explained herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core idea of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make several improvements and modifications to the present application without departing from the principle of the present application, and such improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (9)

1. The brushless direct current motor is characterized by comprising a rotor assembly (2), wherein the rotor assembly (2) comprises a rotatable rotating shaft (21), a rotor magnetic pole (23) sleeved on the periphery of the rotating shaft (21) and a magnetic ring assembly arranged at the end part of the rotating shaft (21), and the magnetic ring assembly is in threaded connection with the rotating shaft (21).

2. The brushless direct current motor according to claim 1, further comprising a stator assembly (5) disposed around the rotor assembly (2), wherein the stator assembly (5) comprises an insulating sheath (53), a stator core (52) having an auxiliary slot (521), and a three-phase winding (54) wound around the stator core (52).

3. The brushless direct current motor according to claim 2, further comprising a front end cover (4) and a rear end cover (6) respectively disposed at a front end and a rear end of the stator assembly (5), wherein the front end and the rear end of the rotating shaft (21) are pivotally mounted to the front end cover (4) and the rear end cover (6) through a front end bearing and a rear end bearing respectively, and a wave washer (3) abutting against an end surface of the front end bearing is disposed in a bearing chamber of the front end cover (4).

4. The brushless dc motor according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic ring assembly comprises a magnetic ring sleeve (26) and a hall magnetic ring (25), the magnetic ring sleeve (26) is screwed to the rotating shaft (21), and the hall magnetic ring (25) is fixed to the outer circumference of the magnetic ring sleeve (26) and is distributed opposite to the rotor magnetic poles (23).

5. The brushless direct current motor according to claim 4, wherein the annular outer side wall of the magnet ring sleeve (26) comprises an arc-shaped first cylindrical surface (262) and a planar first flat surface (263), and the annular inner side wall of the hall magnet ring (25) comprises a second cylindrical surface attached to the first cylindrical surface (262) and a second flat surface attached to the first flat surface (263).

6. The brushless DC motor according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the rotor assembly (2) further comprises an adjusting shim (27), the adjusting shim (27) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft (21), and the adjusting shim (27) is disposed between the rotor pole (23) and the magnetic ring assembly.

7. The brushless DC motor according to claim 6, characterized in that the adjusting washer (27) comprises a C-shaped adjusting washer body, the inner side of which is provided with a locking arc (272) that fits against the outer side wall of the rotating shaft (21).

8. The brushless dc motor of claim 7, wherein there are at least two locking arcs (272), the locking arcs (272) are spaced apart along a circumferential direction of the shim body, and centers of all the locking arcs (272) coincide.

9. The brushless dc motor of claim 7, wherein the conditioner gasket body is provided with a disassembly through hole (273).

Images