CN212125094U - Emergency valve - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an emergency valve, which comprises a valve shell, wherein an air exhaust channel is arranged on the valve shell, the opening section of a main valve core control main valve opening is arranged at the main valve opening, the main valve core separates the air exhaust channel into a high-pressure cavity communicated with a brake pipe, and the high-pressure cavity is communicated with an emergency room through a communication channel; the emergency chamber is provided with an exhaust valve capable of realizing connection and disconnection of an inner cavity of the emergency valve with the atmosphere, a center rod of a piston assembly of the emergency valve conducts the exhaust valve when pushing a main valve core to open, an exhaust channel of the exhaust valve conducts and exhausts, on the basis that high-pressure gas in the emergency chamber is exhausted into the high-pressure cavity through a communication channel, another exhaust channel is provided for the high-pressure gas in the emergency chamber, the high-pressure gas in the emergency chamber can be exhausted at a higher speed, and the emergency valve can be guaranteed to be relieved to an initial state in a shorter time.

Description

Emergency valve

Technical Field

The utility model relates to an emergency valve.

Background

When the train normally runs, high-pressure gas is filled into the brake pipe and the high pressure is kept, when the train needs to be braked, an operator drives the brake valve in the cab or the carriage to a brake position, the brake pipe exhausts air to the outside, the pressure in the brake pipe is reduced, and the brake cylinder is triggered to work to brake the train wheels. The braking of the train is divided into conventional braking and emergency braking, and the braking pipe can exhaust air quickly during emergency braking so that the braking system can react quickly. In order to realize quick air exhaust of the brake pipe during emergency braking, an emergency valve is connected to the brake pipe in the prior art, the air exhaust of the brake pipe is accelerated through the emergency valve, and the sensitivity of a brake system during emergency braking is improved.

If grant notice number is CN201665210U, grant notice day is the structure of aerifing of emergent room of DK type locomotive brake emergency valve that chinese utility model patent of 2010 12 months 08 discloses, be provided with main piston in this emergency valve, main piston divide into upper and lower two cavities with the cavity of emergency valve, wherein, upper portion cavity and emergent room intercommunication, lower part cavity and brake pipe interface intercommunication, simultaneously, set up the restriction shrinkage cavity on the well core rod of main piston and communicate emergent room and lower part cavity. In addition, a compression stabilizing spring is arranged between the main piston and the inner wall of the lower cavity, the lower cavity is provided with an air outlet communicated with the outside atmosphere, and an air release valve is arranged at the air outlet. When the train normally runs, the emergency room, the lower cavity and the interior of the brake pipe are in equal pressure, the air discharge valve plugs the air discharge port, and the main piston is at a position far away from the air discharge valve under the pushing of the compression stabilizing spring.

During emergency braking, the brake valve is operated to enable air pressure in the brake pipe to rapidly drop, the air pressure in the lower cavity communicated with the brake pipe also rapidly drops, a pressure difference is formed between the lower cavity and the emergency chamber, high-pressure air in the emergency chamber pushes the main piston to move to the position of the air release valve by overcoming the elastic force of the compression stabilizing spring, the air release valve is pushed open by the spindle, the brake pipe and the middle cavity are communicated with the outside through the air outlet, air exhaust of the brake pipe is accelerated, emergency braking is achieved, high-pressure air in the emergency chamber is exhausted to the atmosphere through the shrinkage limiting hole in the central shaft in the emergency braking process, and in order to ensure that a train can be completely stopped through the emergency braking, the high-pressure air in the emergency chamber can be exhausted within at least 15 seconds.

After emergency braking is finished, high-pressure gas needs to be flushed into the brake pipe again to enable the emergency valve to return to a release state, so that the emergency valve can exhaust the high-pressure gas in the emergency room as soon as possible on the premise that proper emergency braking time can be guaranteed, the compression stabilizing spring can push the main piston upwards to release the pushing of the main piston to the vent valve, the vent valve closes the air outlet, so that air flushing in the brake pipe is released, and if the high-pressure gas in the emergency room cannot be exhausted as soon as possible, the upward movement resistance of the main piston can be increased, and the emergency valve is released to the initial state slowly.

