CN211962167U

CN211962167U - Bone fracture plate

Info

Publication number: CN211962167U
Application number: CN202020308734.7U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 花世源; 尤凯; 严娟
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-03-12
Filing date: 2020-03-12
Publication date: 2020-11-20
Anticipated expiration: 2030-03-12

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention relates to a bone fracture plate which is used for fixing the relative positions of all parts of a bone. The bone plate comprises: head portion, axle portion and connecting portion. The head is plate-shaped and is fixed on one side of the bone incision along the length direction of the bone, and the head is turned outwards by a certain angle in the direction away from the bone. The shaft part is used for being fixed on the other side of the bone incision along the length direction of the bone, the shaft part is integrally in a P-shaped plate shape and comprises a first shaft part and a second shaft part which are connected with each other in the lateral direction, the length of the first shaft part is larger than that of the second shaft part, and a gap extending along the length direction is formed between the first shaft part and the second shaft part. The connecting portion is used for connecting the head portion and the shaft portion. The bone fracture plate provided by the embodiment of the invention has torsion resistance and rotation resistance, can be immediately stabilized after operation, further increases the fixation firmness of the bone plate, and greatly shortens the bone healing time.

Description

Bone fracture plate

Technical Field

The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of orthopedic medical instruments, in particular to a bone fracture plate for fixing the relative positions of all parts of a bone.

Background

Knee osteoarthritis, the most common knee joint disease, is manifested by leg flexion deformity (O-leg), pain, and movement disorders. Although the disease is not fatal, the normal life of the patient is seriously affected, and the quality of life of the patient is obviously reduced.

The treatment of knee osteoarthritis is mainly solved by adopting a joint replacement operation in the past, but the problem of partial function loss exists after the joint replacement, and meanwhile, the joint replacement belongs to an irreversible operation and causes great trauma to a patient. In recent years, with the continuous progress of medical science and the continuous renewal of internal fixation materials, a stepwise treatment method has been proposed for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis. After physiological pathological changes occur, firstly, knee protection surgery is adopted for treatment, artificial joint replacement is avoided, the knee protection surgery is clinically called as high tibial osteotomy, and the surgery is divided into lateral closed osteotomy and medial open osteotomy. At present, the bone is widely applied to inner side open osteotomy, a wedge-shaped incision is opened on the inner side below a tibial plateau, the lower limb force line is adjusted by adjusting the opening angle of the incision, so that the lower limb force line is recovered, and finally, the bone fracture plate is used for fixing, so that the functions of eliminating pain and recovering joints are achieved.

In the related art, the bone plates for high tibial osteotomy are usually a single-foot or two-foot, such as two-foot T-shaped, U-shaped, L-shaped bone plates. With regard to the above technical solutions, the inventors have found that at least some of the following technical problems exist: for example, the position of the fixed placement of the T-shaped plate after the operation is difficult to grasp, and the T-shaped plate does not have anti-rotation property, so that the operation effect is directly influenced; the U-shaped plate is fixed, so that the distance of opening of the incision can be simply fixed, strong fixation cannot be provided, and a patient needs to lie in bed for a long time; the L-shaped plate also provides only relative fixation and is also deficient in terms of resistance to rotation, etc. Accordingly, there is a need to ameliorate one or more of the problems with the related art solutions described above.

It is noted that this section is intended to provide a background or context to the inventive concepts recited in the claims. The description herein is not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an object of embodiments of the present invention to provide a bone plate that overcomes, at least to some extent, one or more of the problems associated with the limitations and disadvantages of the related art.

The bone fracture plate provided by the embodiment of the invention is used for fixing the relative positions of all parts of a bone and comprises:

the head is plate-shaped and is used for being fixed on one side of the bone incision along the length direction of the bone;

the shaft part is used for being fixed on the other side of the bone incision along the length direction of the bone, the shaft part is integrally in a P-shaped plate shape and comprises a first shaft part and a second shaft part which are connected with each other in the lateral direction, the length of the first shaft part is greater than that of the second shaft part, and a gap extending along the length direction is formed between the first shaft part and the second shaft part;

a connecting portion connecting the head portion and the shaft portion;

wherein the head is everted in a direction away from the bone and has a predetermined everting angle.

In one embodiment of the invention, the predetermined eversion angle is between 5 ° and 11 °.

In an embodiment of the invention, the outer surface of the connecting part adjacent to the bone has at least one tenon for inserting into the bone cut.

In an embodiment of the invention, the clamping tenon is wedge-shaped as a whole, the bottom surface of the clamping tenon is connected with the connecting part, and the included angle between the edge of the bottom surface close to the shaft part and the horizontal line is 10-35 degrees.

