CN211979255U - Polymer sidelight optical fiber, polymer sidelight optical cable and preparation device thereof - Google Patents
Polymer sidelight optical fiber, polymer sidelight optical cable and preparation device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN211979255U CN211979255U CN202020015922.0U CN202020015922U CN211979255U CN 211979255 U CN211979255 U CN 211979255U CN 202020015922 U CN202020015922 U CN 202020015922U CN 211979255 U CN211979255 U CN 211979255U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses embodiment relates to the optical fiber cable field of making, in particular to polymer sidelight optic fibre and preparation facilities thereof. The embodiment of the utility model provides a polymer sidelight optic fibre includes the mixed sandwich layer of particle polymer, because the light of projecting on this particle can carry out rice scattering or geometric optics scattering, consequently, this mixed sandwich layer of particle polymer is effectual and propagation distance is far away to incident optical fiber's scattering to enlarge the light area of sidelight optic fibre, make the light that the sidelight optic fibre scatters simultaneously softer. Through the embodiment of the utility model provides a preparation facilities of polymer sidelight optic fibre can realize the industrial production of polymer sidelight optic fibre, and many polymer sidelight optic fibres of disposable production prepare out the more outstanding sidelight optic fibre of whole body luminous performance to satisfy different trades to sidelight optic fibre growing market demand.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model discloses embodiment relates to the optical fiber cable field of making, especially relates to a polymer sidelight optic fibre, polymer sidelight optic cable and preparation facilities thereof.
Background
Plastic Optical Fiber (POF), also known as polymer Fiber or high polymer Fiber, is composed mainly of a transparent Plastic core layer with a high refractive index and a transparent Plastic cladding layer with a low refractive index. The plastic optical fiber overcomes the defects of brittleness and easy breakage of the traditional glass optical fiber, has the advantages of light weight, shock resistance, electromagnetic interference resistance and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of optical fiber sensors, industrial control, all-optical networks and the like.
Plastic optical fibers are generally classified into end-face light emitting optical fibers and side-light optical fibers according to the manner of light propagation. The end-face light-emitting optical fiber is used for inputting incident light from one end face of the optical fiber and outputting the incident light from the other end face of the optical fiber. The side light fiber scatters light from the side of the fiber along different directions of the fiber side, and has the effect of whole body light emission. The side light optical fiber is also called a whole body light emitting optical fiber or a side light emitting optical fiber and is commonly used in the field of illumination decoration.
In the process of realizing the creation of the invention, the inventor finds that in the prior art, the production process of the polymer side optical fiber is complicated, the light-emitting angle and the light-emitting brightness are difficult to control, and the problems of poor light transmission and incapability of uniformly emitting light exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the light transmissivity that current polymer sidelight optical fiber exists relatively poor, unable even light-emitting and the loaded down with trivial details problem of production technology, the utility model discloses the main technical problem who solves provides a polymer sidelight optical fiber and preparation facilities, scatters away from the side of optic fibre evenly through the scattering particle of adding in the fibre core in with the light in the optic fibre.
In order to solve the technical problem, the embodiment of the utility model discloses following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a polymer side optical fiber, a particle polymer mixed core layer, where the particle is a first scattering particle, and the first scattering particle is used to make light projected onto the first scattering particle perform meter scattering and/or geometric optical scattering;
a cladding layer disposed outside the core layer.
Optionally, the polymer side optical fiber is of a solid structure or a hollow tubular structure.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a polymer sidelight optical fiber preparation apparatus, the preparation apparatus is used for preparing the polymer sidelight optical fiber provided in any embodiment of the present invention, the preparation apparatus includes: the device comprises a first stirring device, a core layer material extruder, a cladding material extruder and a co-extrusion mold;
the first stirring device is connected with the core layer material extruder and is used for uniformly mixing the core layer material and conveying the core layer material to the core layer material extruder;
the core layer material extruder and the cladding material extruder are respectively connected with the co-extrusion die;
the co-extrusion die is provided with a co-extrusion die orifice and a branch runner connected with the co-extrusion die orifice.
