CN212012669U - Synchronizer for quantum key distribution system - Google Patents
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- CN212012669U CN212012669U CN202020603867.7U CN202020603867U CN212012669U CN 212012669 U CN212012669 U CN 212012669U CN 202020603867 U CN202020603867 U CN 202020603867U CN 212012669 U CN212012669 U CN 212012669U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a synchronizer for a quantum key distribution system, which comprises a sending unit, a receiving unit and a synchronizing unit, wherein the sending unit comprises a first controller and a laser, and the first controller is connected with the laser through an optical fiber; the receiving unit is connected with the first controller in the transmitting unit through an optical fiber; the delay unit is connected with the receiving unit through a delay optical fiber; the transmitting unit further comprises a first polarization beam splitter, a phase modulator, a first intensity modulator, a second intensity modulator, a third intensity modulator, an attenuator, a polarization controller, a dense wavelength division multiplexer and a circulator, wherein the output end of the laser is connected with the first polarization beam splitter through an optical fiber; the utility model discloses a cooperation between delay timer, second polarization beam splitter, sending unit and the receiving element to very big improvement the bit error rate of device, make the probably line greatly reduced that encrypted information was stolen.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a quantum information technical field especially relates to a synchronizer for quantum key distribution system.
Background
Quantum key distribution (QKD for short) ensures communication security by using quantum mechanical characteristics. It enables both parties to communicate to generate and share a random, secure key to encrypt and decrypt messages; one of the most important, and unique, properties of quantum key distribution is: if a third party attempts to eavesdrop on the password, both parties to the communication will perceive it. This property is based on the fundamental principle of quantum mechanics: any measurement of a quantum system will cause interference to the system. A third party attempting to eavesdrop on the password must somehow measure it, and these measurements can cause a noticeable anomaly. Information is transmitted through a quantum superposition state or a quantum entanglement state, and a communication system can detect whether eavesdropping exists or not; when the eavesdropping is lower than a certain standard, a key with safety guarantee can be generated; the security of quantum key distribution is based on the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, whereas traditional cryptography is based on the computational complexity of certain mathematical algorithms. Traditional cryptography cannot detect eavesdropping, and the security of the key cannot be guaranteed.
However, in the technology of the synchronization device of the existing key distribution system, the error rate of the device is often in a higher state, which greatly increases the probability of stealing the encrypted information.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and in the abstract of the specification and the title of the application to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract of the specification and the title of the application, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The utility model discloses a device error rate is higher in view of the current synchronizer who is used for quantum key distribution system of above-mentioned exists, has proposed the utility model discloses.
Therefore, the present invention is directed to a synchronization device for a quantum key distribution system.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a following technical scheme: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
the transmitting unit comprises a first controller and a laser, wherein the first controller is connected with the laser through an optical fiber;
the receiving unit is connected with the first controller in the transmitting unit through an optical fiber; and the number of the first and second groups,
and the delay unit is connected with the receiving unit through a delay optical fiber.
As a preferred aspect of the synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system of the present invention, wherein: the transmitting unit further comprises a first polarization beam splitter, a phase modulator, a first intensity modulator, a second intensity modulator, a third intensity modulator, an attenuator, a polarization controller, a dense wavelength division multiplexer and a circulator, and the output end of the laser is connected with the first polarization beam splitter through an optical fiber.
As a preferred aspect of the synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system of the present invention, wherein: the output end of the first polarization beam splitter is respectively connected with the phase modulator and the delay unit through an optical fiber and a delay optical fiber, the output end of the phase modulator is connected with the first intensity modulator through an optical fiber, and the output end of the first intensity modulator is connected with the second intensity modulator through an optical fiber.
As a preferred aspect of the synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system of the present invention, wherein: the output end of the second intensity modulator is connected with the third intensity modulator through an optical fiber, and the output end of the third intensity modulator is connected with the attenuator through an optical fiber.
As a preferred aspect of the synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system of the present invention, wherein: the output end of the attenuator is connected with the polarization controller through an optical fiber, and the output end connected with the polarization controller is connected with the dense wavelength division multiplexer through an optical fiber.
As a preferred aspect of the synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system of the present invention, wherein: the output end of the dense wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the circulator through an optical fiber, and the output end of the circulator is connected with the delay unit through the optical fiber.
