CN211924552U - Air bearing device and turbocharger - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses air bearing device and turbo charger, wherein air bearing device includes: the device comprises an inner bearing sleeve, a permanent magnet, an electromagnet group, an outer bearing sleeve, an air pump and a controller. The inner bearing sleeve is positioned at the innermost side, the permanent magnet is fixed on the inner bearing sleeve, and the electromagnet group is positioned between the permanent magnet and the outer bearing sleeve. An air inlet and an air outlet are respectively arranged on the outer wall and the inner wall of the outer bearing sleeve, and the controller controls an air pump fixed on the outer bearing sleeve to deliver compressed air to the air inlet, so that an air film is formed between the permanent magnet and the electromagnet group. When the controller controls the air pump to deliver air, the controller can provide current for the electrified coil of the electromagnet group, so that repulsive force is generated between the electromagnet group and the permanent magnet. The gap between the permanent magnet and the electromagnet group is increased, and the friction between the inner bearing sleeve and the outer bearing sleeve caused by the instability of the air film is prevented.

Description

Air bearing device and turbocharger

Technical Field

The embodiment of the utility model provides an relate to the bearing field, especially relate to an air bearing device and turbo charger.

Background

Air bearings are bearings that rely on air as a lubricant. The conventional motor spindle is supported by a shaft, and the higher the rotating speed is, the higher the requirements on the precision, the lubrication and the like of a bearing are, and the shorter the service life is. The air bearing tries to suspend the main shaft in the air and can stably rotate with high precision, and the processing precision of the main shaft and the air bearing can completely realize the rotating speed of more than 12 ten thousand rpm. The air bearing has no mechanical contact, thereby ensuring stable precision and reducing the abrasion degree to the minimum. Down time is reduced thereby improving overall efficiency which increases machine utilization. The absence of any metal-to-metal contact inside the bearing creates a natural barrier to the ingress of external harmful contaminants if the air supply is clean and free of oil and water.

Compressed air enters the air bearing through the air inlet of the air bearing, and then forms an air film between the outer bearing sleeve and the inner bearing sleeve, the originally tightly attached outer bearing sleeve and the inner bearing sleeve start to separate under the action of the air film, and the air film drives the inner bearing sleeve to start to rotate. Because the action of the air film is influenced by the external air pressure and has instability, when the acting force of the air film is insufficient, the rotation of the inner bearing sleeve is influenced, and the problem to be solved is urgently needed in order to ensure that the inner bearing sleeve can continuously rotate.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

An object of the utility model is to provide an air bearing and turbo charger. The electromagnets are additionally arranged between the inner bearing and the outer bearing, and mutual repulsion force is generated between the electromagnets, so that the inner bearing sleeve and the outer bearing sleeve are continuously separated in the process of ensuring the action of the air film, and friction is reduced.

An embodiment of the utility model provides an air bearing device, include: the device comprises an inner bearing sleeve, a permanent magnet, an electromagnet group, an outer bearing sleeve, an air pump and a controller;

the inner bearing sleeve, the permanent magnet, the electromagnet group and the outer bearing sleeve are coaxially arranged, the outer bearing sleeve is positioned on the periphery of the inner bearing sleeve, the permanent magnet is fixed on the outer wall of the inner bearing sleeve, the electromagnet group is positioned between the permanent magnet and the outer bearing sleeve, and the electromagnet group is fixed on the outer bearing sleeve;

the outer wall of the outer bearing sleeve is provided with an air inlet, the inner wall of the outer bearing sleeve is provided with an air outlet, the air pump is positioned on the outer bearing sleeve and is communicated with the air inlet through an air duct, the air pump is used for introducing compressed air into the air inlet and is electrically connected with the controller, and the air outlet is used for transmitting the introduced air to a gap between the permanent magnet and the electromagnet group;

the coil on the electromagnet group is externally connected with the controller, the controller provides current for the coil of the electromagnet, and the current is used for enabling the electromagnet group and the permanent magnet to generate repulsive force.

In a feasible scheme, a plurality of convex blocks are arranged on the inner bearing sleeve in the air bearing device, a plurality of grooves are formed in the permanent magnet, and the convex blocks are used for being clamped in the grooves.

In one possible embodiment, the number of the projections in the air bearing device is equal to the number of the grooves.

In one possible embodiment, the electromagnet assembly in the air bearing device includes: a plurality of electromagnets;

the electromagnets are uniformly distributed in the outer bearing sleeve in the circumferential direction.

In a feasible scheme, concave grains are arranged on the electromagnet in the air bearing device, and the concave grains are used for placing a coil on the electromagnet.