Optionally, the branch flow channels include at least one core material branch flow channel, and a cladding material branch flow channel and a mixed branch flow channel, which are equal in number to the core material branch flow channel;
the core layer material extruder is connected with the input end of the core layer material branch flow channel;
the cladding material extruder is connected with the input end of the cladding material branch flow passage;
the input end of the mixed branch flow passage is connected with the output end of the core layer material branch flow passage and the output end of the cladding layer material branch flow passage;
and the output end of the mixed branch flow passage is connected with the co-extrusion die orifice.
Optionally, the branch flow channel is provided with an independent temperature control heating system.
Optionally, a sensor is further disposed in the mixed branch flow channel, and the sensor is configured to sense temperature information.
Optionally, the preparation apparatus further includes a partitioned setting oil tank, setting circulating oil is disposed in the partitioned setting oil tank, and the polymer sidelight optical fiber is stretched and set in the setting circulating oil.
Optionally, the partitioned oil tank is provided with a plurality of fully-closed constant-temperature partitions;
the preparation device also comprises a zone independent temperature control system which is used for respectively obtaining the corresponding parameters of the temperature of the oil medium in each totally-enclosed constant-temperature zone and respectively controlling the temperature so as to keep the temperature of the oil medium in each totally-enclosed constant-temperature zone constant.
In a third aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a polymer sidelight optical cable, including a protective sheath and a polymer sidelight optical fiber provided in any of the embodiments of the present invention;
the protective sleeve is located on the outside of the cladding.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a polymer sidelight optical fiber preparation apparatus, where the preparation apparatus includes a protective sheath extruder and the polymer sidelight optical fiber preparation apparatus provided in any embodiment of the present invention;
the protective sheath extruder is used to form at least one protective sheath over the outer layer of the polymer side-lit optical fiber.
The utility model discloses an embodiment's beneficial effect is: be different from prior art's condition, the embodiment of the utility model provides a polymer sidelight optical fiber includes the mixed sandwich layer of particle polymer, because the light of projecting on this particle can carry out rice scattering or geometric optics scattering, consequently, this mixed sandwich layer of particle polymer is effectual and propagation distance is far away to incident optical fiber's scattering to enlarge the light area of sidelight optical fiber, make the light of sidelight optical fiber scattering play softer simultaneously. Through the embodiment of the utility model provides a preparation facilities of polymer sidelight optic fibre can realize the industrial production of polymer sidelight optic fibre, and many polymer sidelight optic fibres of disposable production prepare out the more outstanding sidelight optic fibre of whole body luminous performance to satisfy different trades to sidelight optic fibre growing market demand.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the application, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
Fig. 1a is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a polymer side optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal cross-sectional structure of a polymer side optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2a is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of another polymer side optical fiber provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of a longitudinal cross-sectional structure of another polymer-side optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a principle of geometric optical scattering according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a rice scattering principle provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a light emitting principle of a polymer side optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for manufacturing a polymer side optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a process flow of a polymer side optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may be present. As used herein, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "bottom," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship indicated based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and to simplify the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second," etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. And the like are presented for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In addition, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In the existing end face light emitting fiber, light emitted from a light source enters the core layer through the end face of the fiber, and is totally reflected at the junction of the core layer and the cladding layer, and finally the light is emitted from the other end face of the fiber. In order to make plastic optical fiber reach the luminous effect of the entire body of preferred, make light shoot away from the surface of covering uniformly, the embodiment of the utility model provides an add scattering particle in the sandwich layer material, utilized the scattering and the total reflection principle of light, make the light of projecting on this scattering particle carry out rice scattering or geometric optics scattering, make the light of projecting on optical fiber core layer and covering interface, partly gets into outer environment through twice refraction, another part carries out the total reflection, propagate in optic fibre, thereby realize the entire body and give out light, the light that makes optic fibre throw out simultaneously is softer.
Referring to fig. 1a to 2b, fig. 1a to 2b are schematic structural diagrams of a polymer sidelight optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention. The polymer side optical fiber in the embodiment of the utility model provides an in can be solid construction, also can be hollow tubular structure. Fig. 1a and 1b are schematic structural diagrams of a polymer sidelight optical fiber with a solid structure, wherein a cladding layer 02 is arranged on an outer layer of the core layer 01, and the core layer 01 is of a solid structure. Fig. 2a and 2b are schematic structural views of a polymer side optical fiber having a hollow tubular structure. As shown in fig. 2a and 2b, the polymer-side optical fiber includes a hollow core layer 03 left vacant, in addition to a core layer 01 and a cladding layer 02.