And the emergency chamber of the emergency valve in the prior art is communicated with the lower cavity only through the limiting shrinkage cavity on the central rod, so that the high-pressure gas in the emergency chamber is discharged slowly, and the high-pressure gas in the emergency chamber still needs a long time to be discharged after the braking is finished, so that the emergency valve needs a long time to be released to an initial state.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide a can resume fast after accomplishing emergency braking and alleviate the emergency valve who resumes to initial condition.

The utility model discloses an emergency valve adopts following technical scheme:

an emergency valve comprises a valve shell, wherein an air exhaust channel is arranged in the valve shell, and a main valve port is arranged on the air exhaust channel; the main valve core is movably arranged in the valve shell and is provided with a matching surface used for being matched with the main valve port in a sealing way; the valve core spring is arranged in the valve shell and provides elastic force for pressing the main valve core on the main valve port; one side of the exhaust channel, which is partitioned by the main valve core, is a high-pressure cavity and is used for being communicated with the brake pipe, and the other side of the exhaust channel is communicated with the atmosphere; the emergency chamber is communicated with the high-pressure cavity, and a throttling structure is arranged on the communication channel; a piston assembly is sealingly mounted between the emergency chamber and the high pressure chamber and is movable therebetween, wherein during a travel of the piston assembly, the central stem urges the main valve element against the force of the valve element spring to open the main valve port; a compression stabilizing spring mounted within the high pressure chamber to provide a retaining force to the piston assembly in a direction away from the valve core; an exhaust valve capable of realizing the connection and disconnection of an inner cavity of the emergency chamber and the atmosphere is also arranged on the emergency chamber, and a throttling structure is arranged on an exhaust passage of the exhaust valve; the central rod of the piston assembly is drivingly connected to the valve element of the bleed valve to open the bleed valve when the central rod pushes the main valve element to the open position; alternatively, the valve element of the bleed valve is fixedly coupled to or integrally formed with the central rod of the piston assembly, and the bleed valve is conducted when the central rod of the piston assembly urges the main valve element to the open position.

The beneficial effects are that: when the piston assembly pushes the main valve core to move against the action force of the valve core spring through the central rod to open the main valve port, high-pressure gas in the emergency chamber can flow back into the high-pressure chamber through the communication channel and flows to the atmosphere through the main valve port, and meanwhile, the piston assembly drives the valve core of the exhaust valve arranged on the emergency chamber to act through the central rod of the piston assembly, so that the exhaust channel of the exhaust valve is communicated for exhausting, another exhaust channel is provided for the high-pressure gas in the emergency chamber, the exhausting speed of the high-pressure gas in the emergency chamber is increased, the exhausting time of the high-pressure gas in the emergency chamber is shortened, and the time for relieving the emergency valve to the initial state.

Further, a blocking column is hermetically mounted on a shell wall of the emergency room, the exhaust passage is arranged on the blocking column, and a valve core of the exhaust valve is fixedly connected or integrally formed with a center rod of the piston assembly and is in plug-in fit with the blocking column in the moving direction of the piston assembly.

The beneficial effects are that: the wall of the emergency room is provided with the blocking column, the exhaust channel is arranged on the blocking column, the exhaust channel is convenient to arrange, and meanwhile, the blocking column can be conveniently detached, replaced, cleaned and maintained, so that the emergency valve can be conveniently maintained.

Furthermore, a valve core of the exhaust valve is sleeved outside the blocking column in a sealing and movable mode, a radial through hole is formed in the valve core, and the exhaust valve is switched on and off through the communication and disconnection between the radial through hole and the exhaust channel in the moving stroke of the valve core.

The beneficial effects are that: the valve core is provided with a radial through hole communicated with the exhaust channel, and the valve core body is partially arranged on the upper side of the air inlet of the exhaust channel and partially arranged on the lower side of the air inlet of the exhaust channel, so that a sealing structure is conveniently arranged between the valve core and the blocking column.

Furthermore, a throttling plug is screwed on the plug column at the position of the outer port of the exhaust passage to form a throttling structure on the exhaust passage.

The beneficial effects are that: the installation throttle end cap realizes the simple and convenient setting of throttle structure as throttle structure for emergency valve is convenient for manufacture, makes throttle structure convenient to detach change simultaneously.

Furthermore, the exhaust valve also comprises a filter disc arranged on the outer side of the throttling structure of the exhaust passage so as to prevent external impurities from blocking the throttling structure of the exhaust passage.

