CN212138612U - Vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device and ventilation system for plant factory - Google Patents
Vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device and ventilation system for plant factory Download PDFInfo
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- CN212138612U CN212138612U CN202020120452.4U CN202020120452U CN212138612U CN 212138612 U CN212138612 U CN 212138612U CN 202020120452 U CN202020120452 U CN 202020120452U CN 212138612 U CN212138612 U CN 212138612U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to the field of facility cultivation, in particular to a vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device and a ventilation system for a plant factory, wherein the ventilation device comprises a vertical pipe vertical to the ground and a plurality of horizontal pipes horizontally arranged on the vertical pipe to form a ventilation pipe; the vertical pipe is hollow to form a cavity, one end of the cavity is closed, and the other end of the cavity is opened to form an air inlet; each transverse pipe is hollow, and the cavity of each transverse pipe is connected to the cavity of the vertical pipe; a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the transverse pipe at equal intervals and face plant cultivation layers of the cultivation frame; during ventilation, airflow enters the cavity of the transverse pipe from the air inlet through the cavity of the vertical pipe, and is blown into the cultivation frame plant cultivation layers through the air outlet holes in the transverse pipe for ventilation. The utility model discloses still provide corresponding ventilation unit, ventilation unit can adopt system's circulation ventilation mode or self-loopa ventilation mode. The utility model discloses a method and device and simple structure, the cost is low, runs through the violently pipe exhaust vent between the whole cultivation shelf and ensures that the ventilation is even, and the riser diameter is little, and the area that occupies ground is few, is fit for promoting in a large number.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a facility cultivation field, concretely relates to plant factory stands-violently manages ventilation unit and ventilation system.
Background
The environmental temperature, humidity and air flow speed of the plant factory are mainly obtained by a circulating ventilation system of a cooling and heating air conditioner. Due to the fact that the layout of the air inlet and the air outlet of the plant factory is unreasonable, particularly, the number of layers of the cultivation frame is large, the distance between the cultivation layers of the plant is short (about 250mm), ventilation is difficult, and air flow forms streaming around the cultivation frame. In addition, the artificial light source is arranged at the top of the plant cultivation layer, a large amount of heat is generated, and under the condition of poor ventilation, the transpiration and photosynthesis of the plants are influenced and even the burning edge of the plants is caused due to unbalanced microclimate conditions of plant growth between the plant cultivation layers of the cultivation frame, such as the environmental temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide gas concentration and the like.
The ventilation of plant factories, particularly the ventilation between cultivation layers of plants on cultivation shelves, is more and more emphasized by scholars and engineers. The ventilation between the plant cultivation layers of the cultivation frame is improved by changing the structures and the distribution of the air outlet and the air inlet, and the prior art has various ventilation modes such as side wall air outlet side wall air return, side wall air outlet top surface air return, top surface air outlet side wall air return, vertical pipe circumference air outlet top surface air return and the like. These ventilation patterns improve ventilation between the growing layers of the plant in the growing rack to varying degrees, but also have some problems.
Air enters and exits through the ventilation walls in various ventilation modes of the ventilation walls, the ventilation walls are large in area and limited in thickness, the air inlet volume of each air inlet (hole) or the air outlet volume of each air outlet (hole) is difficult to ensure to be consistent, and uneven airflow between cultivation layers of the cultivation shelf plants is caused; the air duct of the ventilation wall needs a certain thickness, and occupies a large area of the ground; the ventilation wall has a complex structure and high manufacturing cost; these disadvantages limit its scope of use and are generally only used in small plant factories.
The vertical pipe ventilation mode adopts a vertical pipe circumference air outlet top surface air return ventilation structure, a plurality of vertical pipes are connected with the air outlet and the plurality of top surface air outlets to form a ventilation loop, the vertical pipes are provided with air outlet holes along the circumference, and the air of the vertical pipes is delivered to the plant cultivation layers through the air outlet holes. Because the distance between the two vertical pipes is longer (1-2 meters), a blind area exists in air flowing between the two vertical pipes, the plant cultivation layers of the cultivation frame are difficult to cover, and the uniformity of air flow of the plant canopy is not mentioned.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In order to solve the defects of the prior ventilation mode, the utility model aims to provide a vertical-horizontal ventilation device for a plant factory.
The vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device of the plant factory comprises a plurality of vertical pipes vertical to the ground and a plurality of horizontal pipes horizontally arranged on the vertical pipes; the vertical pipe is hollow to form a cavity, one end of the cavity is closed, and the other end of the cavity is opened to form an air inlet; each transverse pipe is hollow, and the cavity of each transverse pipe is connected to the cavity of the vertical pipe; a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the two sides of the transverse pipe and face the plant cultivation layers of the cultivation frame.
The vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device of the plant factory can be processed by pvc pipe fittings and can also be processed by other materials such as a flexible air pipe and the like.
Wherein the riser is secured with a riser ferrule. In order to control cost and ventilation uniformly, each vertical pipe is preferably formed by connecting multiple sections in series, more preferably, a diameter-variable mode is adopted, starting from one end of an air inlet, each vertical pipe section is selected to be connected in series with the next vertical pipe section with the same diameter or a smaller diameter according to the air outlet condition of the connected transverse pipe, and the space between air outlet holes on the transverse pipes and the size of the air outlet holes are adjusted in a combined manner, so that the air outlet quantity of the air outlet holes at each position of the vertical-transverse pipe ventilation device of the plant factory is equivalent.
The transverse pipes are arranged between the plant cultivation layers of each layer of cultivation frame and ventilate, the distance between the air outlet holes is preferably 50-100mm, and the diameter of the air outlet holes is preferably 4-8 mm. The air outlet holes are used for ventilating the corresponding plant cultivation layers for 10-40 times per hour according to the cross pipes, and the air supply quantity is calculated by combining the volume of the plant cultivation layers; the distance between the positions of the air outlets and the lower frame of the artificial light source between the corresponding plant cultivation layers is about 20-60 mm.
Wherein the air inlet is preferably connected with an air box or a fan. And the air inlet is preferably provided with an air supply adjusting valve.
In order to save the floor space, the plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device of the utility model is preferably installed in a ventilation wall shape.
The vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device of the plant factory of the utility model is preferably characterized in that a plurality of double-vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units are arranged side by side in a ventilation wall shape and stand between two rows of cultivation racks as an interlayer; each double-vertical-pipe ladder-shaped ventilation unit consists of a left vertical pipe, a right vertical pipe and a plurality of horizontal transverse pipes connected in parallel between the two vertical pipes, wherein two ends of a cavity of each transverse pipe are respectively connected to the cavities of the left vertical pipe and the right vertical pipe; a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the front side and the rear side of the transverse pipe, and the air outlet hole in each side faces the plant cultivation layers of the row of cultivation racks; two adjacent vertical pipes of the adjacent double-vertical-pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units share one air inlet.
The vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device of the plant factory of the utility model is preferably arranged in a ventilation wall shape by a plurality of single vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units side by side and stands between two rows of cultivation racks as an interlayer; each single-vertical-pipe ladder-shaped ventilation unit consists of a vertical pipe and a plurality of transverse pipes symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the vertical pipe, the transverse pipes are not provided with end surface plugs arranged on the vertical pipe, are connected with but not communicated with the end surfaces of the opposite transverse pipes on the adjacent single-vertical-pipe ladder-shaped ventilation unit, and the end surfaces of the transverse pipes on the outermost sides of the two sides of the ventilation wall are plugged; the front side and the rear side of the transverse pipe are provided with a plurality of air outlet holes, and the air outlet hole on each side is directly opposite to the plant cultivation layers of the row of cultivation frames.
The horizontal pipes are not arranged on the end surfaces of the vertical pipes, are connected with the end surfaces of the opposite horizontal pipes on the adjacent single vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units but are not communicated (namely, only positioned and not communicated with each other), and are bonded by hot melt adhesive or connected by heat shrink pipes.
And the plugging is performed by using a pipe cap.
Wherein the double-riser ladder-shaped ventilation unit and the single-riser ladder-shaped ventilation unit have a width related to the cultivation shelf, preferably one to several ladder-shaped ventilation units have a width corresponding to the length of one cultivation shelf, preferably the ladder-shaped ventilation units have a width of 1000mm-20000 mm.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a system circulation ventilation system using the plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device: the plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device is used, an air inlet of the plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device is connected to an air conditioning unit of a plant factory through an air inlet bellows, air channels are arranged on two sides of a cultivation frame, and an air return inlet is arranged at the tail end of each air channel and is connected to the air conditioning unit through an air return bellows; the air current enters the air inlet of the vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device of the plant factory from the air conditioning unit of the plant factory through the air inlet bellows, is blown into the plant cultivation layers of the cultivation frame from the air outlet hole after passing through the vertical pipe and the horizontal pipe, flows into the air channels on both sides of the cultivation frame, and returns to the air conditioning unit from the air return inlet at the tail end of the air channel through the air return bellows.