The core layer 01 in the embodiments of the present invention includes a first polymer and first scattering particles distributed in the first polymer. Cladding 02 includes a second polymer. The first polymer in the embodiment of the present invention may be one of Polystyrene (PS), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), and Polycarbonate (PC). The second polymer in the embodiments of the present invention may be one of PMMA or fluoroplastic. In order to ensure that the light in the side-light optical fiber can meet the requirement of the total reflection condition at the interface of the core layer 01 and the cladding layer 02, the refractive index of the first polymer is higher than that of the second polymer in the embodiment of the present invention. For example, the first polymer may be PMMA, which has a refractive index of 1.492; the corresponding second polymer may be a fluoroplastic and may have a refractive index of 1.406. The thickness of the clad 02 may be generally 10um to 15um, and the fluoroplastic constituting the clad 02 may be extremely thin, for example, may be less than 0.02 mm.
The scattering particles in the embodiments of the present invention may be any suitable particles that enable light projected onto the scattering particles to undergo light scattering and/or geometric optical scattering. The embodiment of the utility model provides an in the scattering particle be the small particle of light-permeable. In some embodiments, the scattering particles are organic nanobead light diffusers, for example, the scattering particles may be at least one of silicone resin light diffusers, styrene-type light diffusers, and acryl-type light diffusers. Alternatively, in some embodiments of the present invention, the scattering particles may also be inorganic light-transmissive particles, such as glass beads. In some embodiments, the scattering particles have a high light transmittance, which may be 90% or more. Specifically, the light transmittance of the scattering particles may be 92% to 93%.
In this embodiment, the condition that the light projected onto the scattering particles undergoes meter scattering or geometric optical scattering is related to the wavelength of the light and the size of the scattering particles. For example, dimensionless numbers of dimensions may be used as criteria. The dimensionless number of degrees α is calculated as follows:
α＝2πr/λ
wherein r is the radius of the scattering particles; λ is the wavelength of the light. Because the shapes of the scattering particles are different, the scattering particles are generally taken as spheres when theoretical analysis is carried out, and the radius of equivalent particles of the actual scattering particles can be taken as the radius of the equivalent particles to discuss the scattering problem by using a sphere theory.
Scattering of light can be classified into three categories by the size of α: rayleigh scattering, meter scattering and geometric optical scattering. When alpha <1, namely r < lambda, the light rays generate Rayleigh scattering; when alpha is more than or equal to 0.1 and less than 50, namely r is approximately equal to lambda, light rays are scattered in a meter way; when alpha is more than or equal to 50, namely r > lambda, the light rays are subjected to geometric optical scattering. In the rayleigh scattering phenomenon, the scattered light intensity is distributed in a dumbbell shape in the spatial direction, and the flux of the scattered light of the front half part and the rear half part of the scattering particle is equal. The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, in order to make polymer sidelight optic fibre obtain better luminous effect, through the particle diameter of control scattering particle, the light that makes to project on the scattering particle takes place meter scattering and/or geometric optics scattering. The scattering particles in the embodiments of the present invention refer to all scattering particles in the core material.
In order to illustrate the present invention more clearly, fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the principle of geometric-optical scattering. Referring to fig. 3, when the incident light p is projected onto the scattering particles, a smaller part of the light energy returns to the core layer in the form of reflected light, where the reflected light is light p equal to 0; most of the light energy is refracted into the scattering particles. Since the scattering particles have high light transmittance, the scattering particles themselves have less light loss. According to the geometric optical theory model, when light rays propagate in the scattering particles and reach the interface surface of the scattering particles and the polymer, part of light energy is refracted from the inside of the scattering particles into the polymer due to the different refractive indexes of the scattering particles and the polymer, and the other part of light energy is reflected on the inner surface of the scattering particles. The light refracted from the scattering particles for the first time into the polymer is called light p ═ 1, and after the n-1 th reflection on the inner surface of the scattering particles, the light refracted from the inside of the scattering particles for the nth time into the external environment is called light p ═ n. When n is infinite, the energy of the light ray p ═ n approaches 0.