The beneficial effects are that: the filter disc is arranged to shield and protect the throttling structure, so that the throttling structure is prevented from being blocked by external sundries, and the failure probability of the emergency valve in the working process is reduced.

Further, the communication channel is formed in a center rod of the piston assembly, and the throttling structure in the communication channel is a throttling plug arranged in the communication channel.

The beneficial effects are that: the communication channel is arranged on the central rod, so that the communication channel is convenient to process, and the emergency valve is convenient to process and manufacture.

Furthermore, a central hole axially extending from the end face of one end extending into the inner cavity of the emergency chamber is formed in the central rod, radial through holes communicated with the central hole are formed in the axial positions corresponding to the high-pressure cavity and the inner cavity of the emergency chamber on the central rod respectively, the two radial through holes and the central hole section between the two radial through holes form the communicated channel, an air inlet of the exhaust channel communicated with the emergency chamber is located on the outer peripheral surface of the blocking column, and one end of the central rod extending into the inner cavity of the emergency chamber forms a valve core of the exhaust valve and is matched with the blocking column in a sleeved mode.

The beneficial effects are that: the valve core of the exhaust valve and the central rod are integrally arranged, the exhaust valve is used for providing the inner cavity for the plugging column to insert and the communicating channel, and the communicating channel and the exhaust valve can be machined and formed together for providing the inner cavity for the plugging column to insert during machining and manufacturing, so that the emergency valve is convenient to produce and manufacture.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment 1 of the emergency valve of the present invention;

in the figure: 1-valve casing; 2-valve seat; a 3-piston assembly; 4-high pressure chamber; 5-emergency room; 6-a central rod; 7-a channel; 8-a first throttling plug; 9-main valve port; 10-main spool; 11-a spool spring; 12-compression stabilizing spring; 13-plugging the column; 14-an exhaust channel; 15-air inlet; 16-air outlet; 17-an exhaust port; 18-a sealing ring; 19-a second choke plug; 20-filter disc.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention, i.e., the described embodiments are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by the person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.

The utility model discloses a concrete embodiment 1 of emergency valve: in this embodiment, connect on train braking system's brake pipe with the emergency valve and accelerate the brake pipe and exhaust as the example, it is right the utility model discloses well emergency valve's structure and theory of operation introduce. As shown in figure 1, the emergency valve comprises a valve housing 1, a valve seat 2 and a piston assembly 3, the valve housing 1 and valve seat 2 being fitted together in a snap-fit sealing arrangement, with the valve housing 1 sealingly pressing the piston assembly 3 against the valve seat 2. An air exhaust channel is formed in the valve shell 1, one end of the air exhaust channel is communicated with the brake pipe in a butt joint mode, and the other end of the air exhaust channel is communicated with the atmosphere.

Specifically, the exhaust passage includes two parallel hole sections and a main valve port 9 vertically communicating the two parallel hole sections, meanwhile, a main valve element 10 is movably installed in the valve housing 1, the main valve element 10 has a fitting surface for being in sealing fit with the main valve port 9 and used for controlling the opening and closing of the main valve port 9, a valve element spring 11 is installed between the main valve element 10 and the valve housing 1, under the normal running state of the train, under the pushing and pressing of the valve element spring 11, the main valve element 10 is pressed on the main valve port 9, one side of the exhaust passage, which is blocked by the main valve element 10 and is communicated with the brake pipe, is a high-pressure chamber 4, and the other side is communicated with the atmosphere. When the train normally runs, the main valve core 10 isolates the high-pressure cavity 4 from the atmosphere, the set pressure is kept in the brake pipe, and the brake pipe, the high-pressure cavity 4 and the emergency chamber 5 have the same air pressure. The piston assembly 3 and the valve seat 2 define an emergency chamber 5.