In a feasible scheme, the outer bearing sleeve in the air bearing device is provided with a plurality of countersunk holes, the electromagnet is provided with a threaded hole, the threaded hole is arranged in the countersunk hole, and the countersunk hole is in bolt connection with the threaded hole.

In one possible embodiment, the material of the screw bolt in the air bearing device is plastic.

In one possible embodiment, the cross-sectional area of the inlet opening is greater than the cross-sectional area of the outlet opening in the air bearing device.

In one possible approach, the air bearing device includes: the turbine shell, the turbine, the impeller shell, the impeller, the air bearing device, the connecting shaft and the middle shell;

the air bearing device is the air bearing as described in any one of the above, and the air bearing device is used for fixing the impeller on the connecting shaft;

the turbine is located in the turbine shell, the impeller is located in the impeller shell, the connecting shaft is located in the middle shell, one end of the connecting shaft is connected with the impeller, the other end of the connecting shaft is connected with the turbine, and the middle shell is used for connecting the turbine shell and the impeller shell.

According to the above technical scheme, the utility model discloses an air bearing device and turbo charger, wherein, air bearing device includes: the device comprises an inner bearing sleeve, a permanent magnet, an electromagnet group, an outer bearing sleeve, an air pump and a controller. The inner bearing sleeve, the permanent magnet, the electromagnet group and the outer bearing sleeve are coaxially arranged from inside to outside. The inner bearing sleeve is positioned at the innermost side of the air bearing, the permanent magnet is fixed on the outer wall of the inner bearing sleeve, and the electromagnet group is positioned between the permanent magnet and the outer bearing sleeve. An air inlet and an air outlet are arranged on the outer wall of the outer bearing sleeve, the air inlet is externally connected with an air pump, and the air pump is electrically connected with the controller. The utility model discloses an air bearing and turbo charger, permanent magnet fix on the outer wall of inner bearing, and the electro-magnet group is located between permanent magnet and the outer bearing housing. An air inlet and an air outlet are respectively arranged on the outer wall and the inner wall of the outer bearing sleeve, an air pump is fixed on the outer wall of the outer bearing sleeve, and the air pump is controlled by a controller to deliver compressed air to the air inlet. And gas entering between the electromagnet group and the permanent magnet through the gas outlet hole forms a gas film, so that the electromagnet group and the permanent magnet are separated. And the controller energizes the coil on the electromagnet to enable the electromagnet group and the permanent magnet to generate repulsive force, so that the gap between the permanent magnet and the electromagnet group is increased, and the friction between the inner bearing sleeve and the outer bearing sleeve caused by the unstable air film is prevented.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive labor.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air bearing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of electromagnet groups according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a structural diagram of an electromagnet according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a structural diagram of an outer bearing sleeve in the first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a turbocharger according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a connection diagram of a controller according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numbers in the figures:

1. an inner bearing housing; 11. a bump; 2. a permanent magnet; 21. a groove; 3. an electromagnet group; 31. an electromagnet; 311. a coil; 312. concave lines; 313. a threaded hole; 314. a bolt; 4. an outer bearing sleeve; 41. a countersunk hole; 42. an air inlet; 43. an air outlet; 5. a turbocharger; 51. a turbine shell; 52. a turbine; 53. an impeller shell; 54. an impeller; 55. an air bearing device; 56. a connecting shaft; 57. a middle shell.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; the connection can be mechanical connection, electrical connection or communication connection; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail with specific examples. The following several specific embodiments may be combined with each other, and details of the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air bearing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of electromagnet groups according to a first embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3 is a structural diagram of an electromagnet according to a first embodiment of the present invention; fig. 4 is a structural diagram of an outer bearing sleeve in the first embodiment of the present invention; fig. 5 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a turbocharger according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1, the air bearing device 55 of the present invention includes: the bearing device comprises an inner bearing sleeve 1, a permanent magnet 2, an electromagnet 31 group 3, an outer bearing sleeve 4, an air pump (not shown) and a controller (not shown). The inner bearing sleeve 1, the permanent magnet 2, the electromagnet 31 group 3 and the outer bearing sleeve 4 are coaxially arranged and arranged from inside to outside. Interior bearing housing 1 is located air bearing's the most inboard, is equipped with a plurality of lugs 11 at the outer wall of interior bearing housing 1, is equipped with a plurality of recesses 21 in the one side that permanent magnet 2 and interior bearing housing 1 laminated mutually, and wherein the quantity of lug 11 equals the quantity of recess 21, and lug 11 joint on interior bearing housing 1 makes permanent magnet 2 fix on interior bearing housing 1 in the recess 21 on permanent magnet 2. Wherein the set 3 of electromagnets 31 is located between the permanent magnet 2 and the outer bearing sleeve 4.