In the geometric optical scattering phenomenon, when one incident light beam p is projected onto the scattering particles, n refracted light beams p ═ n, where n is 1, 2, and 3 … …, can be refracted from the inside of the scattering particles, thereby forming a scattering field. Therefore, the scattering particles can uniformly scatter a beam of incident light from the surface of the scattering particles, and the angle of the scattered light is uniform, so that the point light source is changed into a surface light source to play a role of light uniformization.
Further, fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the principle of meter scattering. The intensity of light scattered by a meter is asymmetric in all directions, with most of the light scattered along the direction of travel. When the wavelength of the incident light is constant, the larger the particle size of the scattering particles is, the stronger the forward scattered light is.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in, because the light of projecting on first scattering particle can carry out rice scattering and/or geometric optics scattering, consequently, the mixed sandwich layer of particle polymer can propagate from the even scattering of the light of its one end incident, and this mixed sandwich layer of polymer is far away from the propagation distance of light, and the scattered light that just transmits out from its side distributes evenly and the luminance height.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating a principle of light emission of a polymer sidelight optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, in the phenomena of mie scattering and geometric-optical scattering, light constituting a scattered field can continuously propagate in the core layer 01. Part of light cannot meet the condition of total reflection, cannot be reflected in the interface of the core layer and the cladding layer, is refracted from the core layer into the cladding layer, and is refracted from the cladding layer into the external environment; part of light meets the condition of total reflection, and the light is totally reflected at the interface of the core layer and the cladding layer and returns to the core layer to continue to propagate, or collides with next scattering particles to form scattering, or does not collide with the scattering particles and is totally reflected in the optical fiber to advance. When the scattering medium is uniformly doped in the core layer material in a particle form, light can be uniformly scattered and transmitted, and finally, light is uniformly projected on the surface of the optical fiber, so that the whole body luminescence is realized.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in the first scattering particle's particle diameter can be the same also can be different, can reach different scattering effects through the particle diameter of control scattering particle. For example, the first scattering particles may be all scattered in a meter, or all the first scattering particles may be geometrically optically scattered. In other embodiments, a portion of the first scattering particles may be further scattered by a meter and another portion of the first scattering particles may be scattered geometrically.
In some embodiments, to reduce the effect of scattering particles on the diameter of the side-lit optical fiber, the particle size of the scattering particles can be controlled to be in the range of 50-2000nm, allowing light to be scattered in the meter.
When the distance between scattering particles is larger than a few times (e.g., 3 times) the radius of the scattering particles, the scattering between the scattering particles can be considered independent of each other, i.e., the scattering of each scattering particle is independent of the surrounding scattering particles, which is referred to as independent scattering. For a plurality of scattering particles in a volume, the distance between the scattering particles is relatively short, and the scattered light on the scattering particles can strike other scattering particles, thereby causing a second or more scattering. Therefore, when the doping amount of the scattering particles is low, the scattering phenomenon in the polymer-side optical fiber is dominated by independent scattering, and when the doping amount of the scattering particles is high, one beam of scattered light may cause multiple scattering.
In some embodiments, to achieve better light emission effect for the polymer-edge optical fiber, the doping amount m of the first scattering particles in the core layer material follows the following formula:
m/M＝K·d/l
wherein m is the mass of the first scattering particles; m is the mass of the first polymer; k is a numerical constant; d is the diameter of the core layer of the polymer side optical fiber or the thickness of the core layer; l is the product luminous length of the polymer side optical fiber. The value of K can be obtained by one skilled in the art through experiments.
For a solid polymer-side optical fiber, d is the core diameter of the polymer-side optical fiber, and if d is 5mm and the light emitting length of the product is 0.5m, the constant K is 1 × 10-2The mass of scattering particles that should be added per 1kg of first polymer material is:
m＝M·K·d/l＝1kg×1×10-2×(5×10-3m)/(0.5m)＝0.1g
for a polymer-side optical fiber of hollow tubular construction, d may be the thickness of the core layer, i.e., the difference L between the outer and inner diameters of the core layer1-L2. For example, the optical fiber has a product light emission length l of 0.5m, and K is 1 × 10-2Assuming the outer diameter L of the core layer15mm, inner diameter L22.5mm, then L1-L2When the mass of the scattering particles added to the polymer side optical fiber is 2.5 mm:
m＝M·K·d/l＝1kg×1×10-2×(2.5×10-3m)/(0.5m)＝0.05g
in some embodiments, scattering particles are also added to the cladding material for secondary dodging of the polymer-side optical fiber, and the type and amount of scattering particles added to the cladding material may be the same as or different from those of the core material. The amount of scattering particles added to the cladding material can be determined by one skilled in the art based on the actual circumstances.