As a preferred aspect of the synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system of the present invention, wherein: the receiving unit comprises a single photon detector and a second controller, and the output end of the single photon detector is connected with the second controller through an optical fiber.
As a preferred aspect of the synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system of the present invention, wherein: the single-photon detector is connected with the time delay unit through an optical fiber, and the second controller is connected with the first controller through an optical fiber.
As a preferred aspect of the synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system of the present invention, wherein: the time delay unit comprises a time delay device and a second polarization beam splitter, and the time delay device is connected with the second polarization beam splitter through a time delay optical fiber.
As a preferred aspect of the synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system of the present invention, wherein: the time delay device is connected with the attenuator through a time delay optical fiber, and the second polarization beam splitter is connected with the circulator through an optical fiber.
The utility model has the advantages that: the utility model discloses a cooperation between delay timer, second polarization beam splitter, sending unit and the receiving element to very big reduction the error rate of device, make the probably line greatly reduced that encrypted information was stolen.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the sending unit of the synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiving unit of the synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the delay unit of the synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be implemented in other ways different from the specific details set forth herein, and one skilled in the art may similarly generalize the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Furthermore, the references herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Furthermore, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings, and in the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, for convenience of illustration, the sectional view showing the device structure will not be enlarged partially according to the general scale, and the drawings are only examples, which should not limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, an overall structure diagram of a synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system is provided, and as shown in fig. 1, a synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system includes a sending unit 100, a receiving unit 200, and a delay unit 300, where the sending unit 100 is configured to send quantum states to the receiving unit 200 at random, send measurement base information of each sent quantum state to the receiving unit 200, and perform parameter estimation according to each sent quantum state and the received measurement base information to obtain an error rate; when the error rate is not greater than a preset threshold value, carrying out error correction and carrying out privacy amplification to obtain a secret key; the receiving unit 200 is configured to measure the received quantum state to obtain a measurement result, and when the bit error rate is not greater than a preset threshold, perform error correction and perform privacy amplification to obtain a secret key; the delay unit 300 generates reverberation or echo for randomly sending quantum state to the receiving unit 200 from the sending unit 100 for protection, thereby improving the error rate of the device, and greatly reducing the possibility of stealing encrypted information, specifically, the main structure of the present invention includes sending unit 100 of each quantum state to the receiving unit 200 while randomly sending quantum state, which includes a first controller 101 and a laser 102, the first controller 101 is connected with the laser 102 through an optical fiber; a receiving unit 200 for measuring the received quantum state, which is connected to the first controller 101 in the transmitting unit 100 through an optical fiber; and a delay unit 300 for generating reverberation or echo and randomly transmitting the quantum state to the receiving unit 200 from the transmitting unit 100 for protection, which is connected to the receiving unit 200 through a delay fiber.
The operation process is as follows: firstly, the sending unit 100 sends the single photon measurement base information of each quantum state to the receiving unit 200 while randomly sending the quantum state to the receiving unit 200, and performs parameter estimation according to each quantum state sent and the received measurement base information to obtain an error rate; when the error rate is not greater than a preset threshold value, carrying out error correction and carrying out privacy amplification to obtain a secret key; the receiving unit 200 is configured to measure the received quantum state to obtain a measurement result, and when the bit error rate is not greater than a preset threshold, perform error correction and perform privacy amplification to obtain a secret key; the delay unit 300 generates reverberation or echo, which is used to protect the random transmission of quantum states from the transmitting unit 100 to the receiving unit 200, thereby reducing the bit error rate of the device, and greatly reducing the possibility of stealing encrypted information.