CN212092638U

CN212092638U - Knife blank of wear-resistant alloy knife

Info

Publication number: CN212092638U
Application number: CN202020442063.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许纪刚
Original assignee: Donge Liyuan Machinery Tool Co ltd
Current assignee: Donge Liyuan Machinery Tool Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-31
Filing date: 2020-03-31
Publication date: 2020-12-08
Anticipated expiration: 2030-03-31

Abstract

The utility model discloses a cutter base of wear-resisting alloy sword, including the cutter body, set up the alloy brazing groove in cutter body cutting edge department, the alloy brazing groove set up in the side that the cutter body set up the sword cutting edge of a knife or a sword, the alloy brazing groove sets up along the length direction of cutting part, the both sides in alloy brazing groove are respectively by the cutter body basic unit of the front of cutter base, reverse side formation, the centre gripping welding alloy-layer in alloy brazing groove, the thickness of alloy-layer is corresponding with the thickness of alloy sword normal during operation sword peak, the thickness of cutter body basic unit is not less than the thickness of alloy-layer. The high-wear-resistance alloy knife with the knife blank suitable for cutting can be machined, so that the machined alloy knife is sharp in cutting edge, good in wear resistance, long in service life, high in production efficiency in the using process, and capable of effectively reducing energy consumption of machinery.

Description

Knife blank of wear-resistant alloy knife

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a cutter, in particular to a cutter blank of a wear-resistant alloy cutter.

Background

The cutter such as the grass chopping cutter, the stubble cleaning cutter, the soybean milk machine blade, the wheat and corn crushing cutter and the like are important parts of related instruments, in the working process, the cutter is always in a friction state with the cut-off position of straws, the high temperature and continuous friction aggravate the loss of the blade part, the blade is seriously passivated, and the cutter is a high-loss part of the main agricultural crushing machine.

The performance of the cutter of the crushing cutter is mainly embodied in two aspects: firstly, the sharpness of the blade part; secondly, the wear resistance of the blade part. Further, the wear resistance of the blade portion of the cutter affects the sharpness of the blade portion, and if the wear resistance is poor, the blade portion of the cutter is worn and dull, and the sharpness is lost, and after the blade is dull, if the blade is still within a usable size range, the blade needs to be ground or trimmed, and after grinding or trimming several times, the blade becomes small in size and cannot be used and discarded.

Therefore, the sharpness and the wear resistance of the edge of the cutter of the agricultural crushing cutter directly influence the working efficiency, the service life and the economic benefit of the machine.

Taking the straw crushing mechanism of a common harvester machine as an example, the cutter of most straw crushing mechanisms, such as a jubaotian 4LBZ-145G (PRO588I-G) semi-feeding combine harvester and a Wobde DR150A semi-feeding combine harvester, has the service life of 200 mu land and 300 mu land. In the working process, the cutter needs to be polished or edge repaired when the cutter becomes blunt, and in the maintenance process, the machine needs to be stopped and disassembled for maintenance, so that the operation is greatly influenced.

In order to solve the problems of sharpness and wear resistance of the cutter, the prior art makes the following various technical innovations:

the chinese patent application No. 201711178340.3 discloses a high strength tool machining method, comprising the steps of: 10-20% of anorthite by weight percent is used; 70-80% of alpha-Si 3N4 powder; 0.5-1.5% of beta-Si 3N4 crystal seeds, wherein the length-diameter ratio is 3-4: 1; 1-2.8 wt% of two or more rare earth metal oxide auxiliaries, wherein the metal ion radius of the rare earth metal oxide is distributed in a ladder shape and comprises Y2O3 and Yb2O 3; 1-2 wt% of a mixture of a secondary densification aid MgO and AlN; mixing, ball milling, drying, putting into a graphite grinding tool, heating to 1500-; then, the prepared material is used for producing a blank cutter, and the blank cutter is subjected to plane grinding of two surfaces, linear cutting, grinding, chamfering and edge grinding to prepare a high-strength cutter. It can be seen that it is improved by the choice of materials and the way of heat treatment.