Generally, if the particles added to the core layer material are opaque reflective particles, when light is projected onto the reflective particles, the light is reflected, the light changes the original propagation path, and propagates between the reflective particles or projects to the interface between the core layer 01 and the cladding layer 02, and if the included angle between the reflected light projected to the interface and the interface is greater than or equal to the critical angle, total reflection occurs, and the light continues to propagate in the core layer 01. If the included angle between the reflected light projected to the interface and the interface is smaller than the critical angle, refraction occurs, the reflected light is emitted from the cladding 02, and the whole body luminescence is realized. Because the reflective particles are opaque, when a beam of light is projected onto the reflective particles, only one beam of reflected light is projected. Therefore, the light emitted from the cladding 02 has a certain randomness, so that the sidelight fiber cannot uniformly emit light and has poor light transmittance.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a manufacturing apparatus for a polymer side optical fiber, which includes a co-extrusion mold 300, a core material extruder 120, and a cladding material extruder 220, as shown in fig. 6; wherein, the core material extruder 120 and the cladding material extruder 220 are respectively connected to the co-extrusion mold 300. The apparatus also includes a core material input device 110 for inputting the core material and a cladding material input device 210 for inputting the cladding material. In some embodiments, in order to mix the first polymer resin and the first scattering particles in the core material uniformly, a first stirring device (not shown) may be further disposed on the apparatus, and the first stirring device may be connected to the core material input unit 110, and configured to stir the core material uniformly and then convey the core material into the core material input unit 110. In other embodiments, when the second scattering particles are included in the cladding material, a second stirring device (not shown) is further disposed on the apparatus, and the second stirring device is used for uniformly mixing the second polymer and the second scattering particles in the cladding material.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an in core layer material extruder 120 and cladding material extruder 220 can be double screw extruder also can be single screw extruder, after core layer material or cladding material got into the extruder, with core layer material or cladding material forward transport under the rotation drive of screw rod, core layer material and cladding material are at the in-process that moves forward, the heating of extruder feed cylinder and shearing and the compression effect that the screw rod brought make core layer material or cladding material can fully plasticize and the misce bene. By controlling the size, pitch and speed of the screws in the core material extruder 120 and the cladding material extruder 220, the output cladding material and core material can be maintained at a certain ratio, so that the cladding material and core material can be conveniently and jointly matched and extruded subsequently.
The core material extruder 120 and the cladding material extruder 220 are used for coordinating the flowability of the cladding material and the flowability of the core material through the co-extrusion die 300; the co-extrusion die 300 is provided with a co-extrusion die orifice 310 for co-matching the extruded cladding material with the core material. Therefore, on one hand, the flowability of the cladding material and the flowability of the core material are coordinated in the output of the core material extruder and the cladding material extruder, and on the other hand, the flowability of the cladding material and the flowability of the core material are coordinated in the co-extrusion die, so that when the cladding material and the core material are extruded from the co-extrusion die, the flowability of the cladding material is matched with the flowability of the core material, and the high-quality polymer side optical fiber can be obtained.
In some embodiments, a plurality of cladding material branch runners 301, core material branch runners 302, mixed branch runners 303, runner sensors 304, and sensor group information transmission lines 305 are further disposed in the co-extrusion mold 300, and sensing data of the runner sensors 304, such as temperature, temperature information, or temperature-related information, is output to the mold temperature control system through the sensor group information transmission lines 305; the flow sensor 304 may be a temperature sensor. The input end of each mixed branch flow channel 303 is respectively and correspondingly connected with the output end of each core material branch flow channel 302 and the output end of each cladding material branch flow channel 301. For example, the core material extruder is connected to the input end of each core branch flow channel 302 through a core material total flow channel, and the cladding material extruder is connected to the input end of each cladding material branch flow channel 301 through a cladding material total flow channel.
