CN212152186U - Shale dry distillation device - Google Patents
Shale dry distillation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN212152186U CN212152186U CN202020559334.3U CN202020559334U CN212152186U CN 212152186 U CN212152186 U CN 212152186U CN 202020559334 U CN202020559334 U CN 202020559334U CN 212152186 U CN212152186 U CN 212152186U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a shale dry distillation device, dry distillation device includes: the system comprises a gas supply unit, a dry distillation unit and a fractionation unit; the gas supply unit comprises a reheating device, a waste heat recovery device, a gas-solid separator and a dry distillation gas heating device; the waste heat recovery port of the reheating device is connected with the waste heat recovery device; the dry distillation gas heating device is provided with a feed inlet and an air inlet; the discharge hole of the dry distillation gas heating device is connected with the feed hole of the first gas-solid separator; the slag outlet of the first gas-solid separator is connected with the heat medium recovery port; the dry distillation unit comprises a dry distillation part and a cooling part which are connected in sequence; the dry distillation part comprises a drying section, a dry distillation section and a heat recovery section which are connected in sequence; an oil gas outlet at the upper part of the dry distillation section is connected with a feed inlet of the second gas-solid separator; the gas outlet of the second gas-solid separator is connected with the fractionating unit. The heat value of dry distillation gas produced in the dry distillation process is increased, which promotes the whole dry distillation process to have higher efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a shale dry distillation field, concretely relates to shale dry distillation device.
Background
At present, the oil shale reserves in China are quite rich, the national oil shale resource reserves are about 7199 hundred million t, and the resource reserves are reduced into shale oil of about 476 hundred million t, which is second only to the United states, Brazil and Esania and is in the fourth place of the world. China is a country rich in coal, poor in oil and less in gas, how to convert oil shale and coal which are rich in oil into oil and gas is a necessary way for relieving the energy shortage condition, and the country is also a direction for supporting the development in recent years.
Although the application of the massive shale dry distillation technology is wide, the technology is continuously improved and the production efficiency is continuously improved after eighty years of development of the smoothing furnace, so that the massive shale dry distillation technology is a main production process of shale dry distillation in China at present and is also the most representative dry distillation technology of shale dry distillation. Although CN101993703A discloses an oil shale retort and a retort process, which pass through two retort stages and adopt full-cycle retort dry gas for heating, the process has the following disadvantages: firstly, a drying section is not arranged in front of a dry distillation section, moisture carried by the oil shale enters a fractionation system, and the sewage quantity is large; secondly, the gas after the combustion in the generation section is used as a gas heat carrier for dry distillation, so that dry distillation gas is mixed with N carried by air2And CO, CO produced by combustion2And a large amount of water vapor, and the quality difference and the heat value of the dry distillation gas are low. CN101818072A discloses an oil shale dry distillation system, wherein a material distribution system of the oil shale dry distillation system is communicated with a reaction furnace through a related conveying output pipeline, the reaction furnace is communicated with a dry distillation gas circulation system through a control system and a related conveying output pipeline, and the dry distillation gas circulation system is communicated with a cooling system through a related conveying output pipeline; the crushing, screening, furnace charging, heating, collection of shale dry distillation gas, cooling and collection of shale semicoke and the like of the oil shale can be completed; the material distribution system locates the oil shale with large grain size at the lower part of the material bed and the oil shale with small grain sizeThe rock is positioned on the upper part of the material layer, so that the problems that small-particle-size particles are easy to leak from the grate and semicoke particles are easy to block in the gaps of the grate and cannot fall off are solved, the utilization rate of the oil shale is improved, the material layer resistance is reduced, powder in the material layer is prevented from being carried out in a wrapping manner, and the dust content is effectively reduced; the temperature of the semicoke discharged from the furnace is reduced, the heat energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the semicoke is convenient to treat; the utility model relates to a rationally, the overall arrangement is compact, the dependable performance, the low carbon environmental protection, the running cost is low, easily the industrialization draws shale oil. The process also has the following disadvantages: firstly, a drying section is not arranged in front of a dry distillation section, moisture carried by the oil shale enters a fractionation system, and the sewage quantity is large; secondly, the gas after the combustion in the generation section is used as a gas heat carrier for dry distillation, so that dry distillation gas is mixed with N carried by air2And CO, CO produced by combustion2A large amount of water vapor, and the quality difference and the heat value of the dry distillation gas are low; the shale oil yield is low; insufficient carbon utilization, high carbon content of shale ash, low thermal efficiency and the like.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the problem that exists among the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a shale dry distillation device, the dry distillation dry gas calorific value of the device dry distillation process production increases, and the quality promotes greatly, and this will promote whole shale dry distillation process efficiency higher, environmental protection more.