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2, this embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: the transmitting unit 100 includes a first controller 101, a laser 102, a first polarization beam splitter 103, a phase modulator 104, a first intensity modulator 105, a second intensity modulator 106, a third intensity modulator 107, an attenuator 108, a polarization controller 109, a dense wavelength division multiplexer 110, and a circulator 111, the first controller 101 controls the laser 102 to output single photons having certain quantum states by transmitting control signals while transmitting measurement basis information of the respective quantum states transmitted by the first intensity modulator 105, the second intensity modulator 106, and the third intensity modulator 107 to the receiving unit 200, the single photons of the quantum states pass through the first polarization beam splitter 103 and the phase modulator 104 to enter the first intensity modulator 105, the second intensity modulator 106, and the third intensity modulator 107, the first controller 101 performs parameter estimation on the respective quantum states transmitted by the third intensity modulator 107 and the received measurement basis information, obtaining the error rate, and further protecting the quantum-state single photons transmitted from the third intensity modulator 107 by the attenuator 108, the polarization controller 109, the dense wavelength division multiplexer 110 and the circulator 111; when the error rate is not greater than a preset threshold value, carrying out error correction and carrying out privacy amplification to obtain a secret key; specifically, the transmitting unit 100 further includes a first polarization beam splitter 103, a phase modulator 104, a first intensity modulator 105, a second intensity modulator 106, a third intensity modulator 107, an attenuator 108, a polarization controller 109, a dense wavelength division multiplexer 110, and a circulator 111, and an output end of the laser 102 is connected to the first polarization beam splitter 103 through an optical fiber; the output end of the first polarization beam splitter 103 is connected with the phase modulator 104 and the delay unit 300 through an optical fiber and a delay fiber, respectively, the output end of the phase modulator 104 is connected with the first intensity modulator 105 through an optical fiber, and the output end of the first intensity modulator 105 is connected with the second intensity modulator 106 through an optical fiber; the output end of the second intensity modulator 106 is connected with a third intensity modulator 107 through an optical fiber, and the output end of the third intensity modulator 107 is connected with an attenuator 108 through an optical fiber; the output end of the attenuator 108 is connected with a polarization controller 109 through an optical fiber, and the output end connected with the polarization controller 109 is connected with a dense wavelength division multiplexer 110 through an optical fiber; the output end of the dense wavelength division multiplexer 110 is connected to the circulator 111 through an optical fiber, and the output end of the circulator 111 is connected to the delay unit 300 through an optical fiber.
The rest of the structure is the same as in example 1.
The operation process is as follows: firstly, a first controller 101 in a sending unit 100 controls a laser 102 to output single photons with determined quantum states by sending a control signal and simultaneously sends measurement base information of each quantum state sent by a first intensity modulator 105, a second intensity modulator 106 and a third intensity modulator 107 to a receiving unit 200, the quantum states enter the first intensity modulator 105, the second intensity modulator 106 and the third intensity modulator 107 through a first polarization beam splitter 103 and a phase modulator 104, the first controller 101 performs parameter estimation on each quantum state sent by the third intensity modulator 107 and the received measurement base information, then the single photons attenuate the single photons with overlarge output amplitude in the laser as a next-stage basic single photon through an attenuator 108, the polarization controller 109 divides the single photon light into two special vertical polarization states, and the dense wavelength division multiplexer 110 enables one optical fiber to transmit multi-wavelength and a circulator 111, further protecting the quantum state single photon transmitted from the third intensity modulator 107 to obtain an error rate; when the error rate is not greater than a preset threshold value, carrying out error correction and carrying out privacy amplification to obtain a secret key; the receiving unit 200 is configured to measure the received quantum state to obtain a measurement result, and when the bit error rate is not greater than a preset threshold, perform error correction and perform privacy amplification to obtain a secret key; the delay unit 300 generates reverberation or echo, which is used to protect the random transmission of quantum states from the transmitting unit 100 to the receiving unit 200, thereby reducing the bit error rate of the device, and greatly reducing the possibility of stealing encrypted information.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 2, this embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: the receiving unit 200 includes a single-photon detector 201 and a second controller 202, the single-photon detector 201 randomly uses one of two groups of measurement bases to measure the received quantum state to obtain a measurement result, and sends the measurement result and information of the measurement base used for the received quantum state to the second controller 202; the second controller 202 is configured to send the measurement basis information used for the received quantum state to the first controller 101, and is further configured to perform parameter estimation according to the measurement result and the received measurement basis information to obtain an error rate; when the error rate is not greater than a preset threshold value, carrying out error correction and carrying out privacy amplification to obtain a secret key; specifically, the receiving unit 200 includes a single photon detector 201 and a second controller 202, and an output end of the single photon detector 201 is connected to the second controller 202 through an optical fiber; the single photon detector 201 is connected with the delay unit 300 through an optical fiber, and the second controller 202 is connected with the first controller 101 through an optical fiber.
