CN211999099U

CN211999099U - Reverse osmosis water making equipment capable of automatically adjusting temperature

Info

Publication number: CN211999099U
Application number: CN202020159927.0U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵玉文
Original assignee: Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology
Current assignee: Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology
Priority date: 2020-02-10
Filing date: 2020-02-10
Publication date: 2020-11-24
Anticipated expiration: 2030-02-10

Abstract

The utility model discloses a reverse osmosis water making equipment capable of automatically adjusting temperature, which comprises a water supply pump, a multi-medium filter, a precision filter, a security filter, a high-pressure pump and a reverse osmosis membrane assembly which are sequentially connected through pipelines, wherein the pure water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly is respectively connected with a pure water valve and a cleaning box through a pipeline, the concentrated water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly is respectively connected with the cleaning box and a concentrated water valve through an electric two-way valve, and the cleaning box is connected on the inlet pipeline of the high-pressure pump through a cleaning pipeline; connect gradually heat exchanger and heater on the pipeline between security personnel's filter and the high-pressure pump, the hot water import and the hot water exit linkage of heat exchanger are on the pipeline between electronic two-way valve one and the dense water valve, the utility model discloses a but equipment automatically regulated sea water temperature improves the quantity and the quality of making water to but automatic regulating system operating pressure adjusts the water making volume, self-cleaning reverse osmosis membrane module and many medium filter.

Description

Reverse osmosis water making equipment capable of automatically adjusting temperature

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a sea water system fresh water equipment, in particular to reverse osmosis water making equipment capable of automatically adjusting temperature.

Background

Fresh water is very important for ships, and the fresh water generator is needed to meet the requirements of fresh water, and the fresh water produced by the fresh water generator can meet the normal living needs of people and the operation needs of equipment; fresh water produced by the water generator can also increase the endurance of the ship, save expenses and provide essential conditions for global operation of the ship.

The seawater temperature required by the reverse osmosis water making machine is 0.5-45 ℃, the water making quantity of the reverse osmosis water making machine is different according to different seawater temperatures, but the water making is more appropriate and the water making quantity is higher when the temperature is about 25 ℃. Therefore, when the water generator operates in cold polar regions or water areas with the seawater temperature lower than 5 ℃, the water generation amount can be influenced, and the water generation performance of the equipment is reduced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a but reverse osmosis water making equipment of automatically regulated temperature to but reach automatically regulated sea water temperature, improve the purpose of making water yield.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

a reverse osmosis water making device capable of automatically adjusting temperature comprises a water supply pump, a multi-media filter, a precision filter, a security filter, a high-pressure pump and a reverse osmosis membrane assembly which are sequentially connected through pipelines, wherein a pure water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly is respectively connected with a pure water valve and a cleaning box through a pipeline, a concentrated water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly is respectively connected with the cleaning box and the concentrated water valve through an electric two-way valve, and the cleaning box is connected to an inlet pipeline of the high-pressure pump through a cleaning pipeline; and a hot water inlet and a hot water outlet of the heat exchanger are connected to a pipeline between the first electric two-way valve and the concentrated water valve. In the scheme, a salinity sensor and a temperature sensor I are arranged on a water inlet pipeline of the water supply pump, a pressure sensor is arranged on a pipeline between the reverse osmosis membrane module and the electric two-way valve I, a flow sensor is arranged on a pipeline at an outlet of the pure water valve, a temperature sensor II is arranged on a pipeline between the high-pressure pump and the reverse osmosis membrane module, the salinity sensor, the temperature sensor I, the pressure sensor, the flow sensor and the temperature sensor II are all in signal connection with the PLC, and the PLC controls the electric two-way valve I, the heat exchanger and the heater to act.

In the above scheme, the heat exchanger is connected to the front end of the cleaning pipeline, and the heater is connected to the rear end of the cleaning pipeline.

In the scheme, a first discharge pipeline is arranged on a pipeline between the high-pressure pump and the reverse osmosis membrane assembly, and a safety valve is arranged on the first discharge pipeline.

In the scheme, a conductivity meter is arranged on a pipeline between the reverse osmosis membrane module and the pure water valve.

In the above scheme, the pure water valve is an electric three-way valve, the inlet of the pure water valve is connected with the reverse osmosis membrane module, the outlet of the pure water valve is connected with the flow sensor, and the outlet of the pure water valve is connected with the concentrated water valve through the check valve I.

In the above scheme, a second discharge pipeline is arranged on the multimedia filter, and the second discharge pipeline is connected with the concentrated water valve.