The chinese patent of granted publication No. CN 102517546B discloses a method for machining a wear-resistant tool, comprising the steps of: pre-treating; carrying out ion cleaning on the cutter substrate; depositing a Ti transition layer on the surface of the cutter substrate by utilizing multi-arc ion plating; depositing a TiN bottom layer on the Ti transition layer by utilizing multi-arc ion plating; and depositing a TiN layer on the TiN bottom layer by utilizing unbalanced magnetron sputtering. The utility model discloses owing to adopt the mode of the coating of multi-arc ion plating and the preparation of unbalanced magnetron sputtering composite deposition, can show the intensity and the toughness that improve the coating, make the cutter have better impact resistance and resistance to wear, effectively improved the life of the cutter among the mechanical engineering device. It can be seen that the coating is formed by means of multi-arc ion plating to increase the wear resistance of the cutter.

The present invention discloses a blade part structure of a machining tool and a surface treatment method thereof, which are disclosed in chinese patent application No. CN201780020893.8, wherein a blade of the machining tool and the vicinity of the blade are used as a treatment region, substantially spherical spray particles having a median diameter of 1 to 20 μm are sprayed onto the treatment region at a spray pressure of 0.01 to 0.7MPa, pits having an equivalent diameter of 1 to 18 μm and a depth of 0.02 to 1.0 μm or less are formed, and the projected area of the pits is 30% or more of the surface area of the treatment region. It is found that the wear-resistant abrasive grains are sprayed on the edge of the tool to increase the surface hardness of the edge and improve the durability of the machining tool itself.

The Chinese patent with the application number of 201810633262.X discloses a process method for producing a cutter by using a caulking groove substrate, which comprises the following steps of (1) preparing a substrate, (2) cleaning the substrate, (3) embedding a high-speed steel bar (4), vacuum welding, (5) tempering, (6) straightening, (5) finely grinding, (7) cutting a long blank by a planer edge (8), (9) finely grinding the edge, (10) cutting the cutter, (11) punching, (12) straightening, (13) cleaning, rust prevention and packaging of a finished product. The sharpness and the wear resistance of the cutter are solved by embedding and welding a high-speed steel bar on one surface of a knife edge.

In summary, in order to improve the sharpness and wear resistance of the tool, the following options exist in the prior art:

one is to improve the steel structure of the cutter by a heat treatment process.

And secondly, the surface of the edge part of the cutter is treated, and the wear resistance of the cutter is improved by soldering wear-resistant abrasive particles on the surface of the cutter after the wear-resistant material is sprayed.

Thirdly, welding high-speed steel bars or alloy steel on one side surface of the knife edge of the cutter in a brazing mode.

The first treatment mode is that the existing cutter for crushing is generally subjected to heat treatment in the production and processing process, including quenching, annealing and even tempering, so that the performance of the cutter is improved by a heat treatment process, which cannot be realized by the existing technical means.

In the second treatment mode, the surface of the cutting edge of the cutter is treated, and the wear resistance of the cutter is improved by soldering a wear-resistant abrasive grain layer when a wear-resistant material is sprayed on the surface of the cutter. The above-mentioned treatment method has a problem that the surface after treatment has a certain sharpness and wear resistance, but it has: the layer thickness of the surface treatment is thinner, generally 20-40um, the surface treatment layer is distributed on two side surfaces of the cutter, and the cutter loses the wear resistance once the thinner coating layer or abrasive particle layer is worn in continuous work; in addition, the coating only solves the wear resistance of the surface of the cutter, and has no great effect on the sharpness of the edge of the cutter body.