The rest of the structure is the same as in example 2.
The operation process is as follows: firstly, a first controller 101 in a sending unit 100 controls a laser 102 to output single photons with determined quantum states by sending a control signal and simultaneously sends measurement base information of each quantum state sent by a first intensity modulator 105, a second intensity modulator 106 and a third intensity modulator 107 to a receiving unit 200, the quantum states enter the first intensity modulator 105, the second intensity modulator 106 and the third intensity modulator 107 through a first polarization beam splitter 103 and a phase modulator 104, the first controller 101 performs parameter estimation on each quantum state sent by the third intensity modulator 107 and the received measurement base information, then the single photons attenuate the single photons with overlarge output amplitude in the laser as a next-stage basic single photon through an attenuator 108, the polarization controller 109 divides the single photon light into two special vertical polarization states, and the dense wavelength division multiplexer 110 enables one optical fiber to transmit multi-wavelength and a circulator 111, further protecting the quantum state single photon transmitted from the third intensity modulator 107 to obtain an error rate; when the error rate is not greater than a preset threshold value, carrying out error correction and carrying out privacy amplification to obtain a secret key; the single-photon detector 201 in the receiving unit 200 measures the received quantum state to obtain a measurement result, and sends the measurement result and measurement base information used for the received quantum state to the second controller 202; the second controller 202 is configured to send the measurement basis information used for the received quantum state to the first controller 101, and is further configured to perform parameter estimation according to the measurement result and the received measurement basis information to obtain an error rate; when the error rate is not greater than a preset threshold value, carrying out error correction and carrying out privacy amplification to obtain a secret key; the delay unit 300 generates reverberation or echo, which is used to protect the random transmission of quantum states from the transmitting unit 100 to the receiving unit 200, thereby reducing the bit error rate of the device, and greatly reducing the possibility of stealing encrypted information.
Example 4
Referring to fig. 2, this embodiment differs from the above embodiment in that: the delay unit 300 includes a delay 301 and a second polarization beam splitter 302; specifically, the delay unit 300 includes a delay 301 and a second polarization beam splitter 302, and the delay 301 is connected to the second polarization beam splitter 302 through a delay fiber; the delay device 301 is connected to the attenuator through a delay fiber, and the second polarization beam splitter 302 is connected to the circulator 111 through a fiber.
The rest of the structure is the same as in example 3.
The operation process is as follows: firstly, a first controller 101 in a sending unit 100 controls a laser 102 to output single photons with determined quantum states by sending a control signal and simultaneously sends measurement base information of each quantum state sent by a first intensity modulator 105, a second intensity modulator 106 and a third intensity modulator 107 to a receiving unit 200, the quantum states enter the first intensity modulator 105, the second intensity modulator 106 and the third intensity modulator 107 through a first polarization beam splitter 103 and a phase modulator 104, the first controller 101 performs parameter estimation on each quantum state sent by the third intensity modulator 107 and the received measurement base information, then the single photons attenuate the single photons with overlarge output amplitude in the laser as a next-stage basic single photon through an attenuator 108, the polarization controller 109 divides the single photon light into two special vertical polarization states, and the dense wavelength division multiplexer 110 enables one optical fiber to transmit multi-wavelength and a circulator 111, further protecting the quantum state single photon transmitted from the third intensity modulator 107 to obtain an error rate; when the error rate is not greater than a preset threshold value, carrying out error correction and carrying out privacy amplification to obtain a secret key; the single-photon detector 201 in the receiving unit 200 measures the received quantum state to obtain a measurement result, and sends the measurement result and measurement base information used for the received quantum state to the second controller 202; the second controller 202 is configured to send the measurement basis information used for the received quantum state to the first controller 101, and is further configured to perform parameter estimation according to the measurement result and the received measurement basis information to obtain an error rate; when the error rate is not greater than a preset threshold value, carrying out error correction and carrying out privacy amplification to obtain a secret key; the delayer 301 in the delay unit 300 is used to protect the random transmission of the quantum state from the transmitting unit 100 to the receiving unit 200 by generating reverberation or echo and the second polarization beam splitter 302, thereby reducing the bit error rate of the device, and greatly reducing the possibility of stealing the encrypted information.