The air pressure of the return air inlet is smaller than that of the air outlet hole of the transverse pipe, and the return air inlet has an air suction effect. An air duct laminated plate for ventilation is arranged in the middle of the air duct, and preferably, an axial flow fan is additionally arranged on the air duct laminated plate to accelerate the air flow in the air duct to flow to the air return inlet.
The utility model discloses still provide and use plant factory to found-violently manage ventilation unit's self-loopa ventilation system: the method is characterized in that a vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device of a plant factory is used, and a fan is installed at an air inlet of each vertical pipe; the air inlet is pressurized and supplied with air by a fan, the air is blown into the plant cultivation layers of the cultivation frame from the air outlet after passing through the vertical pipe and the transverse pipe, and the air flows to the air channels on the two sides of the cultivation frame and is sucked into the air inlet under the action of the fan, so that the self-circulation ventilation system is formed.
The air pressure of the air inlet is smaller than that of the air outlet hole of the transverse pipe, and the air inlet has an air suction effect. An air duct laminated plate for ventilation is arranged in the middle of the air duct, and preferably, an axial flow fan is additionally arranged on the air duct laminated plate to accelerate the air flow in the air duct to flow to the air inlet.
The utility model discloses still provide the plant factory and found-violently manage ventilation unit and ventilate the application in the plant factory.
The utility model has the advantages as follows:
1. the plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device adopts the air outlet holes of horizontal pipes for air supply, preferably a plurality of ladder-shaped ventilation units (double-vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units or single-vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units) are combined side by side, the horizontal distribution of the horizontal pipes penetrates through the plant cultivation layers of the whole cultivation frame, and the air sent out from the air outlet holes of the horizontal pipes basically covers the plant cultivation layers of the cultivation frame;
2. the plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device adopts a plurality of vertical pipes for air inlet and horizontal pipe for air outlet, the air inlet amount of the vertical pipes is adjustable, the distance between holes is short, and the air flow sent into the plant cultivation layers of the cultivation frame is uniform;
3. the vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device of the plant factory adopts vertical pipes for air intake, the diameter of each vertical pipe is small, and the occupied area of the ground is small;
4. the vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device of the plant factory has simple structure and low manufacturing cost.
5. The system circulating ventilation system applying the vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device of the plant factory enables the ventilation in the whole plant factory to be uniform and efficient.
6. The self-circulation ventilation system of the vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device applied to the plant factory is self-integrated, flexible and convenient, has no special requirements on the original ventilation system of the plant factory, and is convenient to install and apply.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a plant cultivation rack according to embodiment 1 of the present invention, in which a plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device including a plurality of double-riser ladder-shaped ventilation units is installed.
Fig. 2 is a schematic front vertical surface structure of a plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device composed of a plurality of double-riser ladder-shaped ventilation units according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic view of the local enlarged structure of the diameter-variable vertical pipe of the ladder-shaped air pipe ventilating device in plant factory in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of a plant rack equipped with a plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device comprising a plurality of single-vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a single-riser ladder-shaped ventilation unit (with an air inlet on top) according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device (with air inlets on top) formed by a plurality of single-vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a single-riser ladder-shaped ventilation unit (with an air inlet below and a fan) according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device (with an air inlet below and a fan equipped) according to embodiment 2 of the present invention, which is composed of a plurality of single-vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the front vertical ventilation of a plant factory ladder-shaped air duct ventilation apparatus comprising a plurality of double-riser ladder-shaped ventilation units according to embodiment 3 of the present invention, used in combination with an air box.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the front vertical ventilation of a plant factory ladder type air duct ventilation apparatus comprising a plurality of single vertical duct ladder type ventilation units according to embodiment 3 of the present invention in combination with an air box.
Fig. 11 is a side elevation ventilation schematic diagram of a ventilation system of a plant factory ladder type air duct ventilation device formed by a plurality of double-riser ladder type ventilation units according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 12 is a schematic side elevation view of a ventilation system of a ladder type air duct ventilation apparatus for a plant factory according to embodiment 4 of the present invention, which is constructed by using a plurality of single-riser ladder type ventilation units.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the front vertical surface ventilation of the cultivation rack according to embodiment 5 of the present invention, in which a self-circulation ventilation system (double vertical pipes connected to fans respectively) using a ladder-shaped air duct ventilation device for a plant factory, which is constituted by a plurality of double vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units, is installed.
Fig. 14 is a schematic side elevation ventilation diagram of a plant rack of embodiment 5 of the present invention, in which a self-circulation ventilation system using a plant factory ladder-shaped duct ventilation apparatus composed of a plurality of double-riser ladder-shaped ventilation units is installed.