For the third mode, welding high-speed steel bars or alloy steel on one side surface of the cutter opening only has a good effect on cutters with shearing working characteristics. In the shearing mode, one side surface of the cutter is rubbed in the working process, and the sharpness and the wear resistance of the edge part of the cutter are improved by arranging the edge surface on the rubbed working surface, brazing high-speed steel or alloy steel on the edge part of the side surface of the cutter, and then edging the side surface of the cutter. However, the above-mentioned method of welding the high-speed steel bar or the alloy steel to one side surface of the blade opening is not suitable for the crushing blade working in the non-shearing manner, and the crushing blade working in the non-shearing manner crushes the material by rotating at a high speed and cutting off the material during the working process, and both side surfaces of the blade opening are worn. One side of the knife edge is welded with high-speed steel bars or alloy steel, so that the wear resistance of the other side cannot be solved, and the other side of the knife edge is welded with the high-speed steel bars or alloy steel in the working process and is easy to be detached due to the abrasion of a matrix. The above-described method is not suitable for a crushing cutter that operates in a non-shearing manner.

At present, no good way is available for solving the problems of sharpness and wear resistance of the crushing cutter, particularly the crushing cutter working in a non-shearing mode, the loss of the cutter is large, the mechanical working efficiency and the economic benefit are seriously influenced, and the cutter body material is also a huge waste.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The to-be-solved technical problem of the utility model is to provide a sword blank of wear-resisting alloy sword, this sword blank can process out the high wear-resisting alloy sword that is fit for cutting work, makes the alloy sword cutting edge after the processing sharp, the wearability is good, long service life, in the use, can effectively reduce the maintenance and the change of cutter, and production efficiency is high, effectively reduces mechanical energy resource consumption.

In order to solve the above technical problem, the utility model discloses a following technical means:

a cutter blank of a wear-resistant alloy cutter comprises a cutter body and an alloy brazing groove arranged on the blade surface of the cutter body, wherein the alloy brazing groove is arranged on the side surface of the cutter body, which is provided with a blade edge, and is arranged along the length direction of the blade part, two sides of the alloy brazing groove are respectively a cutter body base layer formed by the front surface and the back surface of the cutter blank, an alloy layer is clamped and welded in the alloy brazing groove, the thickness of the alloy layer corresponds to the thickness of a blade peak when the alloy cutter works normally, and the thickness of the cutter body base layer is not less than the thickness of the alloy layer.

According to the technical scheme, the cutter blank is welded and fixed with the alloy layer by utilizing the alloy brazing groove, and then the blade surface is formed by grinding the cutter body base layer, so that the cutter can be formed, and the alloy cutter processed by utilizing the cutter blank has the following advantages:

(1) the blade of the cutter body is of a layer structure which is embedded together, the alloy layer is arranged in the middle, the two sides of the alloy layer are respectively provided with the cutter body base layer, a small part of the width of the alloy layer protrudes out of the cutter body base layer to form a blade edge, the blade edge is high in sharpness and wear resistance, the two sides of the alloy layer are clamped (welded) and fixed by the cutter body base layer, and the cutter body base layer is not easy to be detached when stressed. Through the gravel wearing and tearing experiment, the utility model discloses a cutter is about 15 times in current cutter life-span.

(2) The blade of the cutter body is embedded into a layered structure, the alloy layer is in the middle, in the working process, the cutter body base layers on two sides of the blade are also worn in the slow wear loss of the blade, the alloy layer is enabled to be protruded outside the cutter body base layer as a blade peak all the time, the cutter body is free of grinding and can be kept in the same working state as a new cutter all the time, the problem that the blade peak of the existing cutter is easy to wear and needs to be grinded and repaired is avoided, the shutdown maintenance is avoided, and the working efficiency and the economic benefit of the agricultural machine are effectively improved.

(3) When the thickness of the alloy layer is similar to the thickness of the blade peak, the alloy layer is beneficial to the full utilization of alloy metal, the alloy layer does not need to be sharpened or grinded and repaired, and the alloy layer is only worn and worn in a working state, so that 'good steel is completely used on the blade', the utilization rate of precious metal materials is improved, and the use cost of the alloy is reduced.

(4) The service life of the cutter is greatly prolonged, taking a 4LBZ-145G (PRO588I-G) half-feed combine harvester and a Wobde DR150A half-feed combine harvester as examples, the service life of the common cutter is 200 plus 300 mu, and the service life of the cutter of the utility model is 4500 mu-6000 mu. Can effectively reduce the replacement of the cutter, reduce the purchase and use cost of the cutter and has high production efficiency. 6-8 yuan/piece of original cutter; the cutter of the technical proposal is 35-40 yuan/block; 24 knives are needed for one knife roller, the knife roller works at the cost of 4500-6000 mu of knife, and the knife cost of buying 480 yuan can be saved by using the knife of the technical scheme.