Piston subassembly 3 middle part is provided with well core rod 6, and well core rod 6 upper end stretches to in the high-pressure chamber 4, and the lower extreme extends to in the urgent room 5, urgent room 5 and high-pressure chamber 4 intercommunication, and be provided with the throttle structure in the intercommunication passageway, in this embodiment, the intercommunication passageway that realizes the intercommunication between urgent room 5 and high-pressure chamber is for seting up the passageway 7 on well core rod 6, and the first throttle end cap 8 of throttle structure for setting up in passageway 7. For the opening position of the communication channel for communicating the emergency chamber with the high-pressure cavity, in other embodiments, in combination with convenience of practical operation, a through hole may be formed in the diaphragm of the piston assembly to communicate the emergency chamber with the high-pressure cavity, and of course, through holes may be formed in the valve housing and the valve seat to communicate the emergency chamber with the high-pressure cavity.

When the train braking system brakes, the brake pipe is deflated and decompressed, high-pressure gas in the emergency room 5 can flow back to the high-pressure room 4 through the channel 7 for air supplement, after the train braking is finished, the air pressure in the brake pipe rises, and the high-pressure gas in the high-pressure room 4 flows into the emergency room 5 through the channel 7, so that the high-pressure gas can flow between the high-pressure cavity 4 and the emergency room 5 for air supplement. Specifically, the structure of the piston assembly belongs to the prior art, and is not described in detail herein.

A compression stabilizing spring 12 is arranged between the piston assembly 3 and the valve shell 1, in a non-braking state, the compression stabilizing spring 12 presses the piston assembly 3 on the valve seat 2, during normal braking, air pressure in a brake pipe is slowly reduced, high-pressure gas in the emergency chamber 5 flows back into the high-pressure cavity 4 through the passage 7 to supplement air to the high-pressure cavity 4, the pressure difference between the emergency chamber 5 and the high-pressure cavity 4 is small, meanwhile, under the pushing action of the compression stabilizing spring 12, a diaphragm of the piston assembly 3 cannot drive the central rod 6 to move upwards too high, and the situation that the central rod 6 rises too high to push the main valve plug 10 open to open the main valve port 9 to cause emergency braking is avoided.

During emergency braking, after an operator performs emergency braking operation, the air pressure in the brake pipe rapidly drops, the air pressure in the high-pressure cavity 4 communicated with the brake pipe also rapidly drops, and due to the fact that the first throttling plug 8 is arranged in the passage 7, the speed of backflow air supplement of the high-pressure gas in the emergency chamber 5 to the high-pressure cavity 4 is far lower than the speed of the drop of the air pressure in the high-pressure cavity 4, a large pressure difference is formed between the emergency chamber 5 and the high-pressure cavity 4, the high-pressure gas in the emergency chamber 5 pushes the piston assembly 3 to overcome the elastic force of the compression stabilizing spring 12 to drive the central rod 6 to move upwards, the central rod 6 overcomes the elastic force of the valve core spring 11 to open the main valve core 10, the high-pressure cavity 4 is communicated with the atmosphere, the high-pressure gas in the brake pipe can be exhausted to the atmosphere rapidly through the main. During emergency braking, high-pressure gas in the emergency chamber 5 flows back into the high-pressure chamber 4 through the passage 7 and is exhausted to the atmosphere.

In addition, the valve seat 2 is further provided with an exhaust valve, the exhaust valve comprises a blocking column 13 which is hermetically mounted on the wall of the emergency chamber 5, the upper part of the blocking column 13 extends into the emergency chamber 5, the blocking column 13 is provided with an exhaust passage 14 for communicating the emergency chamber 5 with the atmosphere, an air inlet 15 of the exhaust passage 14 is positioned on the side wall of the blocking column 13, and an air outlet 16 is arranged on the bottom surface of the blocking column 13, so that the exhaust passage is L-shaped. The plug 13 constitutes a discharge valve seat.

The lower end of the central rod 6 is provided with an inner cavity for inserting the blocking column 13, and the blocking column 13 is provided with two sealing rings 18 at the upper side and the lower side of the air inlet 15, so that the sealing sleeve dismounting and matching of the blocking column 13 and the central rod 6 are realized. An air outlet 17 which is radially communicated along the central rod is formed in the side wall of the cavity wall of the inner cavity of the central rod 6, into which the blocking column 13 is inserted. The inner cavity of the lower end of the central rod 6 for the plugging column 13 to insert is communicated with the passage 7.