Fig. 15 is a schematic view of the front vertical surface structure of a cultivation shelf in which a self-circulation ventilation system using a plant factory ladder-shaped air duct ventilation device composed of a plurality of single-riser ladder-shaped ventilation units is installed according to embodiment 6 of the present invention.
Fig. 16 is a schematic side elevation ventilation diagram of a plant rack of embodiment 6 of the present invention, in which a self-circulation ventilation system using a plant factory ladder-shaped duct ventilation apparatus composed of a plurality of single-riser ladder-shaped ventilation units is installed.
The cultivation system comprises a cultivation frame 1, a cultivation bed 2, a light source 3, a plant cultivation layer 4, a ladder-shaped ventilation unit 5, a vertical pipe 51, a right vertical pipe 511, a left vertical pipe 512, a transverse pipe 52, an air outlet 521, an air return opening 61, an air inlet 62, an air duct 63, an air duct laminate 64, an air conditioning unit 71, an air supply adjusting valve 72, an air inlet air box 73, an air return air box 74, a fan system 8, a single-pipe variable-diameter connector 811, a double-pipe variable-diameter connector 812, a fan (with low power) 821, a fan (with high power) 822 and a transverse pipe end face connection 9.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
EXAMPLE 1 vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation apparatus for plant factory, comprising a plurality of double-vertical-pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units
The schematic plan view of the ventilation principle of the cultivation rack to which the plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device constituted by a plurality of double-riser ladder-shaped ventilation units is attached of this embodiment is shown in fig. 1, and the schematic front-vertical structure of the plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device constituted by a plurality of double-riser ladder-shaped ventilation units is shown in fig. 2.
The plant factory that this embodiment constitutes with a plurality of two riser ladder shape ventilation units stands-horizontal pipe ventilation unit processes with the pvc pipe fitting, and the appearance is like a plurality of ladders, specifically is: consists of an even number of vertical pipes (a right vertical pipe 511 and a left vertical pipe 512) and a plurality of transverse pipes 52; the even number of vertical pipes are arranged in a row in a way that the gap between the two rows of parallel cultivation frames is vertical to the ground, each vertical pipe is hollow to form a cavity, one end of the cavity is closed, and the other end of the cavity is opened to form an air inlet 62; every two adjacent vertical pipes are divided into a left vertical pipe 512 and a right vertical pipe 511, a plurality of horizontal cross pipes 52 are connected in parallel between the left vertical pipe 512 and the right vertical pipe 511 at equal intervals, each cross pipe 52 is hollow, and two ends of the cavity of each cross pipe 52 are respectively connected to the cavities of the left vertical pipe 512 and the right vertical pipe 511; a plurality of air outlet holes 521 are formed in the two sides of the transverse pipe 52, and the air outlet holes 521 face plant cultivation layers of the cultivation frame; the left vertical pipe 512, the right vertical pipe 511 and the plurality of transverse pipes 52 connected in parallel between the left vertical pipe 512 and the right vertical pipe form a double-vertical-pipe ladder-shaped ventilation unit, air flow enters the cavity of the transverse pipe 52 from the air inlets 62 at one end of the two vertical pipes of each double-vertical-pipe ladder-shaped ventilation unit through the cavity of the vertical pipe, and is blown out from the air outlet holes 521 at the two sides of the transverse pipe 52 to enter the cultivation layers of the plants.
In the dual riser ladder-shaped ventilation unit of this embodiment, two adjacent risers of adjacent dual riser ladder-shaped ventilation units share a single air inlet 62.
A suitable width of the double riser ladder ventilation unit is 1000mm-20000mm, 1420mm in this embodiment.
The number of the transverse pipes 52 of each double-vertical-pipe ladder-shaped ventilation unit is the same as the number of the layers of the cultivation shelf, and the number of the transverse pipes is 21 in the embodiment.
The air outlet 521 is used for ventilating the corresponding plant cultivation layers for 10-40 times per hour according to each transverse pipe, and the air output is calculated by combining the volume of the plant cultivation layers; the proper position of the air outlet is about 20-60mm away from the lower frame of the artificial light source between the opposite plant cultivation layers, and the proper position of the air outlet is about 30mm away from the lower frame of the artificial light source between the opposite plant cultivation layers.
The double-vertical-pipe ladder-shaped ventilation unit is uniform in control cost and ventilation, the vertical pipes are preferably formed by connecting multiple sections in series, the diameter-variable mode is more preferably adopted, the schematic diagram of the diameter-variable local amplification structure of the vertical pipes is shown in figure 3, starting from one end of the air inlet 62, each section of vertical pipe selects to connect the next section of vertical pipe with the same diameter or a small diameter in series according to the air outlet condition of the connected transverse pipe 52, and the air outlet quantity of each air outlet of the ladder-shaped ventilation unit is equivalent by adjusting the distance between the air outlets on each transverse pipe and the size of the air outlet. The distance between the air outlet holes is 50-100mm, such as 100mm, and the diameter of the air outlet holes is 4-8mm, such as 4 mm.