(5) When the alloy knife works, the alloy knife generally cuts and chops materials in the high-speed rotating process, the cutting edge is a main stress surface in the cutting and chopping process, the cutting edge surface is less worn, and the sharper the cutting edge is, the faster the material is cut and chopped, so that the lower the power consumed by mechanical equipment is, the higher the working efficiency is, and the more energy is saved by the equipment. 4LBZ-145G (PRO588I-G) half-feed combine harvester for jubayan field and DR150A half-feed combine harvester for Wobo field, the existing cutter is arranged, the working efficiency is about 5 mu/hour, and the oil consumption is about 12L/hour; the wheat is harvested in the field of long time protection and Wald, and when the cutter of the technical scheme is installed, the working efficiency is higher than about 5 mu/hour (about 5.2 mu/hour), and the oil consumption of 5 mu is about 11.5 liters; the cutter can save oil by about 0.5 liter by finishing the same workload of 5 mu, the oil consumption is saved by about 4500 mu to 6000 mu, the oil consumption is saved by 900 liter to 1200 liter totally, and the oil consumption is saved by 4.5 yuan per liter, so that the oil cost can be saved by about 4500 yuan, the economic efficiency is huge, simultaneously, the fuel is saved, the exhaust emission is reduced, and the social benefit is good.

The depth of the alloy brazing groove is smaller than the width of the alloy layer.

By the arrangement, a small part of the welded alloy layer protrudes out of the cutter body base layer to form the blade edge, so that the workload of sharpening the cutter blank can be effectively reduced.

The width of the alloy brazing groove is not less than the thickness of the edge peak of the alloy cutter during normal operation.

According to the arrangement, the thickness of the alloy layer welded in the alloy groove is the same as that of the alloy knife in normal working, so that the cutting edge of the alloy knife is kept sharp all the time in working.

The thickness of the alloy layer is the same as that of the blade edge required by the alloy knife in normal operation.

The cross-sectional shape of the cutter body base layer is a lead angle.

By the arrangement, the workload of polishing the cutter body base layer in the later period is reduced. In order to guarantee the welding effect, the guide angle is arranged, so that the edge of the cutter body base layer has a certain thickness, and welding is facilitated.

The shapes of the cutter body base layers on the two sides of the alloy layer are completely the same.

By the arrangement, the cutter body base layers on the two sides can conveniently form good fixing and supporting effects on the alloy layer.

Two opposite sides of the cutter body are provided with cutting parts.

According to the requirements of different working scenes of the alloy cutter, a plurality of blade parts are arranged, so that the alloy cutter can work in forward rotation or reverse rotation. Or when the alloy layer on one side is completely worn, the other side is switched to work.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cutter body in the prior art.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of another prior art blade structure.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a first kind of knife blank according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a second kind of knife blank according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a first alloy cutter machined by using the novel cutter blank.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a second alloy blade machined from the novel blade blank.

Fig. 7 is a front view of fig. 6.

Description of reference numerals: 1, a cutter body; a 2-alloy layer; 3-edge peak; 4-edge surface; 5-alloy brazing tank; 6-cutter body base layer.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.

Referring to fig. 1, it can be seen that the prior art tool body 1, which is free of the alloy layer 2, has a wear resistant abrasive grain layer brazed to the cutting edge face 4 of the tool body 1 to improve the wear resistance of the tool.

The surface of the blade face 4 has certain sharpness and wear resistance increase after being treated, but the blade face has the following problems: the layer thickness of the surface treatment is thinner, generally 20-40um, the surface treatment layer is distributed on two side surfaces of the cutter, and the cutter loses the wear resistance once the thinner coating layer or abrasive particle layer is worn in continuous work; in addition, the coating only solves the wear resistance of the surface of the cutter, and has no great effect on the sharpness of the edge of the cutter body 1.