In the above scheme, an inlet filter is arranged on the water inlet pipeline at the front end of the salinity sensor, and the first temperature sensor is arranged at the front end of the inlet filter.

In the scheme, a first water inlet valve is arranged on a pipeline between the security filter and the high-pressure pump, a second water inlet valve is arranged on a pipeline between a pure water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly and the cleaning tank, a first electric ball valve is arranged on a pipeline between the first electric two-way valve and the cleaning tank, a second electric ball valve and a second check valve are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the first electric two-way valve and the concentrated water valve, and a cleaning valve is arranged on the cleaning pipeline.

In the above scheme, the bottom of the cleaning box is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port is provided with a relief valve.

Through the technical scheme, the utility model provides a but reverse osmosis of automatically regulated temperature makes water equipment can be according to temperature, salinity, data such as pressure that each sensor recorded, through opening and closing of PLC control heat exchanger and heater to and the action of electronic two-way valve one, make the sea water that gets into in the reverse osmosis membrane subassembly reach suitable temperature, improve the work efficiency of reverse osmosis membrane subassembly, make the water yield not receive the influence of sea water temperature, can keep relatively stable water yield.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a reverse osmosis water making device capable of automatically adjusting temperature according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-media filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a partial structural schematic diagram of a heat exchanger;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a heater in partial structure.

In the figure, 1, a water supply pump; 2. a multi-media filter; 3. a precision filter; 4. a cartridge filter; 5. a high pressure pump; 6. a reverse osmosis membrane module; 7. a pure water valve; 8. a cleaning tank; 9. the electric two-way valve I; 10. a salinity sensor; 11. a pressure sensor; 12. a flow sensor; 13. a first discharge pipeline; 14. a safety valve; 15. a concentrate valve; 16. a conductivity meter; 17. a fresh water compartment; 18. a second discharge pipeline; 19. an inlet filter; 20. a first water inlet valve; 21. a second water inlet valve; 22. a first electric ball valve; 23. a second electric ball valve; 24. a first check valve; 25. a second check valve; 26. cleaning the valve; 27. a relief valve; 28. a check valve III; 29. a heat exchanger; 30. a heater; 31. a first temperature sensor; 32. a second temperature sensor; 33. an electric two-way valve II; 34. a check valve V; 35. a check valve six; 36. a check valve seven; 37. a check valve eighth; 38. a check valve nine; 39. a check valve ten; 40. a check valve eleven; 41. a check valve twelve; 42. a check valve IV; 43. an electric two-way valve III; 44. and (5) cleaning the pipeline.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

The utility model provides a but reverse osmosis water making equipment of automatically regulated temperature, as shown in figure 1, including the working shaft 1 that loops through the tube coupling, multi-media filter 2, precision filter 3, safety filter 4, high-pressure pump 5 and reverse osmosis membrane subassembly 6, the pure water export of reverse osmosis membrane subassembly 6 passes through the pipeline and connects pure water valve 7 respectively and washs case 8, the dense water export of reverse osmosis membrane subassembly 6 connects respectively through electronic two-way valve 9 and washs case 8 and dense water valve 15, washs case 8 and connects on the import pipeline of high-pressure pump 5 through wasing pipeline 44. And a heat exchanger 29 and a heater 30 are sequentially connected to a pipeline between the cartridge filter 4 and the high-pressure pump 5, and a hot water inlet and a hot water outlet of the heat exchanger 29 are connected to a pipeline between the electric two-way valve I9 and the concentrated water valve 15. A salinity sensor 10 and a first temperature sensor 31 are arranged on a water inlet pipeline of the water supply pump 1, a pressure sensor 11 is arranged on a pipeline between the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6 and the first electric two-way valve 9, a flow sensor 12 is arranged on a pipeline at an outlet of the pure water valve 7, and a second temperature sensor 32 is arranged on a pipeline between the high-pressure pump 5 and the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6. The salinity sensor 10, the first temperature sensor 31, the pressure sensor 11, the flow sensor 12 and the second temperature sensor 32 are in signal connection with a PLC (programmable logic controller), and the PLC controls the first electric two-way valve 9, the second electric two-way valve 33 and the third electric two-way valve 43 to act.

A first discharge pipeline 13 is arranged on a pipeline between the high-pressure pump 5 and the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6, and a safety valve 14 is arranged on the first discharge pipeline 13.

The pure water valve 7 is an electric three-way valve, an inlet of the pure water valve 7 is connected with the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6, an outlet of the pure water valve 7 is connected with the flow sensor 12, and an outlet two-way of the pure water valve 7 is connected with the concentrated water valve 15 through the check valve I24.