To achieve the purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical proposal:
the utility model provides a shale dry distillation device, dry distillation device includes: the system comprises a gas supply unit, a dry distillation unit and a fractionation unit;
the gas supply unit comprises a reheating device, a waste heat recovery device, a first gas-solid separator and a dry distillation gas heating device;
the reheating device is provided with a fuel inlet, a heat medium recovery port, a heat medium outlet and a waste heat recovery port;
the waste heat recovery port of the reheating device is connected with the waste heat recovery device;
the heat medium outlet is connected with the feed inlet of the dry distillation gas heating device;
the discharge hole of the dry distillation gas heating device is connected with the feed hole of the first gas-solid separator;
the slag outlet of the first gas-solid separator is connected with the heat medium recovery port;
the dry distillation unit comprises a dry distillation part, a cooling part and a second gas-solid separator which are connected in sequence;
the dry distillation part comprises a drying section, a dry distillation section and a heat recovery section which are connected in sequence;
the waste heat recovery device is connected with the drying section of the dry distillation part;
the gas outlet of the first gas-solid separator is connected with the dry distillation section of the dry distillation part;
the cooling part is connected with the conveying device;
an oil gas outlet is formed in the upper part of the dry distillation section;
an oil gas outlet at the upper part of the dry distillation section is connected with a feed inlet of the second gas-solid separator;
and the gas outlet of the second gas-solid separator is connected with the fractionation unit.
As the preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the shale is fed from the drying section;
the drying section is connected with a feeding port of the third gas-solid separator;
the gas outlet of the third gas-solid separator is connected with the feed inlet of the first cooler;
the discharge hole of the first cooler is connected with a first liquid separation tank;
the first liquid separation tank is provided with a smoke outlet and a condensed water outlet.
As the preferable technical proposal of the utility model, the bottom of the reheating device is also connected with an auxiliary combustion furnace.
As the preferable technical proposal of the utility model, the dry distillation gas heating device comprises a mixing heating pipe and/or a fluidized heater;
the cooling section comprises a circulating convection cooler;
the cooling part is provided with a hot gas outlet;
a hot gas inlet at the bottom of the reheating device is connected with a hot gas outlet of the cooling part;
the circulating convection cooler is provided with at least 2.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the fractionating unit includes a fractionating tower;
the lower part of the fractionating tower is connected with the gas outlet of the second gas-solid separator.
As the preferable technical proposal of the utility model, the top of the fractionating tower is connected with the air inlet of the second cooler;
the discharge hole of the second cooler is connected with the feed inlet of the second liquid separation tank;
as the preferred technical scheme of the utility model, the second divides the fluid reservoir to be provided with light oil export, dry distillation dry gas export and sewage outlet.
As the preferable technical proposal of the utility model, the bottom of the fractionating tower is connected with a first liquid pump;
the first liquid pump is provided with a first liquid outlet and a second liquid outlet;
the first liquid outlet is connected with a shale oil inlet at the lower part of the fractionating tower;
and the second liquid outlet is connected with the feed inlet of the centrifugal machine.
As the preferable technical proposal of the utility model, the liquid outlet of the centrifuge is connected with the middle part of the flash tower;
the bottom of the flash tower is connected with a second liquid pump;
the top of the flash tower is connected with the feed inlet of the centrifuge.
As the preferable technical proposal of the utility model, the heat recovery section comprises a steam generator and a dry distillation gas inlet which are arranged outside;
the air inlet of the dry distillation dry gas heating device and the dry distillation dry gas inlet of the heat recovery section are connected with a dry distillation dry gas outlet of the second liquid separation tank connecting fan;
the reheating device is a reheater;
the conveying device is a conveying belt.