In this embodiment, the polymer sidelight optical fiber manufacturing apparatus further includes a partitioned shaping oil tank 400, the co-extrusion mold 300 is connected to the partitioned shaping oil tank 400 through the co-extrusion die orifice 310, and the partitioned shaping oil tank 400 is provided with shaping circulating oil therein. The partition shaping oil tank 400 is provided with a shaping circulating oil port 410, and the addition, exchange and recycling of the shaping circulating oil can be realized through the shaping circulating oil port 410. The partitioned shaping oil tank 400 is used for keeping the shaping circulating oil in a constant temperature state, and the polymer side optical fiber is stretched and shaped in the constant temperature shaping circulating oil. In some embodiments, a plurality of zones are disposed in the zone-shaped oil tank 400, each zone corresponds to at least one zone heater 420, and the zone heaters 420 are configured to heat the shaped circulating oil in the corresponding zone so as to keep the shaped circulating oil at a preset constant temperature, wherein the preset constant temperature can be set according to the production requirements of the polymer side optical fiber, and the temperature can be adjusted by a person skilled in the art according to actual production conditions.
In some embodiments, the zoned shaped fuel tank 400 is a fully enclosed constant temperature zoned fuel tank. A plurality of relatively independent subareas are arranged in the totally-enclosed constant-temperature subarea shaping oil tank. Each zone is provided with an independent temperature control system, each independent zone heater is monitored through a temperature sensor in the temperature control system, so that the temperature of different zones is kept in a constant temperature state, the temperature of different zones can be the same or different, and a person skilled in the art can reasonably set the temperature of each zone according to actual conditions.
Further, in the above example, the temperature in each constant temperature section decreases in sequence along the output direction of the polymer-side optical fiber. The temperature of the first zone can be set to be 1/2-2/3 of the extrusion temperature of the die opening, and the temperatures of other zones are sequentially decreased until the polymer side optical fiber enters the ambient temperature after being output from the last zone. By adopting the process, the temperature of each point of the polymer side optical fiber is ensured to be the same in the same subarea, the tensile force result is also the same, and the shaping process of the polymer side optical fiber is ensured not to be influenced by factors such as air purification degree, humidity, fluidity and the like. Meanwhile, the method also solves the problem that each point of the polymer side optical fiber is influenced by stress generated by the polymer side optical fiber due to large temperature change amplitude when the polymer side optical fiber enters the air of the environmental space for cooling immediately after being extruded from the extrusion port in a high-temperature state.
In some embodiments, the apparatus for preparing a polymer-side optical fiber further comprises a drawing unit 500, wherein the drawing unit 500 is located at the optical fiber output end of the partitioned shaping oil tank 400 and is used for drawing the polymer-side optical fiber and drawing the optical fiber, and the drawn polymer-side optical fiber is cooled and shaped during passing through the partitioned shaping oil tank 400. As shown in fig. 5, the drawing unit 500 may be used to draw a plurality of polymer-side optical fibers 600 at once. Through the co-extrusion die and the cooperation of the co-extrusion die orifice, the partitioned shaping oil tank and the wire drawing unit, the multi-fiber co-extrusion production mode is realized by extruding a plurality of optical fibers at one time.
The utility model discloses polymer sidelight optical fiber's production mode is multicore coextrusion wire drawing production mode, is called the multicore altogether mode for short, and in the multicore is crowded mode altogether, because crowded mould delivery outlet has a plurality ofly altogether, consequently can once only export many polymer sidelight optical fibers, can guarantee raw and other materials and in extrusion process, still keep best extrusion process, ensure to get into the raw and other materials in crowded mould runner altogether, its temperature, pressure all are in the best state in the production. And for multicore is crowded altogether, supposing that there are N delivery outlets of crowded mould altogether, the core material becomes original 1/N from every die orifice extrusion speed, and the mould export of cladding material is N simultaneously also, increases to N times by single extrusion orifice space volume promptly, and this will greatly improve the extrusion state of cladding material, makes the mobility of cladding material and the mobility of core material more harmonious, makes the extrusion state more match to the interface of optical fiber cladding and core reaches more ideal state.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic view of a production process of a polymer sidelight optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, the method for manufacturing the polymer side optical fiber includes the following steps: inputting the core layer material into a core layer material extruder, so that the core layer material can be fully plasticized and uniformly mixed; inputting the cladding material into a cladding material extruder to fully plasticize the cladding material; the cladding material is fed into the plurality of cladding material flow channels and the core material is fed into the plurality of core material flow channels. The cladding material is coextruded with the core material through each of a plurality of hybrid branch runners. Since the core material includes the first polymer and the first scattering particles, the core material needs to be uniformly mixed before being input into the core material extruder.
