CN212059675U - Test block assembly for creep damage ultrasonic nondestructive testing - Google Patents
Test block assembly for creep damage ultrasonic nondestructive testing Download PDFInfo
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- CN212059675U CN212059675U CN202020133696.6U CN202020133696U CN212059675U CN 212059675 U CN212059675 U CN 212059675U CN 202020133696 U CN202020133696 U CN 202020133696U CN 212059675 U CN212059675 U CN 212059675U
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Abstract
The embodiment of the utility model discloses test block subassembly for creep damage ultrasonic nondestructive test, including sample group and standard group, sample group includes a plurality of creep damage test blocks, standard group includes a plurality of ageing treatment test blocks, the inside of a plurality of creep damage test blocks has the creep hole of different density and different microscopic structure degradation degree, the inside of a plurality of ageing treatment test blocks has different microscopic structure degradation degrees, and the creep damage test block that corresponds and creep damage test block have the same microscopic structure degradation degree, wherein, creep damage test block and ageing treatment test block surely get the formation for two heat-resistant steel behind the same fixed high temperature treatment. The utility model discloses the utilization does not have the standard group of creep hole and provides the standard, has the characteristic signal of highly selective response to the creep hole by two sets of test blocks for the screening and provides probably.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the utility model provides a creep damage ultrasonic nondestructive test technical field, concretely relates to test block subassembly for creep damage ultrasonic nondestructive test.
Background
In high-temperature high-pressure devices of utility boilers and chemical plants, high-temperature bearing parts (high-temperature gas/steam pipes, reaction vessels, etc.) are often designed on the basis of the creep life of the material. Normally, the ultimate failure mode for these devices with high temperature, high pressure structural materials is creep rupture. In utility boilers and chemical plants, the creep process of the refractory metal material is so slow and the amount of deformation is so small that there may not be any sign before the final fracture, which is very dangerous for the safe operation of the plant. Therefore, power plants or chemical plants often have dedicated metal supervisors to periodically evaluate the extent of creep damage to the material. The evaluation process is generally: (1) hardness method: the surface of a component which is likely to creep is subjected to hardness beating, and damage is evaluated according to the attenuation process of the hardness along with the service time of equipment; (2) surface metallographic phase: performing film-coated metallographic phase or on-site metallographic phase analysis on the surface of the equipment, and evaluating damage through the degradation degree of a microstructure; (3) cutting a pipe: when necessary, the pipe is cut and sent to a laboratory for evaluation of hardness, metallographic phase and creep acceleration tests.
The three methods can realize quantitative evaluation of creep damage to a certain extent, but each method has the following defects: (1) hardness method: the creep damage is the overall damage occurring in the material, and for thick-walled parts, the creep damage often occurs in the material at first, and the damage is in the form of creep holes, and the holes are connected to form microcracks. The evaluation of the hardness attenuation can measure the tendency of generating creep voids, but whether the voids are really formed cannot be determined, so that the evaluation of the creep damage by the hardness method is an empirical evaluation technology on the premise of fully understanding the material performance; (2) coating metallographic phase or surface metallographic phase: the method can directly and effectively judge whether the material forms creep holes or not, but can only judge the creep damage condition of the surface of the material. Since creep tends to occur preferentially in the core of the material, i.e., in the region where the three axes of stress are higher, surface evaluation is likely to result in underestimation of creep damage. (3) Cutting a pipe: pipe cutting is the most direct method for evaluating material creep damage, but the method is costly at the expense of equipment destruction. In order to improve the accuracy of the creep damage and the residual life prediction, the residual performance is often directly evaluated through a creep acceleration test, but even in the acceleration test, one sample hanging requires half to three years, which is unacceptable for many equipment users.