In the utility model, the device heats the dry distillation gas of the heat carrier through the solid heat carrier of the coupled circulating fluidization, and the heated dry distillation gas is used as the gas heat carrier to dry distill the shale;
wherein, the dry gas of the heat carrier dry distillation is pressurized before being heated; the heating of the dry distillation gas of the heat carrier by the solid heat carrier is carried out in a mixed heating pipe and/or a fluidized heater; the temperature of the dry distillation gas after heating is 500-550 ℃; after the dry distillation gas is heated, the dry distillation gas is separated from the solid heat carrier through a separator; the separator is a gas-solid separator; reheating the solid heat carrier obtained by separation; the reheating is carried out in a reheating device; the reheating can also be realized by supplementing heavy fuel or heat medium for heat exchange; flue gas is formed in the reheating process; the flue gas is treated by a waste heat recovery system and then is used as a drying gas in drying treatment; the temperature of the flue gas is 500-800 ℃; the particle size of the shale is 3-80 mm; drying the shale before dry distillation; the temperature of the drying gas in the drying treatment is 100-300 ℃; the wet flue gas formed in the drying treatment is subjected to dust removal and condensation to recover condensed water; the temperature of the wet flue gas is 50-150 ℃; the heat source of the drying treatment is the waste heat recovered in the heating of dry distillation gas; the dry distillation is countercurrent dry distillation; performing dry distillation to obtain shale ash and dry distillation oil gas; the temperature of the dry distillation oil gas is 200-350 ℃; the dry distillation is also provided with heat recovery operation; the pressure difference between the pressure of the dry distillation oil gas and the wet flue gas discharged from the drying section is 0.2-10kPa, and the pressure of the wet flue gas is greater than that of the dry distillation oil gas; introducing the dry distillation oil gas into a fractionating tower for washing and heat exchange after dedusting; the dust removal equipment comprises a gas-solid separator; introducing the dry distillation oil gas through the lower part of the fractionating tower; washing and cooling the dry distillation oil gas to 100-120 ℃ through shale oil and performing heat exchange; extracting shale oil for washing from the bottom of a fractionating tower, cooling and dedusting, returning 50-80% of the shale oil to the bottom of the fractionating tower for circular washing, feeding the residual shale oil into a flash tower, mixing and diluting the shale oil at the top of the flash tower with the bottom shale oil before returning to a centrifugal machine, and taking the bottom shale oil of the flash tower as a product; the tower top of the fractionation middle tower separates the cooled dry distillation oil gas; separating the cooled dry distillation oil gas to obtain light oil, water and dry distillation gas; 80-95% of the dry distillation gas is returned as a heat carrier dry distillation gas, and the rest is used as a product; carrying out secondary utilization on the shale ash obtained by the dry distillation after secondary cooling; the secondary cooling comprises cooling of a water wall tube and circulating convection cooling which are sequentially carried out; the pressure of steam in the heat exchange tube after heat exchange in the cooling of the water wall tube is 0.5-1 MPa; the temperature of the shale ash after the water wall pipe is cooled is 400-500 ℃; in the circulating convection cooling, firstly, introducing air to burn off carbon contained in the shale ash, transmitting hot gas generated in the combustion process to a reheating device for heating a solid heat carrier, and then continuously introducing air to cool the shale ash; the circulating convection cooler in the circulating convection cooling operation is at least provided with 2 switching coolers; the temperature of the hot gas is 700-1000 ℃; the temperature of the shale ash after the circulating convection cooling is less than 100 ℃.
The utility model discloses in, the gas-solid separation ware in the dust removal operation can be gas-solid separation facilities such as cyclone, sack cleaner and electricity bag dust remover.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has at least:
the device provided by the utility model, because the dry gas energy of high temperature dry distillation comes from the heat transfer of solid heat carrier among the dry distillation process, the dry gas of dry distillation as carrier gas does not contain because of the combustion-supporting N that produces of air2CO and CO2When the gas is needed, the heat value of the dry distillation gas produced in the dry distillation process is increased, and the quality is greatly improved, namely, the utility model increases the heat value of the dry distillation gas, improves the quality, and sets the drying section to fully utilize the energy, so that the sewage quantity is reduced; the shale ash has low carbon content, and the secondary cooling energy is fully recovered, so that the whole shale dry distillation process is promoted to have higher efficiency and is more environment-friendly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure: 1.1-reheating device, 1.2-waste heat recovery device, 1.3-first gas-solid separator, 1.4-dry distillation dry gas heating device, 1.5-auxiliary combustion furnace, 2-1 drying section, 2.2-dry distillation section, 2.3-heat recovery section, 2.4-third gas-solid separator, 2.5-first cooler, 2.6-first liquid separation tank, 2.7-cooling part, 2.8-conveying device, 2.9-second gas-solid separator, 2.10-steam generator, 3.1-fractionating tower, 3.2-second cooler, 3.3-second liquid separation tank, 3.4-first liquid pump, 3.5-centrifuge, 3.6-flash tower, 3.7-second liquid pump.
