Background
The hydraulic damper of the artificial limb mainly comprises a single-rod double-acting hydraulic cylinder, three throttle valves, a one-way valve, a spring accumulator and an oil tank.
As shown in fig. 1, the conventional single-rod double-acting cylinder hydraulic damper operates as follows:
a) in stage one, the throttle valve 1 is opened, the throttle valve 2 and the throttle valve 3 are closed, and the piston rod moves downwards under the action of external force. At the moment, the single-rod double-acting hydraulic cylinder forms differential connection, hydraulic fluid passes through the throttling valve 1 from the rodless cavity, one part of the hydraulic fluid enters the rod cavity, and the hydraulic fluid and part of the hydraulic fluid enter the spring accumulator through the one-way valve; the accumulator stores energy at this stage.
b) And in the second stage, the throttle valve 1 and the throttle valve 3 are closed, the throttle valve 2 is opened, and the piston rod moves upwards under the action of external force. At the moment, hydraulic fluid in the oil tank enters the rodless cavity through the throttle valve 2, and hydraulic fluid in the rod cavity enters the spring accumulator through the one-way valve; the accumulator stores energy at this stage.
c) And stage three, closing the throttle valve 1, and opening the throttle valves 2 and 3. At the moment, high-pressure hydraulic fluid in the spring energy accumulator enters the rodless cavity through the throttle valve 3 to push the piston rod to move downwards, and the hydraulic fluid in the rodless cavity enters the oil tank through the throttle valve 2; the accumulator does work at this stage.
d) And stage four, opening the throttle valve 1 and the throttle valve 3, and closing the throttle valve 2. At the moment, the single-rod double-acting hydraulic cylinder forms differential connection, part of high-pressure hydraulic fluid in the spring accumulator enters a rod cavity through the throttle valve 3, and part of the hydraulic fluid enters a rodless cavity through the throttle valve 1. Because the area of the rodless cavity is larger than that of the oil cylinder cavity, the piston rod moves upwards; the accumulator does work at this stage.
According to the structure, the prior single-rod double-acting cylinder hydraulic damper has the following defects:
(1) the single-rod double-acting cylinder hydraulic damper is provided with three throttle valves, and three sets of devices for adjusting the opening degree or opening and closing of the throttle valves are needed, so that the hydraulic damper is bulky in structure, large in mass and high in cost. The hydraulic oil tank always needs low pressure or is communicated with the atmosphere, and the oil tank can not suck air when rotating at any angle. Therefore, the hydraulic oil tank meeting the above conditions has the advantages of complex structural design, overstaffed appearance, large mass and high cost. However, the artificial limb worn by the patient has the advantages of simple and reliable structure, small mass and low cost, which are always the priority targets.
(2) In stages three and four, i.e. the accumulator work stage, the hydraulic accumulator cannot prevent the reverse movement of the piston rod. In the field of artificial limbs, under the action of external force, a piston rod which plays a supporting role moves reversely, and accidental injury can be caused to a patient. The reverse movement here refers to the following conditions:
in the third stage, the energy accumulator does work, and the piston rod moves downwards; at this time, the piston rod is moved upward by an external force actually downward, and when the external force is larger than the driving force of the energy accumulator.
In the fourth stage, the energy accumulator works, and the piston rod moves upwards; at this time, the piston rod is moved downward by an external force actually applied upward to the piston rod when the external force is larger than the driving force of the accumulator.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The main object of the present invention is to provide a knee joint prosthesis and a hydraulic damper for an artificial limb, which solves the problems of the prior art that the hydraulic damper for an artificial limb is bulky in appearance, large in mass and high in cost.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hydraulic damper for a prosthesis, comprising: the hydraulic cylinder body is provided with a cavity, a piston and a piston rod connected with the piston are installed in the cavity, and the cavity is divided into a rod cavity and a rodless cavity by the piston; the energy accumulator is arranged on the hydraulic cylinder body, a first port of the energy accumulator is communicated with the rod cavity through a first pipeline, a first port of the energy accumulator is communicated with the rodless cavity through a second pipeline, the first pipeline comprises a first branch pipeline and a second branch pipeline which are arranged in parallel, and the second pipeline comprises a first branch pipeline and a second branch pipeline which are arranged in parallel; a first check valve provided on the first branch conduit and controlling a flow of hydraulic fluid in a direction from the accumulator to the rodless chamber, and a second check valve provided on the first branch conduit and controlling a flow of hydraulic fluid in a direction from the accumulator to the rod chamber; the first control valve is installed on the second branch pipeline, and the second control valve is installed on the second branch pipeline.
Further, the first control valve and the second control valve are both throttle valves.
Further, the second one-way valve is installed at the bottom of the rodless cavity, and the first one-way valve is installed on one side, far away from the piston rod, of the second one-way valve.
Further, the hydraulic damper for a prosthesis further includes a mounting housing fixedly mounted on an outer side wall surface of the hydraulic cylinder body, and the first control valve is mounted in the mounting housing.
Further, the second control valve is installed inside the installation housing and is arranged side by side with the first control valve.