A conductivity meter 16 is arranged on a pipeline between the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6 and the pure water valve 7. The conductivity meter 16 is used to detect the PPM value of the produced fresh water. When the PPM value of the produced fresh water is less than or equal to 700, the produced fresh water passes through the reverse osmosis membrane component 6, passes through the pure water valve 7, the flow sensor 12 and the check valve III 28, and is sent to the fresh water cabin 17; when the PPM value of the produced fresh water is more than or equal to 700PPM, the pure water valve 7 is communicated with the outboard, and the unqualified water is discharged out of the outboard through the check valve I24 and the concentrated water valve 15.

And a second discharge pipeline 18 is arranged on the multimedia filter 2, and the second discharge pipeline 18 is connected with the concentrated water valve 15 and is used for flushing the multimedia filter 2.

An inlet filter 19 is arranged on the water inlet pipeline at the front end of the salinity sensor 10, and preliminary filtration is carried out before seawater enters the system.

A first water inlet valve 20 is arranged on a pipeline between the security filter 4 and the high-pressure pump 5, a second water inlet valve 21 is arranged on a pipeline between a pure water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6 and the cleaning tank 8, a first electric ball valve 22 is arranged on a pipeline between the first electric two-way valve 9 and the cleaning tank 8, a second electric ball valve 23 and a second check valve 25 are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the first electric two-way valve 9 and the concentrated water valve 15, and a cleaning valve 26 is arranged on a cleaning pipeline 44.

The bottom of the washing tank 8 is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port is provided with a relief valve 27 for emptying and cleaning the washing tank 8.

The utility model discloses a reverse osmosis water making equipment divide into four kinds of modes: a water production mode, a reverse osmosis membrane module cleaning mode, a multi-media filter cleaning mode and a shutdown mode.

Water production mode

The seawater passes through the inlet filter 19 and enters the suction port of the water supply pump 1; the seawater is pumped into a multi-media filter 2 by a water supply pump 1, and impurities with the diameter larger than 25 mu carried in the seawater are roughly filtered by the multi-media filter 2; the filtered seawater enters a precision filter 3; the precision filter 3 can further filter the seawater, remove impurities more than 10 mu in the seawater, remove the impurities more than 3-5 u in the seawater through the safety filter 4, further remove small particle impurities in the water, and aim to prevent particles in the water from entering the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6 and damaging the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6 and ensure the normal operation of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6. The seawater after passing through the cartridge filter 4 enters the high-pressure pump 5, enters the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6 after being pressurized by the high-pressure pump 5, is physically separated, fresh water molecules can pass through the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6, and impurities in the seawater, such as inorganic salts, heavy metal ions, organic matters, colloids, bacteria, viruses and the like, cannot pass through the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6 and cannot pass through the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6, are finally throttled by the electric two-way valve I9 and then are discharged to the outside through the electric ball valve II 23, the check valve II 25 and the thick water valve 15. The opening degree of the electric two-way valve I9 is adjusted so as to control the reverse osmosis pressure and the quality and quantity of the produced fresh water. After the water in the seawater passes through the reverse osmosis membrane module 6 is changed into fresh water, the fresh water passes through the pure water valve 7 and the check valve III 28 and then enters the fresh water cabin 17.

Due to the setting of the program, fresh water which is produced and is lower than 700PPM just after the equipment is started enters the cleaning box 8 after passing through the second water inlet valve 21, the second water inlet valve 21 is closed after the cleaning box 8 reaches the set liquid level, the pure water valve 7 starts to act, and at the moment, the inlet of the pure water valve is communicated with the first outlet of the pure water valve and then enters the fresh water cabin 17 through the third check valve 28. However, when the equipment is just started, PPM is more than or equal to 700, at the moment, the water inlet valve II 21 is kept closed, the inlet of the pure water valve is communicated with the outlet of the pure water valve II, and the exhaust is kept out, so that the phenomenon that the cleaning effect of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6 is reduced due to the fact that seawater enters the cleaning box 8 is avoided.