Referring to fig. 2, in another prior art cutter body 1, during the machining process, the structure of the cutter body 1 and the alloy layer 2 is that the alloy layer 2 is located on one side of the blade.

A high-speed steel bar or alloy steel is welded on one side surface of the cutter opening, and the effect is better only for cutters with the shearing working characteristic. In the shearing mode, one side surface of the cutter is rubbed in the working process, and in the cutter, the blade surface 4 is arranged on the rubbed working surface, the blade part of the side surface of the cutter is brazed with high-speed steel or alloy steel, and then the blade is sharpened, and the sharpness and the wear resistance of the blade part of the cutter are improved by utilizing the high-speed steel or the alloy steel. However, the above-mentioned method of welding the high-speed steel bar or the alloy steel to one side surface of the blade opening is not suitable for the crushing blade working in the non-shearing manner, and the crushing blade working in the non-shearing manner crushes the material by rotating at a high speed and cutting off the material during the working process, and both side surfaces of the blade opening are worn. One side of the knife edge is welded with high-speed steel bars or alloy steel, so that the wear resistance of the other side cannot be solved, and the other side of the knife edge is welded with the high-speed steel bars or alloy steel in the working process and is easy to be detached due to the abrasion of a matrix. The above-described method is not suitable for a crushing cutter that operates in a non-shearing manner.

Referring to fig. 3-6, the blank of the wear-resistant alloy cutter of the present embodiment includes a cutter body 1 and an alloy brazing groove 5 disposed at a cutting edge surface of the cutter body, the alloy brazing groove 5 is disposed at a side surface of the cutter body where the cutting edge 3 is disposed, the alloy brazing groove 5 is disposed along a length direction of the cutting edge, two sides of the alloy brazing groove 5 are respectively a cutter body base 6 formed by a front surface and a back surface of the cutter body, the alloy brazing groove 5 holds and welds the alloy layer 2, a thickness of the alloy layer 2 corresponds to a thickness of the cutting edge 3 when the alloy cutter normally works, and the thickness of the cutter body base 6 is not less than the thickness of the alloy layer 3.

According to the technical scheme, the cutter blank is welded and fixed with the alloy layer 2 by using the alloy brazing groove 5, and then the cutter body base layer 6 is polished to form the blade surface 4, so that the cutter can be formed. When the alloy knife works, the alloy knife cuts and chops materials in the high-speed rotating process, the cutting edge 3 is a main stress surface in the cutting and chopping process, the cutting edge surface 4 is less worn, and the cutting edge 3 is sharper, the more quickly the materials are cut and chopped, so that the lower the power consumed by mechanical equipment is, the higher the working efficiency is, and the more energy is saved by the equipment. In addition, in the working process of the cutter body 1, the cutting edge 3 is abraded to a certain extent, the cutting edge surface 4 is also abraded, and the abrasion resistance of the cutting edge 3 is far better than that of the cutting edge surface 4 because the cutting edge is made of alloy. Meanwhile, the cut materials (straws) can be pushed to two sides to be separated under the action of the alloy knife, so that the friction force of the blade surface 4 is small. The normal work loss of the blade face 4 can make the edge side of the alloy layer 2 always protrude out of the knife body 1 to form the blade peak 3, so that the blade part of the knife body 1 always keeps the same working state as a new knife, the trouble that the blade peak 3 of the existing knife is easy to wear and needs to be grinded and repaired is avoided, the shutdown maintenance is avoided, and the working efficiency and the economic benefit of the agricultural machine are further improved.

The depth of the alloy brazing groove 5 is smaller than the width of the alloy layer 2.

Due to the arrangement, a small part of the welded alloy layer 2 protrudes out of the cutter body base layer 6 to form a blade edge, so that the workload of grinding the cutter blank can be effectively reduced.

The width of the alloy brazing groove 5 is not less than the thickness of the cutting edge peak 3 when the alloy cutter works normally.