The outer wall and the inner wall of the outer bearing sleeve 4 are respectively provided with an air inlet 42 and an air outlet 43, the outer wall of the outer bearing sleeve 4 is fixed with an air pump (not shown), and the air pump (not shown) is electrically connected with the controller. The air pump (not shown) is connected with the air inlet hole 42 through a ventilation conduit, the controller controls the start and stop of the air pump (not shown), the air pump (not shown) conveys compressed air into the air inlet hole 42 through the ventilation conduit, and the air entering the inner part of the outer bearing sleeve 4 flows out through the air outlet hole 43 on the inner wall of the outer bearing sleeve 4. The electromagnets 31 and 31 groups 3 are electrically connected with a controller, the electromagnets 31 and 31 groups 3 are wound with an electrified coil 311, the controller can provide current for the coil 311, when the coil 311 is electrified, the electromagnets 31 and 31 groups 3 can generate repulsive force with the permanent magnets 2, and when no current flows in the coil 311, the electromagnets 31 and 31 groups 3 and the permanent magnets 2 do not interfere with each other.

As shown in fig. 4, the cross-sectional area of the air inlet hole 42 is larger than that of the air outlet hole 43, the air pump (not shown) delivers the compressed air through the air inlet hole 42, and the cross-sectional area of the air inlet hole 42 is larger than that of the air outlet hole 43, so that when the cross-sectional area of the air inlet channel is gradually reduced, the speed of the introduced air flow is increased, the introduced compressed air generates strong supporting force on the inner bearing sleeve 1, and a piece of air film is formed between the permanent magnet 2 and the electromagnet 31 group 3. The controller controls the air pump (not shown) to deliver compressed air into the air inlet hole 42, and when the controller controls the air pump (not shown) to start, the controller provides current to the coil 311 on the electromagnet 31, and the current on the coil 311 causes the electromagnet 31 set 3 to generate a force repelling the permanent magnet 2. Since the gap is generated by the repulsive force between the permanent magnets 2 and the group 3 of electromagnets 31 while the air film is formed, even when the air film is unstable, contact between the inner bearing sleeve 1 and the outer bearing sleeve 4 is avoided due to the generation of the repulsive force, preventing an accident in which the inner and outer bearing sleeves 4 collide with each other during operation of the air bearing device 55.

As can be seen from the above, the air bearing device 55 and the turbocharger 5 of the present invention include: the device comprises an inner bearing sleeve 1, a permanent magnet 2, an electromagnet 31 group 3, an outer bearing sleeve 4, an air pump (not shown) and a controller. The inner bearing sleeve 1, the permanent magnet 2, the electromagnet 31 group 3 and the outer bearing sleeve 4 are coaxially arranged from inside to outside. The inner bearing sleeve 1 is positioned at the innermost side of the air bearing, the permanent magnet 2 is fixed on the outer wall of the inner bearing sleeve 1, and the electromagnet 31 group 3 is positioned between the permanent magnet 2 and the outer bearing sleeve 4. An air inlet hole 42 and an air outlet hole 43 are arranged on the outer wall of the outer bearing sleeve 4, the air inlet hole 42 is externally connected with an air pump (not shown), and the air pump (not shown) is electrically connected with the controller. The utility model discloses an air bearing and turbo 52 booster 5, permanent magnet 2 are fixed on the outer wall of inner bearing, and 31 group 3 of electro-magnets are located between permanent magnet 2 and the outer bearing housing 4. An air inlet 42 and an air outlet 43 are respectively arranged on the outer wall and the inner wall of the outer bearing sleeve 4, an air pump (not shown) is fixed on the outer wall of the outer bearing sleeve 4, and the air pump (not shown) is controlled by a controller to deliver compressed air to the air inlet 42. The gas introduced between the group 3 of electromagnets 31 and the permanent magnets 2 through the gas outlet holes 43 forms a gas film, thereby separating the group 3 of electromagnets 31 and the permanent magnets 2. And the controller energizes the coil 311 on the electromagnet 31 to make the electromagnet 31 group 3 generate repulsive force with the permanent magnet 2, so that the gap between the permanent magnet 2 and the electromagnet 31 group 3 is increased, and the friction between the inner bearing sleeve 1 and the outer bearing sleeve 4 caused by the unstable air film is prevented.

Optionally, in this embodiment, the electromagnet 31 group 3 is composed of a plurality of electromagnets 31 group 3, an energizing coil 311 is wound on the electromagnet 31, an annular concave texture 312 is provided on the surface of the electromagnet 31, the concave texture 312 is used for placing the coil 311 on the electromagnet 31, and the coil 311 can be embedded in the concave texture 312. The electromagnets 31 are uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the outer bearing sleeve 4, and are arranged opposite to the permanent magnets.