It is important to note that the construction and arrangement of the present application as shown in the various exemplary embodiments is illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters (e.g., temperatures, pressures, etc.), mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter recited in this application. For example, elements shown as integrally formed may be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements may be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of discrete elements or positions may be altered or varied. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of this invention. The order or sequence of any process or method steps may be varied or re-sequenced according to alternative embodiments. In the claims, any means-plus-function clause is intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Other substitutions, modifications, changes and omissions may be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the exemplary embodiments without departing from the scope of the present inventions. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to a particular embodiment, but extends to various modifications that nevertheless fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Moreover, in an effort to provide a concise description of the exemplary embodiments, all features of an actual implementation may not be described (i.e., those unrelated to the presently contemplated best mode of carrying out the invention, or those unrelated to enabling the invention).
It should be appreciated that in the development of any such actual implementation, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made. Such a development effort might be complex and time consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill having the benefit of this disclosure, without undue experimentation.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced with equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system, characterized by: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
a transmitting unit (100) comprising a first controller (101) and a laser (102), the first controller (101) being connected to the laser (102) by an optical fiber;
a receiving unit (200) connected to a first controller (101) in the transmitting unit (100) via an optical fiber; and the number of the first and second groups,
a delay unit (300) connected to the receiving unit (200) by a delay fiber.
2. The synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system according to claim 1, wherein: the transmitting unit (100) further comprises a first polarization beam splitter (103), a phase modulator (104), a first intensity modulator (105), a second intensity modulator (106), a third intensity modulator (107), an attenuator (108), a polarization controller (109), a dense wavelength division multiplexer (110) and a circulator (111), and the output end of the laser (102) is connected with the first polarization beam splitter (103) through an optical fiber.
3. The synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system according to claim 2, wherein: the output end of the first polarization beam splitter (103) is connected with the phase modulator (104) and the delay unit (300) through an optical fiber and a delay optical fiber respectively, the output end of the phase modulator (104) is connected with the first intensity modulator (105) through an optical fiber, and the output end of the first intensity modulator (105) is connected with the second intensity modulator (106) through an optical fiber.
4. A synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system according to claim 3, wherein: the output end of the second intensity modulator (106) is connected with the third intensity modulator (107) through an optical fiber, and the output end of the third intensity modulator (107) is connected with the attenuator (108) through an optical fiber.
5. The synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system according to claim 4, wherein: the output end of the attenuator (108) is connected with the polarization controller (109) through an optical fiber, and the output end connected with the polarization controller (109) is connected with the dense wavelength division multiplexer (110) through an optical fiber.
6. The synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system according to claim 5, wherein: the output end of the dense wavelength division multiplexer (110) is connected with the circulator (111) through an optical fiber, and the output end of the circulator (111) is connected with the delay unit (300) through an optical fiber.
7. A synchronisation device for a quantum key distribution system according to any of claims 5 or 6, characterised in that: the receiving unit (200) comprises a single photon detector (201) and a second controller (202), and the output end of the single photon detector (201) is connected with the second controller (202) through an optical fiber.
8. The synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system according to claim 7, wherein: the single-photon detector (201) is connected with the time delay unit (300) through an optical fiber, and the second controller (202) is connected with the first controller (101) through an optical fiber.
9. The synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system according to claim 8, wherein: the time delay unit (300) comprises a time delay device (301) and a second polarization beam splitter (302), wherein the time delay device (301) is connected with the second polarization beam splitter (302) through a time delay optical fiber.
10. The synchronization apparatus for a quantum key distribution system according to claim 9, wherein: the delayer (301) is connected with the attenuator (108) through a delay optical fiber, and the second polarization beam splitter (302) is connected with the circulator (111) through an optical fiber.
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| CN114629563A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-06-14 | 浙江九州量子信息技术股份有限公司 | Polarization multiplexing quantum key distribution device and full-time full-pass quantum key distribution network |
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| CN114629563A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-06-14 | 浙江九州量子信息技术股份有限公司 | Polarization multiplexing quantum key distribution device and full-time full-pass quantum key distribution network |
| CN114629563B (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-08-16 | 浙江九州量子信息技术股份有限公司 | Polarization multiplexing quantum key distribution device and full-time full-pass quantum key distribution network |
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Granted publication date: 20201124 |