Wherein the riser is secured with a riser ferrule.
The schematic plan view of the ventilation principle of the cultivation rack mounted with the plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device composed of a plurality of single-vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units is shown in fig. 4, the air inlets of the single-vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units can be arranged above or below, wherein the single-vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units with the air inlets on the schematic plan view are shown in fig. 5, the schematic plan view of the plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device (with the air inlets on the top) composed of a plurality of single-vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units is shown in fig. 6, the schematic plan view of the single-vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units (with the air inlets on the bottom and the fan equipped with the air inlets) is shown in fig. 7, and the schematic plan view of the plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device (with the air inlets on the bottom.
The plant factory that this embodiment constitutes with a plurality of single riser ladder shape ventilation units 5 stands-horizontal pipe ventilation unit and processes with the pvc pipe fitting, and the appearance is arranged into the ventilation wall form like a plurality of ladder shoulders side by side, specifically is: the plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device is vertically arranged between the two rows of cultivation racks 1; each single-riser ladder-shaped ventilation unit 5 consists of a riser 51 and a plurality of transverse pipes 52 symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the riser, the end surfaces of the transverse pipes which are not arranged on the risers are connected with the end surfaces of the opposite transverse pipes on the adjacent single-riser ladder-shaped ventilation units to form transverse pipe end surface connecting parts 9 (connected by hot melt adhesive or heat shrink pipes), and the end surfaces of the transverse pipes on the outermost sides of two sides of the ventilation wall are blocked; the front side and the rear side of the transverse pipe are provided with a plurality of air outlet holes, and the air outlet hole on each side is directly opposite to the plant cultivation layers of the row of cultivation frames. The air inlet of the embodiment is provided with a fan system 8, and the fan is preferably an axial flow fan.
The airflow enters the cavity of the cross pipe 52 from the air inlet at one end of the vertical pipe 51 of each single vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation unit 5 through the cavity of the vertical pipe, and is blown out from the air outlet holes 521 at two sides of the cross pipe 52 to enter the plant cultivation layers of the cultivation frame.
A suitable width for a single riser ladder ventilation unit is 1000mm to 2000mm, 1480mm in this embodiment.
The number of cross tubes 52 per single-riser ladder-shaped ventilation unit is double the number of layers of one cultivation shelf, 2 × 6 or 12 in this embodiment.
The air outlet 521 is used for ventilating the corresponding plant cultivation layers for 10-40 times per hour according to each transverse pipe, and the air output is calculated by combining the volume of the plant cultivation layers; the proper position of the air outlet is about 20-60mm away from the lower frame of the artificial light source between the opposite plant cultivation layers, and the proper position of the air outlet is about 30mm away from the lower frame of the artificial light source between the opposite plant cultivation layers.
Preferably, the vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation unit is formed by connecting multiple sections in series, more preferably, a diameter-variable mode (referring to the diameter-variable method in embodiment 1) is adopted, and the air outlet quantity of each air outlet of the ladder-shaped ventilation unit is equal by adjusting the distance between the air outlets on each transverse pipe and the size of the air outlet. Wherein the distance between the proper air outlet holes is 50-100mm, and the diameter of the air outlet holes is 4-8 mm.
Example 3 use of the plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device of the present invention in combination with an air box
The plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device used is described in example 1 as a plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device constituted by a plurality of double-vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units. The embodiment is used in combination with an air box, and the ventilation principle diagram of the air box is shown in fig. 9, wherein 1 is a cultivation frame, 2 is a cultivation bed, 3 is a light source, 4 is a plant cultivation layer, 511 is a right vertical pipe, 512 is a left vertical pipe, 52 is a horizontal pipe, 62 is an air inlet, the air inlet 62 is arranged at the top end of the vertical pipe, the bottom end of the vertical pipe is closed, the air inlet 62 of the ladder-shaped air pipe ventilation device of the plant factory is connected with an air inlet air box 73, and the air inlet.
The air box 73 supplies air to the air inlet 62, and the air supply size is controlled by the air supply adjusting valve 72.
Example 2 a plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation apparatus comprising a plurality of single vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units can also be ventilated by bellows, and the fan system can be replaced by a bellows, and a schematic view of a front vertical ventilation principle when the plant factory ladder-shaped air pipe ventilation apparatus comprising a plurality of single vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units is used in combination with a bellows is specifically shown in fig. 10.