The high pressure pump can generate high pressure less than or equal to 6.5MPA, the normal working pressure range of the system is 4.5-6.5MPA, and only if the pressure range is maintained, the required fresh water can overcome the resistance of the reverse osmosis membrane component 6 and is separated from the fresh water to become the fresh water suitable for use. In order to achieve a working pressure of 4.5-6.5MPA, the electric two-way valve one 9 needs to be adjusted as follows:

1. when the salinity is greater than 35% in the sea area, salinity sensor 10 will detect contains salt concentration signal and transmit to PLC, PLC is greater than the setting value according to the actual value that contains salt concentration, automatic selection "pressure" control. The PLC automatically adjusts the pressure of the electric two-way valve I9 according to a pressure set value of the system and an actually measured pressure value signal, and controls the opening degree and the sensitivity of the electric two-way valve I9 by using a flow signal measured by the flow sensor 12 as a feedback signal.

And a pressure sensor 11 is arranged in front of the electric two-way valve I9, and the measured pressure is the working pressure of the system. The PLC is used for analyzing and comparing the measured pressure signal with a set pressure signal and then sending a signal to control the action of the electric two-way valve I9 so as to adjust the working pressure of the system. After the reverse osmosis water making equipment is started, before the electric two-way valve I9 does not act, the working pressure of the system is zero, the fresh water making seawater cannot overcome the resistance of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6 and enters the fresh water side, so the reverse osmosis water making equipment cannot generate fresh water, the water inlet valve II 21 and the cleaning valve 26 are in a closed state at the moment, and the fresh water making seawater which does not pass through the reverse osmosis membrane passes through the electric two-way valve I9, the electric ball valve II 23, the check valve II 25 and the thick water valve 15 and is discharged to the outside. In order to produce fresh water, external force is applied to the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6, the magnitude of pressure acting on the membrane is different according to the material and the process of the membrane, the magnitude of the applied external force is generally between 4.5 and 6.5MPA, and the fresh water is produced after the fresh water passes through the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6 within the pressure range. The reverse osmosis membrane module 6 generally bears the maximum working pressure of less than 1000PSI, and if the maximum working pressure is greater than 1000PSI, the membranes are tightly bound, so that the permeability of the membranes is reduced.

Under the control of the PLC program, when the 'system' keeps the working pressure to be zero, after 10 minutes of operation, the residual components in the 'system' are discharged to the outside after being washed by clean fresh seawater which does not pass through the reverse osmosis membrane module. The program then enters the desalination mode to satisfy the applied force of 4.5-6.5MPA required for desalination. And slowly closing the electric two-way valve I9 under the control of the PLC to adjust the pressure. When the working pressure is automatically adjusted to the set pressure of 4.5MPA, in order to protect the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6, the PLC temporarily stops the valve closing action of the electric two-way valve I9, and after the set time is 2 minutes, the PLC compares the flow feedback signal of the flow sensor 12 received at the moment with the set flow (calculated according to the rated water yield of the equipment, if the rated water yield is 15T/D, the set flow is 0.625M³After the signal comparison, if the flow set value is reached, the PLC controls the first electric two-way valve 9 to stop the valve closing action; if the set flow value is not reached, the PLC enables the electric two-way valve I9 to continuously and slowly execute valve closing action until the set flow value is reached.If the set flow value is not reached, the first electric two-way valve 9 cannot be completely closed, and when the maximum pressure set value is 6.5MPA, the PLC enables the first electric two-way valve 9 to stop valve closing action, so that the safety of a system is ensured, and the damage of a reverse osmosis membrane caused by overlarge pressure of the system is prevented. The PLC is completed under the combined action of two feedback signals in the control process of the electric two-way valve I9, wherein one feedback signal is a flow signal of the flow sensor 12; one is a pressure signal of the pressure sensor 11, and the two feedback signals are analyzed by the PLC to accurately control the electric two-way valve I9.

2. When the salinity is less than 35% of the sea area, the salinity sensor 10 transmits the detected salinity signal to the PLC, and the PLC automatically selects the flow control according to the condition that the actual value of the measured salinity is less than the set value. When the flow is controlled, the electric two-way valve I9 mainly acts according to a flow signal and a flow signal of a flow sensor 12 arranged behind the pure water valve 7; and secondly, the pressure signal of a pressure sensor 11 arranged in front of the electric two-way valve I9 assists control.

When the working pressure is zero, the outlet of the pure water valve is closed, the flow signal detected by the flow sensor 12 is zero, the PLC cannot control according to the flow signal of the flow sensor 12, and the PLC can only complete the valve closing action of the electric two-way valve I9 by means of the pressure signal of the pressure sensor 11. The pressure signal control continues until a flow signal is generated at the flow sensor 12 as soon as the pure water valve outlet is opened.