In an embodiment of the invention, the gap extends from the shaft portion to the connecting portion or the head portion, and a width of the gap is 0.5mm to 3 mm.

In one embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the bone plate decreases from the connecting portion to the head portion and the shaft portion, respectively.

In an embodiment of the invention, the head portion has a plurality of first through holes, and the first through holes are distributed at intervals.

In an embodiment of the invention, the first through holes are arranged in two or more rows which are relatively parallel.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the first shaft portion has a plurality of second through holes, and the second through holes are distributed at intervals; and

the second shaft part is provided with a plurality of third through holes which are distributed at intervals.

In an embodiment of the present invention, the rows formed by the second through holes and the rows formed by the third through holes are relatively parallel.

In one embodiment of the invention, any one or more of the head portion, shaft portion and connecting portion has a plurality of projections on an outer surface proximate the bone.

In an embodiment of the invention, the plurality of protrusions are uniformly distributed.

In one embodiment of the invention, the bone includes a tibia and a femur.

The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention can have the following beneficial effects:

in the embodiment of the invention, on one hand, the whole bone fracture plate is of a P-shaped structure, the head part of the bone fracture plate is turned outwards at a certain angle in the direction away from the bone, so that the bone fracture plate can be completely attached to the surface of the tibia, and the bone fracture plate has torsion resistance and rotation resistance by combining the distribution positions of the head part and the shaft part of the bone fracture plate on the bone, can be immediately stabilized after operation, further enhances the fixation strength of the bone plate, and reduces the using amount of the bone fracture plate. On the other hand, the gap arranged between the first shaft part and the second shaft part not only provides the anti-rotation torque force, but also lightens the oppression to the bone, and can greatly shorten the time for healing the bone.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a bone plate without a retaining tongue in an exemplary embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a bone plate having a tenon according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic rear view of a bone plate having a tenon according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a side view of a bone plate without the retaining tongues in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a side view of a bone plate with a tenon according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration showing a rear view of a bone plate without a retaining tongue in an exemplary embodiment of the invention;

fig. 7 shows a schematic view of a bone plate secured to a tibia bone in an exemplary embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

Furthermore, the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of embodiments of the invention, which are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and thus their repetitive description will be omitted.

In the present exemplary embodiment, a bone plate 100 is provided for fixing the relative positions of portions of a bone, and referring to fig. 1 to 6, the bone plate 100 may include: a head portion 110, a shaft portion 120 and a connecting portion 130. The head 110 is plate-shaped and can be fixed to one side of the bone cut along the length of the bone, and the head 110 is turned outwards at a certain angle in a direction away from the bone. The shaft 120 may be fixed to the other side of the bone along the length direction of the bone, the shaft 120 is in a P-shaped plate shape and includes a first shaft 121 and a second shaft 122 connected to each other in a lateral direction, the first shaft 121 has a length greater than that of the second shaft 122, and a gap 140 extending in the length direction is formed between the first shaft 121 and the second shaft 122. The connecting portion 130 is used to connect the head portion 110 and the shaft portion 120.

In this example, on the one hand, the bone plate 100 is of a P-type structure, and the head 110 is turned outwards at a certain angle in a direction away from the bone, so that the bone plate 100 can better conform to the shape of the tibia and can be completely attached to the surface of the tibia, and then the head 110 and the distribution positions of the shaft 120 of the bone plate 100 on the bone are combined, so that the bone plate 100 has torsion resistance and rotation resistance, and can be immediately stabilized after operation, the fixation strength of the bone plate is further increased, and the number of the bone plates used is also reduced. On the other hand, the gap 140 between the first shaft portion 121 and the second shaft portion 120 provides torque resistance, reduces the compression of the bone plate on the bone, and greatly shortens the time for bone healing.

In a particular example, the bone may include a tibia and a femur. For example, as shown in fig. 7, when the bone plate 100 is used to fix the relative positions of proximal portions of the tibia 200, the head portion 110 of the bone plate 100 is fixed above the tibial cut 210, the shaft portion 120 of the bone plate 100 is fixed below the tibial cut 210, and the connecting portion 130 corresponds to the position of the tibial cut 210. When the bone plate 100 is used to fix the relative positions of the distal portions of the femur, the head portion 110 of the bone plate 100 may be fixed below the femoral cut, and the shaft portion 120 of the bone plate 100 may be fixed above the femoral cut.