Example 4 Ventilation System Using vertical-horizontal tube Ventilation device for plant factory
A ventilation system using a plant factory ladder type ventilation system, a plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation system constructed using a plurality of double riser ladder type ventilation units of example 1 can be used, and a side elevation ventilation schematic view of the resulting ventilation system using a plant factory ladder type ventilation system constructed using a plurality of double riser ladder type ventilation units is shown in FIG. 11, and a plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation system constructed using a plurality of single riser ladder type ventilation units of example 2 can also be connected to an air conditioning unit in accordance with the above-described connection method, and a side elevation ventilation schematic view is shown in FIG. 12.
The air inlet 62 of the ventilation system of the ladder-shaped air pipe ventilation device of the plant factory is arranged at the top end of the vertical pipe, and the bottom end of the vertical pipe is closed. The air inlet 62 is connected to an air conditioning unit 71 of a plant factory through an air inlet bellows 73, air return channels 63 are arranged on two sides of the cultivation frame, an air return port 61 is arranged at the top end of each air return channel 63, and the air return port 61 is connected to the air conditioning unit 71 through an air return bellows 74; air enters the ladder-shaped ventilation unit 5 from the air conditioning unit 71 of the plant factory to the air inlet 62 of the ladder-shaped air pipe ventilation device of the plant factory through the air inlet bellows 73, is blown into the plant cultivation layers 4 of the cultivation frame from the air outlet 521 after passing through the vertical pipe (the right vertical pipe 511 and the left vertical pipe 512) and the horizontal pipe 52, flows through the cultivation frame and enters the air return channels 63 at two sides of the cultivation frame, and returns to the air conditioning unit 71 from the air return inlet 61 at the tail end of the air return channel 63 through the air return bellows 74, so that the ventilation process is completed. The air pressure of the air return opening 61 is smaller than the air pressure of the air outlet 521 of the transverse pipe 52, and the air return opening 61 has an air suction effect. An air duct laminate 64 is arranged in the middle of the air duct 63, and an axial fan is additionally arranged on the air duct laminate 64 to accelerate the air flow in the air duct to flow to the air return port 61.
Example 5 self-circulating Ventilation System Using plant factory ladder-type air hose Ventilation device consisting of multiple double riser ladder-type Ventilation units
The front elevation structure of the self-circulation ventilation system cultivation shelf equipped with the ladder type air duct ventilation device for plant factory composed of a plurality of double-riser ladder type ventilation units is schematically shown in FIG. 13, and the side elevation ventilation principle is shown in FIG. 14. The double vertical pipes of the plant factory ladder-shaped air pipe ventilation device formed by a plurality of double vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units can be respectively connected with a fan, and the double vertical pipes can share one fan.
In this embodiment, the ladder-shaped ventilation device of plant factory in accordance with embodiment 1, which is composed of a plurality of ladder-shaped ventilation units with two vertical pipes, is used, wherein 1 is a cultivation frame, 2 is a cultivation bed, 3 is a light source, 4 is a plant cultivation layer, 511 is a right vertical pipe, 512 is a left vertical pipe, 52 is a horizontal pipe, and 521 is an air outlet. The air inlet is arranged at the bottom end of the vertical pipe. The vertical pipes positioned on the outermost sides of the two ends of the ladder-shaped air pipe ventilating device of the plant factory are connected with a single pipe reducing interface 811, and then a fan 821 (blowing upwards) is installed; two adjacent vertical pipes (the left vertical pipe 511 and the right vertical pipe 512) of adjacent ladder-shaped ventilation units can be respectively connected with the fan 821 blowing upwards, or can be connected with the double-pipe variable-diameter connector 812 in parallel, share one air inlet and then are provided with the fan 822. The wind power of the fan 822 is twice as large as that of the fan 821. The air inlet is pressurized and supplied with air by the fan 822 and the fan 821, the air is blown into the plant cultivation layer 4 of the cultivation frame from the air outlet 521 after passing through the vertical pipe and the transverse pipe 52, the air flow flows to the two sides of the cultivation frame, and the air is sucked into the air inlet under the action of the fan, so that the self-circulation ventilation system is formed.
The self-circulation ventilation system is generally used for small and medium-sized plant factories, is not limited by a ventilation system of the plant factory, is a self-forming system, is flexible to use, has good ventilation effect of the cultivation frame, and is suitable for plant factories with different structures.