Before the flow sensor 12 does not detect a flow signal, the PLC controls the first electric two-way valve 9 temporarily according to the pressure signal detected by the pressure sensor 11, fresh water produced by the reverse osmosis membrane component 6 passes through the second water inlet valve 21 under the control of a program, the second water inlet valve 21 is closed after the water level of the cleaning tank 8 is filled to a set value, the second pure water valve outlet is closed, the first pure water valve outlet is opened, the flow sensor 12 detects the flow signal, the flow signal is transmitted to the PLC, and the PLC starts to control according to the flow signal. And under the control of a flow signal of the PLC, the first electric two-way valve 9 performs slow valve closing action to regulate the flow and finally reach a set flow value.

In the flow regulation process, the pressure signal of the pressure sensor 11 is a feedback signal, the pressure in front of the electric two-way valve I9 can be monitored, the detected pressure signal is fed back to the PLC continuously, and the flow signal is prevented from excessively regulating the valve closing action of the electric two-way valve I9 (the working pressure is greater than 6.5MPA), so that the problem of tight bundle is caused, and the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6 is damaged.

If the actual flow rate does not reach the set value of the rated flow rate yet and the pressure reaches the maximum pressure set value of 6.5MPA in the flow rate adjusting process, the PLC immediately sends a signal to enable the electric two-way valve I9 to rapidly stop the valve closing action, and the damage to equipment caused by overlarge working pressure is avoided.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the working principle of the heat exchanger and the heater is as follows:

in cold water, in order to save energy, the concentrated water passing through the reverse osmosis membrane module 6 passes through the electric two-way valve one 9 and then passes through the check valve five 34, the heat exchanger 29 and the check valve six 35 without being directly discharged to the outside, and then exchanges heat with the desalinated seawater from the inlet of the high-pressure pump 5 in the heat exchanger 29. After the heat exchange between the concentrated water and the fresh seawater in the heat exchanger 29, the concentrated water is discharged to the outside of the ship after passing through the check valve II 25 and the concentrated water valve 15; the desalinated seawater enters the heat exchanger 29 after passing through the check valve eighth 37, returns to the main pipeline after passing through the check valve seventh 36 after heat exchange, and enters the heater 30 after being preheated through the check valve eleventh 40. In the heater 30, heat exchange is performed with a heat source provided by the outside, then the heat exchange liquid enters the inlet of the high-pressure pump 5 through the check valve twelve 41, and then the heat exchange liquid is transferred into the reverse osmosis membrane module 6 through the high-pressure pump 5 to be desalinated, and finally applicable fresh water is produced. Wherein, the inlet of the reverse osmosis membrane component 6 is provided with a second temperature sensor 32 which is used for transmitting a detected temperature signal to the PLC, the set temperature (25 +/-5 ℃) in the PLC is compared with the actual temperature of the inlet of the reverse osmosis membrane component 6, and then the opening degree of the electric two-way valve two 33 and the opening degree of the electric two-way valve three 43 are controlled, so that the desalinated seawater is kept in a proper temperature range, and high-quality and high-quantity fresh water is produced.

And the PLC compares the actual temperature signal value measured by the temperature sensor II 32 with a set value and sends a signal to control the actions of the electric two-way valve II 33 and the electric two-way valve III 43. The action of the electric two-way valve II 33 is controlled to control whether the concentrated water passing through the reverse osmosis membrane component 6 enters the heat exchanger 29 or is directly discharged to the outside of the ship so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the proper temperature of the fresh-water making seawater; the amount of heat energy entering the heater 30 from an external heat source is controlled by controlling the action of the electric two-way valve three 43, so that the desalinated seawater is controlled within a proper temperature range. The heater 30 may be an electric heating method, or an external cylinder liner water or steam circulation heating method. If the electric heating mode is adopted for heating, an electric heating coil is required to be arranged in the heater 30 to heat the fresh seawater; if the heating mode is an external cylinder liner water or steam circulating heating mode, the cylinder liner water or steam provided by the outside enters the heater 30 for heat exchange after passing through the electric two-way valve three 43, and the cylinder liner water or steam after heat exchange flows back to the original system after passing through the check valve four 42; the fresh water heated by the heater 30 passes through the check valve twelve 41, enters the inlet of the high pressure pump 5, and then enters the reverse osmosis membrane module 6 to generate fresh water.

In order to achieve the accuracy of controlling the temperature of the fresh water, a first temperature sensor 31 is additionally arranged in front of the inlet filter 19, and the purpose of additionally arranging the first temperature sensor 31 is as follows: when the reverse osmosis water making equipment works under different seawater temperature conditions, the temperature control of the fresh seawater is more accurate. When the temperature of the seawater entering the apparatus is detected, the PLC may select whether the heater 30 is used or not according to the detected temperature of the desalinated seawater. Because the temperature of the fresh seawater is about (25 +/-5 ℃).