The present invention will be described in further detail below. However, the following examples are only simple examples of the present invention, and do not represent or limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
To better illustrate the present invention, facilitating the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, typical but not limiting embodiments of the present invention are as follows:
examples
The present embodiment provides a shale retorting apparatus, as shown in fig. 1, the retorting apparatus includes: the system comprises a gas supply unit, a dry distillation unit and a fractionation unit;
the gas supply unit comprises a reheating device 1.1, a waste heat recovery device 1.2, a first gas-solid separator 1.3 and a dry distillation dry gas heating device 1.4;
the reheating device 1.1 is provided with a fuel inlet, a heat medium recovery port, a heat medium outlet and a waste heat recovery port;
the waste heat recovery port of the reheating device 1.1 is connected with the waste heat recovery device 1.2;
the heat medium outlet is connected with the feed inlet of the dry distillation gas heating device 1.4;
the discharge hole of the dry distillation gas heating device 1.4 is connected with the feed hole of the first gas-solid separator 1.3;
the slag outlet of the first gas-solid separator 1.3 is connected with the hot medium recovery port;
the dry distillation unit comprises a dry distillation part, a cooling part 2.7 and a second gas-solid separator 2.9 which are connected in sequence;
the dry distillation part comprises a drying section 2.1, a dry distillation section 2.2 and a heat recovery section 2.3 which are connected in sequence;
the waste heat recovery device 1.2 is connected with the drying section 2.1 of the dry distillation part;
the gas outlet of the first gas-solid separator 1.3 is connected with the dry distillation section 2.1 of the dry distillation part;
the cooling part 2.7 is connected with a conveying device 2.8;
an oil gas outlet is formed in the upper part of the dry distillation section 2.2;
an oil gas outlet at the upper part of the dry distillation section 2.2 is connected with a feed inlet of a second gas-solid separator 2.9;
the gas outlet of the second gas-solid separator 2.9 is connected with the fractionation unit.
Further, shale is fed from the drying section 2.1; the drying section 2.1 is connected with a feeding port of a third gas-solid separator 2.4; the gas outlet of the third gas-solid separator 2.4 is connected with the feed inlet of the first cooler 2.5; the discharge hole of the first cooler 2.5 is connected with a first liquid separation tank 2.6; the first liquid separation tank 2.6 is provided with a smoke outlet and a condensed water outlet.
Further, an auxiliary burner 1.5 is connected to the bottom 1.1 of the reheating device.
Further, the dry distillation gas heating device 1.4 comprises a mixing heating pipe and/or a fluidizing heater; the cooling section 2.7 comprises a circulating convection cooler; the cooling part 2.7 is provided with a hot gas outlet; a hot gas inlet at the bottom of the reheating device 1.1 is connected with a hot gas outlet of the cooling part 2.7; the circulating convection cooler is provided with at least 2.
Further, the fractionation unit comprises a fractionation column 3.1; the lower part of the fractionating tower 3.1 is connected with the gas outlet of the second gas-solid separator 2.9.
Further, the top of the fractionating tower 3.1 is connected with the gas inlet of the second cooler 3.2; and the discharge hole of the second cooler 3.2 is connected with the feed inlet of the second liquid separation tank 3.3.
Further, the second liquid separation tank 3.3 is provided with a light oil outlet, a dry distillation gas outlet and a sewage outlet.
Further, the bottom of the fractionating tower 3.1 is connected with a first liquid pump 3.4; the first liquid pump 3.4 is provided with a first liquid outlet and a second liquid outlet; the first liquid outlet is connected with a shale oil inlet at the lower part of the fractionating tower 3.1; the second liquid outlet is connected with the feed inlet of the centrifuge 3.5.
Further, a liquid outlet of the centrifuge 3.5 is connected with a middle phase of the flash tower 3.6; the bottom of the flash tower 3.6 is connected with a second liquid pump 3.7; the top of the flash column 3.6 is connected with the feed inlet of the centrifuge 3.5.
Further, the heat recovery section 2.3 comprises an externally arranged steam generator 2.10 and a dry distillation gas inlet; the air inlet of the dry distillation dry gas heating device 1.4 and the dry distillation dry gas inlet of the heat recovery section 2.3 are connected with a dry distillation dry gas outlet of the second liquid separation tank 3.3 connected with a fan; the reheating device 1.1 is a reheater; the conveying device 2.8 is a conveying belt.
The device provided by the utility model, because the dry gas energy of high temperature dry distillation comes from the heat transfer of solid heat carrier, the dry gas of dry distillation as carrier gas does not contain because of the combustion-supporting N that produces of air2CO and CO2And the heat value of dry distillation dry gas produced in the dry distillation process is increased, the quality is greatly improved, and the whole dry distillation process is promoted to be higher in efficiency and more environment-friendly.