Further, the mounting housing is fixed to the hydraulic cylinder body by a locking member or a welding method.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a knee joint prosthesis, comprising a hydraulic damper, the hydraulic damper being the above-mentioned hydraulic damper for a prosthesis.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an energy storage working method for a hydraulic damper of an artificial limb, the energy storage working method for the hydraulic damper of the artificial limb is implemented by using the above-mentioned hydraulic damper for the artificial limb, the energy storage working method for the hydraulic damper of the artificial limb includes: and (3) energy storage working stage: opening the first control valve, closing the second control valve, and compressing the piston rod by external force to realize downward movement of the piston rod; at the moment, after the hydraulic fluid in the rodless cavity passes through the first control valve, one part of the hydraulic fluid enters the rod cavity through the second one-way valve, and the rest part of the hydraulic fluid enters the energy accumulator to realize energy accumulation of the energy accumulator; in the working stage, the action direction of the external force is changed, the piston rod is stretched outwards, and the piston rod cannot extend out; working stage of doing work: closing the first control valve, opening the second control valve, allowing the high-pressure hydraulic fluid in the accumulator to pass through the first check valve and enter the rodless chamber, allowing the piston rod to move upwards, and allowing all of the hydraulic fluid in the rod chamber and the high-pressure hydraulic fluid in the accumulator to enter the rodless chamber; in the working stage, an external force opposite to the movement direction of the piston rod is applied to the piston rod, namely, the piston rod is compressed, and the piston rod cannot retract.
Use the technical scheme of the utility model, the utility model provides a hydraulic damper for artificial limb is for current single two effect jar hydraulic damper structures of pole that play, entire system does not contain the oil tank, and only has two control valves, can reduce the volume and the quality of whole attenuator, simple structure, and then reduces the utility model provides a production cost for the hydraulic damper for artificial limb.
The hydraulic damper for the artificial limb has more stable and reliable structure. The reverse movement can be completely inhibited under the action of an external force. That is, in the retraction stage of the piston rod, no matter which direction of external force is applied to the piston rod, the piston rod will not extend out; in the extension stage of the piston rod, no matter which direction of external force is applied to the piston rod, the piston rod cannot retract.
In addition to the above-described objects, features and advantages, the present invention has other objects, features and advantages. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts shall belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances for describing embodiments of the invention herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a hydraulic damper for a prosthesis is provided. The hydraulic damper for a prosthesis in this embodiment includes a hydraulic cylinder 10, an accumulator 40, a first check valve 70, a second check valve 80, a first control valve 90, and a second control valve 100.
Wherein, the hydraulic cylinder 10 is provided with a cavity, the cavity is internally provided with a piston 20 and a piston rod 30 connected with the piston 20, and after the hydraulic cylinder is assembled, the piston 20 divides the cavity into a rod cavity 12 and a rodless cavity 11; the energy accumulator 40 is mounted on the hydraulic cylinder 10, a first port of the energy accumulator 40 is communicated with the rod cavity 12 through a first pipeline 50, a first port of the energy accumulator 40 is communicated with the rodless cavity 11 through a second pipeline 60, the first pipeline 50 comprises a first branch pipeline 51 and a second branch pipeline 52 which are arranged in parallel, and the second pipeline 60 comprises a first branch pipeline 61 and a second branch pipeline 62 which are arranged in parallel; a first check valve 70 is provided on the first branch conduit 61 and controls the flow of hydraulic fluid in the direction from the accumulator 40 to the rodless chamber 11, and a second check valve 80 is provided on the first branch conduit 51 and controls the flow of hydraulic fluid in the direction from the accumulator 40 to the rod chamber 12; the first control valve 90 is installed on the second branch pipe 62, and the second control valve 100 is installed on the second branch pipe 52.
Compared with the existing single-rod double-acting cylinder hydraulic damper structure, the whole system does not comprise an oil tank, only comprises two control valves, can reduce the volume and the mass of the whole damper, is simple in structure, and further reduces the production cost of the hydraulic damper for the prosthesis in the embodiment.
In actual operation, the hydraulic damper for the artificial limb in the embodiment has an energy storage working stage and a working stage.
In particular, when the hydraulic damper for a prosthesis is in the charging phase: opening the first control valve 90, closing the second control valve 100, and compressing the piston rod 30 by external force to realize downward movement of the piston rod 30; at this time, after the hydraulic fluid in the rodless chamber 11 passes through the first control valve 90, a part of the hydraulic fluid enters the rod chamber 12 through the second check valve 80, and the rest of the hydraulic fluid enters the energy storage device 40, so that the energy storage device 40 stores energy; in the energy storage working stage, the direction of the external force action is changed, the piston rod 30 is stretched outwards, and the piston rod 30 cannot extend out.