If the temperature sensor I31 detects the temperature of the fresh water making seawater, when the temperature of the fresh water making seawater is more than or equal to 25 ℃ and less than or equal to 40 ℃, the quality and quantity of the produced fresh water are within the rated water yield range of reverse osmosis water making, the temperature of the fresh water making seawater can be properly increased or not increased; if the temperature of the fresh water is to be increased, the control of the set program of the PLC at this time should be comprehensively controlled according to the temperature signal of the second temperature sensor 32 and the flow signal of the flow sensor 12, so as to ensure the quantity and quality of the produced fresh water.

If the temperature of the desalinated seawater detected by the temperature sensor I31 is less than or equal to 20 ℃, the temperature sensor I31 transmits a measured actual temperature signal value to the PLC, the PLC needs to increase the temperature of the desalinated seawater after comprehensively analyzing and comparing the actual value with a set value, and at the moment, the PLC firstly enables the electric two-way valve II 33 to close. If the temperature reaches the set value after the action of the electric two-way valve two 33, the heater 30 does not need to be put into operation, namely the electric two-way valve three 43 keeps the closed state. As long as the electric two-way valve two 33 acts, the requirement of the temperature set value can be met, and the PLC can control the electric two-way valve two 33 so as to achieve the temperature required by the desalination of seawater without acting the electric two-way valve three 43; if the temperature of the desalinated seawater still does not reach the set value after the electric two-way valve two 33 is completely closed, the heater 30 needs to be put into operation. The PLC sends a signal to open the electric two-way valve three 43 to increase the heat in the heater 30 to make the temperature of the desalinated seawater reach 25 +/-5 ℃, and then the PLC controls the final opening of the electric two-way valve three 43 according to the actual flow and temperature signals detected by the flow sensor 12 and the temperature sensor two 32. That is, the operation of the electric two-way valve three 43 is realized by the mutual feedback action of the temperature sensor two 32 and the flow sensor 12.

In the reverse osmosis water generator, the heat exchanger 29 plays a role of auxiliary heat supply, fully utilizes the waste heat of concentrated water to be discharged to the outside, saves energy, and preheats fresh seawater entering the heater 30, thereby reducing the occurrence of scaling in the heater 30.

In summary, the final brackish water temperature is determined according to the actual amount and quality of brackish water, i.e. the actual flow and conductivity (700PPM), so within the program set-up the final brackish water temperature is limited by both amount and quality feedback signals.

The heat exchanger 29 and the heater 33 are two interconnected modules, and the heat exchanger and the heater need to be coordinated together to realize constant temperature and maximum water yield of the fresh seawater.

Automatic cleaning mode of reverse osmosis membrane module

The cleaning mode of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6 comprises two parts of flushing and circulating:

the 'flushing' mode of the reverse osmosis membrane component 6 is mainly used for short shutdown at each time, if the system is in an 'automatic' state, the 'operation' switch is placed in a 'flushing' position, the system automatically closes the first water inlet valve 20, opens the cleaning valve 26, and the first electric two-way valve 9 and the second electric ball valve 23 are in an open state under the control of the PLC. And then, after a system starting button is pressed, the high-pressure pump 5 is automatically started, so that the fresh water in the cleaning tank 8 passes through the cleaning valve 26, then enters the inlet of the high-pressure pump 5, enters the reverse osmosis membrane component 6 from the outlet of the high-pressure pump 5, passes through the electric two-way valve I9, the electric ball valve II 23 and the check valve II 25, and finally is discharged out of the board through the concentrated water valve 15. The purpose of the flushing is: fresh water in the cleaning box 8 is utilized to wash out seawater in the pipeline and the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6 so as to protect the high-pressure pump 5 and the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6 from being corroded by seawater when the machine is stopped for a short time. When the liquid level in the cleaning tank 8 reaches a set value of low liquid level, the system automatically stops running, the system switch is placed at the middle stop position, and the washing is finished.

Due to the setting of the program, after the system stops operating, under the control of the PLC, in order to prevent the damage of the high-pressure pump 5 caused by the idle running of the high-pressure pump 5, the high-pressure pump 5 stops operating firstly, then the first water inlet valve 20 is opened, the cleaning valve 26 is closed, and the opening states of the first electric two-way valve 9 and the second electric ball valve 23 are kept, so that the system is ready for the next normal starting or circulating cleaning mode.