As shown in fig. 1, when the vehicle is not braked suddenly, the exhaust port 17 is located at the lower side of the air inlet 15, and high-pressure air in the emergency chamber 5 cannot enter the exhaust passage 14 due to the sealing plug of the blocking column 3 and the central rod 6. During emergency braking, the central rod 6 ascends to push the main valve element 10, after the central rod 6 pushes the main valve element 10 open, the exhaust port 17 ascends to a position communicated with the air inlet 15, on the basis that high-pressure gas in the emergency chamber 5 flows back to the high-pressure cavity 4 through the passage 7, the high-pressure gas in the emergency chamber 5 is directly exhausted to the atmosphere through the exhaust port 17 and the exhaust passage 14, the exhaust rate of the high-pressure gas in the emergency chamber 5 is increased, the exhaust time of the high-pressure gas in the emergency chamber is shortened, then the piston component 3 moves in the direction far away from the main valve element 10 under the pushing of the compression stabilizing spring 12, the central rod 6 releases the pushing of the main valve element 10, the valve element spring 11 presses the main valve element 10 on the main valve port 9, the high-pressure cavity 4 is blocked from being communicated with the atmosphere, and high-pressure gas is.

The lower part of the central rod 6 and the part matched with the plugging column 13 in a plugging way form a valve core of the exhaust valve, namely, the valve core of the exhaust valve and the central rod are integrally formed. In other embodiments, can also be with discharge valve's case and well core rod fixed connection, as for the structure of discharge valve case, can be for the sleeve of suit on stifled post, set up the gas vent on the telescopic lateral wall, perhaps make discharge valve's case and well core rod transmission be connected, as for discharge valve case and well core rod's transmission connected mode, can be at well core rod lower extreme fixed F couple, correspondingly, set up the link on the discharge valve case, when well core rod shifts up, lift discharge valve case through couple hook link, when well core rod shifts down, promote the link through the couple and exert decurrent thrust to the case.

In order to prevent the train braking system from being too short in braking time and failing to brake due to the fact that high-pressure gas in the emergency chamber 5 is exhausted too fast through the exhaust channel 14, a throttling structure, specifically a second throttling plug 19, is mounted at the position of an outer port of the exhaust channel 14 on the plug column 13 to control the rate of the high-pressure gas in the emergency chamber 5 exhausted outwards through the exhaust channel 14, and it is guaranteed that the central rod 6 can have enough jacking-open time for the main valve element 10, and therefore the train braking system is guaranteed to have qualified braking time. In other embodiments, a necking structure can be machined in the exhaust passage when the exhaust passage is machined to be used as a throttling structure to control the rate of discharging high-pressure gas in the emergency chamber outwards through the exhaust passage. Further, in order to prevent the second throttling plug 19 from being blocked by external impurities, a filter 20 is installed on the outer side of the second throttling plug 19 of the exhaust passage to block the throttling structure of the exhaust passage from being blocked by the external impurities.

The utility model discloses embodiment 2 of well emergency valve, different from above-mentioned each embodiment, in the above-mentioned embodiment, well core rod has been enclosed and has been offered the gas vent on the lateral wall that supplies stifled post 13 male inner chamber, in this embodiment, do not offer the gas vent on the well core rod lateral wall, and shorten the length of core rod adaptively, make well core rod can shutoff air intake under non-braking state, during emergency braking, when well core rod rises to pushing up main valve core open position, well core rod down the terminal surface be located on exhaust passage's air inlet.

The utility model discloses embodiment 3 of well emergency valve, different with above-mentioned each embodiment, in above-mentioned each embodiment, the confession stifled post male inner chamber and the route intercommunication that well core rod lower extreme was seted up, in order to prevent that the high-pressure gas in urgent room reachs exhaust passage through the route, exhaust passage is for seting up L shape passageway on stifled post, make exhaust passage's air inlet set up on well core rod's lateral wall, and not communicate with the route, in this embodiment, the confession stifled post that well core rod lower extreme was seted up inserts the inner chamber not communicate with the route, exhaust passage is for seting up the through-hole along stifled post axial extension on stifled post, when the effort that well core pole promoted the main valve core and overcome the case spring removed and open the mouth, the gas vent is located stifled post upside. The exhaust channel is arranged to be a through hole which is formed in the blocking column and extends along the axial direction of the blocking column, so that the exhaust channel is convenient to process.