Next, the respective portions of the above-described bone plate 100 in the present exemplary embodiment will be described in more detail with reference to fig. 1 to 6.

In one embodiment, the head portion 110, the shaft portion 120, and the connecting portion 130 of the bone plate 100 may be integrally formed from a single material, and in particular, the material may be made from a biocompatible material, such as titanium, titanium alloy, stainless steel, resorbable biomaterial, allograft, etc., but is not limited thereto.

In one embodiment, the head 110 is preset with an eversion angle of 5 ° to 11 °, which is specifically an angle between a tangent to the outer surface of the head 110 and an extension of the surface of the connecting portion 130. In a high tibial osteotomy, a medical practitioner cuts a small piece of bone at about five centimeters above the articular surface of tibia 200 to form a cut 210, and fills the cut with a filler material to expand upward to force the tibia outward, thereby returning the mechanical axis of the tibia to a normal position. Thus, eversion of the head 110 by 5 ° to 11 ° may provide a more snug fit of the entire plate 100 to the everted tibia, which may be more secure during fixation. Similarly, the valgus angle is also suitable for fixing the distal femur correction operation.

Illustratively, the connecting portion 130 has at least one tenon 131 proximate the outer surface of the bone for insertion into the cut-out of the bone. The tenon 131 provides firm support for the osteotomy surface, and can effectively avoid the problem that the angle is lost or the platform is collapsed after the high-position tibial osteotomy.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the number of the tenons 131 is 3, but in other embodiments, the number of the tenons 131 may also be 1, 2 or more, and of course, as the number of the tenons 131 changes, the volume thereof may also change accordingly.

In one embodiment, the latch 131 has an overall wedge shape, and a bottom surface (not shown) of the latch 131 is engaged with the connection portion 130. The overall wedge shape of the tenons 131 may better match the shape of the tibial or femoral cut 210 to further enhance the support of the osteotomy face. Specifically, the tenon 131 and the connecting portion 130 may be integrally formed, or other joining methods known to those skilled in the art may be used. Of course, in particular implementations, the catch 131 may be modified to match the shape of the actual tibial or femoral cut.

Specifically, in one example, as shown in FIG. 3, the edge 1311 of the bottom surface of the catch 131 near the shaft portion 120 is at an angle α to the horizontal 300, where α ranges from 10 to 35. The horizontal line 300 is a line perpendicular to the vertical axis of the bone plate 100, and the range of α corresponds to the inclination degree of the incision 210, so that the tenon 131 can be more closely embedded into the incision, thereby saving the step of measuring the osteotomy direction by medical staff in the operation and shortening the operation time. For example, the included angle may be specifically 10 °, 15 °, 20 °, 25 °, 30 °, 35 °, and so on.

In one embodiment, the gap 140 is located between the first shaft portion 121 and the second shaft portion 122, but the bottom end of the gap 140 does not interrupt the connection between the first shaft portion 121 and the bottom of the second shaft portion 122. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the top end of the void 140 may extend all the way from the shaft portion 120 to the connecting portion 130 or the head portion 110. Thus, not only is the compression of the shaft portion 120 of the bone plate on the bone reduced, but also the compression of the connecting portion 130 of the bone plate and the head portion 110 of the bone plate on the bone is reduced, and in addition, the overall anti-rotation performance of the bone plate 100 is further enhanced.

In particular, the width of the gap 140 may be 0.5mm to 3mm to provide the bone plate 100 with optimal mechanical properties. When the width is less than 0.5mm, the anti-rotation performance of the bone fracture plate is reduced, and when the width is more than 3mm, the fixing strength of the bone fracture plate is weakened due to the fact that the occupied area is large.

In one example, the overall thickness of the bone plate 100 decreases from the connecting portion 130 toward the head portion 110 and the shaft portion 120, respectively, i.e., the bone plate 100 is thicker in the middle portion and thinner in the two end portions as a whole, so that the load-bearing capacity of the bone plate 100 can be enhanced, and the bone plate 100 is stronger and less prone to damage.

In one embodiment, the bone plate head 110 has a plurality of first through holes 111, and the plurality of first through holes 111 are spaced apart. The first through hole 111 is used to pass bone anchors to secure the head of the bone plate 100 to the tibia 200. These bone anchors may be bone screws, nails, pins, etc., as well as other types of bone anchors known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Illustratively, when the bone anchor used is a screw, threads may also be provided in the first plurality of through holes 111 that mate with the screw.

In one specific example, as shown in fig. 1, the plurality of first vias 111 are arranged in two relatively parallel rows, but may be in multiple rows in other examples. This may help to spread the stresses on the surface of the tibia 200 and help to speed up the post-operative time for the patient to pass down the bed.