Many researches find that the ultrasonic wave has good signal response to material creep damage, and the engineering application prospect of the ultrasonic wave is seen by the industry. The correlation between the ultrasonic signal and the material creep process can be obtained in the conventional research results, but the basic theory research lags behind the application research, the obtained correlation is empirical, and the reproducibility of the signal change rule is poor. Many ultrasonic characteristic parameters sensitive to creep damage tend to respond to other characteristics in the material, such as the dislocation density in the material, the shape, size, density and the like of precipitates, and the characteristics also change along with the high-temperature service process. Thus, many studies cannot clearly describe which changes within a material the signal response of which is specifically targeted. In actual service equipment, due to differences in material production and equipment manufacturing process control, the microstructure state of the material is different, and the structure in the same pipe section may be uneven, which cannot ensure the consistency of the material in response to the ultrasonic signal during creep damage evolution. Among them, the tissue evolution process of materials with different grades and different states at high temperature has difference, which is the main reason that the signal response correlation can not be reproduced. However, the creep damage controlled by atom and vacancy diffusion has a common evolution process, namely, discretely distributed creep holes are formed near grain boundary precipitates through the vacancy diffusion process, the density of the holes is increased and communicated with each other to form micro cracks, and the micro cracks are further expanded and communicated with each other to form macro creep cracks. Therefore, the formation of the creep holes is the initial state of creep damage, the holes are the physical interfaces of the materials and vacuum, and the shapes and the distribution of the holes have no correlation with the types of the materials in a certain sense, so that the creep holes are more in engineering significance as detection targets in the development process of the ultrasonic nondestructive detection technology.
The basic theory of interaction of ultrasonic signals on the microscopic structure of the material is not perfect enough, and the current technology cannot determine characteristic parameters with selective response to holes from the theoretical level, so that the traditional characteristic parameter screening method is still the main means of technical development, but the related standard components are lacked for screening the characteristic parameters at present.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Therefore, the embodiment of the utility model provides a test block subassembly for creep damage ultrasonic nondestructive test to solve the problem that lacks relevant standard external member among the prior art and carry out the characteristic parameter screening.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiment of the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
according to the utility model discloses an aspect, a test block subassembly for creep damage ultrasonic nondestructive test, a serial communication port, the test block subassembly includes sample group and standard group, sample group includes a plurality of creep damage test blocks, and the inside of a plurality of creep damage test blocks has the creep hole of different density and different microscopic structure degradation degree, standard group includes a plurality of ageing treatment test blocks, and the inside of a plurality of ageing treatment test blocks has different microscopic structure degradation degree, wherein, a plurality of creep damage test blocks in the sample group and a plurality of ageing treatment test blocks in the standard group are the one-to-one setting, and two test blocks that correspond have the same microscopic structure degradation degree.
Further, the creep damage test block and the aging treatment test block are both formed by cutting heat-resistant steel after high-temperature service.
Furthermore, the creep damage test block and the aging treatment test block are square blocks with six faces.
Further, the creep damage test block and the aging treatment test block are 20 × 16mm in size.
Furthermore, the roughness ranges of the six surfaces of the creep damage test block and the aging treatment test block are Ra < 1.6 mu m.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a have following advantage: by arranging a test block assembly consisting of a group of sample groups and a group of standard groups, arranging a plurality of creep damage test blocks in the sample groups to have creep holes with different densities and different degradation degrees of microstructures in the test blocks, arranging a plurality of aging treatment test blocks in the standard groups to have no creep holes, but have different degradation degrees of the microstructure, and the plurality of creep damage test blocks and the plurality of aging treatment test blocks have the same degradation degree of the microstructure correspondingly, therefore, during detection, a set of standards is provided for creep damage ultrasonic detection by utilizing a plurality of aging treatment test blocks without creep holes, and then carry out ultrasonic testing to two sets of test blocks respectively under the same condition, offered the possibility for screening the characteristic signal that has highly selective response to the hole creep by two sets of test blocks to the assessment of adopting ultrasonic wave to creep damage no longer limits to the theory.