The utility model discloses embodiment 4 of well emergency valve, different with above-mentioned each embodiment, in above-mentioned each embodiment, the stifled post of seal installation on the conch wall of emergency room, exhaust passage sets up on stifled post, well core rod lower extreme and the cooperation of stifled sealed plug bush of post, make stifled post as discharge valve's disk seat, in this embodiment, directly regard the conch wall of emergency room as discharge valve's disk seat, well core rod's lower extreme passes emergency room and wears out from emergency room's diapire, well core rod processes out exhaust passage on the tip that emergency room diapire stretches out, exhaust passage's air inlet is located well core rod's lateral wall, exhaust passage's gas outlet is located well core rod's the terminal surface that stretches out through emergency room diapire, furthermore, exhaust passage does. The piston assembly slide is moved between the open position and the closed position, and the piston assembly slide is moved between the open position and the closed position.

The utility model discloses well emergency valve can also be arranged in other systems that need promptly to let out the wind, for example, in the braking system of passenger train or transport vechicle.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, the protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and all structural changes equivalent to the contents of the description and drawings of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. An emergency valve comprising:

the valve shell is internally provided with an air exhaust channel, and the air exhaust channel is provided with a main valve port;

the main valve core is movably arranged in the valve shell and is provided with a matching surface used for being matched with the main valve port in a sealing way;

the valve core spring is arranged in the valve shell and provides elastic force for pressing the main valve core on the main valve port;

one side of the exhaust channel, which is partitioned by the main valve core, is a high-pressure cavity and is used for being communicated with the brake pipe, and the other side of the exhaust channel is communicated with the atmosphere;

the emergency chamber is communicated with the high-pressure cavity, and a throttling structure is arranged on the communication channel;

a piston assembly sealingly mounted between the emergency chamber and the high pressure chamber and movable therebetween, wherein during a travel of the piston assembly, the central stem urges the main valve element against the force of the valve element spring to open the main valve port;

a compression stabilizing spring mounted within the high pressure chamber to provide a retaining force to the piston assembly in a direction away from the valve core;

it is characterized in that the utility model is characterized in that,

an exhaust valve capable of realizing the connection and disconnection of an inner cavity of the emergency chamber and the atmosphere is also arranged on the emergency chamber, and a throttling structure is arranged on an exhaust passage of the exhaust valve;

the central rod of the piston assembly is drivingly connected to the valve element of the bleed valve to open the bleed valve when the central rod pushes the main valve element to the open position;

alternatively, the valve element of the bleed valve is fixedly coupled to or integrally formed with the central rod of the piston assembly, and the bleed valve is conducted when the central rod of the piston assembly urges the main valve element to the open position.

2. An emergency valve according to claim 1, wherein a plug is sealingly mounted in a wall of the emergency chamber, the vent passage being provided in the plug, and the valve element of the vent valve being fixedly connected to or integrally formed with the central rod of the piston assembly and being arranged to telescopically engage the plug in the direction of movement of the piston assembly.

3. The emergency valve according to claim 2, wherein the valve core of the exhaust valve is hermetically and movably sleeved outside the blocking column, the valve core is provided with a radial through hole, and the exhaust valve is switched on and off by connecting and disconnecting the radial through hole and the exhaust channel in the moving stroke of the valve core.

4. The emergency valve according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a throttling plug is screwed on the plug column at the position of the outer port of the exhaust passage to form a throttling structure on the exhaust passage.

5. The emergency valve according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the exhaust valve further comprises a filter disposed outside the throttling structure of the exhaust passage to block the throttling structure of the exhaust passage from being clogged by foreign objects.

6. An emergency valve according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the communication passage opens in a central rod of the piston assembly, and the restriction in the communication passage is a restriction plug disposed in the communication passage.

7. The emergency valve according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the central rod is provided with a central hole axially extending from an end surface of one end extending into the inner cavity of the emergency chamber, the central rod is further provided with radial through holes communicating with the central hole at axial positions corresponding to the high pressure cavity and the inner cavity of the emergency chamber, the two radial through holes and the central hole section therebetween form the communicating passage, an air inlet of the exhaust passage communicating with the emergency chamber is located on the outer peripheral surface of the blocking column, and one end of the central rod extending into the inner cavity of the emergency chamber forms a valve core of the exhaust valve and is in sleeve fit with the blocking column.

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