The applicant states that the present invention is described by the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed structural features, i.e. the present invention can be implemented only by relying on the above detailed structural features. It should be clear to those skilled in the art that any modifications to the present invention, to the equivalent replacement of selected parts and the addition of auxiliary parts, the selection of specific modes, etc., all fall within the scope of protection and disclosure of the present invention.
The above detailed description describes the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the details of the above embodiments, and the technical idea of the present invention can be within the scope of the present invention, and can be right to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the various technical features described in the above embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention does not need to describe any combination of the features.
In addition, various embodiments of the present invention can be combined arbitrarily, and the disclosed content should be regarded as the present invention as long as it does not violate the idea of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A shale retort, characterized in that the retort comprises: the system comprises a gas supply unit, a dry distillation unit and a fractionation unit;
the gas supply unit comprises a reheating device, a waste heat recovery device, a first gas-solid separator and a dry distillation gas heating device;
the reheating device is provided with a fuel inlet, a heat medium recovery port, a heat medium outlet and a waste heat recovery port;
the waste heat recovery port of the reheating device is connected with the waste heat recovery device;
the heat medium outlet is connected with the feed inlet of the dry distillation gas heating device;
the discharge hole of the dry distillation gas heating device is connected with the feed hole of the first gas-solid separator;
the slag outlet of the first gas-solid separator is connected with the heat medium recovery port;
the dry distillation unit comprises a dry distillation part, a cooling part and a second gas-solid separator which are connected in sequence;
the dry distillation part comprises a drying section, a dry distillation section and a heat recovery section which are connected in sequence;
the waste heat recovery device is connected with the drying section of the dry distillation part;
the gas outlet of the first gas-solid separator is connected with the dry distillation section of the dry distillation part;
the cooling part is connected with the conveying device;
an oil gas outlet is formed in the upper part of the dry distillation section;
an oil gas outlet at the upper part of the dry distillation section is connected with a feed inlet of the second gas-solid separator;
and the gas outlet of the second gas-solid separator is connected with the fractionation unit.
2. Shale retorting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein shale is fed from said drying section;
the drying section is connected with a feeding port of the third gas-solid separator;
the gas outlet of the third gas-solid separator is connected with the feed inlet of the first cooler;
the discharge hole of the first cooler is connected with a first liquid separation tank;
the first liquid separation tank is provided with a smoke outlet and a condensed water outlet.
3. The shale retorting apparatus of claim 1, wherein an auxiliary burner is further connected to a bottom of the reheating apparatus.
4. The shale retorting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the retorting dry gas heating apparatus comprises a hybrid heating pipe and/or a fluidized heater;
the cooling section comprises a circulating convection cooler;
the cooling part is provided with a hot gas outlet;
a hot gas inlet at the bottom of the reheating device is connected with a hot gas outlet of the cooling part;
the circulating convection cooler is provided with at least 2.
5. The shale retorting apparatus of claim 1, wherein the fractionation unit comprises a fractionation tower;
the lower part of the fractionating tower is connected with the gas outlet of the second gas-solid separator.
6. The shale retorting apparatus of claim 5, wherein the overhead of the fractionating tower is connected to the inlet of the secondary cooler;
and the discharge hole of the second cooler is connected with the feed inlet of the second liquid separation tank.
7. The shale retorting apparatus of claim 6, wherein the second partial tank is provided with a light oil outlet, a retorting dry gas outlet and a sewage outlet.
8. The shale retorting apparatus of claim 5, wherein a first liquid pump is connected to a bottom of the fractionating tower;
the first liquid pump is provided with a first liquid outlet and a second liquid outlet;
the first liquid outlet is connected with a shale oil inlet at the lower part of the fractionating tower;
and the second liquid outlet is connected with the feed inlet of the centrifugal machine.
9. The shale retorting apparatus of claim 8, wherein a liquid outlet of the centrifuge is connected with a tower of the flash tower;
the bottom of the flash tower is connected with a second liquid pump;
the top of the flash tower is connected with the feed inlet of the centrifuge.
10. A shale retort according to claim 7, wherein the heat recovery section comprises an externally disposed steam generator and retort dry gas inlet;
the air inlet of the dry distillation dry gas heating device and the dry distillation dry gas inlet of the heat recovery section are connected with a dry distillation dry gas outlet of the second liquid separation tank connecting fan;
the reheating device is a reheater;
the conveying device is a conveying belt.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020559334.3U CN212152186U (en) | 2020-04-15 | 2020-04-15 | Shale dry distillation device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202020559334.3U CN212152186U (en) | 2020-04-15 | 2020-04-15 | Shale dry distillation device |
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| CN212152186U true CN212152186U (en) | 2020-12-15 |
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