Optionally, in this embodiment, the outer bearing sleeve 4 has a plurality of countersunk holes 41, the countersunk holes 41 are distributed at the left and right ends of the outer bearing sleeve 4, and the left and right ends of each electromagnet 31 correspond to two of the countersunk holes 41 respectively. The electromagnet 31 has a screw hole 313 corresponding to the counterbore 41, and a plurality of plastic hexagonal bolts 314 are fitted into the counterbore 41 and connected to the screw hole 313 by the bolts 314. Since the bolt 314 is made of plastic, it is not affected by the electromagnet 31.

As shown in fig. 5, alternatively, in the present embodiment, a turbocharger 5 of a turbo 52 includes: a turbine 52 casing 51, a turbine 52, an impeller 54 casing 53, an impeller 54, an air bearing device 55, a coupling shaft 56 and an intermediate casing 57. Wherein the air bearing device 55 comprises any of the above. The shell 51 of the turbine 52 and the shell 53 of the impeller 54 are respectively fixed at two ends of the middle shell 57, the turbine 52 is fixed in the shell 51 of the turbine 52, the impeller 54 is fixed in the shell 53 of the impeller 54, and the turbine 52 and the impeller 54 are connected and fixed by a connecting shaft 56. The turbocharger 5 of the turbine 52 uses the inertia impact force of the exhaust gas discharged by the engine to push the turbine 52 in the housing 51 of the turbine 52, the turbine 52 drives the impeller 54 to rotate through the connecting shaft 56, and the air bearing device 55 is fixed between the impeller 54 and the connecting shaft 56. The impeller 54 pumps the air sent from the air cleaner pipe to pressurize and enter the cylinder, and when the engine speed increases, the exhaust gas discharge speed and the rotation speed of the turbine 52 also increase synchronously, and the impeller 54 can compress more air.

In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first feature or the second feature or indirectly contacting the first feature or the second feature through an intermediate.

Also, a first feature "on," "above," and "over" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or that only the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example" or "some examples," or the like, means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An air bearing device, comprising: the device comprises an inner bearing sleeve, a permanent magnet, an electromagnet group, an outer bearing sleeve, an air pump and a controller;

the inner bearing sleeve, the permanent magnet, the electromagnet group and the outer bearing sleeve are coaxially arranged, the outer bearing sleeve is positioned on the periphery of the inner bearing sleeve, the permanent magnet is fixed on the outer wall of the inner bearing sleeve, the electromagnet group is positioned between the permanent magnet and the outer bearing sleeve, and the electromagnet group is fixed on the outer bearing sleeve;

the outer wall of the outer bearing sleeve is provided with an air inlet, the inner wall of the outer bearing sleeve is provided with an air outlet, the air pump is positioned on the outer bearing sleeve and is communicated with the air inlet through an air duct, the air pump is used for introducing compressed air into the air inlet and is electrically connected with the controller, and the air outlet is used for transmitting the introduced air to a gap between the permanent magnet and the electromagnet group;

the coil on the electromagnet group is externally connected with the controller, the controller provides current for the coil of the electromagnet, and the current is used for enabling the electromagnet group and the permanent magnet to generate repulsive force.

2. The air bearing device of claim 1, wherein the inner bearing housing has a plurality of protrusions, the permanent magnet has a plurality of recesses, and the plurality of protrusions are configured to engage with the plurality of recesses.

3. The air bearing device of claim 2, wherein a number of the plurality of protrusions is equal to a number of the plurality of grooves.

4. The air bearing device of claim 1, wherein the electromagnet assembly comprises: a plurality of electromagnets;

the electromagnets are uniformly distributed in the outer bearing sleeve in the circumferential direction.

5. An air bearing device according to claim 4 wherein the electromagnet is provided with a recessed ridge for receiving a coil on the electromagnet.

6. The air bearing device of claim 4, wherein the outer bearing sleeve has a plurality of counter bores, the electromagnet has a threaded bore, the threaded bore is disposed in the counter bore, and the counter bore is bolted to the threaded bore.

7. The air bearing device of claim 6, wherein the bolt is made of plastic.

8. The air bearing device of claim 7, wherein the cross-sectional area of the inlet aperture is greater than the cross-sectional area of the outlet aperture.

9. A turbocharger, comprising: the turbine shell, the turbine, the impeller shell, the impeller, the air bearing device, the connecting shaft and the middle shell;

the air bearing device is the air bearing of any one of claims 1 to 8, the air bearing device is used for fixing the impeller on the connecting shaft;

the turbine is located in the turbine shell, the impeller is located in the impeller shell, the connecting shaft is located in the middle shell, one end of the connecting shaft is connected with the impeller, the other end of the connecting shaft is connected with the turbine, and the middle shell is used for connecting the turbine shell and the impeller shell.

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