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structure, ratio, size and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the content disclosed in the specification, so as to be known and read by people familiar with the technology, and are not used for limiting the limit conditions which can be implemented by the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical essential significance, and any structure modification, ratio relationship change or size adjustment should still fall within the scope which can be covered by the technical content disclosed by the present invention without affecting the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall structure diagram of a test block assembly for creep damage ultrasonic nondestructive testing provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a sample set; 11. creep damage test blocks; 2. a standard group; 21. and (6) aging the test block.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in terms of specific embodiments, and other advantages and benefits of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in FIG. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a test block assembly for creep damage ultrasonic nondestructive testing, which includes a sample group 1 and a standard group 2. The sample set 1 comprises a plurality of creep damage test blocks 11, the insides of the creep damage test blocks 11 have creep holes with different densities and different microscopic structure degradation degrees, the standard set 2 comprises a plurality of aging treatment test blocks 21, the insides of the aging treatment test blocks 21 have different microscopic structure degradation degrees, wherein the creep damage test blocks 11 in the sample set 1 and the aging treatment test blocks 21 in the standard set 2 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence mode, and the two corresponding test blocks have the same microscopic structure degradation degrees. Specifically, the creep damage test block 11 and the aging treatment test block 21 are formed by cutting two heat-resistant steels after the same fixed high-temperature treatment, so that the corresponding creep damage test block 11 and the aging treatment test block 21 have the same degradation degree of the microstructure, preferably, the heat-resistant steels can be heat-resistant steels with the model number of Gr.91, and the heat-resistant steels for preparing the creep damage test block 11 are subjected to large-scale creep treatment on a large-tonnage creep testing machine with a fixed load, so that holes are formed in the heat-resistant steels. Because the creep damage is the bulk damage of the material, the length of the propagation path of the ultrasonic wave in the material determines the magnitude of the cumulative effect of the acoustic wave response, and the edge effect of the too thin sample is more unfavorable for extracting the characteristic signal, therefore, the creep damage test block 11 and the aging treatment test block 21 are both set to be six-sided square blocks, the roughness ranges of the six surfaces are Ra < 1.6 mu m, and the sizes of the creep damage test block 11 and the aging treatment test block 21 are both 20 x 16mm, so that the test blocks have certain thickness, and the extraction of the characteristic signal can be facilitated during the ultrasonic detection.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a through setting up the test block subassembly that comprises a set of sample group 1 and a set of standard group 2, set up a plurality of creep damage test blocks 11 in the sample group 1 to its inside creep hole that has different density and different microscopic structure degradation degree, set up a plurality of ageing treatment test blocks 21 in the standard group 2 to not have the creep hole, but have different microscopic structure degradation degree, and make a plurality of creep damage test blocks 11 and a plurality of ageing treatment test blocks 21 correspond and have the same microscopic structure degradation degree, thereby when detecting, utilize a plurality of ageing treatment test blocks 21 that do not have the creep hole to provide one set of standard for creep damage's ultrasonic testing, and then carry out ultrasonic testing respectively under the same condition to two sets of test blocks, provide probably for screening the characteristic signal that has high selectivity response to the creep hole by two sets of test blocks, so that the assessment of creep damage using ultrasound is not limited to theory.
As described above, the test block assembly for creep damage ultrasonic nondestructive testing in preparation example 1 may include the steps of:
step S1, preparing sample set 1
Selecting heat-resistant steel, performing a creep test on a large-scale creep test sample at a fixed temperature and load by using a large-tonnage creep test machine, setting the final fracture time of the material to tf (namely the creep life), stopping the test at different stages below tf, obtaining one creep test sample at each stage, accumulating creep damage of different degrees and different microscopic structure degradation degrees on the plurality of creep test samples, cutting six square blocks from the test samples to be used as creep damage test blocks 11, and controlling six surface roughness of the creep damage test blocks 11 to be below 1.6 mu m;
as described above, since the microstructure of each creep damage test block is not elongated under an optical microscope compared with the original material, the elongated structure indicates that the material is plastically deformed due to dislocation movement, the increase of dislocation density affects the response characteristics of the ultrasonic signal, and the morphology of the creep voids must be equiaxed and cannot be elongated by external load, and the creep rupture life is designed to be too short (i.e. the temperature or the load is selected to be too high), so that too much short-time plastic deformation is easily introduced into the sample, and too much non-diffusion controlled creep component is mixed into the ultrasonic signal. Therefore, tf with a sufficient length is a key for controlling the hole and the tissue morphology, in the preparation process of the sample group 1 of the embodiment, the final fracture time tf of the material is set to be not less than 5 ten thousand hours, and the experiment stop time of the terminal experiment is not less than 0.5tf, so as to reduce the phenomenon that the creep hole and the microstructure morphology of the creep damage test block 11 are elongated by the external load.