In some embodiments, when the core layer material and the cladding layer material are co-extruded, feedback control needs to be performed on the co-extrusion die, for example, the temperature feedback control may be performed on the co-extrusion die by a runner temperature control unit group; specifically, temperature feedback control can be performed on each flow channel of the co-extrusion die.
In order to improve the efficiency and reduce the volume and the number of devices, a plurality of runners with preset number can be adopted as a runner partition, or a plurality of runners positioned at preset positions can be adopted as a runner partition, the temperature control of the runner partition is respectively carried out, different areas can be set with different temperatures, technicians in the field can set or adjust the temperature control according to the actual production requirements, and the temperature control can be simultaneously carried out on a plurality of runners in one runner partition. For example, the temperature of one region is 50 to 60 degrees centigrade, and the temperature of the next adjacent region is 90 to 95 degrees centigrade.
To better achieve fiber output, after each of the plurality of hybrid branch flow channels co-match the extruded cladding material with the core material, the following steps are also performed: and (3) stretching and setting the polymer side optical fiber in a constant-temperature oil medium. In some embodiments, after the polymer-side optical fiber is subjected to stretch setting in a constant-temperature oil medium, the polymer-side optical fiber is subjected to fiber drawing. Multiple groups of optical fibers can be simultaneously drawn. Optionally, a drawing unit may be used to draw multiple groups of optical fibers. The optical fiber can be collected and packaged after the optical fiber is drawn.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a still provide a polymer sidelight optical cable, this optical cable include the protective sheath with the utility model discloses the polymer sidelight optical fiber that any embodiment provided, this protective sheath is located the outside of covering. In some embodiments, the protective jacket of the polymer-side optical cable is a transparent protective jacket. In this embodiment, the material of the protective sheath layer may be polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, or nylon, and the flame retardant material thereof. The thickness of the protective sheath layer can be 0.25-1.25 mm. The thickness of the protective sheath layer can be increased or decreased according to the actual application scene of the optical cable.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a still provide a polymer sidelight optical cable preparation facilities, this preparation facilities include the protective sheath extruder with the utility model discloses the polymer sidelight optical fiber preparation facilities that any embodiment provided, wherein the protective sheath extruder is used for forming the transparent protective sheath layer of at least one deck at the skin of polymer sidelight optical fiber.
The embodiment of the utility model provides an use high performance communication level plastic optical fiber production technology as the basis, go into organic scattering particle in the sandwich layer material, when the luminousness of organic scattering particle reaches 93%, can reduce because the light attenuation that scattering particle material itself brought, can outwards throw the light in the optic fibre evenly and high-efficiently simultaneously. The utility model discloses use high performance communication level plastics optic fibre production line as the basis to the meter scattering that the organic scattering medium of doping brought is the principle of giving out light, makes the terminal surface luminous optic fibre change into sidelight optic fibre, and the side is thrown light and is evenly just luminance high. Meanwhile, a better light-emitting effect can be obtained only by adding scattering particles with smaller concentration, and for the original end face light-emitting plastic optical fiber, the cost is increased by about 1%. Under the condition that the thickness of the cladding allows, second scattering particles can be added into the cladding material for secondary scattering, and the side-light optical fiber with more excellent side light projection performance can be obtained.
The embodiment of the utility model provides a sidelight optic fibre utilizes neotype luminous principle to realize that the whole body is luminous, and luminous angle and luminance are even, and light is soft not dazzling, and the product size is controllable. The polymer side optical fiber has good stability and strong heat resistance, and the prepared side optical fiber has long service life and can meet the requirements of different application fields on high-brightness side optical fibers. At present, the production process and the industrial production line of the high-brightness side optical fiber are not available at home, and the products are not available. Meanwhile, the scattering particles added into the core layer material or the cladding material are low in price, the doping concentration of the scattering particles can be adjusted according to the requirement on the luminous length of a product, and for the existing end face luminous fiber, the polymer side optical fiber does not increase too much cost.