The "circulation" mode of the reverse osmosis membrane module 6 is primarily used for long periods of down time. If the machine is stopped for a long time and protective liquid needs to be added into the cleaning box 8, before the circular cleaning is started, the system is firstly operated under the control of a set program in a 'flushing' mode to flush the reverse osmosis membrane module 6 and seawater in the pipeline (the flushing process is the same as the above). When the system is in an automatic state, the operation switch is arranged at a circulating position, and under the setting of a program, the PLC closes the first water inlet valve 20 and opens the cleaning valve 26; closing the electric ball valve II 23 and opening the electric ball valve I22; and keeping the opening position of the electric two-way valve one 9. After a system starting button is pressed, the high-pressure pump 5 is automatically started firstly, so that cleaning water with protective liquid in the cleaning tank 8 enters an inlet of the high-pressure pump 5 after passing through a cleaning valve 26, then enters the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6 from an outlet of the high-pressure pump 5, and flows back to the cleaning tank 8 through the electric two-way valve I9 and the electric ball valve I22 to form circulating flow among the cleaning tank 8, the cleaning valve 26, the high-pressure pump 5, the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6, the electric two-way valve I9, the electric ball valve I22 and the cleaning tank 8. The circulation cleaning time may be determined according to the contamination of the reverse osmosis membrane module 6, and the circulation cleaning time is set to 10 minutes in a general program. If the pollution is serious, the reverse osmosis membrane component 6 can be further cleaned by an intermittent circulation cleaning method. After the cyclic cleaning is finished, the 'operation' switch is placed at the 'cyclic stop' position, then the 'system' switch is placed at the middle stop position, and the cyclic cleaning operation is finished. The drain valve 27 at the bottom of the cleaning tank 8 is opened, and the protective liquid after cleaning is discharged from the cleaning tank 8.

Under the control of the PLC, after the operation switch is placed at the circulation stop position, the operation of the high-pressure pump 5 is stopped firstly, then the cleaning valve 26 is closed, and the first water inlet valve 20 is opened; closing the first electric ball valve 22 and opening the second electric ball valve 23; and keeping the opening position of the first electric two-way valve 9 to prepare for entering the water making mode next time. In the process of flushing and circulating of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 6, the second water inlet valve 21 is always in a closed state, and the second water inlet valve 21 is only used for automatically replenishing water to the cleaning tank 8 when the equipment is just started.

Certainly, the washing mode and the circulating cleaning mode are two independent modules which do not interfere with each other and influence each other, and can be correspondingly selected on the control panel according to the requirement.

Automatic cleaning mode of three-medium filter

The multi-medium filter 2 can filter out impurities larger than 25 mu, when the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the multi-medium filter 2 is too large, the heat exchanger 29 and the heater 30 stop working under the control of the PLC, then the electric two-way valve I9 is opened, the high-pressure pump 5 and the water supply pump 1 stop running, the pure water valve inlet and the pure water valve outlet are communicated, and then the system automatically enters a cleaning program under the control of the PLC, back washing is performed firstly, then positive washing is performed, and after program cleaning is finished, the system automatically enters a water production mode.

The working principle of the multi-media filter 2 as shown in fig. 2 is as follows:

when the normal work is carried out: seawater enters the multi-media filter 2 from the h-c port along the black thin arrow, and after being filtered, the seawater passes through the b-k port and then exits from the f port to enter the next stage.

During positive flushing: seawater enters the multi-media filter 2 from the h-c port along a black hollow arrow, passes through the a port, exits from the g port, and is discharged to the outside after passing through the second discharge pipeline 18 and the thick water valve 15.

During backwashing: the seawater enters through the h-e-b port, enters the multi-media filter 2 along a black thick arrow, finally passes through the a port, goes out of the g port, and is discharged out of the board after passing through the second discharge pipeline 18 and the thick water valve 15.

The actions of all the valve elements are finished under the control of the PLC when in normal work, normal flushing and back flushing, wherein all the valve elements are electric two-way valves.

Fourth, shutdown mode

When the "system" switch is placed in the "stop" position, the program automatically enters the shutdown mode. After receiving the signal of stopping the operation, the PLC first stops the operation of the heat exchanger 29 and the heater 30 module, and then sends a signal to the electric two-way valve one 9 to slowly open the electric two-way valve one 9, so that the working pressure of the system is slowly reduced, and the time interval of the pressure reduction is generally set to about 5 minutes, so that the working pressure of the pipeline is zero.