Step S2, preparation Standard group 2
Taking another part of heat-resistant steel, performing high-temperature treatment at the same temperature in the step S1, synchronously stopping the test in a plurality of material taking time stages in the step S1, obtaining a standard pattern in each stage, accumulating different microstructure degradation degrees in the plurality of standard patterns, and cutting squares with the same size as the creep damage test block 11 from the samples to be used as the aging treatment test block 21, wherein the six surface roughness of the aging treatment test block 21 are controlled to be less than 1.6 mu m, and the creep damage test block 11 and the aging treatment test block 21 in the corresponding time stages have the same microstructure degradation degree. For example: the test temperature for preparing the creep damage test block 11 is T, and the time is 0.5tf, 0.6tf, 0.7tf and 0.8tf respectively, so the test temperature for preparing the aging test block 21 should also be T, and the time should also be 0.5tf, 0.6tf, 0.7tf and 0.8tf respectively, thereby ensuring that the aging test block 21 should have the same tissue degradation characteristics as the creep damage test block 11, i.e. the only difference between the aging test block 21 and the creep damage test block 11 is that no stress is applied in the test process, and therefore the only difference between the aging test block 21 and the creep damage test block 11 in the material is that no creep holes exist.
As described above, because the test block is limited by the loading capacity of the creep testing machine (the loading capacity of the conventional creep testing machine is 3 tons and 5 tons), the thickness of most samples does not exceed 10mm, and on the other hand, the creep damage is the body damage of the material, the length of the propagation path of the ultrasonic wave inside the material determines the magnitude of the cumulative effect of the acoustic response, moreover, the edge effect of too thin samples is more unfavorable for the extraction of the characteristic signal, and the stress triaxial degree of too thin sample cores is lower, which is unfavorable for the formation of the creep holes for diffusion control, therefore, in the process of cutting the creep damage test block 11 and the aging treatment test block 21, the six-sided square block structure is cut according to the dimensions of 20 × 16mm in length, width and height, so that the extraction of the characteristic signal can be facilitated during the ultrasonic detection.
Although the invention has been described in detail with respect to the general description and the specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made based on the invention. Therefore, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a test block subassembly for creep damage ultrasonic nondestructive test, characterized in that, the test block subassembly includes sample group (1) and standard group (2), sample group (1) includes a plurality of creep damage test blocks (11), and the inside of a plurality of creep damage test blocks (11) has creep hole and the different microscopic structure degradation degree of different density, standard group (2) includes a plurality of ageing treatment test blocks (21), and the inside of a plurality of ageing treatment test blocks (21) has different microscopic structure degradation degrees, wherein, a plurality of creep damage test blocks (11) in sample group (1) and a plurality of ageing treatment test blocks (21) in standard group (2) are the one-to-one setting, and two test blocks that correspond have the same microscopic structure degradation degree.
2. The test block assembly for ultrasonic nondestructive testing of creep damage according to claim 1 wherein: the creep damage test block (11) and the aging treatment test block (21) are both formed by cutting heat-resistant steel after high-temperature service.
3. The test block assembly for ultrasonic nondestructive testing of creep damage according to claim 2 wherein: the creep damage test block (11) and the aging treatment test block (21) are square blocks with six surfaces.
4. The test block assembly for ultrasonic nondestructive testing of creep damage according to claim 3 wherein: the creep damage test block (11) and the aging treatment test block (21) are both 20-16 mm in size.
5. The test block assembly for ultrasonic nondestructive testing of creep damage according to claim 3 wherein: the roughness ranges of the six surfaces of the creep damage test block (11) and the aging treatment test block (21) are Ra < 1.6 mu m.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111141611A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-05-12 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | Test block assembly for creep damage ultrasonic nondestructive testing and preparation method thereof |
| CN115178750A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-10-14 | 航材国创(青岛)高铁材料研究院有限公司 | Titanium alloy metal phased array standard test block and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111141611A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2020-05-12 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | Test block assembly for creep damage ultrasonic nondestructive testing and preparation method thereof |
| CN115178750A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-10-14 | 航材国创(青岛)高铁材料研究院有限公司 | Titanium alloy metal phased array standard test block and preparation method thereof |
| CN115178750B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2024-02-27 | 航材国创(青岛)高铁材料研究院有限公司 | Titanium alloy metal phased array standard test block and preparation method thereof |
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