Example 6 self-circulating Ventilation System Using plant factory ladder-type air hose Ventilation device consisting of multiple Single riser ladder-type Ventilation units
The front elevation of the cultivation trellis equipped with the self-circulation ventilation system using the ladder type duct ventilation apparatus for plant factory constructed by a plurality of single-riser ladder type ventilation units is schematically shown in FIG. 15, and the side elevation ventilation schematic diagram thereof is shown in FIG. 16.
In this embodiment, the ladder-shaped air duct ventilating device of plant factory in embodiment 2, which is composed of a plurality of ladder-shaped ventilating units of single vertical duct, is used, wherein 1 is a cultivation frame, 2 is a cultivation bed, 3 is a light source, 4 is a plant cultivation layer, and 5 is a ladder-shaped ventilating unit (single vertical duct), and an air inlet of the ladder-shaped ventilating unit is arranged at the bottom end of the vertical duct, and a fan system 8 is arranged on the ladder-shaped ventilating unit and blows air upwards into the vertical duct. The air inlet is pressurized and supplied with air by a fan, the air is blown into a plant cultivation layer 4 of the cultivation frame from the air outlet after passing through the vertical pipe and the transverse pipe 5, and air flows to two sides of the cultivation frame and is sucked into the air inlet under the action of the fan, so that a self-circulation ventilation system is formed.
The self-circulation ventilation system is generally used for small and medium-sized plant factories, is not limited by a ventilation system of the plant factory, is a self-forming system, is flexible to use, has good ventilation effect of the cultivation frame, and is suitable for plant factories with different structures.
Comparative example
Use the utility model discloses a plant factory ladder shape tuber pipe ventilation unit forms plant factory ladder shape tuber pipe ventilation mode. The mode is that a ladder-shaped air duct wall consisting of a plurality of ladder-shaped ventilation units is arranged in a cultivation frame. Compared with the existing air wall, the ladder-shaped air pipe wall adopts a plurality of vertical pipes for air inlet and a plurality of horizontal pipes for air outlet, so that the air outlet is more uniform; the thickness of the ladder-shaped air duct (wall) is thin, which is not enough to 1/3 of the existing air duct, the occupied ground is small, and the cultivation area of unit land is increased; the ladder-shaped air pipe is processed by adopting a pvc drainage pipe fitting, so that the cost is low, and the popularization is facilitated.
Ladder shape tuber pipe ventilation unit ventilates and has covered basically between the cultivation frame plant cultivation layer, and the air current between the plant cultivation layer is more even moreover, and the air of plant canopy obtains effective even twitching, is favorable to the growth of plant, also has created the condition for plant factory microclimate environment (temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide concentration) carries out accurate regulation and control simultaneously.
The microclimate environment for plant cultivation in plant factory is mainly between cultivation layers of plants in cultivation shelves. The ventilation of the ladder-shaped ventilation mode circulating ventilation system of the plant factory is that the ventilation enters a large circulation through the plant cultivation layers of the cultivation shelves, the volume between the plant cultivation layers of the cultivation shelves is much smaller (less than 1/4) than that of the cultivation rooms, the circulating ventilation of the plant factory is designed according to the volume between the plant cultivation layers of the cultivation shelves, the ventilation volume of the circulating ventilation system is greatly reduced, the circulating ventilation volume is reduced, the reduction of the scale of ventilation facilities is brought, the investment of ventilation equipment is saved, and the energy consumption of ventilation is reduced.
The ladder-shaped air pipe ventilation mode in the plant factory has more obvious use effect in a large plant factory.
To illustrate the above effects, the ladder-shaped air duct ventilation apparatus of the plant factory according to embodiment 4 and the conventional method are adopted to perform computer Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) dedicated software simulation experiments in several ways, namely, side wall air-out top surface air-out return air, side wall air-out ejection return air, and vertical pipe circumference air-out, and the comparison results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of several ventilation patterns of plant factories
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of improvements and decorations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these improvements and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A plant factory sets up-the horizontal pipe ventilation unit, wherein it is to form the ventilation pipe with the riser vertical to ground and polyrhizal horizontal pipes installed on riser horizontally; the vertical pipe is hollow to form a cavity, one end of the cavity is closed, and the other end of the cavity is opened to form an air inlet; each transverse pipe is hollow, and the cavity of each transverse pipe is connected to the cavity of the vertical pipe; a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the transverse pipe at equal intervals and face plant cultivation layers of the cultivation frame; during ventilation, airflow enters the cavity of the transverse pipe from the air inlet through the cavity of the vertical pipe, and is blown into the cultivation frame plant cultivation layers through the air outlet holes in the transverse pipe for ventilation.