The utility model discloses the biggest innovation point lies in, according to optics scattering principle and the peculiar attribute of scattering particle itself, changes the terminal surface luminescence optical fiber into hi-lite sidelight optic fibre. The traditional side optical fiber manufacturing process is changed, the industrialized production of the polymer side optical fiber can be realized, a plurality of polymer side optical fibers are produced at one time, and the side optical fiber with more excellent overall luminous performance is prepared, so that the increasing market demands of different industries on the side optical fiber are met, and a foundation is laid for the future lighting light conduction technology and the application thereof as well as the research and development of the side optical fibers with various specifications.
It should be noted that the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in the specification and the drawings, but the present invention can be realized in many different forms, and is not limited to the embodiments described in the specification, and these embodiments are not provided as additional limitations to the present invention, and are provided for the purpose of making the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and complete. Moreover, the above technical features are combined with each other to form various embodiments which are not listed above, and all the embodiments are regarded as the scope of the present invention; further, modifications and variations will occur to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing description, and it is intended to cover all such modifications and variations as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A polymer-sided optical fiber, comprising:
a particle polymer blend core layer, the particles being first scattering particles for causing light impinging on the first scattering particles to undergo mie-scattering and/or geometric-optical scattering;
a cladding layer disposed outside the core layer.
2. The polymer-sided optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the polymer-sided optical fiber is a solid structure or a hollow tubular structure.
3. A polymer-side optical fiber production apparatus for producing the polymer photometric optical fiber according to claim 1 or 2, the production apparatus comprising: the device comprises a first stirring device, a core layer material extruder, a cladding material extruder and a co-extrusion mold;
the first stirring device is connected with the core layer material extruder and is used for uniformly mixing the core layer material and conveying the core layer material to the core layer material extruder;
the core layer material extruder and the cladding material extruder are respectively connected with the co-extrusion die;
the co-extrusion die is provided with a co-extrusion die orifice and a branch runner connected with the co-extrusion die orifice.
4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the branch flow paths include at least one core material branch flow path, and a number of clad material branch flow paths and mixed branch flow paths equal to the number of the core material branch flow paths;
the core layer material extruder is connected with the input end of the core layer material branch flow channel;
the cladding material extruder is connected with the input end of the cladding material branch flow passage;
the input end of the mixed branch flow passage is connected with the output end of the core layer material branch flow passage and the output end of the cladding layer material branch flow passage;
and the output end of the mixed branch flow passage is connected with the co-extrusion die orifice.
5. The apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the branched flow path has a separate temperature-controlled heating system.
6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the mixing branch flow channel is further provided with a sensor for sensing temperature information.
7. The apparatus according to claim 6, further comprising a zoned-setting oil tank, wherein a setting circulating oil is provided in the zoned-setting oil tank, and the polymer-side optical fiber is subjected to stretch setting in the setting circulating oil.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the zoned-shaped oil tank is provided with a plurality of totally-enclosed constant temperature zones;
the preparation device also comprises a zone independent temperature control system which is used for respectively obtaining the corresponding parameters of the temperature of the oil medium in each totally-enclosed constant-temperature zone and respectively controlling the temperature so as to keep the temperature of the oil medium in each totally-enclosed constant-temperature zone constant.
9. A polymer-sided optical cable comprising a protective sheath and a polymer-sided optical fiber according to claim 1 or 2;
the protective sleeve is located on the outside of the cladding.
10. A polymer-sidelight optical cable production apparatus, comprising a sheath extruder and the polymer-sidelight optical cable production apparatus according to any one of claims 3 to 8;
the sheath extruder is used for forming at least one protective sheath layer on the outer layer of the polymer side optical fiber.
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| CN202020015922.0U CN211979255U (en) | 2020-01-04 | 2020-01-04 | Polymer sidelight optical fiber, polymer sidelight optical cable and preparation device thereof |
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| CN202020015922.0U CN211979255U (en) | 2020-01-04 | 2020-01-04 | Polymer sidelight optical fiber, polymer sidelight optical cable and preparation device thereof |
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