During the pressure drop, when the flow rate detected by the flow sensor is less than 2% of the rated flow rate (the flow rate of 15T/D is 0.625M)³H), transmitting a flow signal smaller than 2% to the PLC; at the same time, the pressure sensor 11 also transmits the pressure signal at the flow rate to the PLC, and the PLC synthesizes the pressure signal and the flow rate signalAfter comparison, the pure water valve 7 is controlled to act. Namely, the first pure water valve outlet is closed, the inlet of the pure water valve is communicated with the second pure water valve outlet, and a small amount of fresh water generated at the moment is discharged to the outside after passing through the second pure water valve outlet, the first check valve 24 and the concentrated water valve 15, so that the quality of the fresh water in the fresh water cabin is ensured.

Under the condition of no working pressure, after the system runs for 2-3 minutes, the high-concentration seawater in the pipeline and in the reverse osmosis membrane component 6 is completely discharged to the outside of the ship, and the pipeline and the membrane are protected. After running for 2-3 minutes, the program automatically enters a reverse osmosis membrane module cleaning mode and a multi-media filter cleaning mode.

The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. The reverse osmosis water making equipment capable of automatically adjusting the temperature is characterized by comprising a water supply pump, a multi-media filter, a precision filter, a security filter, a high-pressure pump and a reverse osmosis membrane assembly which are sequentially connected through pipelines, wherein a pure water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly is respectively connected with a pure water valve and a cleaning box through a pipeline, a concentrated water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly is respectively connected with the cleaning box and the concentrated water valve through an electric two-way valve, and the cleaning box is connected to an inlet pipeline of the high-pressure pump through a cleaning pipeline; and a hot water inlet and a hot water outlet of the heat exchanger are connected to a pipeline between the first electric two-way valve and the concentrated water valve.

2. A reverse osmosis water making device capable of automatically adjusting temperature according to claim 1, wherein a salinity sensor and a first temperature sensor are arranged on a water inlet pipeline of the water supply pump, a pressure sensor is arranged on a pipeline between the reverse osmosis membrane module and the first electric two-way valve, a flow sensor is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the pure water valve, a second temperature sensor is arranged on a pipeline between the high-pressure pump and the reverse osmosis membrane module, the salinity sensor, the first temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, the flow sensor and the second temperature sensor are all in signal connection with a PLC, and the PLC controls the first electric two-way valve, the heat exchanger and the heater to act.

3. A self-regulating temperature reverse osmosis water making device according to claim 1, wherein the heat exchanger is connected to the front end of the cleaning pipeline, and the heater is connected to the rear end of the cleaning pipeline.

4. The reverse osmosis water making equipment capable of automatically adjusting the temperature according to claim 1, wherein a first discharge pipeline is arranged on a pipeline between the high-pressure pump and the reverse osmosis membrane assembly, and a safety valve is arranged on the first discharge pipeline.

5. A reverse osmosis water making device capable of automatically adjusting temperature according to claim 1, wherein a conductivity meter is arranged on a pipeline between the reverse osmosis membrane module and a pure water valve.

6. A reverse osmosis water making device capable of automatically adjusting temperature according to claim 2, wherein the pure water valve is an electric three-way valve, the inlet of the pure water valve is connected with the reverse osmosis membrane module, the outlet of the pure water valve is connected with the flow sensor, and the outlet of the pure water valve is connected with the concentrated water valve through the first check valve.

7. A reverse osmosis water making device capable of automatically adjusting temperature according to claim 1, wherein a second discharge pipeline is arranged on the multi-medium filter, and the second discharge pipeline is connected with the concentrate valve.

8. A reverse osmosis water making device capable of automatically adjusting temperature according to claim 2, wherein the water inlet pipeline at the front end of the salinity sensor is provided with an inlet filter, and the temperature sensor is arranged at the front end of the inlet filter.

9. A reverse osmosis water making device capable of automatically adjusting temperature according to claim 1, wherein a first water inlet valve is arranged on a pipeline between the security filter and the high-pressure pump, a second water inlet valve is arranged on a pipeline between a pure water outlet of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly and the cleaning tank, a first electric ball valve is arranged on a pipeline between the first electric two-way valve and the cleaning tank, a second electric ball valve and a second check valve are sequentially arranged on a pipeline between the first electric two-way valve and the concentrated water valve, and a cleaning valve is arranged on the cleaning pipeline.

10. A reverse osmosis water making device capable of automatically adjusting temperature according to claim 1, wherein a discharge port is formed at the bottom of the cleaning tank, and a discharge valve is arranged at the discharge port.