In one embodiment, the first shaft portion 121 has a plurality of second through holes 1211, the plurality of second through holes 1211 are spaced apart, and the second shaft portion 122 also has a plurality of third through holes 1221, the plurality of third through holes 1221 are spaced apart. Similarly, the second 1211 and third 1221 through which bone anchors are passed to secure the shaft portion of the bone plate 100 to the tibia or femur. Specific types and connection of bone anchors can be found in the foregoing description and will not be described in detail herein.

In one specific example, as shown in FIG. 1, the rows of the second plurality of through holes 1211 and the rows of the third plurality of through holes 1221 are relatively parallel, thereby further distributing the stress on the tibial or femoral surface and helping to increase the post-operative time for the patient to pass down the bed.

In one embodiment, any one or more of the head 110, shaft 120, and connecting portion 130 of the bone plate 100 has a plurality of projections 150 on the outer surface proximate the bone. The protrusions 150 can increase the friction force between the bone plate 100 and the bone, further enhance the firmness of the bone plate 100 when the bone plate 100 fixes the bone, and in addition, due to the existence of the protrusions 150, a plurality of pores are formed between the surface of the bone and the bone plate 100, so that the periosteum can grow more conveniently, and the growth speed of the bone is also increased.

For example, FIG. 6 illustrates a rear view of a non-bayonet bone plate 100 having projections 150 on the outer surface of the head 110, shaft 120 and connecting portion 130 adjacent the bone. Of course, in other examples, the plurality of protrusions 150 may be provided only on the outer surface of the head portion 110 and the shaft portion 120 proximate to the bone, or the plurality of protrusions 150 may be provided only on the head portion 110, or the plurality of protrusions 150 may be provided only on the shaft portion 120. Similarly, the projections 150 are also provided on the tenoned bone plate 100 proximate the outer surface of the bone and will not be described further herein.

In a specific example, the plurality of protrusions 150 are uniformly distributed to maintain a uniform periosteum growth rate throughout the patient, thereby increasing the post-operative time for the patient to go to the lower abdomen.

In conclusion, the bone fracture plate provided by the invention is integrally designed in a p shape, the curvature of the plate body is designed according to the bone debriding curve, the bone fracture plate can be completely attached to the surface of a bone, and has torsion resistance and rotation resistance, immediate stability can be realized after operation, the firmness of bone plate fixation is further improved, and the bone healing time is greatly shortened.

It is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," and the like in the foregoing description are used for indicating or indicating the orientation or positional relationship illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing embodiments of the present invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated; they may be mechanically coupled, directly coupled, or indirectly coupled through intervening agents, both internally and/or in any other manner known to those skilled in the art. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In embodiments of the invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may comprise the first and second features being in direct contact, or the first and second features being in contact, not directly, but via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by those skilled in the art.

Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.

Claims

1. A bone plate for fixing the relative position of portions of a bone, comprising:

a connecting portion connecting the head portion and the shaft portion;

2. The bone plate of claim 1, wherein the predetermined eversion angle is 5 ° to 11 °.

3. The bone plate of claim 1, wherein the connecting portion has at least one tenon proximate an outer surface of the bone for insertion into the bone cut.

4. The bone plate of claim 3, wherein the catch is wedge-shaped in its entirety, and a bottom surface of the catch engages the connecting portion, and a side of the bottom surface adjacent to the shaft portion is angled at 10 ° to 35 ° from horizontal.

5. Bone plate according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the recess extends from the shaft part to the connecting part or the head part and has a width of 0.5mm to 3 mm.

6. The bone plate of claim 5, wherein the thickness of the bone plate decreases from the connecting portion toward the head portion and the shaft portion, respectively.

7. The bone plate of claim 5, wherein the head has a plurality of first through holes, the plurality of first through holes being spaced apart.

8. The bone plate of claim 7, wherein the first plurality of through holes are arranged in two or more relatively parallel rows.

9. The bone plate of claim 8, wherein the first shaft portion has a plurality of second through holes, the plurality of second through holes being spaced apart; and

10. The bone plate of claim 9, wherein the plurality of columns of second through-holes and the plurality of columns of third through-holes are relatively parallel.

11. The bone plate of claim 1, wherein any one or more of the head portion, shaft portion and connecting portion has a plurality of projections on an outer surface proximate the bone.

12. The bone plate of claim 11, wherein the plurality of projections are evenly distributed therebetween.

13. The bone plate of claim 1, wherein the bone comprises a tibia and a femur.