2. A plant factory sets up-the horizontal pipe ventilation unit, wherein it is made up of several vertical pipes and multiple horizontal pipes installed horizontally on vertical pipe of vertical ground; the vertical pipe is hollow to form a cavity, one end of the cavity is closed, and the other end of the cavity is opened to form an air inlet; each transverse pipe is hollow, and the cavity of each transverse pipe is connected to the cavity of the vertical pipe; a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the two sides of the transverse pipe and face the plant cultivation layers of the cultivation frame.
3. The plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the vertical pipe is formed by connecting multiple sections in series, the diameter of each vertical pipe is changed from one end of the air inlet, the next vertical pipe with the same diameter or a smaller diameter is selected to be connected in series according to the air outlet condition of the connected horizontal pipe, and the air outlet distance and the size of the air outlet on each horizontal pipe are adjusted in combination, so that the air outlet amount of each air outlet of the ladder-shaped ventilation unit is equal.
4. The plant factory riser-cross duct ventilation device according to any one of claims 2-3, wherein the plant factory riser-cross duct ventilation device is installed in a ventilation wall shape.
5. The plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of double vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units are arranged side by side in a ventilation wall shape and are erected between two rows of cultivation shelves as a sandwich; each double-vertical-pipe ladder-shaped ventilation unit consists of a left vertical pipe, a right vertical pipe and a plurality of horizontal transverse pipes connected in parallel between the two vertical pipes, wherein two ends of a cavity of each transverse pipe are respectively connected to the cavities of the left vertical pipe and the right vertical pipe; a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the front side and the rear side of the transverse pipe, and the air outlet hole in each side faces the plant cultivation layers of the row of cultivation racks; two adjacent vertical pipes of the adjacent double-vertical-pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units share one air inlet.
6. The plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of single vertical pipe ladder-shaped ventilation units are arranged side by side in a ventilation wall shape and are erected between two rows of cultivation shelves as a sandwich; each single-vertical-pipe ladder-shaped ventilation unit consists of a vertical pipe and a plurality of transverse pipes symmetrically arranged on the left side and the right side of the vertical pipe, the transverse pipes are not provided with end surface plugs arranged on the vertical pipe, are connected with but not communicated with the end surfaces of the opposite transverse pipes on the adjacent single-vertical-pipe ladder-shaped ventilation unit, and the end surfaces of the transverse pipes on the outermost sides of the two sides of the ventilation wall are plugged; the front side and the rear side of the transverse pipe are provided with a plurality of air outlet holes, and the air outlet hole on each side is directly opposite to the plant cultivation layers of the row of cultivation frames.
7. A ventilation system using the plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein the plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device is used, an air inlet of which is connected to an air conditioning unit of a plant factory through an air inlet bellows, and air ducts are provided on both sides of a cultivation rack, the ends of the air ducts are provided with air return inlets, and the air return inlets are connected to the air conditioning unit through air return bellows; the air current enters the air inlet of the vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device of the plant factory from the air conditioning unit of the plant factory through the air inlet bellows, is blown into the plant cultivation layers of the cultivation frame from the air outlet hole after passing through the vertical pipe and the horizontal pipe, flows into the air channels on both sides of the cultivation frame, and returns to the air conditioning unit from the air return inlet at the tail end of the air channel through the air return bellows.
8. The ventilation system of claim 7, wherein the duct has a duct deck disposed therebetween for ventilation, and an axial fan is disposed on the duct deck for accelerating the airflow in the duct toward the return air inlet.
9. The ventilation system as claimed in claim 7, wherein a plant factory vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device is used, and a fan is installed at an air inlet of each vertical pipe; the air inlet is pressurized and supplied with air by the fan, the air is blown into the plant cultivation layers of the cultivation frame from the air outlet after passing through the vertical pipe and the transverse pipe, the air flows to the two sides of the cultivation frame, and the air is sucked into the air inlet under the action of the fan, so that the self-circulation ventilation system is formed.
10. The ventilation system of claim 9, wherein the air duct has a duct plate in the middle, and an axial fan is installed on the duct plate to accelerate the air flow in the air duct to the air inlet.
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| CN202020120452.4U CN212138612U (en) | 2020-01-19 | 2020-01-19 | Vertical-horizontal pipe ventilation device and ventilation system for plant factory |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022246547A1 (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-12-01 | The Growcer Inc. | Top-down airflow handling and distribution system for vertical plant growing systems and a vertical plant growing system comprising the same |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022246547A1 (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2022-12-01 | The Growcer Inc. | Top-down airflow handling and distribution system for vertical plant growing systems and a vertical plant growing system comprising the same |
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