With the arrangement, the thickness of the alloy layer 2 welded in the alloy groove is the same as that of the alloy knife in normal operation, so that the cutting edge 3 of the alloy knife is kept sharp all the time in operation.

The thickness of the alloy layer 2 is the same as the thickness of the blade edge required by the alloy knife in normal operation.

Referring to fig. 4, the corners of the cutter body base layer 6 are chamfered.

By the arrangement, the workload of polishing the cutter body base layer 6 in the later period is reduced. In order to guarantee the welding effect, the guide angle is arranged, so that the edge of the cutter body base layer 6 has a certain thickness, and welding is facilitated.

The shapes of the cutter body base layers 6 on the two sides of the alloy layer 2 are completely the same.

Due to the arrangement, the cutter body base layers 6 on the two sides can conveniently form good fixing and supporting effects on the alloy layer 2.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, two opposite side edges of the cutter body 1 are provided with cutting parts.

According to the requirements of different working scenes of the alloy cutter, a plurality of blade parts are arranged, so that the alloy cutter can work in forward rotation or reverse rotation. Or when the alloy layer 2 on one side is completely worn, the other side is switched to work. In fig. 7, one end of the knife blank is a mounting fixing end. The mounting fixed end is provided with a fixed screw hole.

(5) When the alloy knife works, the alloy knife generally cuts and chops materials in the high-speed rotating process, the cutting edge is a main stress surface in the cutting and chopping process, the cutting edge surface is less worn, and the sharper the cutting edge is, the faster the material is cut and chopped, so that the lower the power consumed by mechanical equipment is, the higher the working efficiency is, and the more energy is saved by the equipment. 4LBZ-145G (PRO588I-G) half-feed combine harvester for jubayan field and DR150A half-feed combine harvester for Wobo field, the existing cutter is arranged, the working efficiency is about 5 mu/hour, and the oil consumption is about 12L/hour; the wheat is harvested in the field of long time protection and Wald, and when the cutter of the technical scheme is installed, the working efficiency is higher than about 5 mu/hour (about 5.2 mu/hour), and the oil consumption of 5 mu is about 11.5 liters; the cutter can save oil by about 0.5 liter when the same workload is finished by 5 mu, the oil consumption is saved by 4500 mu-6000 mu, the oil consumption is saved by 900 liter-1200 liter totally, and the oil cost is saved by 4500 yuan per liter of oil when 4.5 yuan per liter of oil is calculated, so that the cutter has great economic efficiency and social benefit.

The above description is only a preferred and practical embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all structural equivalents made by using the contents of the specification and drawings are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a sword blank of wear-resisting alloy sword, includes the cutter body, sets up the alloy brazing groove in cutter body rake face department, its characterized in that: the alloy brazing groove is arranged on the side face, provided with the blade edge, of the cutter body, the alloy brazing groove is arranged along the length direction of the blade portion, the two sides of the alloy brazing groove are respectively provided with a cutter body base layer formed by the front face and the back face of the cutter blank, an alloy layer is clamped and welded in the alloy brazing groove, the thickness of the alloy layer corresponds to the thickness of the blade edge when the alloy cutter normally works, and the thickness of the cutter body base layer is not smaller than the thickness of the alloy layer.

2. The blank for a wear-resistant alloy knife according to claim 1, wherein: the depth of the alloy brazing groove is smaller than the width of the alloy layer.

3. The blank for a wear-resistant alloy knife according to claim 1, wherein: the width of the alloy brazing groove is not less than the thickness of the edge peak of the alloy cutter during normal operation.

4. The blank for a wear-resistant alloy knife according to claim 2, wherein: the thickness of the alloy layer is the same as that of the blade edge required by the alloy knife in normal operation.

5. The blank for a wear-resistant alloy knife according to claim 1, wherein: the corner of the cutter body base layer is arranged as a guide angle.

6. The blank for a wear-resistant alloy knife according to claim 1, wherein: the shapes of the cutter body base layers on the two sides of the alloy layer are completely the same.

7. The blank for a wear-resistant alloy knife according to claim 1, wherein: two opposite sides of the cutter body are provided with cutting parts.