When the hydraulic damper for the prosthesis is in the working stage of doing work: when the first control valve 90 is closed and the second control valve 100 is opened, the high-pressure hydraulic fluid in the accumulator 40 enters the rodless chamber 11 through the first check valve 70, the piston rod 30 moves upwards because the surface area of the piston 20 on the side close to the rodless chamber 11 is larger than the surface area of the piston on the side close to the piston rod 30, and all of the hydraulic fluid in the rod chamber 12 and the high-pressure hydraulic fluid in the accumulator 40 enter the rodless chamber 11; in this working phase, an external force opposite to the movement direction of the piston rod 30 is applied to the piston rod 30, i.e., the piston rod 30 is compressed, and the piston rod 30 is not retracted.
It can be seen that the hydraulic damper for a prosthesis in this embodiment is more stable and reliable in structure. The reverse movement can be completely inhibited under the action of an external force. That is, in the retraction stage of the piston rod 30, the piston rod 30 does not extend regardless of the direction of the external force applied to the piston rod 30; in the extending stage of the piston rod 30, the piston rod 30 is not retracted regardless of the direction of the external force applied to the piston rod 30.
Preferably, the first control valve 90 and the second control valve 100 in this embodiment are both throttles, which are simple in structure and facilitate the control of the hydraulic fluid inside the damper. Of course, in other embodiments of the present invention, the first control valve 90 and the second control valve 100 can be set as other types of switch valves, and any other deformation modes under the concept of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
The second check valve 80 is arranged at the bottom of the rodless cavity 11, and the first check valve 70 is arranged at one side of the second check valve 80, which is far away from the piston rod 30, so that the whole structure is more compact, and the size of the damper is further reduced.
Referring again to fig. 3, the hydraulic damper for a prosthesis in the present embodiment further includes a mounting housing 110, the mounting housing 110 being mounted on an outer side wall surface of the hydraulic cylinder 10, the first control valve 90 being mounted inside the mounting housing 110, and the second control valve 100 being mounted inside the mounting housing 110 and being arranged side by side with the first control valve 90.
In the present embodiment, the first control valve 90 and the second control valve 100 are fixed to the outer wall surface of the cylinder block 10 by the same mounting case 110, and the volume of the damper can be further reduced.
In actual assembly, the mounting housing 110 in this embodiment can be fixed on the hydraulic cylinder 10 through the locking member, and can also be fixed on the hydraulic cylinder 10 through welding, as long as the other deformation modes under the concept of the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention. Preferably, the locking member in this embodiment may be a screw, a bolt, a snap, or the like.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an energy storage working method of a hydraulic damper for a prosthesis, which is implemented by using the hydraulic damper for a prosthesis in the above embodiments.
Specifically, the energy storage working method for the hydraulic damper for the prosthesis in the embodiment includes an energy storage working stage and a working stage, and when the hydraulic damper for the prosthesis is in the energy storage working stage: opening the first control valve 90, closing the second control valve 100, and compressing the piston rod 30 by external force to realize downward movement of the piston rod 30; at this time, after the hydraulic fluid in the rodless chamber 11 passes through the first control valve 90, a part of the hydraulic fluid enters the rod chamber 12 through the second check valve 80, and the rest of the hydraulic fluid enters the energy storage device 40, so that the energy storage device 40 stores energy; in the energy storage working stage, the direction of the external force action is changed, the piston rod 30 is stretched outwards, and the piston rod 30 cannot extend out. When the hydraulic damper for the prosthesis is in the working stage of doing work: when the first control valve 90 is closed and the second control valve 100 is opened, the high-pressure hydraulic fluid in the accumulator 40 enters the rodless chamber 11 through the first check valve 70, the piston rod 30 moves upwards because the surface area of the piston 20 on the side close to the rodless chamber 11 is larger than the surface area of the piston on the side close to the piston rod 30, and all of the hydraulic fluid in the rod chamber 12 and the high-pressure hydraulic fluid in the accumulator 40 enter the rodless chamber 11; in this working phase, an external force opposite to the movement direction of the piston rod 30 is applied to the piston rod 30, i.e., the piston rod 30 is compressed, and the piston rod 30 is not retracted.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a knee joint prosthesis, the knee joint comprising a hydraulic damper for a prosthesis in the above-described embodiment.
From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:
the utility model discloses a total system for hydraulic damper of artificial limb does not contain the oil tank to the choke valve number is as few as possible.
The utility model discloses a hydraulic damper for artificial limb adopts differential connected mode to realize the single-action piston cylinder function for single pole double-acting pneumatic cylinder, is convenient for add hydro-cylinder buffer structure.
The utility model discloses a hydraulic damper for artificial limb is a hydraulic damper system. In the energy storage stage, the piston rod is compressed by external force, the piston rod retracts, and the system stores energy; in the working stage, the energy accumulator releases energy to push the piston rod to extend out.
The utility model discloses a hydraulic damper for artificial limb is under the exogenic action, and reverse motion can not appear in the piston rod. The reverse movement here refers to the following conditions: in the stage that the piston rod retracts into the oil cylinder, the piston rod is pulled outwards by external force, and cannot extend out; in the piston rod extending stage, the piston rod is compressed by external force and can not retract.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and in the case of not making a contrary explanation, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.